Abstract: The present disclosure generally relates to a Wheatstone bridge that has four resistors. Each resistor includes a plurality of TMR structures. Two resistors have identical TMR structures. The remaining two resistors also have identical TMR structures, though the TMR structures are different from the other two resistors. Additionally, the two resistors that have identical TMR structures each have an additional non-TMR resistor as compared to the remaining two resistors that have identical TMR structures. Therefore, the working bias field for the Wheatstone bridge is non-zero.

Abstract: A tunneling magnetoresistance (TMR) sensor device is disclosed that includes one or more TMR sensors. The TMR sensor device comprises a first resistor comprising a first TMR film, a second resistor comprising a second TMR film different than the first TMR film, a third resistor comprising the second TMR film, and a fourth resistor comprising the first TMR film. The first TMR film comprises a reference layer having a first magnetization direction anti-parallel to a second magnetization direction of a pinned layer. The second TMR film comprises a reference layer having a first magnetization direction parallel to a second magnetization direction of a first pinned layer, and a second pinned layer having a third magnetization direction anti-parallel to the first magnetization direction of the reference layer and the second magnetization direction of the first pinned layer.

Abstract: The present disclosure generally relates to a Wheatstone bridge array comprising TMR sensors and a method of fabrication thereof. In the Wheatstone bridge array, there are four distinct TMR sensors. The TMR sensors are all fabricated simultaneously to create four identical TMR sensors that have synthetic antiferromagnetic free layers as the top layer. The synthetic antiferromagnetic free layers comprise a first magnetic layer, a spacer layer, and a second magnetic layer. After forming the four identical TMR sensors, the spacer layer and the second magnetic layer are removed from two TMR sensors. Following the removal of the spacer layer and the second magnetic layer, a new magnetic layer is formed on the now exposed first magnetic layer such that the new magnetic layer has substantially the same thickness as the spacer layer and second magnetic layer combined.

Abstract: A Wheatstone bridge array comprising a tunneling magnetoresistive (TMR) sensor and a method for manufacturing is disclosed. The bottom lead for the TMR sensor has a very small surface roughness due to not only chemical mechanical planarization (CMP) but also due to forming the bottom lead from multiple layers. The multiple layers include at least a bottom first metal layer and a top second metal layer disposed on the first metal layer. The second metal layer generally has a lower surface roughness than the first metal layer. Additionally, the second metal layer has a slower polishing rate. Therefore, not only does the second metal layer reduce the surface roughness simply be being present, but the slower polishing rate enables the top second metal film to be polished to a very fine surface roughness of less than or equal to ˜2 Angstroms.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure generally relate to a sensor of magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) with shape anisotropy. In one embodiment, a tunnel magnetoresistive (TMR) based magnetic sensor in a Wheatstone configuration includes at least one magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJ). The MTJ includes a free layer having a first edge and a second edge. The free layer has a thickness of about 100 ? or more. The free layer has a width and a height with a width-to-height aspect ratio of about 4:1 or more. The MTJ has a first hard bias element positioned proximate the first edge of the free layer and a second hard bias element positioned proximate the second edge of the free layer.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a rotor mechanism includes a rotor core and a plurality of rotor bars. The rotor core has a plurality of insertion slots arranged along an edge of the rotor core. Each of the plurality of rotor bars has an insertion portion and two protruding portions. The insertion portions are respectively located in the plurality of insertion slots, wherein in each of the plurality of rotor bars, the two protruding portions are respectively connected to two opposite ends of the insertion portion and respectively protrude from two opposite sides of the rotor core, and the two protruding portions each has an extension direction, that has an angle with respect to an extension direction of the insertion portion, in order to clamp and fix the rotor core therebetween. In addition, the present disclosure also provides a method for manufacturing the rotor mechanism.

Abstract: A hybrid read head structure for two-dimensional magnetic recording (TDMR) in a disk drive has two stacked current-perpendicular-to-the plane magnetoresistive (CPP-MR) read heads or sensors substantially aligned with one another in the along-the track direction to enable both sensors to read data from the same data track. The structure is a hybrid structure formed on the disk drive slider with the lower sensor being a dual free layer (DFL) or scissoring type of CPP-MR sensor and the upper sensor being a single free layer (SFL) type of CPP-MR sensor.

Abstract: A rotor mechanism includes a plurality of rotor bars and a rotor core. The rotor bars are disposed along the edge of the rotor core. The rotor core has a plurality of magnetic flux-barrier units and at least one flux channel. Each magnetic flux-barrier unit extends from one of the rotor bars to another rotor bar. The flux channel passes through the flux-barrier units and surrounds an axis of the rotor core, wherein each magnetic flux-barrier unit is a magnetic flux barrier, and the area between the adjacent magnetic flux-barrier units and the flux channel are pathways for magnetic flux.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to the field of display technologies, and relates to a display substrate, a fabricating method of a display substrate, and a display device. The display substrate includes a base. The display substrate is divided into a display area and a non-display area located at a periphery of the display area. The display area has a plurality of pixel regions. Each of pixel regions is provided with a pixel structure. The pixel structure includes a plurality of organic film layers and inorganic film layers disposed in a stacked manner. An area of the non-display area near an edge thereof is an anti-cracking reinforcing area, which is only provided with the organic film layer. The organic film layer at least covers an outer edge surface of the inorganic film layer adjacent to the anti-cracking reinforcing area in the non-display area.

Abstract: An electric motor rotor mechanism includes a plurality of rotor bars and a rotor core. The rotor bars are disposed on the rotor core. The rotor core has a plurality of lines of barriers and a plurality of flux barrier holes. Each of the lines of barriers extends from one of the rotor bars to another one of the rotor bars. The flux barrier holes are arranged along the lines of barriers. Each of the flux barrier holes is a magnetic flux barrier. An area between each adjacent flux barrier hole is a magnetic flux path.

Abstract: A display substrate, a method of manufacturing the same, a display panel, and a display apparatus are provided. In one embodiment, a display substrate includes: a base substrate; a plurality of lead wires and a barrier on the base substrate, the plurality of lead wires being separated from one another to form a concave between every two adjacent ones of the plurality of lead wires; and a cover layer covering over the plurality of lead wires and the barrier; wherein the plurality of lead wires are insulated from the barrier, the plurality of lead wires are insulated from the cover layer, the plurality of lead wires are between the base substrate and the cover layer, the barrier is between the plurality of lead wires and the cover layer, and the barrier is formed at least at the concave between at least two of the plurality of lead wires to block the concave.

Abstract: A display substrate, a method of manufacturing the same, a display panel, and a display apparatus are provided. In one embodiment, a display substrate includes: a base substrate; a plurality of lead wires and a barrier on the base substrate, the plurality of lead wires being separated from one another to form a concave between every two adjacent ones of the plurality of lead wires; and a cover layer covering over the plurality of lead wires and the barrier; wherein the plurality of lead wires are insulated from the barrier, the plurality of lead wires are insulated from the cover layer, the plurality of lead wires are between the base substrate and the cover layer, the barrier is between the plurality of lead wires and the cover layer, and the barrier is formed at least at the concave between at least two of the plurality of lead wires to block the concave.

Abstract: A method of forming a magnetic head includes forming a read sensor stripe, depositing an electronic lapping guide (ELG) layer over the substrate in an ELG region, forming a backside edge of a read sensor by patterning the read sensor stripe in a first patterning step, forming a backside insulator layer and a rear bias magnetic material portion over the backside edge of the read sensor, forming a backside edge of an ELG by patterning the ELG layer in the ELG region in a second patterning step, simultaneously forming a front side edge of the read sensor and a front side edge of the ELG, and lapping the read sensor and the ELG to provide an air bearing surface of a read sensor. The physical stripe height offset can be determined for each flash field by correlating device conductance and ELG conductance.

Abstract: An example embodiment may include a method for blocking one or more portions of one or more trenches during manufacture of a semiconductor structure. The method may include (i) providing a substrate comprising one or more trenches, and a dielectric material under the one or more trenches, (ii) providing a first overlayer on the substrate, thereby filling the one or more trenches, the first overlayer having a planar top surface, a top portion of the first overlayer, comprising the top surface, being etchable selectively with respect to a condensed photo-condensable metal oxide, (iii) covering a first area of the top surface, situated directly above the one or more portions and corresponding thereto, with a block pattern of the condensed photo-condensable metal oxide, thereby leaving a second area of the top surface, having at least another portion of at least one of the trenches thereunder, uncovered.

Abstract: Heterogeneous information networks can be used to detect whether a new transaction is fraudulent. Metapaths are determined based on the heterogeneous information. The transactions can be downsized. For each metapath, training transaction data and test transaction data be used to compute a feature vector “z.” A fraud detection system can use the features to generate a fraud detection model. The fraud detection model can be iteratively refined using machine learning. The fraud detection models can then be applied to new transactions to determine a risk score of the new transaction.

Abstract: A motor driving method is applied to a motor with a rotor comprising a magnetic reluctance structure. The motor driving method comprises enabling the motor by an asynchronous driving method, controlling the motor by the asynchronous driving method according to a speed regulation command, detecting a rotor speed of the motor and determining whether the rotor speed is larger than a speed threshold, and when the rotor speed is larger than the speed threshold, controlling the motor by a synchronous driving method.

Abstract: A tunnel magnetoresistance (TMR) read head includes a first magnetic shield, a read sensor stripe located over the first magnetic shield, a second magnetic shield located over the sensor layer stack, an electrical isolation dielectric layer located on sidewalls of the read sensor stripe, and a pair of side shields located on the electrical isolation dielectric layer between the first magnetic shield and the second magnetic shield. The read sensor stripe includes a sensor layer stack containing a pinned layer stack, a non-magnetic electrically insulating barrier layer, and a ferromagnetic free layer. The side shields include nanocrystalline ferromagnetic particles, such as Fe, Co or CoFe, embedded in a non-magnetic dielectric material matrix, such as hafnium oxide.

Abstract: A motor driving method is applied to a motor with a rotor comprising a magnetic reluctance structure. The motor driving method comprises enabling the motor by an asynchronous driving method, controlling the motor by the asynchronous driving method according to a speed regulation command, detecting a rotor speed of the motor and determining whether the rotor speed is larger than a speed threshold, and when the rotor speed is larger than the speed threshold, controlling the motor by a synchronous driving method.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a rotor mechanism includes a rotor core and a plurality of rotor bars. The rotor core has a plurality of insertion slots arranged along an edge of the rotor core. Each of the plurality of rotor bars has an insertion portion and two protruding portions. The insertion portions are respectively located in the plurality of insertion slots, wherein in each of the plurality of rotor bars, the two protruding portions are respectively connected to two opposite ends of the insertion portion and respectively protrude from two opposite sides of the rotor core, and the two protruding portions each has an extension direction, that has an angle with respect to an extension direction of the insertion portion, in order to clamp and fix the rotor core therebetween. In addition, the present disclosure also provides a method for manufacturing the rotor mechanism.

Abstract: A rotor mechanism includes a plurality of rotor bars and a rotor core. The rotor bars are disposed along the edge of the rotor core. The rotor core has a plurality of magnetic flux-barrier units and at least one flux channel. Each magnetic flux-barrier unit extends from one of the rotor bars to another rotor bar. The flux channel passes through the flux-barrier units and surrounds an axis of the rotor core, wherein each magnetic flux-barrier unit is a magnetic flux barrier, and the area between the adjacent magnetic flux-barrier units and the flux channel are pathways for magnetic flux.