Abstract: This invention relates to a separating pawl installed in a copying machine wherein at least an edge of the separating pawl is composed of an amorphous carbon layer; the edge of the separating pawl being in contact with a surface of a photosensitive member on a surface of a fixing roller to separate a sheet like member.

Abstract: A cleaning device having a cleaning blade which has its forward end pressed into contact with the surface of an organic photosensitive member rotating at a peripheral speed of at least about 26 cm/sec to scrape off and remove residual developer from the surface of the photosensitive member. The contact face of the cleaning blade in contact with the photosensitive member makes a contact angle of about 9.5 to 14.5 degrees with a tangent line to the photosensitive member at the point of contact on one side of the blade toward the direction of rotation of the photosensitive member. The cleaning blade is pressed into contact with the photosensitive member with a force of about 0.1 to 10 g/mm. This prevents the cleaning blade from becoming reversed to entail improper cleaning or to impede the rotation of the photosensitive member.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of plasma-polymerization at low temperature (from normal temperature to about 100.degree. C.) and that at low frequency.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a developer such as a toner and/or carrier for use in electrophotographic developing processes, and more specifically relates to a developer containing halogenated amorphous carbon particles prepared by plasma-polymerization, wherein the particles may take two forms, i.e., one with seed particles which is coated with the plasma-polymerized film containing at least carbon and halogen or the other without the seed particles which is formed by plasma-reacting carbon and halogen.

Abstract: The disclosure discloses a photosensitive member comprising an electrically conductive substrate, an organic photoconductive layer comprising an organic material as a matrix, and an overcoat layer comprising an amorphous carbon as a matrix and formed on said organic photoconductive layer. Said overcoat layer comprises a first overcoat layer containing fluorine atoms in an amount of about 5 atomic % or more and a second overcoat layer formed on said first overcoat layer and containing fluorine atoms in an amount of less than about 5 atomic %. Said overcoat layer has a thickness of about 0.01 to about 4.0 microns and said second overcoat layer has a thickness of about 10 to about 400 angstroms.The disclosure also discloses a process for manufacturing the above-mentioned photosensitive member.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a photosensitive member having an a-C layer as a charge transporting layer, which a-C layer is specified in the ratio of the number of saturated carbon bonding with hydrogen to the number of saturated carbon not bonding with hydrogen or in the ratio of the number of unsaturated carbon bonding with hydrogen to the number of unsaturated carbon not bonding with hydrogen; the photosensitive member has an excellent charge transportability as well as a chargeability.

Abstract: The practice of this invention provides a photosensitive member which comprises a charge transporting layer and a charge generating layer, said charge transporting layer comprising amorphous carbon containing hydrogen, said amorphous carbon comprising hydrogen bonded carbon N.sub.1, and carbon N.sub.2 free from linking with hydrogen, the ratio of the amount of N.sub.1 to that of N.sub.2 being 1:0.1 to 1:1, and said hydrogen being contained in an amount of 20 to 67 atomic %;or said amorphous carbon comprising unsaturated carbon N.sub.3 linked with hydrogen and saturated carbon N.sub.4 linked with hydrogen, the ratio of the amount of N.sub.3 to that of N.sub.4 being 1:1 to 1:16, said hydrogen being contained in an amount of 20 to 67 atomic %;or said amorphous carbon comprising unsaturated compound N.sub.5 free from linking with hydrogen and saturated carbon N.sub.6 free from linking with hydrogen, the ratio of the amount of N.sub.5 to that of N.sub.5 being 1:20 to 1:0.

Abstract: The invention provides a new electrostatic recording member with a memorizable switching layer comprising an organic compound having a metal complex structure and/or a metal chelate structure and an electrostatic latent image forming process therewith.An electrostatic recording member of the invention can copy the same images on many sheets of paper once electrostatic latent images are formed on the electrostatic recording member.

Abstract: A liquid-drop ejection apparatus for supplying a discharged fluid to a nozzle from a storage device and utilizing a magnetic fluid for ejecting the fluid in the form of drops from a discharge opening is disclosed.

Abstract: The practice of this invention provides a photosensitve member which comprises a charge transporting layer and a charge generating layer, said charge transporting layer essentially consisting of plasma-polymerized layer of amorphous material having carbon atoms constituting methyl group in a ratio of 20 to 60% against all the carbon atoms therein. The photosensitve member obtained thereby is excellent in charge-transporting property and chargeability and, moreover, exhibits advantages in corona resistance and resistances to acids, moisture and heat and also in physical properties such as stiffness.

Abstract: The practice of this invention provides a photosensitive member which comprises a charge transporting layer and a charge generating layer, said charge transporting layer essentially consists of a plasma-polymerized layer of amorphous material comprising methyl group and methylene group in the ratio of the number of the former to the number of the latter being 0.5:1 to 3:1. The photosensitive member obtained thereby is excellent in charge-transporting property and chargeability and, moreover, exhibits advantages corona resistance and resistances to acids, moisture and heat and also in physical properties such as stiffness.

Abstract: The practice of this invention provides a photosensitive member which comprises a charge generating layer, and a plasma-polymerized layer, wherein said plasma-polymerized layer having an infrared absorption spectrum of a ratio of coefficients of absorptivities attributed to methyl group (--CH.sub.3) to those of methylene group (--CH.sub.2 --), and is a coefficient of absorptivity attributed to methylene group (--CH.sub.2 --) at about 2925 cm.sup.-1. The photosensitive member obtained thereby is excellent in charge-transporting property and chargeability and, moreover, exhibits advantages in corona resistance and resistances to acids, moisture and heat and also in physical properties such as stiffness.

Abstract: A photosensitive member of the present invention comprises an electrically conductive substrate, a charge generating layer and a charge transporting layer comprising amorphous carbon which contains hydrogen.The charge transporting layer contains about 0.1 to about 25 atomic % of halogen based on all the constituent atoms therein, and in addition to halogen, oxygen and/or nitrogen may be contained in the charge transporting layer.The photosensitive member of this construction is excellent in electrophotographic characteristics inclusive of charge tranportability and charging ability.

Abstract: The digital printing apparatus of this invention including ink retaining member of which the surface has a multiplicity of minute ink-wettable dot surfaces being formed as arranged with a fixed pitch in the direction of width of the recording paper. These dot surfaces are enclosed with ink-repellent surfaces. When ink is applied to the entire surface of the ink retaining member, the ink is raised only on the dot surfaces. The digital printing apparatus of this invention is provided with a multiplicity of control electrodes arranged in at least one line as spaced with a fixed pitch equalling the pitch with which the dot surfaces are spaced in the aforementioned direction. When an electrostatic force is applied between selected ones of the control electrodes and the corresponding dot surfaces, the prominences of ink held on the dot surfaces are caused to fly toward the control electrodes and land on the recording paper held between the control electrodes and the ink retaining member.

Abstract: A photosensitive member of the present invention comprises an electrically conductive substrate, a charge generating layer and a charge transporting layer comprising amorphous carbon which contains hydrogen.The charge transporting layer contains about 0.1 to about 7 atomic % of oxygen and/or about 0.1 to about 5 atomic % of nitrogen based on all the constituent atoms therein.The photosensitive member of this construction is excellent in electrophotographic characteristics inclusive of charge transportability and charging ability.

Abstract: A method for sensing the color of incident light with a color sensing device, the color sensing device being a photoelectric device comprising an n-type or p-type amorphous silicon layer, being characterized in the following steps; measuring a first photocurrent of the photoelectric device generated by incident light when an electrical voltage having a predetermined parity is applied thereto; measuring a second photocurrent of the photoelectric device generated by the same incident light when another electrical voltage having a parity opposite to the predetermined parity is applied thereto, calculating the ratio of the first photocurrent to the second photocurrent; and identifying the color of incident light according to the ratio obtained.

Abstract: A photosensitive member of the present invention comprises an electrically conductive substrate, a photoconductive layer and an overcoat layer.The photoconductive layer comprises selenium-arsenic alloy layer, or selenium layer and selenium-tellurium layer formed in this order. The overcoat layer comprises amorphous carbon containing hydrogen and contains a kind of atom selected from the group consisting of halogen, oxygen and nitrogen.The photosensitive member of this construction is harmless and excellent in electrophotographic characteristics inclusive of durability and surface hardness.

Abstract: The present invention provides a photosensitive member comprising a carrier transporting layer of hydrogen-containing carbon, which is excellent in a charge transportability, a chargeability, a rigidity and resistances to corona, acid, moisture and heat, and has so small residual potential.

Abstract: The present invention provides a photosensitive member comprising a carrier transporting layer of hydrogen-containing carbon and an adhesive layer of hydrogen-containing carbon, said adhesive layer comprising at least one element selected from silicon, germanium and aluminum. The photosensitive member of the present invention is excellent in a charge transporting property, an adhesive property of a substrate with a hydrogen-containing layer, a chargeability, a rigidity and resistances to corona, acid, moisture and heat.

Abstract: The present invention provides a new photosensitive member which comprises a hydrogen-containing carbon undercoat layer controlled in the polarity by an element of IIIA or VA group, a hydrogen-containing C:H charge transporting layer and a charge generating layer, which has an excellent charge transortability, a charging ability, and preventing properties of charge injection and of increase of residual potential.