Abstract: Provided is a new crystal A of optically active 4-amino-3-(4-chlorophenyl)butanoic acid which is far better in stability, and a process for producing the crystal and a process for producing the crystal A comprising a step of heating the following crystal B in water having a pH of 3 to 9: crystal A: a crystal of optically active 4-amino-3-(4-chlorophenyl)butanoic acid which has diffraction peaks within the range of a diffraction angle 2? of 8.7 to 9.4°, within that of 2? of 12.2 to 12.8°, and within that of 2? of 24.8 to 25.4° in a powder X-ray diffraction measurement of the crystal by use of the Cu—K? wavelength; and crystal B: a crystal of optically active 4-amino-3-(4-chlorophenyl)butanoic acid which has diffraction peaks within the range of a diffraction angle 2? of 20.8 to 21.4°, within that of 2? of 26.7 to 27.3°, and within that of 2? of 29.7 to 30.3° in a powder X-ray diffraction measurement of the crystal by use of the Cu—K? wavelength.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for producing (1S,2R)-2-chloro-2-fluorocyclopropanecarboxylic acid with a high yield and high selectivity. Specifically, disclosed is a method for producing (1S,2R)-2-chloro-2-fluorocyclopropanecarboxylic acid, wherein (1S)-2-chloro-2-fluorocyclopropanecarboxylic acid ester is hydrolyzed using an esterase derived from Burkholderia cepacia.

Abstract: A stack valve 1 includes an ascending dividing valve 14 which is provide on an ascending junction path 23 and controls the flow rate of a pressure fluid supplied to a head-side chamber 4a of a bucket cylinder 4, an ascending branched path 24 which is branched from the ascending junction path 23 and connected to an unloading path 21, and an ascending cancellation switching valve 19 which is provided on the ascending branched path 24 to close or open the ascending branched path 24. The ascending dividing valve 14 and the ascending cancellation switching valve 19 are provide in the same dividing section 83.

Abstract: An analysis device includes: a separation cavity 18 for separating a test liquid into a solution component and a solid component by using a centrifugal force; a higher specific gravity component quantitative cavity 23 for holding a portion of the separated solid component which has been transferred; a sample solution overflow cavity 22 arranged between the higher specific gravity component quantitative cavity 23 and the separation cavity 18 and connected to a connecting channel 21 for transporting the sample liquid from the separation cavity 18; and a capillary cavity 19 formed in the separation cavity 18 for temporarily holding a separated solution component (blood plasma) in the separation cavity 18. A blood plasma component 57a remaining in the separation cavity 18 is trapped by the capillary cavity 19.

Abstract: A packaging container includes a first clamshell half, a second clamshell half, a connecting portion that connects an edge of the first clamshell with an edge of the second clamshell half, a sealed portion that fastens the first clamshell and the second clamshell to each other, the sealed portion being located at the edge of the packaging container on a side opposite to the connecting portion, and a severed portion that is provided in at least one of the first clamshell and the second clamshell between the sealed portion and a packaged object, which is accommodated in a room created between the first clamshell and the second clamshell when the clamshell halves are fitted to each other, and that is severed off for opening the packaging container.

Abstract: The present invention provides a cleaning blade for an electrophotographic device, which, even when spherical (perfectly spherical or irregularly shaped), polymerized toner with a small particle diameter is used, can achieve sufficient abrasion resistance and sufficient cleaning ability (particularly cleaning ability under low-temperature and low-humidity conditions). The cleaning blade for an electrophotographic device includes an elastic rubber member; and a supporting member. The elastic rubber member has a double layer structure including an edge layer and a base layer. The edge layer is made of a material with a JIS-A hardness of 65° to 72° at 23° C. and a rebound resilience of 10 to 35%. The base layer is made of a material with a JIS-A hardness of 70° to 80° at 23° C. and a rebound resilience of 40 to 70%, the JIS-A hardness value being larger than the value of hardness of the edge layer.

Abstract: The present invention provides a rubber composition that is used for forming a ply having superior processability upon preparation thereof, with a reduced hysteresis loss, a clinch that is capable of achieving both of good physical characteristics, such as rigidity, hardness and mechanical strength, and improvements in processability and a tread that has high rigidity with a small hysteresis loss and is superior in processability upon preparation thereof, while reducing the amount of use of materials derived from petroleum resources, and a pneumatic tire provided with these. The ply, the clinch apex and the tread are made from a rubber composition that has 100 parts by mass of a rubber component composed of a natural rubber and/or a modified natural rubber, and 25 to 80 parts by mass of silica having a BET specific surface area of not more than 150 m2/g, and the pneumatic tire is provided with these.

Abstract: A method for producing a biaryl compound, comprising reacting an aromatic organic compound with at least one compound selected from the group consisting of aromatic organoboron compounds and boroxine compounds, in the presence of a zero-valent nickel catalyst, phosphine ligand and base.

Abstract: The present invention provides an asymmetric reduction catalyst effective in preparing optically-active alcohol compounds having various functional groups, and a process for preparing optically-active alcohol compounds using said asymmetric reduction catalyst. The organic metal compound of the present invention is represented by the following general formula (1): wherein R1 and R2 may be mutually identical or different, and are an alkyl group, a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a cycloalkyl group, or an alicyclic ring formed by binding R1 and R2, which may have a substituent; R3 is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group; Cp is a cyclopentadienyl group, which may have a substituent, bound to M1 via a ? bond; X1 is a halogen atom or a hydrido group; M1 is rhodium or iridium; and * denotes asymmetric carbon.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a cooled NMR probe including an antenna coil and capable of decreasing an operation temperature of the antenna coil by effectively cooling the antenna coil, thereby increasing detection sensitivity of an NMR signal. To attain this, a probe head according to the present invention includes a coil support member which supports the antenna coil, and a cooling member arranged around at least a portion of the coil support member, the cooling member providing a cooling space between the cooling member and the coil support member, the cooling space allowing a refrigerant to circulate therethrough. The cooling member is coupled to the coil support member such that the refrigerant flowing in the cooling space directly contacts an outer peripheral surface of the coil support member.

Abstract: The present invention provides an asymmetric reduction catalyst effective in preparing optically-active alcohol compounds having various functional groups, and a process for preparing optically-active alcohol compounds using said asymmetric reduction catalyst. The organic metal compound of the present invention is represented by the following general formula (1): wherein R1 and R2 may be mutually identical or different, and are an alkyl group, a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a cycloalkyl group, or an alicyclic ring formed by binding R1 and R2, which may have a substituent; R3 is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group; Cp is a cyclopentadienyl group, which may have a substituent, bound to M1 via a ? bond; X1 is a halogen atom or a hydrido group; M1 is rhodium or iridium; and * denotes asymmetric carbon.

Abstract: A semiconductor memory device is provided with plural memory cells, plural bit lines BL, each bit line being commonly connected to the plural memory cells that are arranged in the same row, plural word lines WL and plural plate lines CP, each word line and each plate line being commonly connected to the plural memory cells that are arranged in the same column, plural plate voltage supply lines CPS arranged in the column direction, and means for electrically connecting each of the plural plate voltage supply lines to each of the corresponding plural plate lines.

Abstract: A packaging container includes a first clamshell half, a second clamshell half, a connecting portion that connects an edge of the first clamshell with an edge of the second clamshell half, a sealed portion that fastens the first clamshell and the second clamshell to each other, the sealed portion being located at the edge of the packaging container on a side opposite to the connecting portion, and a severed portion that is provided in at least one of the first clamshell and the second clamshell between the sealed portion and a packaged object, which is accommodated in a room created between the first clamshell and the second clamshell when the clamshell halves are fitted to each other, and that is severed off for opening the packaging container.

Abstract: A compound represented by the formula [1]: wherein ring A and ring B each represent an optionally substituted benzene ring; ring C represents an optionally further substituted aromatic ring; R1 represents a lower alkyl group optionally substituted with an optionally substituted hydroxyl group; X1a represents a bond or optionally substituted lower alkylene; X1b represents a bond or optionally substituted lower alkylene; x2 represents a bond, —O— or —S—; X3 represents a bond or an optionally substituted divalent hydrocarbon group; Y represents an optionally esterified or amidated carboxyl group, or a salt thereof. The compound of the formula [I] is safer and has more potent lipid lowering activity such as squalene synthase inhibitory activity (cholesterol lowering activity) and triglyceride lowering activity, and thus it is a compound useful as an agent for preventing or treating hyperlipemia.

Abstract: A cryogenic system includes a containment vessel in which a body to be cooled is housed in such a manner that the body is immersed in a liquid coolant; a tubular refrigerator sleeve; and a refrigerator, inserted in the opening section of the refrigerator sleeve, for recondensing coolant gas generated from the coolant, wherein a gas flow-forming means for forming a flow of purge gas toward an opening section of the refrigerator sleeve is provided. The purge gas prevents air from entering a refrigerator sleeve during the replacement of a refrigerator of a cryogenic system.

Abstract: A semiconductor memory device includes plural memory cells MC arranged in a matrix, plural bit lines BL and plural plate line voltage supply lines SCP which are arranged in a row direction, plural sense amplifier circuits SA which are arranged in a column direction and are electrically connected to the respective bit lines, plural plate line voltage supply circuits CPD which are arranged in the column direction and drive the plate line voltage supply lines SCP, and means for electrically connecting the plate line voltage supply lines SCP with the plural plate lines CP, wherein the respective plate voltage supply lines SCP are electrically connected, at different positions on the same plate line CP, to the plate line CP.

Abstract: A cryogenic system includes a space formed between a cooling stage of a cryocooler unit and an element to be cooled, and a thermal joint placed in the space, wherein the thermal joint is composed of a substance that has a melting point higher than the cooling temperature of the element to be cooled and that is in a liquid or gaseous state at room temperature and atmospheric pressure. The cryogenic system can achieve reproducible and excellent thermal contact at a cooling stage without applying a large mechanical stress to a cryocooler unit structure.

Abstract: A ferroelectric memory of the present invention comprises: a plurality of normal cells, each of which includes a first ferroelectric capacitor for holding data and a first transistor connected to a first electrode of the first ferroelectric capacitor; a first bit line connected to the first transistor; a first bit line precharge circuit which is a switch circuit provided between the first bit line and a ground; and a word line connected to a gate of the first transistor. The word line is deactivated to disconnect the first ferroelectric capacitor from the first bit line before the first bit line precharge circuit is driven to discharge a potential of the first bit line.

Abstract: A cryogenic system includes a space formed between a cooling stage of a cryocooler unit and an element to be cooled, and a thermal joint placed in the space, wherein the thermal joint is composed of a substance that has a melting point higher than the cooling temperature of the element to be cooled and that is in a liquid or gaseous state at room temperature and atmospheric pressure. The cryogenic system can achieve reproducible and excellent thermal contact at a cooling stage without applying a large mechanical stress to a cryocooler unit structure.

Abstract: Provided is a semiconductor memory device compatible with a SRAM and capable of a high-speed data transfer operation while maintaining data reliability. An access to a memory core 6 starts when an external chip enable signal XCE performs a falling transition. Simultaneously, an external write enable signal XWE and an external address signal ADD are received, and a memory cell 1, in the memory core 6, corresponding to the received external address signal ADD is selected. When a data read-out from the memory cell 1 or a data write-in to the memory cell 1 is complete, a rewrite timer 7 is activated in accordance with a rising transition of an external chip enable signal XCE or a rising transition of the external write enable signal XWE for performing a data rewrite for the memory cell 1.