Abstract: A soft robotic device includes a flexible body having a width, a length and a thickness, wherein the thickness is at least 1 mm, the flexible body having at least one channel disposed within the flexible body, the channel defined by upper, lower and side walls, wherein at least one wall is strain limiting; and a pressurizing inlet in fluid communication with the at least one channel, the at least one channel positioned and arranged such that the wall opposite the strain limiting wall preferentially expands when the soft robotic device is pressurized through the inlet.

Abstract: A refrigerator in which a storage box can be sufficiently drawn by placing a sliding shelf at the bottom of the storage box, and the storage box is easily inserted when it is inserted into inside the storage chamber, and less noise is generated, is provided.

Abstract: A method of biologically producing p-hydroxybenzoic acid, and a method for producing p-hydroxybenzoic acid from lignin through chemical and biological conversion.

Abstract: A transdermal composition comprising tolterodine having improved storage stability is disclosed. The transdermal composition comprising tolterodine contains an antioxidant to stabilize tolterodine and can be stored for a long period of time.

Abstract: The present invention provides a rivastigmine medicine having improved stability. The invention also provides a method, for packing pharmaceutical medicines containing rivastigmine, capable of improving stability.

Abstract: Disclosed is a composition for transdermal administration containing tolterodine. The composition comprises lidocaine or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof to achieve enhanced skin penetration. The composition enhances the skin penetration of tolterodine. Therefore, a successful commercial application of a tolterodine-containing transdermal preparation based on the composition can be expected.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a rivastigmine-containing patch having improved storage stability and proper release property.

Abstract: A method of biologically producing an aromatic carboxylic acid by contacting a substrate containing an aromatic carboxylic acid having a para-hydroxy group with a biocatalyst that removes the para-hydroxy group.

Abstract: A method of biologically producing an terephthalic acid or a derivative thereof by contacting a substrate containing an aromatic carboxylic acid with a biocatalyst that adds a carboxyl group at the para-position of the aromatic carboxylic acid.

Abstract: A soft robotic device includes a flexible body having a width, a length and a thickness, wherein the thickness is at least 1 mm, the flexible body having at least one channel disposed within the flexible body, the channel defined by upper, lower and side walls, wherein at least one wall is strain limiting; and a pressurizing inlet in fluid communication with the at least one channel, the at least one channel positioned and arranged such that the wall opposite the strain limiting wall preferentially expands when the soft robotic device is pressurized through the inlet.

Abstract: A method of biologically producing p-hydroxybenzoic acid, and a method for producing p-hydroxybenzoic acid from lignin through chemical and biological conversion.

Abstract: Disclosed is a composition for transdermal administration containing tolterodine. The composition comprises at least one essential oil as an abirritant to minimize skin irritation caused by tolterodine. The composition relieves skin irritation caused by tolterodine. Therefore, a successful commercial application of a tolterodine-containing transdermal preparation based on the composition can be expected.

Abstract: Disclosed is a composition for transdermal administration containing tolterodine. The composition comprises lidocaine or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof to achieve enhanced skin penetration. The composition enhances the skin penetration of tolterodine. Therefore, a successful commercial application of a tolterodine-containing transdermal preparation based on the composition can be expected.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an acid salt of tolterodine with superior stabililty and useful as a transdermal drug delivery system. More specifically, the present invention relates to a novel acid salt of tolterodine with superior stabililty to the conventional acid salts of tolterodine, which is useful as a pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of overactive bladder and can be formulated into a transdermal drug delivery system.

Abstract: A transdermal composition comprising tolterodine having improved storage stability is disclosed. The transdermal composition comprising tolterodine contains an antioxidant to stabilize tolterodine and can be stored for a long period of time.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an acid salt of tolterodine with superior stabililty and useful as a transdermal drug delivery system. More specifically, the present invention relates to a novel acid salt of tolterodine with superior stabililty to the conventional acid salts of tolterodine, which is useful as a pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of overactive bladder and can be formulated into a transdermal drug delivery system.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a lyophilized composition with an improved reconstitution time comprising a taxoid and a method thereof. More specifically, the present invention relates to a lyophilized composition with an improved reconstitution time prepared by mixing and dissolving a taxoid; cyclodextrin (CD); a hydrophilic polymer selected from the group consisting of hydroxypropylmethyl CeIIuIoSe (HPMC), polyethylene glycol (PEG), and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP); and a bulking agent of saccharides in water for injection; and lyophilizing the mixture, and a method thereof.

Abstract: Two novel microorganisms, Acinetobacter baumanni ATCC PTA-8303 and Cryptoeoecus albiduz ATCC PTA 8302 having epoxide hydrolase activity are described. The epoxide hydrolases from these microorganisms can be used to selectively hydrolyze (via epoxide opening) one enantiomer of ethyl-3,4-epoxybutyrate in a racemic mixture by a kinetic resolution process to result in the accumulation of the other enantiomer. Methods of preparing the microorganisms and their use in a kinetic resolution process of racemic ethyl-3,4-epoxybutyrate are also disclosed.

Abstract: A cogeneration system and a method for controlling the cogeneration system in which waste heat of an engine is mainly used to prevent an outdoor heat exchanger from being frosted, or is used not only to prevent the outdoor heat exchanger from being frosted, but also to enhance the heating performance of an indoor heat exchanger, in accordance with ambient temperature conditions, so that the cogeneration system can positively cope with ambient temperature conditions, and can exhibit a high energy efficiency.

Abstract: An exhaust structure for an engine is disclosed. The exhaust structure includes an exhaust line, through which the exhaust gas discharged from the engine passes. The exhaust line has a double pipe structure capable of preventing the condensed water formed in the exhaust line from entering the engine, so that it is possible to prevent engine failure, and thus, to achieve an enhancement in the durability and reliability of the engine.