Abstract: A method for determining a characteristic of material at a target is provided. A target is illuminated with a pulsed light source. A fluorescence signal from the target when the pulsed light source is an “off” state is then sensed. Based on analysis of the fluorescence signal, a characteristic of material at the target is identified. A device can then be controlled based on the identified characteristic of the material at the target.

Abstract: Systems, devices, and methods for delivering laser energy to a target in an endoscopic procedure are disclosed. An exemplary method comprises providing a first laser pulse train and a different second laser pulse train emitting from a distal end of an endoscope and incident on a target. The first laser pulse train has a first laser energy level, and the second laser pulse train has a second laser energy level higher than the first laser energy level. In an example, the first laser pulse train is used to form cracks on a surface of a calculi structure, and the second laser pulse train causes fragmentation of the calculi structure after the cracks are formed.

Abstract: A probe of a target identification system can be extended via a first lumen of a viewing instrument, such as for illuminating an area beyond a distal end of the viewing instrument via an optical path of the viewing instrument. An optical response to the illumination of the area can be received via an optical path of the probe and can be split from other optical signals of the optical path. The optical response information can be used to identify characteristics of a target and to adjust parameters of a working instrument such as a working instrument contemporaneously using the probe.

Abstract: A system for endoscopically imaging a first target of a patient, using a light source and a light detector, and for laser-treating a same or different second target of the patient, using a laser source, the system. For example, the system can have at least signal processing circuitry, which can include a target response signal laser-source flashing component detector and a flashing analyzer.

Abstract: The endoscope has an insertion portion, an imaging unit, and a member formed in a given dimension. The insertion portion has an apical portion, an actively curvable portion, and a treatment device channel. The actively curvable portion is located on the proximal side of the apical portion. The treatment device channel is positioned along the longitudinal axis of the insertion portion. The insertion portion is formed of resin. One or more radiopaque members, formed of knowns dimensions, are coated on a surface of the insertion portion or placed in, buried or covered laterally in the insertion portion. The X-ray transmittance of the radiopaque members is different from the X-ray transmittance of the resin forming the insertion portion.

Abstract: A probe of a target identification system can be extended via a first lumen of a viewing instrument, such as for illuminating an area beyond a distal end of the viewing instrument via an optical path of the viewing instrument. An optical response to the illumination of the area can be received via an optical path of the probe and can be split from other optical signals of the optical path. The optical response information can be used to identify characteristics of a target and to adjust parameters of a working instrument such as a working instrument contemporaneously using the probe.

Abstract: Systems, devices, and methods for identifying a target in vivo are disclosed. A target identification system for use in electrosurgery includes a probe, an optical splitter, and a spectroscopy system. The probe includes an optical pathway to pass a first optical signal to an anatomical target and at least a portion of a second optical signal from the anatomical target. The optical splitter includes a first port to direct the first optical signal to the optical pathway and to receive the at least a portion of the second optical signal from the optical pathway, a second port to receive the first optical signal, and a parabolic reflector to redirect the portion of the second optical signal. The spectroscopy system can identify a characteristic of the anatomical target based on the redirected at least a portion of the second optical signal.

Abstract: A probe of a target identification system can be extended via a first lumen of a viewing instrument, such as for illuminating an area beyond a distal end of the viewing instrument via an optical path of the viewing instrument. An optical response to the illumination of the area can be received via an optical path of the probe and can be split from other optical signals of the optical path. The optical response information can be used to identify characteristics of a target and to adjust parameters of a working instrument such as a working instrument contemporaneously using the probe.

Abstract: Systems, devices, and methods for identifying a target in vivo are disclosed. A target identification system for use in electrosurgery includes a probe, an optical splitter, and a spectroscopy system. The probe includes an optical pathway to pass a first optical signal to an anatomical target and at least a portion of a second optical signal from the anatomical target. The optical splitter includes a first port to direct the first optical signal to the optical pathway and to receive the at least a portion of the second optical signal from the optical pathway, a second port to receive the first optical signal, and a parabolic reflector to redirect the portion of the second optical signal. The spectroscopy system can identify a characteristic of the anatomical target based on the redirected at least a portion of the second optical signal.

Abstract: Systems, devices, and methods for temperature and pressure management of an anatomic site are provided. A system can include a scope configured to provide a view of an anatomic site, an energy delivery device configured to deliver therapy energy to the anatomic site, a first irrigation conduit configured to transfer fluid to the anatomic site, a first temperature sensor situated to provide first temperature data associated with the anatomic site, and control circuitry electrically coupled to receive the first temperature data, the control circuitry being configured to adjust, based at least in part on the first temperature data, at least one of (i) a first temperature of the fluid, (ii) a flow parameter of the fluid, or (iii) a setting of the energy delivery device to manage a second temperature of the anatomic site.

Abstract: Various examples disclosed relate to temperature monitoring of medical probes. The present disclosure includes a medical device including a medical probe and one or more luminescent marks. The medical probe can include a distal portion configured for at least partial insertion into a patient. The one or more luminescent marks can be located on the distal portion of the probe and have a luminescent characteristic correlative to temperature, when illuminated. The luminescent characteristic can provide an indication of the temperature at an internal site of the patient.

Abstract: A composition of a biological sample, such as tissue of a patient, can be estimated during an ablation procedure. A composition detector system can include a probe, an illumination source, and a spectrometer. A distal end of a probe can convey mechanical, acoustical, or ultrasonic energy to the tissue to ablate the tissue. The probe can extend through a working channel of a viewing scope. An illumination source can illuminate a portion of the tissue at the distal end of the probe or as the portion is being evacuated and collected for disposal. The illumination can generate response illumination from the portion of the tissue. The spectrometer can receive the response illumination, analyze the response illumination, and provide an estimate of the composition of the portion of tissue.

Abstract: Techniques for identifying composition of an anatomical target using a series of different colored light sources are provided. In an example, a method can include emitting light from multiple illumination sources, receiving an illumination response from an anatomical target at an optical sensor, providing an image representative of the anatomical target, and providing spectral intensity information of the illumination response in addition to the image. Each illumination source can emit light having a range of frequencies centered about a different frequency than each other illumination source.

Abstract: Systems, devices, and methods for automatic control of laser treatment of target structure in a body of a subject based on acoustic feedback in response to delivery of laser energy to the target are disclosed. An exemplary laser energy delivery system comprises a laser system to direct laser energy at a body target, and a controller circuit to receive an acoustic signal in response to delivery of laser energy to the target, and to measure acoustic properties from the acoustic signal. The control circuit may generate control signals for controlling the laser system to adjust laser energy output, or for controlling an actuator to adjust a position of a laser fiber distal end relative to the target to achieve a desired therapeutic effect.

Abstract: Systems, devices, and methods for endoscopic mapping of a target and tracking of endoscope locations inside a subject's body during a procedure are disclosed. An exemplary system comprises an imaging system configured to capture an endoscopic image of the target that includes a footprint of an aiming beam directed at the target, and a video processor configured to identifying one or more landmarks from the captured endoscopic image and determine their respective locations relative to the aiming beam footprint, and generate a target map by integrating a plurality of endoscopic images based on landmarks identified from one or more of the plurality of endoscopic images. The target map can be used to track endoscope location during an endoscopic procedure.

Abstract: A probe of a target identification system can be extended via a first lumen of a viewing instrument, such as for illuminating an area beyond a distal end of the viewing instrument via an optical path of the viewing instrument. An optical response to the illumination of the area can be received via an optical path of the probe and can be split from other optical signals of the optical path. The optical response information can be used to identify characteristics of a target and to adjust parameters of a working instrument such as a working instrument contemporaneously using the probe.

Abstract: A reverse retropulsion device can include a lithotripter, a collection passage, and an energy directing device. The lithotripter can be configured to deliver energy to tissue located at a tissue forming region. The collection passage can be positionable at or near the body lumen. The energy directing device can be positionable near the lithotripter and the collection passage. The energy directing device can be configured to propel the tissue toward the collection passage.

Abstract: Systems, devices, and methods for delivering laser energy to a target in an endoscopic procedure are disclosed. An exemplary method comprises providing a first laser pulse train and a different second laser pulse train emitting from a distal end of an endoscope and incident on a target. The first laser pulse train has a first laser energy level, and the second laser pulse train has a second laser energy level higher than the first laser energy level. In an example, the first laser pulse train is used to form cracks on a surface of a calculi structure, and the second laser pulse train causes fragmentation of the calculi structure after the cracks are formed.

Abstract: Systems, devices, and methods for identifying a target during an endoscopic procedure are disclosed. An endoscopic target identification system includes an endoscope having an endoscopic illumination source, an optical fiber insertable through a working channel of the endoscope and coupled to a non-endoscopic illumination source different from the endoscopic illumination source, and a controller. The controller can send a control signal to the non-endoscopic illumination source to emit a diagnostic beam through the optical fiber when the at least one endoscopic illumination source changes from a first mode to a second mode. The second mode has a lower amount of illumination than the first mode. The controller can determine a composition of a target based on the diagnostic beam incident on the target and light from the diagnostic beam being reflected from the target.

Abstract: A probe of a target identification system can be extended via a first lumen of a viewing instrument, such as for illuminating an area beyond a distal end of the viewing instrument via an optical path of the viewing instrument. An optical response to the illumination of the area can be received via an optical path of the probe and can be split from other optical signals of the optical path. The optical response information can be used to identify characteristics of a target and to adjust parameters of a working instrument such as a working instrument contemporaneously using the probe.