Abstract: An aqueous, homogeneous, single-part color developing concentrate comprises a color developing agent in free base form, an antioxidant for the color developing agent, a buffering agent, and a water-miscible or water-soluble hydroxy-substituted, straight-chain organic solvent present in an a concentration such that the weight ratio of water to the organic solvent is from about 15:85 to about 50:50. This composition is prepared in a unique manner, namely by combining the noted components, and removing the sulfate anions commonly present in color developing agents by precipitation with alkali metal ions, before addition of further components. The concentrate can be used to make a working strength processing solution, or it can be used as a replenishing composition with proper dilution.

Abstract: An aqueous, homogeneous, single-part, chloride ion-free color developing concentrate comprises a color developing agent in free base form, an antioxidant for the color developing agent, a buffering agent, and a water-miscible or water-soluble hydroxy-substituted, straight-chain organic solvent present in an a concentration such that the weight ratio of water to the organic solvent is from about 15:85 to about 50:50. Upon dilution at least four times, this composition can be used to provide a color developing composition for processing photographic color papers. The same concentrate can also be diluted to provide a replenisher for the color developing composition that is used at a replenishment rate of from about 50 to about 150 ml/m.sup.2 of processed color paper.

Abstract: A game for teaching reading skills through phonics and decoding skills. The game provides for increasing student (player) interest by incorporating a wagering system similar to that of casino Blackjack. The wagering aspect makes the game attractive to mature students (players) who are learning to read or are improving their reading skills. The game uses word cards and sentence cards. The word cards have specially-selected words to emphasize important vowel sounds, common two letter combinations (consonant--consonant and consonant-vowel) and are selected to use words falling into categories selected for their universal association. The sentence cards are a logical progression from the philosophy of Universal Associative Learning, and pose questions or assign tasks to emphasize reading comprehension and critical thinking skills. The game also uses timing means which sets a period of time in which the card must be correctly responded to, and also uses chips for the placing of wagers.

Abstract: A modulating array transmitter employing a method that provides for improved power efficiency. The present inventors have observed that for symbols where pairs of power amplifiers of the modulating array transmitter are driven with opposing phases, the pairs of power amplifiers may both be keyed off to conserve prime power. The transmitter has a lookup table for providing a plurality of digital input signals and an on/off keying bit input signal, a plurality of quadraphase power elements that each comprise a modulator coupled to the lookup table and to a reference signal source, and a high efficiency amplifier coupled to a power source. A power combiner combines outputs of the plurality of power elements to produce a quadrature amplitude modulated (QAM) output constellation containing a plurality of symbols. The on/off keying bit input signal is used to key off selected pairs of power amplifiers that are driven with opposing phases and produce certain of the symbols of the constellation.

Abstract: Global planarization of a non-planar substrate surface is accomplished using a sacrificial material in conjunction with an etching and chemical-mechanical polishing (CMP) technique. The sacrificial material has a greater rate of removal relative to the substrate during the CMP process and at a lesser rate relative to the material during the etching process. The use of the sacrificial material enables the etching process to substantially reduce the height of topographic features that occur in the non-planar surface. The CMP process is then performed on the etched material surface to produce a planarized material surface that is substantially free of feature dependent dishing. Such a process is useful for planarizing material layers in fabricating integrated circuit devices as well as for planarizing recessed structures in such devices.

Abstract: Color reversal photographic films are processed using a reversal solution comprising stannous ion and a quaternary ammonium compound as the sole biocide, to reduce formation of biogrowth.

Abstract: The sleeve comprises two tubular rigid strength members (4,5) where one surrounds the other and where they are united by an elastomer body (6) shaped so as to co-operate therewith to form two sealed cavities (7,8) that communicate with each other via a narrow channel (9), the cavities and the channel being completely filled in a liquid, the portion of the elastomer body that defines at least one of the cavities having a generally U-shaped or V-shaped axial section that is outwardly open in a radial direction, and the narrow channel extending along an arc of a circle disposed at an axial end of the sleeve, close to its outer strength member (5). The outer strength member forms an integral portion of a rigid connection arm (11), and the narrow channel is defined in part by a radial flange (16) of a cage (15) received in the outer strength member.

Abstract: Photographic processing devices such as stainless steel racks and tanks are cleaned to remove contaminants such as silver by contacting the devices with a cleaning solution comprising water, a mineral acid such as nitric acid, a soluble cerium (IV) salt such as ceric ammonium nitrate, and acetic acid. The cleaning solutions have a pH no greater than 1. The acetic acid inhibits the formation of a brown stain on in the stainless steel.

Abstract: A hydraulically damped bushing comprising two tubular bodies surrounding each other and joined with each other by an elastomeric member so designed as to form two sealed cavities communicating with each other by a narrow channel, the cavity-channel assembly being filled with a liquid, whereas the portion of said member which defines one of the cavities consists of a tight bellows whose edges are attached sealingly onto the external body. This bushing further comprises, within said defined cavity, a second tight bellows which is sealingly attached onto the external tubular body, the inner volume of said second bellows being vented to the open air through an aperture bored into said body.

Abstract: Photographic processing devices such as stainless steel racks and tanks are cleaned to remove contaminants such as silver by contacting the devices with a cleaning solution comprising water, a mineral acid such as nitric acid, a soluble cerium (IV) salt such as ceric ammonium nitrate, and acetic acid. The cleaning solutions have a pH no greater than 1. The acetic acid inhibits the formation of a brown stain on the stainless steel.

Abstract: A hydraulic antivibratory sleeve comprising two rigid tubular frames (1, 2), one surrounding the other and joined together by an elastomer body (3) shaped so as to form therewith at least two diametrically opposite sealed pockets (A, B) communicating together through a narrow channel (9), the assembly of said pockets and said narrow channel being filled with a damping liquid, the portion of the elastomer body which defines one at least of the pockets (A) having in axial section the general form of a U or a V open radially outwardly and being adhered to two rigid annular shaped sections (8) one at least of which contains the narrow channel. The mutual axial spacing of the two shaped sections (8) is provided by means of bosses (12, 15, 16) formed on the internal face of this frame (2).

Abstract: A process for stabilizing the magenta dye image in a photographic color element comprises the step of treating the element after the step of color developing and prior to the step of bleaching or bleach-fixing with an aqueous solution that has a pH in the range of 7 to 10 and contains an effective amount of an alkali metal formaldehyde bisulfite.

Abstract: A fixing bath and a method of fixing wherein the bath contains an imidazole compound that facilitates the removal of thiosulfate from the film in addition to reducing the presence of stain in the resulting film.

Abstract: Hydroxylamine compounds are commonly included in photographic color developing solutions to retard aerial oxidation. When the photographic element processed in the color developing solution is one which contains an aromatic polyhydroxy compound which serves as a stabilizing addendum, there will be a build-up of the level of such compound in the developing solution as seasoning occurs. Also, as a consequence of seasoning, there is a gradual build-up of the level of trace metal impurities in the solution. Interaction of a trace metal impurity with the aromatic polyhydroxy compound can form a metal-complex which catalyzes the oxidation of the hydroxylamine compound and thereby renders it ineffective for its intended purpose. In the improved method of this invention, the color developing solution is protected against the unwanted metal-complex catalyzed oxidation by incorporation therein of an aminopolycarboxylic acid sequestering agent.

Abstract: Improved bleach-accelerating compositions that are especially useful in the reversal color processing of photographic elements are comprised of a bleach-accelerating agent and a dye-stabilizing agent. Formaldehyde precursors function as particularly effective dye-stabilizing agents in such compositions. The bleach-accelerating composition is utilized subsequent to the color developing step and prior to the bleaching step and serves to enhance the effectiveness of the bleaching step and to provide improved dye stability.

Abstract: Improved photographic bleaching compositions for use in the color processing of photographic elements comprise an aqueous solution containing a photographic bleaching agent, such as, for example, an ammonium or alkali metal salt of a ferric complex of an aminopolycarboxylic acid, and a dye-stabilizing amount of a formaldehyde percursor.

Abstract: A stabilizing bath which provides reduced stain and enhanced dye stability for photographic color elements which are processed therein is comprised of a dye stabilizing agent, an alkanolamine, and polyacrylic acid or a water-soluble salt thereof. The stabilizing bath is used as a final processing bath which follows treatment of the element in a fixing or bleach-fixing bath containing a thiousulfate fixing agent. The alkanolamine functions to prevent the precipitation of sulfur resulting from carryover of the thiosulfate fixing agent into the stabilizing bath, while the polyacrylic acid or water-soluble salt thereof functions to avoid the formation of unwanted precipitates.

Abstract: A stabilizing bath which provides reduced stain and enhanced dye stability for photographic color elements which are processed therein is comprised of a dye stabilizing agent, an alkanolamine, and a hydrolyzed polymaleic anhydride or water-soluble salt thereof. The stabilizing bath is used as a final processing bath which follows treatment of the element in a fixing or bleach-fixing bath containing a thiosulfate fixing agent. The alkanolamine functions to prevent the precipitation of sulfur resulting from carryover of the thiosulfate fixing agent into the stabilizing bath, while the hydrolyzed polymaleic anhydride or water-soluble salt thereof functions to avoid the formation of unwanted precipitates.

Abstract: Improved bleach-accelerating compositions that are especially useful in the reversal color processing of photographic elements are comprised of a bleach-accelerating agent and a dye-stabilizing agent. Formaldehyde precursors function as particularly effective dye-stabilizing agents in such compositions. The bleach-accelerating composition is utilized subsequent to the color developing step and prior to the bleaching step and serves to enhance the effectiveness of the bleaching step and to provide improved dye stability.

Abstract: Platinum complexes are disclosed in which the platinum cation is coordinated to heterocyclic sulfur compounds as well as monodentate or bidentate amines. The complexes have the formula: ##STR1## wherein L.sub.1 and L.sub.2 are individually ammonia or monodentate amine ligands or L.sub.1 and L.sub.2 together are a bidentate amine ligand, S* is sulfur and R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 taken together with S are thiophene, thiazole, benzothiazole or benzothiophene. These platinum complexes, which have anti-neoplastic activity, are synthesized by reacting sulfonated heterocyclic sulfur compounds with diamines of platinum nitrate.