Abstract: The nano-gap electrode pair 12 is disposed so that a biomolecule joined to at least one or more types of a single molecule included in a sample passes an opposing position, and the strength of the electric field in a position spaced only a predetermined distance on the downstream side from the opposing position 64 becomes stronger than the strength of the electric field in a position spaced only the predetermined distance on the upstream side from the opposing position 64.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, provided is a single particle analyzing device including a measuring vessel, first and second chambers in the vessel defined by an insulating membrane, a pore opening in the membrane to connect the chambers, and first and second electrodes in the chambers. Electric current flows between the electrodes through the pore. Electrical characteristics are measured during migration of the target from the first chamber to the second chamber to measure the size and shape of the target. (a) t<a <d?100a or (b) s<L, s<d?100s, t<L and t<d, wherein a, L and s are the diameter, length and width of the target, d is the diameter of the pore, and t is the thickness of the membrane in the proximity to the pore.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides devices, systems and methods for effectuating nanoelectrodes for use with determining the sequence of double stranded biopolymers. Various modified bases and different metals may be utilized alone or in combination so as to provide differentiation between different nucleobases and to determine which base is associated with which strand.

Abstract: Devices, systems and methods for sequencing protein samples are provided. In some examples, currents generated when a monomer passes through between electrodes of a nanogap electrode pair are measured for each of several different distances, so that monomers are identified when compared to a reference physical quantity of a known monomer, which may be obtained from a current measured with a similar inter-electrode distance(s) at which each of plural kinds of monomers are identifiable and ordered with predetermined accuracy and based on a detected physical quantity obtained from a tunneling current, which may be further normalized by the use of one or more reference substances.

Abstract: The analysis method allows analysis of samples with high sensitivity, irrespective of interelectrode distance. The method includes: a step of applying a voltage between a first electrode pair such that an electric field is formed in a direction intersecting a migration direction of a sample; a step of placing a solution, including an electrochemically active molecule that produces a redox reaction at the electrode pair, between the first electrode pair; a step of causing the sample to migrate; and a step of measuring an amount of change in current flow between the first electrode pair.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a biomolecule sequencing device that includes at least one set of nano-gap electrodes arranged so that a current flows when a biomolecule contained in a sample passes in proximity to the set of nano-gap electrodes, an electrophoresis electrode pair for forming an electric field for moving the biomolecule between the electrodes of the set of nano-gap electrodes, a flow path for flowing the sample in a direction towards the nano-gap electrode pair, a flow path for flowing the sample in a direction away from the nano-gap electrode pair, a measurement unit configured to measure a tunnel current generated when the biomolecule passes between the electrodes of the nano-gap electrode pair with an electric field being formed, and an identification unit configured to sequence the biomolecule.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method and apparatus for controlling the moving speed of a substance, both of which can adjust the moving speed of a substance to a desired speed. The control method and control apparatus cause a substance to pass through an internal space, in which an electro-osmotic flow is generated, of a surround electrode formed so as to surround part of the moving path of the substance, whereby the control method and control apparatus change the moving speed of the substance.

Abstract: Devices, systems and methods for sequencing protein samples are provided. In some examples, currents generated when a monomer passes through between electrodes of a nanogap electrode pair are measured for each of several different distances, so that monomers are identified when compared to a reference physical quantity of a known monomer, which may be obtained from a current measured with a similar inter-electrode distance(s) at which each of plural kinds of monomers are identifiable and ordered with predetermined accuracy and based on a detected physical quantity obtained from a tunneling current, which may be further normalized by the use of one or more reference substances.

Abstract: A method for performing micro fabrication includes using, as a photomask, a self-organizing material-patterned substrate which is soluble in an organic solvent. A method for emitting light includes emitting the light in a pattern of a nucleic acid which is a self-organizing material immobilized on a self-organizing material-patterned substrate. An immobilization layer containing a binding material capable of binding to a self-organizing material is formed on a substrate. Then this immobilization layer is patterned by transferring a protrusion and recess pattern formed in a mold thereto by the imprint process. The self-organizing material is supplied onto the side having the protrusion and recess pattern of the immobilization layer transferred thereto.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides methods and systems that can reduce the amount of sample necessary to detect or identify, or both detect and identify, a biomolecule, and increase the rate of denaturing of the biomolecule. A device for thermally denaturing a biomolecule may include: a substrate having low thermal conductivity; a heater disposed adjacent to the substrate; a temperature sensor disposed adjacent to the substrate; a semiconductor oxide film disposed adjacent to the substrate, a nanochannel formed in a region of the semiconductor oxide film, and a cover over the nanochannel.

Abstract: The present invention provides technology that uses current measurements to identify nucleotides and determine a nucleotide sequence in polynucleotides. The present invention calculates a modal value of a tunnel current that arises when a nucleotide or polynucleotide for analysis passes through between electrodes, and then employs the calculated modal value. The present invention accordingly enables direct rapid implementation to identify nucleotides and to determine a nucleotide sequence in a polynucleotide without marking.

Abstract: The present invention provides technology that uses current measurements to identify nucleotides and determine a nucleotide sequence in polynucleotides. The present invention calculates a modal value of a tunnel current that arises when a nucleotide or polynucleotide for analysis passes through between electrodes, and then employs the calculated modal value. The present invention accordingly enables direct rapid implementation to identify nucleotides and to determine a nucleotide sequence in a polynucleotide without marking.

Abstract: The analysis method allows analysis of samples with high sensitivity, irrespective of interelectrode distance. The method includes: a step of applying a voltage between a first electrode pair such that an electric field is formed in a direction intersecting a migration direction of a sample; a step of placing a solution, including an electrochemically active molecule that produces a redox reaction at the electrode pair, between the first electrode pair; a step of causing the sample to migrate; and a step of measuring an amount of change in current flow between the first electrode pair.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, provided is a single particle analyzing device including a measuring vessel, first and second chambers in the vessel defined by an insulating membrane, a pore opening in the membrane to connect the chambers, and first and second electrodes in the chambers. Electric current flows between the electrodes through the pore. Electrical characteristics are measured during migration of the target from the first chamber to the second chamber to measure the size and shape of the target. (a) t<a <d?100a or (b) s<L, s<d?100s, t<L and t<d, wherein a, L and s are the diameter, length and width of the target, d is the diameter of the pore, and t is the thickness of the membrane in the proximity to the pore.

Abstract: The present invention provides technology that uses current measurements to identify nucleotides and determine a nucleotide sequence in polynucleotides. The present invention calculates a modal value of a tunnel current that arises when a nucleotide or polynucleotide for analysis passes through between electrodes, and then employs the calculated modal value. The present invention accordingly enables direct rapid implementation to identify nucleotides and to determine a nucleotide sequence in a polynucleotide without marking.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method and apparatus for controlling the moving speed of a substance, both of which can adjust the moving speed of a substance to a desired speed. The control method and control apparatus cause a substance to pass through an internal space, in which an electro-osmotic flow is generated, of a surround electrode formed so as to surround part of the moving path of the substance, whereby the control method and control apparatus change the moving speed of the substance.

Abstract: A maximum current value and pulse continuation duration are measured for each of plural pulses of tunnel current arising as a polynucleotide passes through between an electrode pair, and the polynucleotide base sequence is determined based on the maximum current value and the pulse continuation duration.

Abstract: Provided are: a control method and control device for the movement speed of a substance which are capable of controlling the movement speed of the substance with good precision, and of raising the durability of the device; and a use therefor. An substance with charge is caused to move by a movement path formed by a first electrical field and a second electrical field that are formed in directions that intersect with each other.

Abstract: A method for performing micro fabrication includes using, as a photomask, a self-organizing material-patterned substrate which is soluble in an organic solvent. A method for emitting light includes emitting the light in a pattern of a nucleic acid which is a self-organizing material immobilized on a self-organizing material-patterned substrate. An immobilization layer containing a binding material capable of binding to a self-organizing material is formed on a substrate. Then this immobilization layer is patterned by transferring a protrusion and recess pattern formed in a mold thereto by the imprint process. The self-organizing material is supplied onto the side having the protrusion and recess pattern of the immobilization layer transferred thereto.

Abstract: A method for immobilizing a self-organizing material or fine particles on a substrate, and a substrate whereupon the self-organizing material or the fine particles are immobilized. More specifically, the method for immobilizing the fine particles including a nucleic acid (for instance, DNA or RNA) or a metal oxide on the substrate, and the substrate whereupon the nucleic acid (for example, DNA or RNA) or the metal oxide is immobilized.