Abstract: An electromagnetic induction non-contact charger includes a stand and a power source device arranged on the stand. A feeding coupler is coupled to a cable extending from the power source device. The power source device includes an outer casing and a vertical duct arranged in the outer casing. An intake hole and an exhaust hole are provided at the bottom of the outer housing, and a blower is arranged in the outer casing above the duct, so that air is taken in from the intake hole, flows up in the outer casing and outside the duct, enters the duct via blower at the top of the duct, flows down in the duct, and is discharged from the exhaust hole. The duct is constructed using a cooling fin plate, and a circuit board is directly attached to the duct. The stand is tubular, and the exhaust hole is in communication with interior space of the stand. The stand has outlet holes and louvers which are attached to the stand.

Abstract: A rail tracking system and method for providing precise tracking of voltage levels to a dual supply voltage Integrated Circuit. A switch mode DC-DC voltage regulator is used to derive the lower of the two voltage levels from the higher level. The switch mode regulator employs a pulse width modulator (PWM) to derive the lower voltage level. A separate supply source is utilized to power the PWM and the timing of the supply voltage is such that the PWM has reached steady state before the higher voltage level is provided to the regulator.

Abstract: The invention prevents shift register circuits from malfunctioning. A distribution circuit outputs a trailing trigger pulse DTP and a leading trigger pulse UTP. A trailing edge control circuit and a leading edge control circuit delay the trailing trigger pulse DTP and the leading trigger pulse UTP, respectively. The delay time of each of these control circuits can be set. These delay times are determined according to a threshold voltage of a TFT constituting a shift register. An inverted clock signal CLYINV is generated according to output signals of the control circuits. The shift register is driven by a clock signal CLY and an inverted clock signal CLYINV.

Abstract: An apparatus for measuring current carried by a conductor has a differential voltage amplifier having inputs for connection to the conductor at two spaced-apart points thereof, constituting the ends of a segment. A circuit which converts an output voltage of the amplifier into a current value incorporates a microcontroller associated with a programmable memory storing a calibration table in digital form.

Abstract: The test rig of a machine (1) includes a distributed exploitation of the test results, where the signals originating from the sensors (2) are ordered into a single signal, passing through a broad pass-band cable (6), via a common acquisition module (5). The computers (11, 12, 13) in association with miscellaneous display means (7, 8, 9, 10) search for the measurements which interest them on pre-set frames of the signal by using lists of relations contained in a host computer (12).

Abstract: In the present invention, Hall ICs are mounted opposite to a permanent magnet fixed onto a rotary shaft of a throttle valve. The rotary shaft is rotated to adjust the throttle valve to a predetermined degree of opening and is fixed temporarily to that throttle opening. An output value corresponding to that throttle opening is written into the Hall ICs from the exterior. That is, writing of the throttle opening output value is done in only the final stage after completion of the mounting of the Hall ICs.

Abstract: An absolute position transducer system has two members movable relative to each other and includes a code track transducer and at least one fine wavelength transducer. The code track is arranged to form a sequential pattern of base-N code words, where N is greater than two (i.e., non-binary). Each sequential non-binary code word identifies an absolute position of one member with respect to the other at a first resolution. Alternatively, the code track is arranged to form a pseudo-random non-binary code word pattern. In this case, the transducer system compares a non-binary code word with a look-up table to determine an absolute position of one member with respect to the other at a first resolution. In order to generate a non-binary code word pattern, code track transducer employs different-sized flux disrupters, different-sized flux enhancers, or a combination of flux disrupters and enhancers.

Abstract: Methods for imaging the distribution of a marker compound in a sample using magnetic resonance imaging.

Abstract: In a capacitive voltage divider for measuring high voltage pulses with millisecond pulse duration comprising a high voltage divider including a first cascade of at least two serially arranged condensers of which one (C1) is disposed at the high potential end and another (C2) is disposed at the low potential end of the cascade, and a measuring voltage divider connected to the other condenser (C2) and including a second cascade of at least first and second serially arranged condensers (C3, C4) arranged, respectively, at the high and low potential ends of the second cascade with the second condenser being connected with its low voltage side to a signal supply line leading to a measuring device, and an ohmic resistor (R1) arranged in parallel with the first condenser and a resistance (R2) connected to the one and first condensers in parallel with the second condenser (C4), the ohmic resistor (R1) is so dimensioned that

Abstract: An electrical discharge state detecting device for an electrical discharge machining machine which detects an electrical discharge state during an electrical discharge machining operation. The detecting device includes a high-pass filter for detecting a high-frequency component superimposed on an electrical discharge voltage or an electrical discharge current at a machining clearance between an electrode and a workpiece, a rectifying circuit for outputting a rectified component of the high-frequency component, a first integration circuit for integrating the rectified component, a reference voltage circuit, a second integrating circuit for integrating the reference voltage, a comparator for comparing the two integrated values, an electrical discharge generation detecting circuit for controlling starting and ending of the integrating circuits, a logic circuit, and a delay circuit and reset circuits.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method and a sensor (1) for oil-in-water measurement, in particular for the oil industry. In an electric measuring cell (7, 12) a capacitance is measured as a measure of an oil concentration in the water flowing through or in the accumulation filter (16, 16a, 16b). In order to reduce the maintenance requirement, the measuring cell (7, 12) is automatically calibrated at recurring time intervals with clean water (FIG. 1) and/or flushed with water, possibly oil-contaminated, in the back-flushing direction (FIG. 2). Advantages of the invention are, inter alia, reduced signal drift, improved long-term reliability and a long service life without monitoring or filter exchange.

Abstract: A method for diagnosing bridging faults with inexpensively-obtained stuck-at signatures, in which only those faults determined to be realistic through inductive fault analysis are considered as candidates, match restrictions and match requirements are imposed during matching in order to minimize diagnosis size, and match ranking is applied and the matching criteria relaxed to further increase the effective precision and to increase the number of correct diagnoses. In addition, the method reduces the number of bridging fault candidates by constructing a dictionary of composite signatures of node pairs based on a ranking threshold.

Abstract: This invention discloses a customizable logic army device including an array of programmable cells having a multiplicity of inputs and a multiplicity of outputs and customized interconnections overlying at least a portion of the programmable cell for permanently interconnecting at least a plurality of the multiplicity of inputs and at least a plurality of the multiplicity of outputs.

Abstract: Even input bit lines, a first latch circuit group and a second latch circuit group are provided in a logical circuit. The first latch circuit group has a plurality of latch circuits which simultaneously latch a plurality of signal bits propagating the even input bit lines, respectively, in a first timing. The second latch circuit group has a plurality of latch circuits which simultaneously latch a plurality of signal bits propagating the even input bit lines, respectively, in a second timing. The output ends of a plurality of latch circuits are wired-OR to a first node, the plurality of latch circuits latching signal bits which propagate one half of the even input hit lines. The output ends of a plurality of latch circuits are wired-OR to a second node, the plurality of latch circuits latching signal bits which propagate remaining one half of the even input bit lines. The first and the second nodes, are wired-OR to a third node.

Abstract: A fast switching device for passing or blocking signals between two input/output ports includes a transistor having a first and a second terminal and a control terminal. The first and second terminals are connected between the two ports. The transistor passes signals between the ports when the transistor is turned on and blocks the passage of signals between the ports when the transistor is turned off. The resistance between the first and second terminals is less than about 10 ohms when the transistor is turned on. The device further includes a driver for controlling the control terminal of the transistor for turning it on or off. Preferably the capacitance between the first or second terminal and a reference potential is less than about 50 pF.

Abstract: There is provided a gray scale display reference voltage generating circuit that can change a gamma correction characteristic in accordance with a liquid crystal material and LCD panel characteristics. Resistor elements R0 through R7 have a resistance ratio for gamma correction and generate gamma-corrected intermediate voltages on the basis of voltages across both input terminals V0 and V64. A gamma correction adjustment circuit 42 adjusts the gamma-corrected intermediate voltages upward or downward on the basis of adjustment data latched in a data latch circuit 43. By thus supplying the adjustment data corresponding to the liquid crystal material and the LCD panel characteristics to the data latch circuit 43, the gamma correction characteristic can be changed in accordance with the liquid crystal material and the LCD panel characteristics without modifying the design of a source driver.

Abstract: A quadrature demodulator applicable to digital communication and digital broadcast is provided, which simplifies the circuit configuration of a quadrature demodulator section and which reduces the labor or man-hours and the time required for adjusting the demodulation characteristic.

Abstract: A power amplifier system for use in amplifying an RF input signal exhibiting a given operating frequency within a known range of frequencies. The system includes a signal modulator that receives and modifies the input signal and provides therefrom a modified first signal. A power amplifier receives and amplifies the modified first signal. A first power detector detects the input signal and provides therefrom an average input power signal representative of the average input power thereof. A second power detector connected to the output of the amplifier provides an output average power signal representative of the average output power thereof. A controller adjusts the magnitude of said average input power signal and the magnitude of said average output power signal as a function of the operating frequency. The controller compares the adjusted said input average power signal and said adjusted output average power signal and controls said modulator in accordance therewith.

Abstract: In accordance with one aspect of the present invention, a power amplifier system is provided for amplifying an RF input signal. The system includes a signal modulator that receives and modifies an input signal and provides therefrom a modified input signal. The system further includes a plurality of M sub-power amplifiers connected together in parallel with each receiving and amplifying a portion of the modified input signal. A combiner combines the amplified portions to provide a combined output signal. A power detector receives the combined output signal and provides therefrom an average output power signal representative of the average output power thereof. A controller monitors the operation of the M sub-power amplifiers to determine if any have failed and adjusts the magnitude of the output power signal to compensate for any failure. The controller controls the modulator in accordance with a function of the magnitude of the output power signal.

Abstract: An angle sensor in which, when a biasing member is used, a biasing force in the &bgr;2 direction acts on a driving gear, and a biasing force in the &bgr;1 direction acts on an auxiliary gear. This prevents backlash from occurring between a rotary member and the driving member, making it possible to reduce rattling between the rotary member and the driving member. A fitting member is provided at the free end side of a resilient supporting member in order to resiliently press a screw shaft in the Z1 direction. Therefore, internal threads of inside surfaces of corresponding fitting portions of the fitting member and thread grooves of the screw shaft can be made to uniformly closely contact each other, making it possible reduce rattling caused by backlash therebetween. Consequently, the angle of rotation of a steering wheel which is mounted to the rotary member is detected with high precision.

Abstract: A driving state monitoring apparatus for a vehicle, for monitoring a driving state of a vehicle of a driver is disclosed. According to the apparatus, a behavior parameter indicative of a lateral movement of the vehicle and a vehicle speed are detected. A behavior reference is set according to changes in the behavior parameter. A running locus of the vehicle is calculated according to the behavior parameter, the behavior reference, and the vehicle speed. A plurality of vehicle behavior feature parameters indicative of the feature of vehicle behavior is calculated according to the running locus and it is determined whether or not the driving state of the driver is proper according to the plurality of vehicle behavior feature parameters.

Abstract: A method for alarming decrease in tire air-pressure for judging a decrease in internal pressure of a tire attached to a four-wheeled vehicle and for accordingly generating alarm. A threshold for judging decompression is set to be larger immediately after switching an ignition key ON when compared to a threshold for the vehicle in a normal running condition, and decompression is judged in a decompression judging time which is shorter than a time for the vehicle in a normal running condition. The threshold for judging decompression and the decompression judging time are returned to those for the normal running condition of the vehicle in case no decompression is judged. An apparatus used for the method is also disclosed. It is possible to detect a condition in which a large decompressed condition exists at an early stage before starting running so that it is possible to improve the accuracy of detecting decompression.

Abstract: The invention relates to a resonant tag including an insulating thin film and coiled circuits made of a metal foil respectively formed on both sides of the insulating thin film. The coiled circuits are formed in an electrically connected relation to each other with a space at the center of the insulating thin film. Said both coils are almost superimposed on each other to form a capacitor, thereby constituting an LC circuit. The area of a portion of each side of the thin film, said portion being surrounded by the innermost peripheries of both coils and having no metal foil on both sides, is controlled to at least 16% based on the whole area of said one side of the tag, whereby a resonant tag having an area of at most 700 mm2 can be obtained.

Abstract: A rearview mirror assembly incorporating one or more vehicle information displays includes an information display area in a portion of the rearview mirror housing which is at an angle to the plane of the reflective mirror element to provide improved visibility of the display by a front seat passenger. The information display can be provided in either the chin or eyebrow area of the rearview mirror housing, in the end of the mirror housing, or, alternately, in the field of view of the reflective mirror element itself or as a combination thereof.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of signalling traffic-relevant status information (5), in particular warning signals, to road users. In order to convey warning signals in a simple and reliable manner to road users when these are distracted by terminal equipment, it is provided that the terminal equipment, in particular mobile telephone, audio device, computer, is used for acoustic and/or optical and/or mechanical signalling, during which time the normal function of the terminal is suppressed.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for measurement of the radar target cross section of an object with both moving and fixed parts, which method comprises a first measurement with high frequency resolution, from which information can be extracted on modulations in the signal received that derive from moving parts of the object and fixed parts of the object respectively. The invention is characterized in that the method comprises a second measurement with high range resolution, and filtering of the measuring result obtained from the second measurement, which filtering is performed around a certain frequency that is obtained by means of the measuring result from the first measurement.

Abstract: A communications system in which a communications channel is defined at least in part by an electromagnetic wave having a carrier frequency and an electric field vector, the extremity or terminus of which traces a non-linear periodic path at a rotation frequency less than the carrier frequency and greater than zero from the perspective of an observer looking into the axis of propagation of the wave. The transmitter of the communications system launches a wave having such characteristics and modulated with information in a suitable manner. The receiver of the communications system is sensitive to the periodic path and rotation frequency. The combination of the periodic path and the carrier frequency provides selectivity that can be used to define multiple communications channels.

Abstract: A wireless communication system employs directive antenna arrays and knowledge of position of users to form narrow antenna beams to and from desired users and away from undesired users to reduce co-channel interference. By reducing co-channel interference coming from different directions, spatial filtering with antenna arrays improves the call capacity of the system. A space division multiple access (SDMA) system allocates a narrow antenna beam pattern to each user in the system so that each user has its own communication channel free from co-channel interference. The position of the users is determined using geo-location techniques. Geo-location can be derived via triangulation between cellular base stations or via a global positioning system (GPS) receiver. The system can be optimized by applying partially adaptive processing algorithms, which are seeded by geo-location data.

Abstract: The invention relates to a radiating source for transmitting and receiving, intended to be installed on board a satellite to define a radiation pattern in a terrestrial zone, said source being intended to be disposed in or near the focal plane of a reflector associated with other sources corresponding to other terrestrial zones. The source includes a plurality of radiating apertures, each of which has an efficiency at least equal to 70%, and feed means for feeding said radiating apertures. The radiating apertures and their feed means are such that the energy radiated by all of the radiating apertures is practically limited to the corresponding reflector, at least for transmission.

Abstract: An integrated circuit card contains a liquid crystal display for displaying at least a portion of the information stored therein. The displayed information is stored in a first, or reserved, memory. A second, or additional, memory is used to store further information. The use of a reserved memory for storing the displayed information permits the use of very low power electrical energy sources for driving the display and the electronics controlling the pixels of the display, such as piezoelectric sources, pyroelectric sources, photovoltaic cells, and very small batteries. The first and second memories may be integrated into a single IC chip, or they may be separate components.

Abstract: In an active-matrix-driven LCD device, a driver circuit and a display section are formed on one substrate and in which each of thin-film transistors included in the driver circuit and display section has an active layer made of a polysilicon that has been formed by enhancing its crystal growth. The driver circuit operates to write data of a same polarity to all pixels of an entire one-frame screen but write data of different polarities to different frames adjoining each other on a time base at a frame frequency of about 100 Hz or more.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device is obtained which performs point-sequential driving so that unevenness in brightness on a display screen becomes less noticeable. A signal line driving circuit that applies an image signal voltage sent from a signal processing circuit and a timing circuit to signal lines for performing point-sequential driving of the signal lines includes a driving direction switching circuit for inverting a driving direction of the point-sequential driving, and the signal processing circuit includes an image signal rearranging circuit for performing rearrangement of image signals, which is needed in accordance with inversion of the driving direction, in synchronization with the inversion of the driving direction.

Abstract: The provision of a liquid crystal display driving process which prevents the appearance of motion blur without any increase in circuit size or any reduction in panel numerical aperture. A driving process for a liquid crystal display in which a plurality of scanning lines 2 and a plurality of signal lines 3 are disposed in a grid like arrangement, and display of an image corresponding with image data is performed by selecting any one of the scanning lines 2 at one time, and altering the state of a liquid crystal via the signal line 3, wherein an image data selection period t1 and a black display selection period t2 are set within a time frame shorter than the time necessary for scanning any one of the aforementioned scanning lines 2, and an image corresponding with the aforementioned image data is displayed via the aforementioned signal line 3 during the image data selection period t1, and a monochromatic image is displayed via the aforementioned signal line 3 during the black display selection period t2.

Abstract: A computer graphics apparatus is constructed for presenting on a display device a motion of an object defined by a plurality of articular segments manipulatable according to state values thereof. In the computer graphics apparatus, an input device has a plurality of control units, each of which is operable for time-sequentially inputting a control amount. An assignment device provides assignment information which defines correspondence between the control units of the input device and the articular segments of the object. A function device provides a functional parameter which defines a relation between the control amount of each control unit and the state value of each articular segment when the correspondence is defined between each control unit and each articular segment according to the assignment information.

Abstract: An electronic input device (MS) has a flexible keyboard (14) for receiving user input and a housing (10) defining a space for accommodating the keyboard. The input device has a compacted state and an extended state. The keyboard adopts a compacted spatial configuration in the compacted state and adopts an extended spatial configuration in the second state. In the compacted state the keyboard is wound on a roll. The input device additionally has a retractable, flexible display having corresponding compacted and extended states so that both the keyboard and the display can be rolled in and out together.

Abstract: In an electronic device, a combination of an electronic visual display on a housing, electronic circuitry in the housing, the housing having at least one human user depressible surface with associated analog pressure-sensitive element for output of a signal of variable value utilized by the circuitry to control or manipulate one or more functions of the device. The at least one analog pressure-sensitive element receives pressure applied by a user's finger or thumb to the depressible surface, varied pressure applied by the user determines varied value of the signal. The resultant control manipulation from the analog variable value is in some manner indicated, displayed or made visually detectable on the display at least at the time of manipulation so that the user receives visual feedback allowing termination, increase or decrease, if needed or desired, of finger pressure on the depressible surface of the analog sensor.

Abstract: A portable communication device (1) has a microphone (5) and a processing device for receiving a handwritten message from a user and converting the received information into digital data.

Abstract: In a digital map display zooming method for enlarging and reducing a displayed portion of a digital map as map information in digital form within a display screen, continuous enlarging operation and continuous reducing operation of the displayed portion of the digital map within the display screen are designated by operating the first designating part and the second designating part of a pointing device, respectively.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for displaying an anamorphically compressed image on a computer monitor performs a horizontal stretching of the image. An interpolation mechanism is employed to convert a 720×480 pixel resolution image recovered from an image storage medium into a horizontally stretched 800×480 image suitable for display on the computer monitor in a high resolution display mode. The horizontal stretching of the image, in contrast to vertical squeezing of the image, avoids loss of vertical resolution in the displayed image.

Abstract: A method provides a tool, which enables a user to review or examine filter conditions set based on input forms in an easier manner. The method generates a filter condition tree view for display to the user. The tree view represents the filter conditions as set by the user in one or more input forms. The tree view is a particularly simple and efficient way of displaying the filter conditions set by the user, thereby making it easier for the user to check at a glance which conditions actually have been set. The user can not only set filter conditions to be linked by a Boolean AND, which are the filter conditions input into a single input form, but also the user can input filter conditions to be linked to other filter conditions by a Boolean function, e.g., a Boolean OR. This is attained by providing the user with multiple input forms, where the filter conditions set in one of the forms are linked to the filter conditions input in another of the forms by a Boolean OR.

Abstract: In an image display device for receiving and displaying image data, color converter converts the image data on the basis of conversion characteristics data stored in a conversion characteristics storage. The conversion characteristics designation means including means for designating the chroma of the colors outputs the conversion characteristics designation data, and conversion characteristics setting means calculates the conversion characteristics data on the basis of the conversion characteristics designation data, and sets the conversion characteristics data in the conversion characteristics storage. The color converter comprises a calculation term generator for receiving the first image data, and outputting calculation terms which are effective just for the specific hues; and a matrix calculator performing matrix calculation using the calculation terms effective just for the specific hues. The user can adjust just the chroma of the desired color.

Abstract: A printing control method is provided which is capable of notifying, with a simple operation and in a short time, an operator of whether printing is enabled or disabled or of exact residual amounts of printing agents, even when printing objects including a variety of documents or images are to be printed in a color format and which is capable of reducing efficiently running costs and of enabling a printing device to be cost-effective and small-sized.

Abstract: It is an object to provide an ink-jet recording apparatus capable of always obtaining an image having a high quality without difficulty for a user by precisely detecting a cause which deteriorates image quality and by efficiently resolving the cause. The cause of the deterioration in image quality is detected on the basis of a difference S between image data G intended to be recorded and read data Y which is obtained by reading the image that is recorded on a recording medium (S=G−Y), thereby determining a processing method for resolving the cause. The determined processing method is executed and, thus, normal recording is always possible.

Abstract: A liquid discharge apparatus includes a carriage on which are exchangeably mounted a recording discharging portion, for which is formed a recording liquid discharging port from which a recording liquid is discharged, and a processing liquid discharging portion, for which is formed a processing liquid discharging port from which a processing liquid is discharged to process the recording liquid, a dedicated recording liquid recovery member for, when the carriage is halted, performing a recovery process on a face in which the recording liquid discharging port is formed, and a processing liquid recovery member dedicated for, when the carriage is halted, performing a recovery process on a face in which the processing liquid discharging port is formed.

Abstract: In a liquid ejecting head having a first liquid flow path communicating with an ejecting port for ejecting a liquid to be ejected and an element substrate having a heating element for forming a bubble from a bubble forming liquid as well as including a second liquid flow path corresponding to the first liquid flow path and a movable separation membrane for substantially separating the first liquid flow path and the second liquid flow path corresponding to the first liquid flow path from each other at all times, the liquid ejecting head includes an atmosphere communication port facing the atmosphere for communicating the second liquid flow path with the atmosphere, and an atmosphere communication path having an atmosphere communication path introduction port facing the second liquid flow path, wherein the atmosphere communication port is formed through the same surface as that of the ejecting port, whereby the liquid ejecting head can remove remaining bubbles in the bubble forming liquid by a simple arrangemen

Abstract: An ink jet printing process for improving the water-fastness of an ink jet image comprising:

Abstract: In a thermal printer, the print mode that has been set by the user is judged at the start of printing. When the high-speed print mode is set, the standard deviation &sgr; of the original image data is calculated. According to the standard deviation &sgr;, it is judged whether the densities are evenly distributed. When the densities are evenly distributed, a gradation conversion characteristic is selected for converting the gradation in the entire density range only by decreasing the number of gradation levels of the output image. When the densities are intensively concentrated in a specific density range, it is further judged whether the specific density range is the low, middle, or high density range. According to the judgement, the gradation values of input data are converted using a gradation conversion characteristic for decreasing the number of gradation levels of the output image and accurately reproducing the gradation in the specific density range.

Abstract: Four beams are caused to scan a scanning surface in the main scanning direction in parallel. The beams expose the target area between two optical sensors, not the surface of a photosensitive drum, to produce correction data to correct shifts in the exposure positions of the four beams in the main scanning direction with an accuracy of less than a small fraction of one pixel. On the basis of the correction data, an actual image formation area is set on the photosensitive drum. This makes it possible to always control the relative exposure scanning position accurately even when the relationship between the main scanning positions of the light beams is unknown.

Abstract: A determination is made as to whether or not the magnification set for image sensing is greater than the upper limit of the optical finder. When the set magnification is greater, the original image is subjected to a thinness process, the LCD is automatically turned ON, and the image is displayed. When using electronic zoom, an image of the photographic object corresponding to the effective image sensing magnification is displayed on the LCD 10, thereby avoiding impairing the compactness of the digital camera allowing easy confirmation of the photographic object, and allowing easy framing without providing a large optical finder.

Abstract: An auto-focus apparatus, a focus adjusting method, an image capturing apparatus and an image capturing method make it possible to perform accurate focus adjustment on a subject for which the focus should be adjusted. The auto-focus apparatus emits an irradiation wave from emitting means for irradiation to a subject while changing an incident angle of the irradiation wave, detects an incident angle of a reflected wave of the irradiation wave reflected by the subject, incident on light receiving means positioned corresponding to the emitting means, determines based on the emitting angle and the incident angle whether or not the subject is a subject for which the focus is adjusted, and adjusts the focus on the subject when determining that the subject is the subject for which the focus should be adjusted, thereby making it possible to accurately adjust the focus on the subject for which the focus should be adjusted.