Abstract: A memory includes: a magnet including a first and second portions adjacent in a first direction. The first portion has a first dimension in a second direction at a first position at which a dimension of the magnet in the second direction is maximum, the second direction perpendicular to the first direction, the second portion has a second dimension in the second direction at a second position at which a dimension of the magnet in the second direction is minimum, the second dimension smaller than the first dimension, the first portion is continuous to the second portion via a third position between the first and second positions, a curve corresponding to an outer of the magnet extends between the first and third positions, and the curve passes through a side closer to the central axis of the magnet than a straight line connecting the first and second positions.

Abstract: The present invention provides a particulate cobalt ion adsorbent which has a high adsorption capacity. A particulate cobalt ion adsorbent which contains potassium hydrogen dititanate hydrate represented by chemical formula K2-XHxO.2TiO2.nH2O (wherein x is 0.5 or more and 1.3 or less, and n is greater than 0), and no binder, wherein the particulate cobalt ion adsorbent has a particle size range of 150 ?m or more and 1000 ?m or less.

Abstract: Provided is a particulate alkaline earth metal ion adsorbent having a large adsorption capacity. The particulate alkaline earth metal ion adsorbent comprising: a potassium hydrogen dititanate hydrate represented by a chemical formula K2-xHxO·2TiO2·nH2O, wherein x is 0.5 or more and 1.3 or less, and n is greater than 0; and no binder, wherein the particulate alkaline earth metal ion adsorbent has a particle size range of 150 ?m or more and 1000 ?m or less.

Abstract: Provided are a cobalt ion adsorption material which has a large adsorption capacity and which tends not to generate fine powder, and a method for producing the same. This cobalt ion adsorption material is a powder with a particle diameter of 100-1,000 ?m, and contains 0.3-8.0 parts by mass of a binder constituted of a water-insoluble metal oxide or metal hydroxide fine particles with respect to 100 parts by mass of a cobalt adsorption main agent constituted of potassium hydrogen dititanate hydrate.

Abstract: The present invention provides a particulate cobalt ion adsorbent which has a high adsorption capacity. A particulate cobalt ion adsorbent which contains potassium hydrogen dititanate hydrate represented by chemical formula K2-XHxO.2TiO2.nH2O (wherein x is 0.5 or more and 1.3 or less, and n is greater than 0), and no binder, wherein the particulate cobalt ion adsorbent has a particle size range of 150 ?m or more and 1000 ?m or less.

Abstract: A display device includes: a plurality of first pixel sections; a plurality of second pixel sections; first image lines disposed in a first pixel area; a plurality of second image lines disposed in a second pixel area; short-circuit lines connected to the second image lines, the short-circuit lines short-circuiting the second image lines; a first pixel drive unit driving the first pixel sections; a plurality of second pixel drive units driving the second pixel sections arranged side by side along a row direction by time division while the first pixel drive unit is driving the first pixel sections; and an image signal supply section supplying first image signals to the first image lines in synchronism with the first pixel drive unit driving the first pixel sections and supplying second image signals to the short-circuit lines by time division in synchronism with the second pixel drive units driving the second pixel sections arranged side by side along the row direction.

Abstract: A display device includes: a plurality of first pixel sections; a plurality of second pixel sections; first image lines disposed in a first pixel area; a plurality of second image lines disposed in a second pixel area; short-circuit lines connected to the second image lines, the short-circuit lines short-circuiting the second image lines; a first pixel drive unit driving the first pixel sections; a plurality of second pixel drive units driving the second pixel sections arranged side by side along a row direction by time division while the first pixel drive unit is driving the first pixel sections; and an image signal supply section supplying first image signals to the first image lines in synchronism with the first pixel drive unit driving the first pixel sections and supplying second image signals to the short-circuit lines by time division in synchronism with the second pixel drive units driving the second pixel sections arranged side by side along the row direction.

Abstract: A cache method between a server and a device includes: determining, when a first request which includes an encrypted data acquisition request and an identifier in plaintext is received from the device, whether or not cache data corresponding to the identifier is stored in a storage. When the cache data is stored, transmitting to the device a first response including the cache data. When the cache data is not stored, transmitting to the server a second request acquired by deleting the identifier from the first request and a third request for requesting the acquisition of the data; when a second response to the second request is received from the server, transmitting the second response to the device; and when a third response to the third request is received from the server, storing the cache data in the third response in association with the identifier in the storage.

Abstract: Provided is a particulate alkaline earth metal ion adsorbent having a large adsorption capacity. The particulate alkaline earth metal ion adsorbent comprising: a potassium hydrogen dititanate hydrate represented by a chemical formula K2-xHxO.2TiO2.nH2O, wherein x is 0.5 or more and 1.3 or less, and n is greater than 0; and no binder, wherein the particulate alkaline earth metal ion adsorbent has a particle size range of 150 ?m or more and 1000 ?m or less.

Abstract: An illumination device 11 has: a light source 1 for emitting polarized light having a Gaussian beam profile and including a first polarized light component and a second polarized light component orthogonal to each other; and a spiral phase element for imparting a phase modulation amount which increases for each predetermined step amount along a circumferential direction about an optical axis OA to the first polarized light component of transmitted polarized light from the light source 1 and making the beam profile of the first polarized light component a Laguerre-Gaussian beam profile, and forming a composite beam having a top-hat-shaped beam profile in which the second polarized light component of the transmitted polarized light from the light source 1 and the first polarized light component having a Laguerre-Gaussian beam profile are synthesized.

Abstract: An illumination device 11 has: a light source 1 for emitting polarized light having a Gaussian beam profile and including a first polarized light component and a second polarized light component orthogonal to each other; and a spiral phase element for imparting a phase modulation amount which increases for each predetermined step amount along a circumferential direction about an optical axis OA to the first polarized light component of transmitted polarized light from the light source 1 and making the beam profile of the first polarized light component a Laguerre-Gaussian beam profile, and forming a composite beam having a top-hat-shaped beam profile in which the second polarized light component of the transmitted polarized light from the light source 1 and the first polarized light component having a Laguerre-Gaussian beam profile are synthesized.

Abstract: A light modulating device 103 includes: a selective diffraction device (10, 10?) which generates diffracted light beams of a plurality of orders by diffracting illumination light into one of a plurality of directions, the illumination light being linearly polarized light having a polarization plane oriented in a first polarization direction, and which causes a phase difference between the diffracted light beams of the plurality of orders; and a polarization plane rotating device 14 which rotates the polarization plane of the diffracted light beam of each order so as to be oriented in a direction perpendicular to a direction radiating from an optical axis.

Abstract: An aberration correction device (3) corrects wave front aberration arising in an optical system that includes an object lens (4) disposed in an optical path for light beams output by a coherent light source (1). The aberration correction device (3) has a symmetrical aberration correction element (3a) that corrects symmetrical aberrations, which are the wave front aberrations that are symmetrical with respect to the optical axis among the wave front aberrations generated in the optical path, and an asymmetrical aberration correction element (3b) that corrects asymmetrical aberrations, which are wave front aberrations that are asymmetrical with respect to the optical axis, generated in light beams incident obliquely on the object lens (4).

Abstract: A liquid crystal optical device includes multiple liquid crystal elements arranged along the optical axis. Each liquid crystal element includes two transparent electrodes that are disposed so as to face each other with a liquid crystal layer disposed therebetween. At least one of the two transparent electrodes includes multiple partial electrodes. For each of a predetermined number of levels obtained by dividing, by the predetermined number, difference between a maximum value and a minimum value of a phase modulation amount provided to a luminous flux passing through the liquid crystal layer, at least one of the multiple partial electrodes is disposed on a part of the liquid crystal layer, the part providing the luminous flux with a phase modulation amount corresponding to the level. A position of the boundary between any two adjacent partial electrodes with respect to the luminous flux, is different for each liquid crystal element.

Abstract: A phase modulation device corrects wave front aberrations generated by an optical system including an objective lens disposed on an optical path of a light flux. The phase modulation device includes a phase modulation element which includes a plurality of electrodes, and modulates the phase of the light flux in accordance with a voltage applied to each electrode, and a control circuit which controls the voltage to be applied to each electrode. The control circuit controls the voltage to be applied to each electrode in such a manner that the light flux is imparted with a phase modulation amount in accordance with a phase modulation profile having a polarity opposite to the polarity of a phase distribution to be determined according to a relational equation representing a relationship between a numerical aperture of the objective lens and a ratio between third-order spherical aberration and fifth-order spherical aberration.

Abstract: A polarization conversion element includes a phase reversal element and a polarization plane rotation element including a liquid crystal layer. The liquid crystal layer has a plurality of regions disposed along circumferential direction with the intersection point of the polarization plane rotation element and the optical axis as the center with alignment directions different from each other. When electric voltage in accordance with the wavelength of linear polarization incident on the polarization plane rotation element is applied, each region rotates the polarization plane of the polarization component transmitted by each region, and thereby converts linear polarization to radial polarization. The phase reversal element reverses, among the first and the second annular portions alternately disposed along the radial direction with the optical axis as the center, the phase of light incident on the first annular portion relative to the phase of light incident on the second annular portion.

Abstract: A beam splitting device includes a phase modulating device which provides a phase difference between a first polarization component and second polarization component of incident light that have mutually perpendicular planes of polarization, and at least one birefringent lens which splits the light passed through the phase modulating device into a first beam having the first polarization component and a second beam having the second polarization component, and which causes the first beam and the second beam to emerge along a common optical axis, and converting at least one of the first and second beams into a convergent light.

Abstract: A refractive index measurement apparatus includes a light source, a measurement cell including a sample as an object of refractive index measurement and diffracting light incident from the light source, a detector that detects the amount of diffracted light in at least one diffraction order other than zero order of diffracted light exiting from the measurement cell, and a control unit that determines refractive index of the sample based on the measured value of the amount of diffracted light by the detector. The measurement cell includes two substrates disposed so as to be opposed to each other and a diffraction grating disposed between the two substrates, and the diffraction grating has a plurality of members whose width decreases stepwise as approaching from one of the substrates to the other of the substrates, the sample being filled in the space between the substrates not occupied by the diffraction grating.

Abstract: A light modulating device 103 includes: a selective diffraction device (10, 10?) which generates diffracted light beams of a plurality of orders by diffracting illumination light into one of a plurality of directions, the illumination light being linearly polarized light having a polarization plane oriented in a first polarization direction, and which causes a phase difference between the diffracted light beams of the plurality of orders; and a polarization plane rotating device 14 which rotates the polarization plane of the diffracted light beam of each order so as to be oriented in a direction perpendicular to a direction radiating from an optical axis.

Abstract: A phase modulation device corrects wave front aberrations generated by an optical system including an objective lens disposed on an optical path of a light flux. The phase modulation device includes a phase modulation element which includes a plurality of electrodes, and modulates the phase of the light flux in accordance with a voltage applied to each electrode, and a control circuit which controls the voltage to be applied to each electrode. The control circuit controls the voltage to be applied to each electrode in such a manner that the light flux is imparted with a phase modulation amount in accordance with a phase modulation profile having a polarity opposite to the polarity of a phase distribution to be determined according to a relational equation representing a relationship between a numerical aperture of the objective lens and a ratio between third-order spherical aberration and fifth-order spherical aberration.