Abstract: The invention relates to a method and apparatus for determining whether two user equipments (UEs) in a wireless network can be co-scheduled by an uplink scheduler of a base station. The method includes: the determination of a steering vector for each of a plurality of user equipments to be considered; and, for each pair of the user equipments, the determination of a corresponding orthogonality factor based on the steering vectors of the user equipments comprising the pair. A pair of user equipments may be selected for co-scheduling based on the orthogonality factors. For example, a pair of user equipments may be co-scheduled if its orthogonality factor is below a threshold. As another example, a pair of user equipments that has the lowest of the orthogonality factors may be co-scheduled.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and apparatus for determining whether two user equipments (UEs) in a wireless network can be co-scheduled by an uplink scheduler. The method includes the determination of orthogonality factors for each pair of equipments to be considered and, from the orthogonality factors, selecting UEs to be co-scheduled.

Abstract: Determination of an impairment compensation matrix for compensation of impairments in an antenna array is disclosed. A plurality of different combinations of multi-signal transmissions which form at least one null at a respective location of a plurality of locations is determined. Each combination includes a multi-signal transmission that comprises at least two concurrent signal transmissions from at least two antenna subarrays of N antenna subarrays and the respective location. Based on signal characteristics associated with the plurality of different combinations of multi-signal transmissions and an expected signal reception at the plurality of locations, an impairment matrix that identifies an effect of impairments among the N antenna subarrays is determined. The impairment compensation matrix is determined based on the impairment matrix.

Abstract: A method of calibrating transmit and/or receive paths of an antenna comprising at least two antenna columns, each of which comprising two co-located sub-arrays of antenna elements. The method includes the steps of transmitting a measurement signal on at least one of the antenna elements, and receiving a representation of the measurement signal on at least one other of the antenna elements, the representation comprising at least a mutual coupling component dependent on the mutual coupling between the at least one antenna element and the at least one other antenna element.

Abstract: Beamforming system and method which includes an inverse beamformer with first ports and second ports, a beamformer with beam ports and antenna ports, and antennas. The inverse beamformer may receive transmit signals provided to first ports, generates intermediate signals based on the transmit signals, and output the intermediate signals from the second ports. The beamformer's beam ports may couple to the second ports and the antenna ports, and may receive the intermediate signals at the beam ports, generate antenna signals based on the intermediate signals, and output the antenna signals at the antenna ports. The antennas may each receive an antenna signal from an antenna port, and transmit the antenna signal into space. The inverse beamformer may generate the intermediate signals in a manner that is mathematically inverse to the beamformer's generation of the antenna signals so that the antenna signals approximate the transmit signals up to respective phase shifts.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for determining a distance to an object using a binary, event-based image sensor. In one aspect, the image sensor includes memory circuitry and address decode circuitry. In one aspect, activation of a photodiode of the image sensor array by receipt of one or more photons is able to be used directly as an input to logic circuitry. In one embodiment, the image sensor includes photodiodes operating in an avalanche photodiode mode or Geiger mode. In one embodiment, the imaging sensor includes photodiodes operating as thresholded integrating pixels. The imaging sensor can be fabricated from one or more substrates having at least a first and a second voltage portion.

Abstract: A node (28) of a radio access network (20) communicates over a radio interface (32) with a wireless terminal (30). The node (28) comprises a transmitter (34) and a controller (40). The transmitter (34) selectively operates in plural multiple input multiple output (MIMO) modes for downlink transmission over the radio interface (32). The controller (40) uses both a terminal speed value and a throughput value to make a determination when to switch between the plural multiple input multiple output (MIMO) modes for communicating with the wireless terminal. The plural MIMO modes comprise a first mode and a second mode. In the first mode open loop MIMO operates with cyclical diversity delay. In the second mode open loop MIMO operates without cyclical diversity delay. Although operating in open loop MIMO, advantages such as those of closed loop MIMO are realized.

Abstract: A node (28) of a radio access network (20) communicates over a radio interface (32) with a wireless terminal (30). The node (28) comprises a transmitter (34) and a controller (40). The transmitter (34) selectively operates in plural multiple input multiple output (MIMO) modes for downlink transmission over the radio interface (32). The controller (40) uses both a terminal speed value and a throughput value to make a determination when to switch between the plural multiple input multiple output (MIMO) modes for communicating with the wireless terminal. The plural MIMO modes comprise a first mode and a second mode. In the first mode open loop MIMO operates with cyclical diversity delay. In the second mode open loop MIMO operates without cyclical diversity delay. Although operating in open loop MIMO, advantages such as those of closed loop MIMO are realized.

Abstract: Systems and methods for use in CDMA antenna systems are provided in which signals each having a common overhead component are transmitted on a set of adjacent beams of a sector with a micro-timing offset between signals transmitted on adjacent pairs of beams which is large enough that destructive cancellation substantially does not occur between the pair of beams.

Abstract: Methods and devices for removing cross coupling effects between elements of an antenna array (110) are provided. Cross coupling coefficients between all pairs of antenna elements of the antenna array are predetermined to minimize a total power in theoretical null points calculated without considering the cross element effects. A transceiver (100) includes a multiplexing block (105) configured to receive data signals to be transmitted via the antenna elements and to output to at least one of the antenna elements, a sum signal including (i) a data signal, which data signal is designated for the at least one antenna element, and (ii) a linear combination of data signals designated for other antenna elements of the antenna array, each of the data signals in the linear combination being weighted by a respective cross coupling coefficient between the at least one antenna element and an antenna element emitting the each of the data signals.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and apparatus for determining whether two user equipments (UEs) in a wireless network can be co-scheduled by an uplink scheduler. The method includes the determination of orthogonality factors for each pair of equipments to be considered and, from the orthogonality factors, selecting UEs to be co-scheduled.

Abstract: Various apparatuses and methods for forming integrated circuit packages are described. One aspect of the invention pertains to an integrated circuit package in which one or more integrated circuits are embedded in a substrate and covered with a layer of photo-imageable epoxy. The substrate can be made of various materials, including silicon, quartz and glass. An integrated circuit is positioned within a cavity in the top surface of the substrate. The epoxy layer is formed over the top surface of the substrate and the active face of the integrated circuit. An interconnect layer is formed over the epoxy layer and is electrically coupled with the integrated circuit.

Abstract: A node (28) of a radio access network (20) communicates over a radio interface (32) with a wireless terminal (30). The node (28) comprises a transmitter (34) and a controller (40). The transmitter (34) selectively operates in plural multiple input multiple output (MIMO) modes for downlink transmission over the radio interface (32). The controller (40) uses both a terminal speed value and a throughput value to make a determination when to switch between the plural multiple input multiple output (MIMO) modes for communicating with the wireless terminal. The plural MIMO modes comprise a first mode and a second mode. In the first mode open loop MIMO operates with cyclical diversity delay. In the second mode open loop MIMO operates without cyclical diversity delay. Although operating in open loop MIMO, advantages such as those of closed loop MIMO are realized.

Abstract: The present disclosure allows transmission of multiple signals between masthead electronics and base housing electronics in a base station environment. At least some of the received signals from the multiple antennas are translated to being centered about different center frequencies, such that the translated signals may be combined into a composite signal including each of the received signals. The composite signal is then sent over a single feeder cable to base housing electronics, wherein the received signals are separated and processed by transceiver circuitry. Prior to being provided to the transceiver circuitry, those signals that were translated from being centered about one frequency to another may be retranslated to being centered about the original center frequency.

Abstract: Systems and methods for use in CDMA antenna systems are provided in which signals each having a common overhead component are transmitted on a set of adjacent beams of a sector with a micro-timing offset between signals transmitted on adjacent pairs of beams which is large enough that destructive cancellation substantially does not occur between the pair of beams.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for processing multiple signals at a common frequency combined into a single radio frequency cable and subsequently recovering the signals without significant losses, distortion, or cross-talk. The method and apparatus includes processing multiple signals at a common frequency fed through a single radio frequency (RF) cable with or without one or more amplifiers and utilized for either forward or reverse link transmissions. The invention enables a single power amplifier to amplify multiple RF signals that occupy a common frequency channel and after amplification splitting these signals into amplified copies of the originals. The amplified signals may be sent to different antenna ports to illuminate different base station sectors if required. The signal splitting function is performed at the antenna masthead such that this method reduces the number of feeder cables running up the antenna tower by a factor of N, where N is the number of common frequency signals (e.g.

Abstract: Antenna systems are used for transmitting common overhead channels (pilot, sync, and paging channels) over a whole sector while transmitting and receiving unique traffic channels on individual beams in the sector. Each beam in the sector is transmitted at a frequency offset from other beams in the sector. The offset frequency is chosen such that the effect of cancellation of the pilot channel caused by the summing of signals from multiple beams is minimized. Alternative, each beam in the sector can have a time dependent phase offset relative to each other to minimize the effect of cancellation of the pilot channel caused by the summing of signals from multiple beams. System capacity is substantially increased since the number of traffic carrying beams per sector is increased without using more pilot channel PN offsets. Beams are fixed and the same antennas are used for the overhead channels as the traffic channels, obviating the need for complex algorithms and calibration procedures.

Abstract: A nebulizer is proposed which comprises a replaceable container containing fluid, a housing part detachable from the nebulizer for replacing the container, and an operation counter inseparable from the housing part as depicted in exemplary FIG. 10. The operation counter comprises a lead screw and an associated rider both supported by the housing part.

Abstract: A nebulizer is proposed as depicted in exemplary FIG. 7 which comprises a replaceable container, a counting device and a lock for locking the nebulizer against further use. The container is provided with an electronic storage which is electrically connected to the counting device. The nebulizer comprises an electric drive for actuating the lock. This allows secure operation and/or simple handling of the nebulizer.

Abstract: A beamformer is arranged to receive an input from a first antenna element and from at least one other antenna element and to generate at least a first and second output beam. The first and second output beams are combined at a connecting port such that signals received at the first antenna element are constructively combined at the connecting port and signals received at another antenna element or elements are destructively combined at the connecting port, so that a receiver connected to the connecting port may receive signals from the first antenna element and may not receive signals from the other antenna element or elements. The arrangement may also be used to transmit a signal which is fed into the connecting point from the first antenna element and not from the other antenna element or elements.