Abstract: A control apparatus is applicable to an internal combustion engine having an exhaust passage arranged with an NSR catalyst and an SCR catalyst, wherein when it is necessary to decrease NH3 adsorbed to the SCR catalyst, then an air-fuel ratio of an air-fuel mixture to be combusted in the internal combustion engine is controlled to a predetermined lean air-fuel ratio which is higher than a theoretical air-fuel ratio if a temperature of the SCR catalyst is not less than a lower limit temperature at which NH3 can be oxidized, while the air-fuel ratio of the air-fuel mixture to be combusted in the internal combustion engine is controlled to a predetermined weak lean air-fuel ratio which is lower than the predetermined lean air-fuel ratio and which is higher than the theoretical air-fuel ratio if the temperature of the SCR catalyst is less than the lower limit temperature.

Abstract: A substrate processing device includes substrate holder, a plurality of ultraviolet irradiators, and controller. The substrate holder holds a substrate. The ultraviolet irradiators irradiate gaps between a plurality of fine structures formed on the substrate held by the substrate holder with ultraviolet rays in spectra different from each other. The controller controls the plurality of ultraviolet irradiators.

Abstract: In a control system for an internal combustion engine in which an exhaust gas purification catalyst having a lower catalyst layer and an upper catalyst layer disposed at the upper side of the lower catalyst layer is arranged in an exhaust passage of the internal combustion engine, when an operation at a rich air fuel ratio is switched to an operation at a target lean air fuel ratio, switching is made through a first operation in which the air fuel ratio of exhaust gas is temporarily made into a lean air fuel ratio, and a second operation which is carried out after the first operation and in which the air fuel ratio of the exhaust gas is made to change alternately between the rich air fuel ratio and the lean air fuel ratio a plurality of times, whereby the HC poisoning of the catalyst can be recovered at an early stage.

Abstract: A liquid of a hydrophobizing agent is supplied to a surface of a substrate to form a liquid film of the hydrophobizing agent that covers the entire surface region of the substrate. A liquid of a first organic solvent having a lower surface tension than water is supplied to the surface of the substrate covered with the liquid film of the hydrophobizing agent so that the liquid of the hydrophobizing agent on the substrate is replaced with the liquid of the first organic solvent. A liquid of a second organic solvent having a lower surface tension than the first organic solvent is supplied to the surface of the substrate covered with the liquid film of the first organic solvent so that the liquid of the first organic solvent on the substrate is replaced with the liquid of the second organic solvent. The substrate that the liquid of the second organic solvent has adhered, is dried.

Abstract: A liquid of a hydrophobizing agent is supplied to a surface of a substrate to form a liquid film of the hydrophobizing agent that covers an entire surface region of the substrate. Thereafter, a liquid amount of the hydrophobizing agent on the substrate is decreased while maintaining a state in which the entire surface region of the substrate is covered with the liquid film of the hydrophobizing agent. Thereafter, the liquid of the hydrophobizing agent on the substrate is replaced with a liquid of the first organic solvent by supplying the liquid of the first organic solvent to the surface of the substrate covered with the liquid film of the hydrophobizing agent in a state in which the liquid amount of the hydrophobizing agent on the substrate has decreased. Thereafter, the substrate is dried.

Abstract: In an exhaust gas control system for an internal combustion engine operable at a lean air-fuel ratio, after a request to stop the internal combustion engine has been issued, the internal combustion engine is operated at a stoichiometric air-fuel ratio or lower until an air-fuel ratio in an SCR catalyst becomes lower than or equal to the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio, and then supply of fuel to the internal combustion engine is stopped.

Abstract: A substrate processing method includes a rinse liquid supplying step of supplying a rinse liquid containing water to a major surface of a substrate, a rotating step of rotating the substrate around a rotation axis passing through a central portion of the major surface of the substrate, and a hydrophobizing agent supplying step of supplying a hydrophobizing agent containing a first dissolving agent to the major surface of the substrate to replace a liquid held on the major surface of the substrate with the hydrophobizing agent in parallel with the rotating step after the rinse liquid supplying step is performed, and the hydrophobizing agent supplying step includes a hydrophobizing agent discharging step of discharging a continuous flow of the hydrophobizing agent from a discharge port of a nozzle toward the major surface of the substrate held by a substrate holding unit with a Reynolds number at the discharge port being not more than 1500.

Abstract: An equivalent circuit of a converter (4) is represented by a series connection between an equivalent capacitor (41) and an equivalent resistor (42), and the converter (4) includes a controller that adjusts a power factor of the input power by controlling a capacitive reactance (Xc) of the equivalent capacitor (41).

Abstract: A PCV valve that ventilates a crankcase is provided. A three-way catalyst and a NOx storage/reduction catalyst are provided in an exhaust passage. An electronic control unit performs a stoichiometric control and a lean control. When a crankcase ventilation request is issued, a relationship between a ventilation amount of ventilation achieved by the PCV valve and a fuel consumption resulting from the ventilation is calculated. Furthermore, an operational condition under which the ventilation amount meets a required ventilation amount and the fuel consumption is minimized is calculated. The operational condition is calculated so that a constant engine torque is maintained and the air-fuel ratio falls within a range that ensures purification.

Abstract: A substrate processing device includes substrate holder, a plurality of ultraviolet irradiators, and controller. The substrate holder holds a substrate. The ultraviolet irradiators irradiate gaps between a plurality of fine structures formed on the substrate held by the substrate holder with ultraviolet rays in spectra different from each other. The controller controls the plurality of ultraviolet irradiators.

Abstract: An exhaust purification system of an internal combustion engine provided with a heat and hydrogen generation device (50) and an exhaust purification catalyst (14) comprised of the three way catalyst. Heat and hydrogen generated in the heat and hydrogen generation device (50) is fed to the exhaust purification catalyst (14). When an air-fuel ratio of the air and fuel made to burn in the heat and hydrogen generation device (50) is made a predetermined target set air-fuel ratio, the air-fuel ratio of the exhaust gas discharged from the engine is controlled to the target adjusted air-fuel ratio required for making the air-fuel ratio of the gas flowing into the exhaust purification catalyst (14) the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio.

Abstract: A substrate treatment method and apparatus including a change controlling unit which changes at least one of a protection liquid application position relative to a liquid droplet nozzle and a protection liquid incident angle relative to the liquid droplet nozzle, the protection liquid application position being a position at which the protection liquid is applied on an upper surface of the substrate, the protection liquid incident angle being an angle at which the protection liquid is incident on the liquid application position; wherein the change controlling unit controls the liquid application position and the incident angle in a first condition when the spraying region is located on an upper surface center portion of the substrate, and controls the liquid application position and the incident angle in a second condition when the spraying region is located on an upper surface peripheral portion of the substrate.

Abstract: A static eliminator performs processing of reducing the charge amount of an electrically charged substrate. The static eliminator includes a substrate holder and an ultraviolet irradiator. The substrate holder holds the substrate. The ultraviolet irradiator is capable of irradiating a main surface of the substrate with ultraviolet light in an irradiation amount that differs between a plurality of divided regions of the main surface of the substrate.

Abstract: A substrate processing device includes a substrate holding table, an ultraviolet irradiator, a tubular member, a first gas supplying unit, and a second gas supplying unit. The ultraviolet irradiator is disposed facing to the substrate through an active space and configured to irradiate the substrate with ultraviolet light. The tubular member includes an inner surface surrounding a side surface of the substrate holding table, and at least one opening at a position facing to the side surface on the inner surface. The first gas supplying unit supplies gas to a space between the side surface of the substrate holding table and the inner surface of the tubular member through the at least one opening. The second gas supplying unit supplies gas to an active space between the substrate and the ultraviolet irradiator.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for determining the efficacy of a GPC3-targeting therapeutic agent for a liver cancer patient and a GPC3-targeting therapeutic agent or a preparation which is to be administered to a patient for whom it has been determined that the GPC3-targeting therapeutic agent is effective. The present invention provides, for example, a method for determining that a GPC3-targeting therapeutic agent is effective when the expression level of GPC3 per tumor cell is a predetermined value, and a GPC3-targeting therapeutic agent or a preparation which is to be administered to a patient for whom it has been determined that the GPC3-targeting therapeutic agent is effective.

Abstract: A control apparatus is applicable to an internal combustion engine having an exhaust passage arranged with an NSR catalyst and an SCR catalyst, wherein when it is necessary to decrease NH3 adsorbed to the SCR catalyst, then an air-fuel ratio of an air-fuel mixture to be com busted in the internal combustion engine is controlled to a predetermined lean air-fuel ratio which is higher than a theoretical air-fuel ratio if a temperature of the SCR catalyst is not less than a lower limit temperature at which NH3 can be oxidized, while the air-fuel ratio of the air-fuel mixture to be com busted in the internal combustion engine is controlled to a predetermined weak lean air-fuel ratio which is lower than the predetermined lean air-fuel ratio and which is higher than the theoretical air-fuel ratio if the temperature of the SCR catalyst is less than the lower limit temperature.

Abstract: An equivalent circuit of a converter (4) is represented by a series connection between an equivalent capacitor (41) and an equivalent resistor (42), and the converter (4) includes a controller that adjusts a power factor of the input power by controlling a capacitive reactance (Xc) of the equivalent capacitor (41).

Abstract: In an exhaust gas control system for an internal combustion engine operable at a lean air-fuel ratio, after a request to stop the internal combustion engine has been issued, the internal combustion engine is operated at a stoichiometric air-fuel ratio or lower until an air-fuel ratio in an SCR catalyst becomes lower than or equal to the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio, and then supply of fuel to the internal combustion engine is stopped.

Abstract: A substrate treatment method and apparatus including a change controlling unit which changes at least one of a protection liquid application position relative to a liquid droplet nozzle and a protection liquid incident angle relative to the liquid droplet nozzle, the protection liquid application position being a position at which the protection liquid is applied on an upper surface of the substrate, the protection liquid incident angle being an angle at which the protection liquid is incident on the liquid application position; wherein the change controlling unit controls the liquid application position and the incident angle in a first condition when the spraying region is located on an upper surface center portion of the substrate, and controls the liquid application position and the incident angle in a second condition when the spraying region is located on an upper surface peripheral portion of the substrate.

Abstract: A substrate processing method using a cleaning liquid containing a foaming agent that foams due to application of foaming energy, and including a foaming energy supplying step of applying the foaming energy to the cleaning liquid in contact with the substrate to clean the substrate.