Abstract: Provided are an outer-diameter blade, an inner-diameter blade and cutting machines using both blades for cutting hard material, and a core drill and a core-drill processing machine for forming a hole into hard material, whereby the mechanical processing with reduction in the cutting and/or contact resistance to the tools is realized, so that in the case of the outer-diamond blade, it is prevented from occurring that a to-be-cut object is warped and put into contact to the blade to cause chipping; in the case of the inner-diameter blade, it is prevented from occurring that the blade is bowed and/or a cutting surface is curved; and in the case of the core drill, not only are grinding powder of a workpiece and loosed-off abrasive grains effectively removed to prevent those from being loaded between the drill and the workpiece, but neither of cracking and chipping occur when the drill passes through the workpiece.

Abstract: A chip junction nozzle in that opposite slant planes 43 which come into contact with edges of 2 sides of the chip in parallel centering around a nozzle center, and a vacuum suction hole 42 opened in the nozzle center are provided, and the slant plane 43 is formed into a mirror surface having the surface hardness more than HrC40. Further, when the surface roughness of the mirror surface is expressed by the average roughness of the center line, the average roughness of the center line is not more than 1.6 &mgr;m.

Abstract: A display panel includes a transparent EL panel held at an inner end of an opening formed in an instrument panel portion and inclined at a predetermined acute angle with respect to a viewing direction. A cover is disposed at a back side of the display panel for covering the display panel. A surface of the opening portion and an inner face of the cover, to which light from the display panel enters, are colored dark to absorb unnecessary ambient light.

Abstract: A combination of a fastener with an electronic component, wherein the electronic component includes a bobbin having an axial portion, windings around the axial portion of the bobbin, external terminals projecting from the bobbin, around each of which external terminals a termination of one of the windings is coiled, a mold covering the bobbin in a manner to allow portions of the external terminals to be projected outwardly from the mold, the mold being formed of electrically insulating resin material, and a pair of cores assembled to the mold so as to be opposed to each other. The fastener fitted on the electronic component includes a first engaging member engaged in assembly with the cores to clamp the cores, a second engaging member engaged in assembly with a portion of the mold, and an interconnecting member interconnecting the first and second engaging members.

Abstract: One cycle of a weaving pattern suitable for the shape and material of the base metal to be welded is taught and stored, and a welding torch is made to weave in accordance with the suitable weaving pattern. Consequently, arc welding can be carried out by using a weaving pattern suitable for a shape and a material of each base metal.

Abstract: A weaving welding method is provided which permits an accurate and continuous weaving welding along various weld lines including a complicated weld line which is a combination of straight lines and arcs, based on a simple determination. In accordance with the previously predetermined start and end points of a first section of a desired weld line, the predetermined weaving width and the detected orientation of a welding torch, a weaving swing plane is determined which includes an intersection line at which a first plane traversing the desired weld line at right angles thereto intersects a second plane perpendicular to the axis of the welding torch, and is parallel to the desired weld line (S2). The torch is then moved along the desired weld line while moved in a weaving pattern with a predetermined weaving width in a direction traversing the desired weld line, such that the distal end thereof is moved on the weaving swing plane (S3).

Abstract: A method for acceleration and deceleration control of servomotors always brings out the maximum operating capability of a machine equipped with servomotors, such as a robot, NC machine tool, etc. and accurately moves a respective operating section of the machine, e.g., robot work point, tool, etc., along a commanded path. When a command is read from a program, the speed command value is divided by a maximum allowable (Am) of the machine, set previously, to determine a time constant (T) for acceleration and deceleration control (Step S2), and the time constant is divided by a sampling period to obtain a number (n) of times of commanded speed sampling (Step S3). The servomotor is driven at a controlled speed after the acceleration/deceleration process. The controlled speed is obtained by dividing a sum of a commanded speed of the current sampling period and commanded speeds sampled in the previous (n-1) periods preceding the current period, by the number (n) of times of sampling.

Abstract: An automatic setting method is provided, in which the position of a tool tip point in a coordinate system set for a faceplate of a robot, can be set easily and accurately. The robot is caused to assume different postures while maintaining the tool tip point of a tool (2) at one point (4) within a space in which the robot is installed. Four or more coordinate positions of a faceplate center point (3) corresponding to the individual postures of the robot are given for instruction. Subsequently, a spherical surface (5) passing through these instruction positions is determined by the method of least squares, and the position of the tool tip point in the faceplate coordinate system is calculated and set on the basis of a calculated value of the position of the center of curvature of the spherical surface, the individual instruction coordinate positions, and tool posture vectors.

Abstract: An apparatus for controlling an industrial robot in a shared manner using a plurality of operation controllers so that the robot automatically works under the optimum load condition. When power is turned on, the operation controllers (5) to (7) connected via a common bus (1) operate their own respective initial loaders to read control data (TCB) from an external memory (3) into their own respective memories (RAM) and any one of the operation controllers (5) to (7) loads the control data (TCB) and synchronization control data in a shared memory (4). When synchronized with each other, the operation controllers (5) to (7) load the tasks from the external memory (3) in their own memories (RAM), depending upon their capabilities determined by the control data (TCB) and upon their shares of the task. Therefore, the industrial robot is controlled in a shared manner depending upon the task that is loaded.

Abstract: A robot control method for enabling a robot effectuate various operations, having load conditions which differ from one another, in accordance with optimum control conditions.A load condition, including the sum (W) of the weight of a robot hand and the weight of a workpiece, a distance (L) from the center point of the joint of the robot hand to the center of gravity of the hand and the workpiece, and a combined inertia (J) of the robot hand and the workpiece, is set for each of the robot operations and stored together with a group number indicating the load condition. To operate the robot, load condition commands, which are written in a program along with operation commands include a load condition control code and a group number. The control conditions are determined on the basis of the load conditions corresponding to the group numbers. The robot operations are then performed in accordance with the control conditions thus determined.

Abstract: An automatic welding apparatus carrying out an arc sensing operation is provided with a memory (2) storing parameters for arc sensing, and these parameters being rewritten by a manual input before beginning the welding, by an input from an on-line computer during the welding, or at a predetermined time by a program which outputs commands to the automatic welding apparatus (FIG. 6).

Abstract: A method of starting arc sensing applicable to automatic welding apparatuses carrying out an arc sensing operation, which is a control operation comprising: detecting deviations of a welding electrode from a predetermined path in an up or down direction and right or left direction, by variations of a welding current while welding with a weaving operation; and correcting the deviation.In this method of starting arc sensing, the welding electrode is held in the dwell state while the arc is extremely unstable just after the arc is first generated, a weaving is carried out from a first predetermined time (T.sub.1) after the extreme instability of the arc has been eliminated, a detection and correction by an arc sensing of a deviation in the right and left direction only are carried out from a second predetermined time (T.sub.

Abstract: A display source emits light. A first hologram receives the light from the display source and diffracts the received light. The light from the display source is applied to the first hologram at an incident angle A1 and moves from the first hologram at an outgoing angle B1. A second hologram receives the light from the first hologram and diffractively reflects the received light. The light diffractively reflected by the second hologram forms an image of the display source in viewer's field of view. The light from the first hologram is applied to the second hologram at an incident angle A2 and moves from the second hologram at an outgoing angle B2. The first and second holograms are nonparallel to remove a ghost image of the display source which would result from at least one of surface reflections at the first and second holograms. The first hologram has an angle .theta. relative to the second hologram. The angles A1, B1, A2, B2, and .theta.

Abstract: A columnar vortex generator is set in a duct communicating with an intake pipe of an engine, to extend across the airflow in the duct. A vortex sensor is arranged in a downstream surface of the vortex generator. The sensor generates a signal corresponding to the frequency of Karman vortexes generated at the downstream side of the vortex generator. A turbulence generator for generating a turbulent flow in that part of intake air flowing against the vortex generator is set at the upstream side of the vortex generator. The vortex generator consists of stationary and movable units. The movable unit is moved in accordance with elongation/contraction of a bellows so as to vary the typical dimension D of the surface of the vortex generator against which air flows.

Abstract: A mass flowmeter has a vortex generator for shedding a Karman vortex street downstream of the vortex generator positioned inside a duct for guiding a fluid. The vortex generator comprises a stationary member and a movable member which is displaceable in relation to the stationary member. The movable member is displaced by the expanding or contracting of bellows in response to changes in pressure and temperature of the fluid to thereby vary the characteristic dimension of the vortex generator. The Karman vortex shedding frequency of the vortex generator is measured by a heat-wire type sensor.

Abstract: An ignition device for use with internal combustion engines is adapted for conducting a light beam into the combustion chamber of the engine to ignite a fuel-air mixture. The ignition device includes a light emission apparatus opened to the combustion chamber to emit a light beam into the chamber, and a particle supply apparatus disposed in opposed relation with the light emission apparatus for supplying into the combustion chamber particles of a high light absorption index separately from the fuel-air mixture. The particles from the particle supply apparatus are emitted along the optical axis of the light beam into the combustion chamber and are heated at a position suitable for ignition of the fuel-air mixture within the combustion chamber to serve as an ignition source.

Abstract: An ignition apparatus for an internal combustion engine comprises an intake path supplying a mixture of air and fuel into the combustion chamber of the engine, a particle supplying unit having an ejection port opening into the combustion chamber for supplying minute particles of a material which is not the fuel and has a high light absorption factor, and a light source radiating a laser beam through a light focusing unit toward a suitably selected position in the internal space of the combustion chamber, so that the laser beam can strike the minute particles of high light absorption factor supplied from the particle supplying unit thereby producing a torch for igniting the air-fuel mixture.

Abstract: A laser ignition apparatus includes a laser oscillator which generates at least two successive pulse-shaped laser beams during each compression stroke of the engine. A first pulse-shaped laser beam is generated by a Q switching action of the laser oscillator and thus has a high peak output and a second pulse-shaped laser beam is generated without the Q switching action and has a low peak output but a larger pulse duration than the first laser beam. The first and second pulse-shaped laser beams are guided and directed into the combustion chamber of the engine and the first laser beam of a high energy density causes the breakdown of the air-fuel mixture in the combustion chamber to develop a plasma and the second laser beam further increases the energy of the plasma thereby to ensure the setting fire of the air-fuel mixture.

Abstract: A seal assembly for a rotary heat-exchanger of a gas turbine is held in bearing contact with each end face of a regenerative rotor of the heat-exchanger to slidably support the regenerative rotor and to seal between a low-pressure gas passage and a high-pressure air passage of the turbine. The regenerative rotor is rotated across the passages to effect the heat-exchange between the low-pressure gas and the high-pressure air. The seal assembly comprises a sliding pad formed of a solid lubricant for sliding and bearing contact with the rotor, and a metallic backing for reinforcing the sliding pad.