Abstract: A system for communicating information from an array of sensors is disclosed. The system comprises a sensor array that includes a plurality of sensors, wherein each sensor senses a physical property of a material that is in communication with the sensor. The system further comprises signal processing circuitry associated with each sensor that integrates the output of the sensor over time and compares the integrated output to a threshold. The system further comprises a communication network coupled to the signal processing circuitry that outputs information indicating that the integrated output corresponding to a given sensor has reached the threshold.

Abstract: A system for detecting electrical properties of a molecular complex is disclosed. The system includes an electrode electrically coupled to a molecular complex that outputs an electrical signal affected by an electrical property of the molecular complex, wherein the effect of the electrical property of the molecular complex on the electrical signal is characterized by an expected bandwidth. The system further includes an integrating amplifier circuit configured to receive the electrical signal from the electrode. The integrating amplifier circuit is further configured to selectively amplify and integrate a portion of the electrical signal over time within a predetermined bandwidth, wherein the predetermined bandwidth is selected at least in part based on the expected bandwidth.

Abstract: A lead anchor includes a body defining at least one first portion of a lead lumen, the body having a first opening and a second opening. An obstructing member is disposed within the body. The obstructing member defines a second portion of the lead lumen. A spring is disposed in the body and configured and arranged to operate on the obstructing member so that the second portion of the lead lumen is coterminous with the at least one first portion of the lead lumen and forms a continuous lead path when the spring is compressed and the second portion of the lead lumen is offset from the at least one first portion of the lead lumen when the spring is not compressed.

Abstract: A lead anchor includes a body having an outer surface, a top end, a front side, a first end, and a second end opposite to the first end. The body defines a lead slot configured and arranged to receive a lead. The lead slot defines an elongated opening extending along the front side of the body from the first end to the second end. A transverse lumen extends from the top end of the body and intersects the lead slot. An exterior member is disposed around at least a portion of the body. The exterior member is formed of a biocompatible material. A fastener is disposed in the transverse lumen. The fastener is configured and arranged for fastening the received lead to the lead anchor by deforming a portion of the lead.

Abstract: Implantable electrical stimulation leads, lead anchors and suture sleeves, as well as methods of making and using the leads, lead anchors, suture sleeves and electrical stimulation systems are described. The lead anchors and suture sleeves present a number of strategies for anchoring a lead within tissue of a patient.

Abstract: Techniques for assembling a lipid bilayer on a substantially planar solid surface are described herein. In one example, a lipid material such as a lipid suspension is deposited on a substantially planar solid surface, a bubble filled with fast diffusing gas molecules is formed on the solid surface, and the gas molecules are allowed to diffuse out of the bubble to form a lipid bilayer on the solid surface.

Abstract: Techniques for identifying a portion of a molecule are described herein. In one example, multiple electrical measurements associated with a molecule are acquired, wherein each of the multiple electrical measurements corresponds to a discrete position of the molecule within a nanopore. The multiple electrical measurements are correlated with one or more sequences of electrical measurements corresponding to a possible structure of the molecule. The portion of molecule is determined to include the possible structure of the molecule based on the correlation.

Abstract: In accordance with the present inventions, anchoring devices for a lead (e.g., a neurostimulation lead) placed on solid tissue (e.g., fascia) and methods of anchoring the lead relative to the tissue are provided. Such methods may include inserting the lead into an epidural space and coupling the lead to a neurostimulation.

Abstract: The present invention provides new processes for the preparation of unsubstituted and substituted 4-amino-2-(2,6-dioxopiperidin-3-yl)isoindoline-1,3-dione compounds which are useful, for example, for preventing or treating diseases or conditions related to an abnormally high level or activity of TNF-?. The invention can provide improved and/or efficient processes for the commercial production of unsubstituted and substituted 4-amino-2-(2,6-dioxopiperidin-3-yl)isoindoline-1,3-dione compounds, including, but not limited to, unsubstituted 4-amino-2-(2,6-dioxopiperidin-3-yl)isoindoline-1,3-dione.

Abstract: Techniques for characterizing a molecule are described herein. In one example, a portion of the molecule is trapped in a nanopore, a variable voltage is applied across the nanopore until the trapped portion of molecule is moved within the nanopore, and the molecule is characterized based on the electrical stimulus required to affect movement of at least a portion of the trapped portion of the molecule within the nanopore.

Abstract: Techniques for manipulating a molecule in a nanopore embedded in a lipid bilayer are described. In one example, an acquiring electrical stimulus level is applied across a lipid bilayer wherein a region of the lipid bilayer containing the nanopore is characterized by a resistance and wherein the acquiring electrical stimulus level tends to draw the molecule from a surrounding fluid into the nanopore, a change in the resistance of the lipid bilayer resulting from the acquisition of at least a portion of a molecule into the nanopore is detected, the acquiring electrical stimulus level is changed to a holding electrical stimulus level wherein the portion of the molecule remains in the nanopore upon the changing of the acquiring electrical stimulus level to the holding electrical stimulus level.

Abstract: Techniques for forming a nanopore in a lipid bilayer are described herein. In one example, an agitation stimulus level such as an electrical agitation stimulus is applied to a lipid bilayer wherein the agitation stimulus level tends to facilitate the formation of nanopores in the lipid bilayer. In some embodiments, a change in an electrical property of the lipid bilayer resulting from the formation of the nanopore in the lipid bilayer is detected, and a nanopore has formed in the lipid bilayer is determined based on the detected change in the lipid bilayer electrical property.

Abstract: The present invention provides new processes for the preparation of unsubstituted and substituted 4-amino-2-(2,6-dioxopiperidin-3-yl)isoindoline-1,3-dione compounds which are useful, for example, for preventing or treating diseases or conditions related to an abnormally high level or activity of TNF-?. The invention can provide improved and/or efficient processes for the commercial production of unsubstituted and substituted 4-amino-2-(2,6-dioxopiperidin-3-yl)isoindoline-1,3-dione compounds, including, but not limited to, unsubstituted 4-amino-2-(2,6-dioxopiperidin-3-yl)isoindoline-1,3-dione.

Abstract: A lead anchor includes a body defining a lead lumen having a first opening and a second opening through which a lead can pass. The body further defines a transverse lumen that intersects the lead lumen. An exterior member is disposed around at least a portion of the body. The exterior member is formed of a biocompatible material. A fastener anchors the lead to the body through the transverse lumen by deforming a portion of the lead. The transverse lumen is configured and arranged to receive the fastener. At least at least two suture tabs extend from the exterior member and are configured and arranged for receiving a suture to suture the lead anchor to patient tissue.

Abstract: A secondary battery includes a battery case configured subject to the configuration of a conventional 9V or 1.5V battery and a battery body and a battery charger mounted in the battery case. The battery charger controls the battery body for charging and voltage output, and provides a USB socket as charging interface and positive and negative electrodes as discharging interface. Thus, the secondary battery is connectable to a USB plug of a cell phone battery charger or computer for charging, and can be installed in an electric product like a conventional battery cell to provide DC power to the electric product. Under the provision of current detection function and voltage adjusting function, the 1.5V secondary battery can be connected in series or in parallel with one or a number of micro resistor-provided virtual batteries to output a voltage subject to its linking arrangement.

Abstract: A device for brain stimulation includes a lead body having a longitudinal surface and a distal end. The device further includes at least one ring array. The at least one ring array includes a plurality of split ring electrodes disposed on the distal end of the lead body. Each of the plurality of split ring electrodes includes a stimulating portion and a base portion coupled to the stimulating portion. The split ring electrodes of the at least one ring array are arranged about the circumference of the lead body. At least a portion of the base portion of at least one of the plurality of split ring electrodes is disposed below, and insulated from, at least a portion of the stimulating portion of another of the plurality of split electrodes.

Abstract: A device for brain stimulation includes a lead having a longitudinal surface and a distal end. The lead includes a longitudinal rail disposed within the distal end of the lead. The longitudinal rail includes at least two prongs, each prong being configured and arranged to receive at least one segmented electrode. The lead further includes a plurality of segmented electrodes disposed along the longitudinal surface of the lead near the distal end of the lead. Each of the plurality of segmented electrodes is coupled to one of the at least two prongs of the rail.

Abstract: A lead anchor includes a body defining at least one first portion of a lead lumen, the body having a first opening and a second opening. An obstructing member is disposed within the body. The obstructing member defines a second portion of the lead lumen. A spring is disposed in the body and configured and arranged to operate on the obstructing member so that the second portion of the lead lumen is coterminous with the at least one first portion of the lead lumen and forms a continuous lead path when the spring is compressed and the second portion of the lead lumen is offset from the at least one first portion of the lead lumen when the spring is not compressed.

Abstract: The present invention concerns new processes for the preparation of substituted 2-(2,6-dioxopiperidin-3-yl)-1-oxoisoindolines which are useful for preventing or treating diseases or conditions related to an abnormally high level or activity of TNF?. The invention provides processes for the commercial production of substituted 2-(2,6-dioxopiperidin-3-yl)-1-oxoisoindolines including, but not limited to, the therapeutically active 3-(4-amino-1-oxoisoindolin-2-yl)piperidine-2,6-dione.

Abstract: A lead anchor includes a body defining a lead lumen having a first opening and a second opening through which a lead can pass. The body further defines a transverse lumen that intersects the lead lumen. An exterior member is disposed around at least a portion of the body. The exterior member is formed of a biocompatible material. A fastener anchors the lead to the body through the transverse lumen by deforming a portion of the lead. The transverse lumen is configured and arranged to receive the fastener. At least one suture element is defined by the exterior member and is configured and arranged for receiving a suture to suture the lead anchor to patient tissue.