Abstract: Rupture of distance holding members, aback substrate or a front substrate attributed to atmospheric pressure is suppressed in a display device in which, between the back substrate having cathode lines and plate-member control electrodes and the front substrate, a large number of distance holding members, which maintain distance between the substrates, are mounted in an erect manner. At portions where the distance holding members are brought into contact with the back substrate and/or the front substrate, a buffering/fixing material, which is constituted of a buffering material having high resiliency and an adhesive, is interposed for dispersing the atmospheric pressure applied from the back substrate and the front substrate substantially uniformly. Further, the distance holding members are fixed between the back substrate and the front substrate by a heat treatment and a pressurizing step.

Abstract: A first communication apparatus stores at least one frequency band influencing a reduction in transmission rate of a communication apparatus being present on an adjacent line adjacent to a communication line and including a range which is higher than an operation frequency band used by the communication apparatus in a storing unit. The first communication apparatus suppresses a transmission output of a signal in the frequency band stored in the storing unit to output a signal to the communication line.

Abstract: An apparatus for manufacturing an iron core comprising: a plate thickness measurement unit for measuring a thickness of the strip as an intermediate product of the iron core; an inlet guide for positioning the strip in a widthwise direction thereof; a mil roll unit for performing a rolling-bending process to the strip fed out of the inlet guide; a restraint jig for shaping the strip fed out of the mil unit and holding a curvature thereof constant; and a curvature measurement unit for measuring a curvature of the strip to which the rolling-bending process has been performed by using said mill roll. Position control of the inlet guide, the pressure roll unit, and the restraint jig is performed based on at least one of the plate thickness and the curvature of the strip.

Abstract: A display device includes a front substrate having an anode and fluorescent materials on an inner surface, and a back substrate having a plurality of cathode lines and include electron sources, and a plurality of control electrodes allow electrons from the electron sources to emit to the front substrate side, on an inner surface thereof. The back substrate is arranged to face the front substrate in an opposed manner with a given gap therebetween, and an outer frame for holding the given gap is interposed between the front substrate and the back substrate and extends around the display region. An inner frame is arranged outside the display region and inside the outer frame, and a getter is provided between the outer frame and the inner frame.

Abstract: An apparatus for manufacturing an iron core comprising: a plate thickness measurement unit for measuring a thickness of the strip as an intermediate product of the iron core; an inlet guide for positioning the strip in a widthwise direction thereof; a mil roll unit for performing a rolling-bending process to the strip fed out of the inlet guide; a restraint jig for shaping the strip fed out of the mil unit and holding a curvature thereof constant; and a curvature measurement unit for measuring a curvature of the strip to which the rolling-bending process has been performed by using said mill roll. Position control of the inlet guide, the pressure roll unit, and the restraint jig is performed based on at least one of the plate thickness and the curvature of the strip.

Abstract: To obtain a paste for electron sources which can enhance heat resistance of carbon nanotubes, which can suppress burn-out of the carbon nanotubes even during heating at a high temperature, and can exhibit a high electron emission performance, boron (B) is added to the paste formed of the carbon nanotubes and metal. Due to the addition of boron, the oxidation of the carbon nanotubes can be suppressed, and the degradation of the electron emission characteristics and the degradation of the uniformity of the emission of electrons during the heating process such as baking can be prevented.

Abstract: A display device includes a face substrate which has anodes and phosphors on an inner surface thereof, a back substrate which has cathode lines and electron sources formed on the cathode lines, a support body which is interposed between both substrates such that the support body surrounds a display region and forms a given inner space, and a sealing material which hermetically seals the support body and both substrates. To enable the display device to produce a high quality display and have a long lifetime while ensuring the conduction in a wide range between the cathode lines and the electron sources, the cathode lines are made of a material having a conductor and an insulator, and the composition of a connecting portion between the cathode line and the electron source is formed such that the conductor occupancy rate becomes equal to or more than the insulator occupancy rate.

Abstract: A display device includes a back substrate having a plurality of cathode lines, and a plurality of control electrodes, which are insulated from the cathode lines on an inner surface thereof, and a front substrate which is arranged to face the back substrate in an opposed manner with a set distance therebetween, and which has phosphors and an anode which constitute a display region, on an inner surface thereof. Distance holding members are provided for maintaining the set distance between the back substrate and the front substrate inside of the display region. The phosphors are constituted of three colors, and the cathode lines are formed into groups each consisting of three cathode lines corresponding to the three colors. The plurality of cathode lines include line portions and cathode portions which are wider than the line portions. Electron sources are formed on the cathode portions.

Abstract: In an image display device that utilizes field emission and has electron sources made of carbon nanotube or the like, a break attributable to a wiring pattern of thin lines is controlled. Cathode spots and cathode lines are formed independently of each other so that even if one cathode spot is broken, all the cathode lines may become defective. Specifically, each of the cathode spots includes an electron emission layer and a cathode base bearing the electron emission layer. The cathode lines are formed separately. Each cathode spot is electrically coupled to a cathode line via a cathode branchline. Owing to the structure, even if part of the electron emission layer is broken, the other part thereof coupled to the cathode lines will not be adversely affected.

Abstract: In an image display apparatus using an FED or an organic EL element, image display that is high in illumination uniformity and high in image quality can be performed. A display element with a matrix structure which conducts linear sequential driving which determines the luminance by a current is used, a threshold voltage of a cathode line immediately before one select period has been terminated where a control electrode line is sequentially driven is measured by a threshold voltage measuring section, the measured threshold voltage is recorded for each of the pixels, and a driving signal at the time of selecting the pixel is corrected by using the value of the recorded threshold voltage, to thereby control electric charge that is emitted from a cathode.

Abstract: A field emission type display device has a structure in which each pixel is constituted of a combination of a plurality of small apertures and a plurality of small electron sources. Due to such a constitution, it is possible to reduce undesired impact of electrons on control electrodes and the enhancement of the heat resistance of the carbon nanotubes of electron sources, whereby it is possible to obtain a display device of high quality and long lifetime, while exhibiting a high-performance electron emission characteristic. Boron (B) is adhered to carbon nanotubes, which constitute electron sources, through the small apertures of the control electrodes; and, hence, the alignment of the small apertures and the small electron sources is ensured and the area of the electron source is set to be equal to or less than the area of the aperture.

Abstract: This invention relates to a field-emission-type flat-panel display apparatus that obtains an image by causing the electrons emitted from each of electron sources arranged in matrix form to impinge upon the phosphors formed on a phosphor screen. A carbon nanotube is used as an electron source material in this flat-panel display apparatus, and the electron sources are formed by printing. The vertical sizes of the depressions and projections on the surface of each electron source which has been formed by printing are suppressed to a value equal to or less than 1 ?m, preferably, equal to or less than 0.5 ?m. This makes it possible to obtain a flat-panel display apparatus of stable emission characteristics.

Abstract: There is provided a monocycle provided with a handle portion, enabling to apply brake and enabling to carry out a variety of play capable of dealing with jumping or the like by providing a suspension at a wheel. The monocycle 1 is provided with a wheel 3 constituted by a rim 32 of a predetermined diameter having a tire 31, an axle 33 arranged at a center portion of the rim 32, and a connecting piece 34 for connecting the rim 32 and the axle 33, pedals 5, 5 capable of driving to rotate the axle 33 of the wheel 3, a frame portion 7 pivotably fixed with the axle 33 at one end side thereof, a handle portion 9 connected to a base portion 72 of the frame portion 7, and a saddle portion 11 connected to the base portion 72 of the frame portion 7. The handle portion 9 is slidably and fixably provided at the base portion 72 of the frame portion 7. The handle portion 9 and a saddle 113 of the saddle portion 11 are arranged at a predetermined angle therebetween.

Abstract: To obtain a paste for electron sources which can enhance heat resistance of carbon nanotubes, which can suppress burn-out of the carbon nanotubes even during heating at a high temperature, and can exhibit a high electron emission performance, boron (B) is added to the paste formed of the carbon nanotubes and metal. Due to the addition of boron, the oxidation of the carbon nanotubes can be suppressed, and the degradation of the electron emission characteristics and the degradation of the uniformity of the emission of electrons during the heating process such as baking can be prevented.

Abstract: A display device includes a back substrate having a plurality of cathode lines, and a plurality of control electrodes, which are insulated from the cathode lines on an inner surface thereof, and a front substrate which is arranged to face the back substrate in an opposed manner with a set distance therebetween, and which has phosphors and an anode which constitute a display region, on an inner surface thereof. Distance holding members are provided for maintaining the set distance between the back substrate and the front substrate inside of the display region. The phosphors are constituted of three colors, and the cathode lines are formed into groups each consisting of three cathode lines corresponding to the three colors. The plurality of cathode lines include line portions and cathode portions which are wider than the line portions. Electron sources are formed on the cathode portions.

Abstract: An image display device in which a damage which is imparted to carbon nanotubes is small and electron emission characteristics are favorable and a production method thereof are provided. A printed film 6 having carbon nanotubes 3, a resin 4 and a carbon component 5 is formed on a cathode electrode 2 of a glass substrate 1 and, then, by irradiating laser having a short pulse and high output in an ultraviolet region on the thus-formed printed film 6, the resin 4 is thermally decomposed and evaporated and, thereafter, by an impact generated at that time, binding between carbon nanotubes 3 themselves in the vicinity of a surface of the printed film 6 is severed and, at the same time, the carbon nanotubes 3 come to be in a state of being raised on the surface of the printed film 6.

Abstract: Two electrodes out of a cathode electrode, a gate electrode and a focusing gate electrode are formed on a same plane of a back substrate adjacent to each other, and this electrode structure is stacked in plural stages whereby the number of steps of printing process for forming the respective electrodes can be decreased and the alignment accuracy at the time of manufacturing the electrode structure can be largely alleviated. Further, by forming the cathode electrode and the gate electrode using the same material which contains carbon nanotubes, the alignment accuracy at the time of manufacturing the electrode structure can be largely alleviated. Accordingly, it is possible to manufacture an emissive flat panel display device easily and at a low cost using printing coating process or the like which is usually used.

Abstract: The present invention provides a display device which can sufficiently ensure spaces for mounting distance holding members 5 when the distance holding members 5 are mounted, can facilitate the assembling and can realize the electron emission characteristics of high performance. At least two different types of gaps b, c (b<c) are provided among cathode lines 2 (2R, 2G, 2B) and the distance holding members 5 are mounted at portions of the gaps c having a larger size whereby the space for mounting the distance holding members 5 can be sufficiently ensured.

Abstract: A vehicular alternator is provided which can effectively utilize the magnetic flux of a permanent magnet disposed between claw-type magnetic poles and can improve an output of the alternator. The vehicular alternator comprises a rotor and a stator constituted by coiling stator windings over a stator core, the rotor comprising a pair of claw-type magnetic poles arranged in an opposed relation, a permanent magnet disposed between adjacent two of a plurality of claws provided on the pair of claw-type magnetic poles, and field windings coiled radially inward of the plurality of claws. Each of the plurality of claws of the rotor is formed to have a shape coming into contact with the whole of a magnetic pole surface of the permanent magnet.

Abstract: In a display device, to ensure sufficient electron source regions on cathode lines formed on a back substrate, cathode lines are divided into line portions and cathode portions, wherein the line portions are made narrow to a width which is a required minimum for transmitting signals, and the area of the cathode portions which form an electron source has a wide island shape. Further, a plurality of cathode lines are formed into groups, and respective cathode portions are formed at positions corresponding to electron passing apertures formed in the control electrodes. Also, the gap between the wiring portions is made small, so that a relatively large space is ensured between neighboring groups of the cathode lines. Thus, the tolerance in mounting the control electrodes and the tolerance in mounting the distance holding members can be increased, whereby the alignment between electron passing apertures and cathode lines is facilitated.