Abstract: A method for orally administering vitamin preparations is described which combine vitamin B12 (B12, cobalamin) and folic acid (folate), with and without pyridoxine (B6), for preventing and treating elevated serum homocysteine (HC), cystathionine (CT), methylmalonic acid (MMA), or 2-methylcitric acid (2-MCA) levels. These metabolites have been shown to be indicative of B12 and/or folic acid deficiencies. Further, it is likely that a B6 deficiency may be present with a B12 or folate deficiency. The method of the invention is also for use in lowering serum HC, CT, MMA, or 2-MCA in patients with or at risk for neuropsychiatric, vascular, renal or hematologic diseases. One embodiment of the invention is the use of a non-prescription formulation containing 2.0 mg B12 and 0.4 mg folic acid, with and without 25 mg B6. Another embodiment uses a prescription strength formulation containing 2.0 mg B12 and 1.0 mg folic acid, with and without 25 mg B6.

Abstract: Palladium-catalyzed arylation of an olefin (e.g., ethylene) with an aromatic halide (e.g., 2-bromo-6-methoxynaphthalene, m-bromobenzophenone, or 4-isobutyl-1-bromobenzene) is conducted in specified media. After a special acid or base phase separation procedure, palladium-catalyzed carbonylation of the olefinically-substituted aromatic intermediate is conducted in specified media using CO and water or an alcohol to form arylalkylcarboxylic acid or ester or substituted arylalkylcarboxylic acid or ester (e.g., racemic 2-(6-methoxy-2-naphthyl)propionic acid, 2-(3-benzoylphenyl)propionic acid, or 2-(4-isobutylphenyl)propionic acid). Catalyst recovery procedures enabling recycle of catalyst residues and efficient recovery of amine hydrogen halide scavenger and solvent used in the arylation reaction are described, as well as novel, highly efficient methods of conducting the carbonylation reaction.

Abstract: The alpha-olefin content of mixed hydrocarbon streams is selectively utilized to produce trialkylaluminum compounds in which the alkyl groups are linear primary alkyl groups. This selective utilization is accomplished by use of a specific, highly selective low residence-time, low isomerization catalytic displacement reaction. In addition, when alpha-olefins are the desired end product, a second low residence-time catalytic displacement reaction is utilized whereby high purity alpha olefins are produced.

Abstract: Novel and very useful forms of sodium (S)-2-(6-methoxy-2-naphthyl)propionate are provided. These forms are sodium (S)-2-(6-methoxy-2-naphthyl)propionate monohydrate having an average particle size significantly larger than about 70 microns--the size of conventional sodium (S)-2-(6-methoxy-2-naphthyl)propionate--and a chiral purity of at least 98% (S)-enantiomer. Process technology enabling the production of such novel products is also described. The provision of such novel products makes possible significant improvements in processing time, plant capacity and product handling operations.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to an audio sign adapted to provide an aural message once the sign is tactilely actuated. The invention typically includes a graphical information section, a tactile information section, and a self contained audio section configured to provide aural information once tactilely actuated.

Abstract: A method for orally administering vitamin preparations is described which combine vitamin B.sub.12 (B.sub.12, cobalamin) and folic acid (folate), with and without pyridoxine (B.sub.6), for preventing and treating elevated serum homocysteine (HC), cystathionine (CT), methylmalonic acid (MMA), or 2-methylcitric acid (2-MCA) levels. These metabolites have been shown to be indicative of B.sub.12 and/or folic acid deficiencies. Further, it is likely that a B.sub.6 deficiency may be present with a B.sub.12 or folate deficiency. The method of the invention is also for use in lowering serum HC, CT, MMA, or 2-MCA in patients with or at risk for neuropsychiatric, vascular, renal or hematologic diseases. One embodiment of the invention is the use of a non-prescription formulation containing 2.0 mg B.sub.12 and 0.4 mg folic acid, with and without 25 mg B.sub.6. Another embodiment uses a prescription strength formulation containing 2.0 mg B.sub.12 and 1.0 mg folic acid, with and without 25 mg B.sub.6.

Abstract: The invention is to an electrostatic fluid filter that includes a housing, a removable array of filter elements and alternately electrically charged plates positioned parallel to the fluid flow. The charged plates are mounted between spacers each of which includes a mesh made of an insulating material and further includes a plurality of parallel guide tracks positioned on the mesh for holding the charge plates, and where each guide track is adjacent to a conductive strip which is in electrical contact with the plate in that guide track so that the plates are in electrical contact with alternately either a positive or negative electrical terminal.

Abstract: A method for orally administering vitamin preparations is described which combine vitamin B.sub.12 (B.sub.12, cobalamin) and folic acid (folate), with and without pyridoxine (B.sub.6), for preventing and treating elevated serum homocysteine (HC), cystathionine (CT), methylmalonic acid (MMA), or 2-methylcitric acid (2-MCA) levels. These metabolites have been shown to be indicative of B.sub.12 and/or folic acid deficiencies. Further, it is likely that a B.sub.6 deficiency may be present with a B.sub.12 or folate deficiency. The method of the invention is also for use in lowering serum HC, CT, MMA, or 2-MCA in patients with or at risk for neuropsychiatric, vascular, renal or hematologic diseases. One embodiment of the invention is the use of a non-prescription formulation containing 2.0 mg B.sub.12 and 0.4 mg folic acid, with and without 25 mg B.sub.6. Another embodiment uses a prescription strength formulation containing 2.0 mg B.sub.12 and 1.0 mg folic acid, with and without 25 mg B.sub.6.

Abstract: Olefin is formed by displacing alkyl groups of aluminum trialkyl by contacting ethylene with the aluminum trialkyl in an ethylene:aluminum trialkyl mol ratio in the range of 2-8:1 at about 0.degree.-70.degree. C. and at atmospheric up to about 1000 psia pressure, for a reaction time of about 0.5 to about 60 minutes in the presence of a displacement enhancing amount of a nickel- or cobalt-containing displacement catalyst. Despite the fact that the displacement reaction is an equilibrium reaction, the process does not use, as did the prior art, large excesses of ethylene to shift the equilibrium to favor displacement. Consequently, the volumes of ethylene used in the processing are reduced very substantially and yet yields of the desired displaced alpha olefin remain favorable.

Abstract: A method of diagnosing cobalamin deficiency in warm-blooded animals is described. In one embodiment, this method comprises the measurement of methylmalonic acid levels in cerebral spinal fluid to determine if such levels exceed normal range. A finding of elevated levels indicates a cobalamin deficiency. In another embodiment, the method comprises the measurement of methylmalonic acid levels in cerebral spinal fluid and serum. A finding that the ratio of methylmalonic acid in cerebral spinal fluid to that in serum is above normal is indicative of a cobalamin deficiency. Additionally, a method for assessing the effectiveness of cobalamin therapy is described. The effectiveness of therapy is assessed by determining whether cerebral spinal fluid levels of methylmalonic acid have returned to normal, or by determining whether the ratio of methylmalonic acid in cerebral spinal fluid to that in serum has returned to normal range.

Abstract: Improved methods for the GC/MS analysis of sulfhydryl amino acids and methylmalonic acids in samples of body fluids are provided. Additionally a method for combined assay of sulfhydryl amino acids particularly total homocysteine and combined creatine/creatinine levels in samples of body fluids provided. The information provided by the methods described is useful in the detection of the presence of cobalamin or folate deficiencies in individuals and in distinguishing between the two deficiencies.

Abstract: A method for screening and distinguishing between cobalamin deficiency and folic acid deficiency by relating elevated levels of cystathionine to cobalamin or folic acid deficiency and relating elevated levels of 2-methylcitric acid to cobalamin deficiency but not folic acid deficiency. The methods can be used alone or in combination with other methods for detecting and distinguishing between cobalamin deficiency and folic acid deficiency.

Abstract: An ice skate blade squaring device comprises a squaring body which is removably mountable to an ice skate blade. The squaring body includes a standard squaring line across one face thereof. Arranged on each end of the squaring line are sets of graduations which are utilized in determining the out of squareness of the skate blade. An angle is provided which is magnetically attachable to the skate blade. The angle is designed to abut against the face of the squaring body having the squaring indica thereon. Once the angle is abutted to the squaring frame, a visual determination of the intersection of a free edge of the angle with the squaring indicia permits a simple and accurate determination of the out of squareness of the ice skate blade. In another embodiment, a squaring body includes an arm pivotally mounted thereto. The arm supports a dial indicator which assists in determining the squareness of the skate blade.

Abstract: The hydrogen content of polysilicon can be reduced by heat treatment. The process is preferably conducted on polysilicon particles in bead-like form produced by chemical vapor deposition in a fluidized bed. The heat treatment is preferably conducted at a temperature of 1020.degree.-1200.degree. C. for a time from about 6 hours to about 1 hour sufficient to reduce the hydrogen content, and insufficient to cause agglomeration of the particles being treated. In order to reduce the tendency of particles to agglomerate at the process temperature employed, the particle bed is preferably maintained in motion during the dehydrogenation. The products produced by the process can have a hydrogen content of 30 ppma or less. These improved products can be used to produce monocrystalline silicon for the production of semiconductor devices.

Abstract: This invention povides to a process for making an aluminum trialkyl product which process comprises reacting a mixture comprising, (i) an aluminum alkyl feed which contains one or more aluminum alkyls represented by the formula R.sub.3 Al, where R represents a C.sub.2 to C.sub.20 straight chain alkyl radical and each R can be the same or different, the alkyl radicals in said aluminum alkyl feed having an average chain length of at least about C.sub.

Abstract: Linear 1-olefins are continuously prepared from internal olefins by (i) continuously feeding internal olefin, isomerization catalyst and tri-lower alkyl aluminum to a reaction zone so as to cause the internal olefin to isomerize to 1-olefins which displace the lower alkyl groups to form a trialkyl aluminum compound in which at least one of the alkyl groups is a linear alkyl derived from the 1-olefin, (ii) continuously removing trialkylaluminum compound from the reaction zone and, thereafter (iii) reacting the trialkyl aluminum compound with a 1-olefin so as to displace the linear alkyl from the trialkyl aluminum compound, thereby forming a linear 1-olefin product which is substantially free of internal olefins.

Abstract: The hydrogen content of polysilicon can be reduced by heat treatment. The process is preferably conducted on polysilicon particles in bead-like form produced by chemical vapor deposition in a fluidized bed. The heat treatment is preferably conducted at a temperature of 1020.degree.-1200.degree. C. for a time from about 6 hours to about 1 hour sufficient to reduce the hydrogen content, and insufficient to cause agglomeration of the particles being treated. In order to reduce the tendency of particles to agglomerate at the process temperature employed, the particle bed is preferably maintained in motion during the dehydrogenation. The products produced by the process can have a hydrogen content of 30 ppma or less. These improved products can be used to produce monocrystalline silicon for the production of semiconductor devices.

Abstract: A skate blade finishing tool includes a holder adapted to be hand-held by a user. The holder includes at least one slot therein. Arranged in the slot is a strip of leather. In use, the leather strip in the slot is rubbed along the length of a sharpened skate blade in a predetermined number of passes. The leather strip removes foreign material redeposited by skate sharpening processes and small burrs remaining on the blade surface and smooths the skate blade surfaces. When using the skate blade finishing tool to finish a skate blade, the detrimental effects of the sharpening process are removed to provide a safe skating blade that also permits improved skating performance when using the finished blade.

Abstract: This invention povides to a process for making an aluminum trialkyl product which process comprises reacting a mixture comprising, (i) an aluminum alkyl feed which contains one or more aluminum alkyls represented by the formula R.sub.3 Al, where R represents a C.sub.2 to C.sub.20 straight chain alkyl radical and each R can be the same or different, the alkyl radicals in said aluminum alkyl feed having an average chain length of at least about C.sub.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of removing impurities from a stream of silane, SiH.sub.4. Most notably, the present invention provides a method of removing ethylene from a silane stream by converting the ethylene to ethylsilane in the presence of a molecular sieve and distilling the desired silane from the ethylsilane contaminant.