Abstract: A method of manufacturing a semiconductor structure includes forming a stack of alternating layers comprising insulating layers and spacer material layers over a semiconductor substrate, forming a memory opening through the stack, forming an aluminum oxide layer having a horizontal portion at a bottom of the memory opening and a vertical portion at least over a sidewall of the memory opening, where the horizontal portion differs from the vertical portion by at least one of structure or composition, and selectively etching the horizontal portion selective to the vertical portion.

Abstract: A memory stack structure including a memory film and a vertical semiconductor channel can be formed within each memory opening that extends through a stack including an alternating plurality of insulating layers and sacrificial material layers. After formation of backside recesses through removal of the sacrificial material layers selective to the insulating layers, a backside blocking dielectric layer may be formed in the backside recesses and sidewalls of the memory stack structures. A metallic barrier material portion can be formed in each backside recess. A metallic material portion is formed on the metallic barrier material portion. Subsequently, a metal portion comprising a material selected from cobalt and ruthenium is formed directly on a sidewall of the metallic barrier material portion and a sidewall of the metallic material portion and an overlying insulating surface and an underlying insulating surface.

Abstract: A sacrificial film and an alternating stack of insulating layers and sacrificial material layers are sequentially formed over a substrate. A memory stack structure including a memory film and a vertical semiconductor channel is formed through the alternating stack and the sacrificial film on the substrate. A source level cavity is formed by introducing an etchant or a reactant through a backside trench and removing the sacrificial film. After removal of an annular portion of the memory film, a portion of the vertical semiconductor channel is converted into an annular source region by introducing electrical dopants into the channel. A source contact layer is formed in the source level cavity and directly on the annular source region. The sacrificial material layers are replaced with electrically conductive layers. The annular source region and the source contact layer can provide low source contact resistance in a three-dimensional NAND memory device.

Abstract: A memory opening can be formed through an alternating stack of insulating layers and sacrificial material layers provided over a substrate. Annular etch stop material portions are provided at each level of the sacrificial material layers around the memory opening. The annular etch stop material portions can be formed by conversion of surface portions of the sacrificial material layers into dielectric material portion, or by recessing the sacrificial material layers around the memory opening and filling indentations around the memory opening. After formation of a memory stack structure, the sacrificial material layers are removed from the backside. The annular etch stop material portions are at least partially converted to form charge trapping material portions. Vertical isolation of the charge trapping material portions among one another around the memory stack structure minimizes leakage between the charge trapping material portions located at different word line levels.

Abstract: A method of making a monolithic three dimensional NAND string which contains a semiconductor channel and a plurality of control gate electrodes, includes selectively forming a plurality of discrete charge storage regions using atomic layer deposition. The plurality of discrete charge storage regions includes at least one of a metal or an electrically conductive metal oxide.

Abstract: Metal floating gate electrodes can be formed for a three-dimensional memory device by forming a memory opening having lateral recesses at levels of spacer material layers between insulating layers, depositing a continuous metal layer, and inducing diffusion and agglomeration of the metal into the lateral recesses to form discrete metal portions employing an anneal process. The metallic material can migrate and form the discrete metal portions due to surface tension, which operates to minimize the surface area of the metallic material. Optionally, two or more continuous metal layers can be employed to form discrete metal portions including at least two metals. Optionally, a selective metal deposition process can be performed to deposit additional metal portions including a different metallic material on the discrete metal portions. The metal floating gate electrodes can be formed without employing an etch process. A tunneling dielectric layer and a semiconductor channel can be subsequently formed.

Abstract: A silicon-containing nucleation layer can be employed to provide a self-aligned template for selective deposition of tungsten within backside recesses during formation of a three-dimensional memory device. The silicon-containing nucleation layer may remain as a silicon layer, converted into a tungsten silicide layer, or replaced with a tungsten nucleation layer. Tungsten deposition can proceed only on the surface of the silicon-containing nucleation layer or a layer derived therefrom in a subsequent tungsten deposition process.

Abstract: A memory film and a semiconductor channel can be formed within each memory opening that extends through a stack including an alternating plurality of insulator layers and sacrificial material layers. After formation of backside recesses through removal of the sacrificial material layers selective to the insulator layers, a metallic barrier material portion can be formed in each backside recess. A cobalt portion can be formed in each backside recess. Each backside recess can be filled with a cobalt portion alone, or can be filled with a combination of a cobalt portion and a metallic material portion including a material other than cobalt.

Abstract: A memory opening can be formed through an alternating stack of insulating layers and sacrificial material layers provided over a substrate. Annular etch stop material portions are provided at each level of the sacrificial material layers around the memory opening. The annular etch stop material portions can be formed by conversion of surface portions of the sacrificial material layers into dielectric material portion, or by recessing the sacrificial material layers around the memory opening and filling indentations around the memory opening. After formation of a memory stack structure, the sacrificial material layers are removed from the backside. The annular etch stop material portions are at least partially converted to form charge trapping material portions. Vertical isolation of the charge trapping material portions among one another around the memory stack structure minimizes leakage between the charge trapping material portions located at different word line levels.

Abstract: Undesirable metal contamination from a selective metal deposition process can be minimized or eliminated by employing a first material layer on a bevel and a back side of a substrate, while providing a second material layer only on a front side of the substrate. The first material layer and the second material layer are selected such that a selective deposition process of a metal material provides a metal material portion only on the second material layer, while no deposition occurs on the first material layer or isolated islands of the metal material are formed on the first material layer. Any residual metal material can be removed from the bevel and the back side by a wet etch to reduce or prevent metal contamination from the deposited metal material.

Abstract: Collateral etching of a dielectric material around a trench during formation of a substrate contact via structure can be avoided employing an aluminum oxide layer. The aluminum oxide layer functions as an etch stop layer during an anisotropic etch that removes horizontal portions of an insulating material layer to form an insulating spacer. The aluminum oxide layer may be a conformal or a non-conformal material layer, and may, or may not, include a horizontal portion that overlies an alternating stack of insulating layers and electrically conductive layers. Electrical shorts caused by widening of the top portion of the trench can be avoided through use of the aluminum oxide layer. Memory stack structures can extend through the alternating stack to provide a three-dimensional memory stack structure. A source region can be formed underneath the trench, and the substrate contact via structure can be employed as a source contact via structure.

Abstract: Collateral etching of a dielectric material around a trench during formation of a substrate contact via structure can be avoided employing an aluminum oxide layer. The aluminum oxide layer functions as an etch stop layer during an anisotropic etch that removes horizontal portions of an insulating material layer to form an insulating spacer. The aluminum oxide layer may be a conformal or a non-conformal material layer, and may, or may not, include a horizontal portion that overlies an alternating stack of insulating layers and electrically conductive layers. Electrical shorts caused by widening of the top portion of the trench can be avoided through use of the aluminum oxide layer. Memory stack structures can extend through the alternating stack to provide a three-dimensional memory stack structure. A source region can be formed underneath the trench, and the substrate contact via structure can be employed as a source contact via structure.

Abstract: A contact via structure can include a ruthenium portion formed by selective deposition of ruthenium on a semiconductor surface at the bottom of a contact trench. The ruthenium-containing portion can reduce contact resistance at the interface with an underlying doped semiconductor region. At least one conductive material portion can be formed in the remaining volume of the contact trench to form a contact via structure. Alternatively or additionally, a contact via structure can include a tensile stress-generating portion and a conductive material portion. In case the contact via structure is formed through an alternating stack of insulating layers and electrically conductive layers that include a compressive stress-generating material, the tensile stress-generating portion can at least partially cancel the compressive stress generated by the electrically conductive layers. The conductive material portion of the contact via structure can include a metallic material or a doped semiconductor material.

Abstract: A memory film and a semiconductor channel are formed within each memory opening that extends through a stack including an alternating plurality of insulator layers and sacrificial material layers. After formation of backside recesses through removal of the sacrificial material layers selective to the insulator layers, electrically conductive layers are formed in the backside recesses. Each electrically conductive layer includes a combination of a tensile-stress-generating metallic material and a compressive-stress-generating metallic material. The tensile-stress-generating metallic material may be ruthenium and the compressive-stress-generating metallic material may be tungsten. An anneal may be performed to provide an alloy of the compressive-stress-generating metallic material and the tensile-stress-generating metallic material.

Abstract: Methods of making a monolithic three dimensional NAND string that include forming a stack of alternating first material layers and second material layers over a substrate, where each of the second material layers includes a layer of a first silicon oxide material between two layers of a second silicon oxide material different from the first silicon oxide material, etching the stack to form a front side opening in the stack, forming a memory film over a sidewall of the front side opening, and forming a semiconductor channel in the front side opening such that at least a portion of the memory film is located between the semiconductor channel and the sidewall of the front side opening, where at least one of an air gap or a material which has a dielectric constant below 3.9 is formed between the respective two layers of second silicon oxide material.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a semiconductor structure includes forming a stack of alternating layers comprising insulating layers and spacer material layers over a semiconductor substrate, forming a memory opening through the stack, forming an aluminum oxide layer having a horizontal portion at a bottom of the memory opening and a vertical portion at least over a sidewall of the memory opening, where the horizontal portion differs from the vertical portion by at least one of structure or composition, and selectively etching the horizontal portion selective to the vertical portion.

Abstract: A method of forming a device includes forming an alternating stack of insulating layers and sacrificial material layers over a substrate, forming a memory opening extending through the alternating stack, and forming an aluminum oxide layer on sidewall surfaces of the sacrificial material layers and on sidewall surfaces of the insulating layers around the memory opening. First aluminum oxide portions of the aluminum oxide layer are located on sidewall surfaces of the sacrificial material layers, and second aluminum oxide portions of the aluminum oxide layer are located on sidewalls of the insulating layers. The method also includes removing the second aluminum oxide portions at a greater etch rate than the first aluminum oxide portions employing a selective etch process, such that all or a predominant portion of each first aluminum oxide portion remains after removal of the second aluminum oxide portions.

Abstract: Methods of making monolithic three-dimensional memory devices include performing a first etch to form a memory opening and a second etch using a different etching process to remove a damaged portion of the semiconductor substrate from the bottom of the memory opening. A single crystal semiconductor material is formed over the substrate in the memory opening using an epitaxial growth process. Additional embodiments include improving the quality of the interface between the semiconductor channel material and the underlying semiconductor layers in the memory opening which may be damaged by the bottom opening etch, including forming single crystal semiconductor channel material by epitaxial growth from the bottom surface of the memory opening and/or oxidizing surfaces exposed to the bottom opening etch and removing the oxidized surfaces prior to forming the channel material. Monolithic three-dimensional memory devices formed by the embodiment methods are also disclosed.

Abstract: A silicon-containing nucleation layer can be employed to provide a self-aligned template for selective deposition of tungsten within backside recesses during formation of a three-dimensional memory device. The silicon-containing nucleation layer may remain as a silicon layer, converted into a tungsten silicide layer, or replaced with a tungsten nucleation layer. Tungsten deposition can proceed only on the surface of the silicon-containing nucleation layer or a layer derived therefrom in a subsequent tungsten deposition process.

Abstract: A method of forming a device includes forming an alternating stack of insulating layers and sacrificial material layers over a substrate, forming a memory opening extending through the alternating stack, and forming an aluminum oxide layer on sidewall surfaces of the sacrificial material layers and on sidewall surfaces of the insulating layers around the memory opening. First aluminum oxide portions of the aluminum oxide layer are located on sidewall surfaces of the sacrificial material layers, and second aluminum oxide portions of the aluminum oxide layer are located on sidewalls of the insulating layers. The method also includes removing the second aluminum oxide portions at a greater etch rate than the first aluminum oxide portions employing a selective etch process, such that all or a predominant portion of each first aluminum oxide portion remains after removal of the second aluminum oxide portions.