Abstract: An apparatus for controlling ink supply by varying the opening degree of an ink fountain key according to a measured density of a printed matter includes a control means for determining a reference correction value of the opening degree of the ink fountain key according to a density difference between a target density of the printed matter or a reference density and a measured density, and determining a correction value by multiplying the reference correction value by a coefficient having a value of more than 1. The control means controls the ink fountain key according to the correction value of the opening degree of the ink fountain key until the number of sheets printed from the start of the printing exceeds a predetermined number, and controls the ink fountain key according to the reference correction value after the number of sheets printed exceeds the predetermined number.

Abstract: A powder apparatus for a sheet-fed rotary printing press includes a nozzle, valve, state detection unit, arithmetic operation unit, and controller. The nozzle sprays powder onto a printed surface of a sheet delivered after printing. The valve adjusts a quantity of powder sprayed from the nozzle. The state detection unit detects a quantity of powder attaching to the sheet. The arithmetic operation unit and controller control the valve on the basis of data output from the state detection unit and indicating a powder quantity.

Abstract: A lithographic printing plate precursor comprises an electrochemically grained aluminium substrate, the grained surface of which is coated with a layer of gel-like amorphous colloidal oxides and hydroxides of aluminium and their hydrates incorporating metallic aluminium and inter-metallic aluminium alloys—generally at a level of below 5%—this layer being produced during the electrochemical graining process. The layer is typically present in an amount of from 0.1-20 g/m2 and at a layer thickness of 0.1-4.0 &mgr;m, the particle sizes in the said layer generally falling in the range of from 10 to 2000nm. Methods are disclosed for the preparation of said precursors via the electrochemical graining of aluminium substrates. The invention provides lithographic printing plate precursors which may be imagewise exposed by means of a high intensity laser beam to provide printing plates showing high durability on press and giving images which show good resolution and are free from background staining.

Abstract: The invention relates to an igniter tube, notably for artillery ammunition, and comprising a stack of at least two ring-shaped tablets made of an igniting composition and joined together by a heat-shrinkable sheath.

Abstract: The ballast tamper comprises two tool holders articulated to a chassis and equipped with tools set in vibration and fitting one on each side of a single or double cross tie of the track. The tops of the tool holders are connected by a hydraulic gripper ram. The supply of hydraulic fluid to the ram, for at least one of its directions of travel, is provided by an external hydraulic assembly which comprises means for metering an amount of fluid let into the ram or discharged therefrom so as to cause the rod of this ram to selectively describe a limited gripper opening stroke, in the case of a single cross tie, or a full stroke, in the case of a double cross tie. A particularly quiet “hydraulic stop” effect is thus achieved.

Abstract: A mortar composition, curable by frontal polymerization after heat initiation, is described, wherein are contained a) at least one polymerizable monomer and/or at least one curable resin, b) at least one polymerization initiator, which can be activated and/or released thermally at a temperature above 30° C., for the polymerizable monomers and/or curing accelerator for the curable resin and c) optionally at least one filler, the nature and amount of polymerizable monomer or curable resin and polymerization initiator or curing accelerator being selected so that a polymerization front velocity of at least 10 cm/min results after the polymerization is initiated, as well as a method for fastening tie bars, reinforcing steel or the like in solid substrates.

Abstract: A cement admixture comprising (A) a compound selected from a melaminesulfonic acid formaldehyde condensate, a naphthalenesulfonic acid formaldehyde condensate and salts thereof and (B) a copolymer obtained by copolymerizing a monomer mixture comprising (a) from 30 to 90 mass % of one or more N-vinylcarboxylic acid amide-type monomer represented by the formula (1) below, (b) from 10 to 70 mass % of one or more anionic unsaturated monomer selected from an unsaturated carboxylic acid-type monomer represented by the formula (2) below and an unsaturated sulfonic acid-type monomer represented by the formula (3) below, and optionally (c) from 0 to 40 mass % of one or more nonionic unsaturated monomer, provided that the total of (a), (b) and (c) is 100 mass %, wherein the symbols in the formulae are as described in the specification.

Abstract: A bowling scoring unit is integrally mounted to one end of a table. In one embodiment, a swivel mount is provided and is coupled between the table and the scoring unit. In another embodiment, the table includes a recess or an aperture for integrally receiving and supporting the scoring unit.

Abstract: A sewn cover assembly of a type that is to undergo a foaming process involving injection and curing of a liquid foaming material therein. The cover assembly is formed by sewing together plural cover elements via two different sewing threads, using a sewing machine, so as to completely close and seal the needle holes formed therein against leakage of the liquid foaming material through the needle holes. Namely, one of the two threads used is large in thickness relative to another of them, thereby serving as a leakage preventive member in addition to being a sewing thread. A foamed product is also disclosed, which is formed by injecting and curing a liquid foaming material in such sewn cover assembly.

Abstract: The present invention provides a watercraft having steering components (steering tabs or stabilizers) for maintaining steering capability even while amount of water ejected from a propulsion pump is decreased. The steering components are movably disposed on a hull of the watercraft at or below the water level on both right and left sides to be in an “Operating State” in which resistance of water is larger or to be in a “Non-operating State” in which the resistance of water is smaller in accordance with steering operation. Furthermore, a mechanism for absorbing an external force acting on the steering components in the “Operating State” is located in a system for operating the steering components. The mechanism reacts to the external force to allow the steering components to be transformed into the “Non-operating State.

Abstract: The invention concerns an autonomous container ship comprising a hull, a propulsion system, loading and unloading systems for loading and unloading containers, and a balancing system. The ship transports containers from larger ports equipped with facilities for loading and unloading containers to smaller ports which may not provide such equipment and may be less than 4 meters deep. The ship includes a propulsion system to propel the ship to cruising speed on the high seas and at lower speeds in estuaries and ports, loading and unloading systems adapted to ports not provided with appropriate equipment, and a balancing system for balancing the ship at sea by providing stability and trim during container handling operations.

Abstract: A submersible vehicle comprising a plurality of rigid submersible vessels 2, 3, some of which, 2, include propulsion means and some of which, 3, do not include propulsion means, the rigid submersible vessels being coupled by resilient couplings which are adapted to transmit pulling and braking forces between adjacent rigid submersible vessels and also to limit the maximum angle between the axis of adjacent submersible vessels to 10.

Abstract: In a process for producing a raw material powder comprising lithium potassium niobate for growing a single crystal of lithium potassium niobate, starting raw materials comprising lithium carbonate powder, potassium carbonate powder and niobium pentoxide powder are mixed in a solvent, lithium carbonate powder and potassium carbonate powder are entirely dissolved into the solvent, lithium carbonate and potassium carbonate are deposited around niobium pentoxide powder by spray-drying the mixture to obtain granulated powder, and then the granulated powder is thermally treated to produce the raw material powder.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for producing an oxide single crystal, comprising the steps of: melting a raw material for a single crystal of an oxide inside a crucible, contacting a seed crystal with the resulting melt, growing the oxide single crystal by pulling-down the melt through an opening of the crucible in a given pulling-down axis, and fixedly holding the seed crystal and then reducing an angle of a given crystalline orientation of the seed crystal selected for growing the single crystal to the pulling-down axis.

Abstract: In an apparatus for growing a semiconductor crystal from semiconductor melt, a crucible retains the semiconductor melt. An electrode contacts with the semiconductor melt and applies current to the semiconductor melt. The electrode is formed by the same material as the semiconductor crystal.

Abstract: Metal impurities, particularly, Ni as a transition metal under the Si surface which are mainly attributable to surface defects are removed to highly purify the Si surface, and the Si surface is atomically flattened correspondingly by hydrogenating the Si surface containing metal impurities under the surface by means of a gas phase process or a liquid phase process, thereby extracting the metal impurities onto the Si surface.

Abstract: A scale in the nanometer range for technical devices which are used for the high-resolution or ultrahigh-resolution imaging of structures. To construct the scale, at least two different crystalline or amorphous materials are used, which, when imaged, are easily distinguished from one another by their contrast. These material layers are deposited using a suitable material deposition method as a heterolayer sequence onto a substrate material. The produced heterolayer sequence is characterized experimentally using an analysis method that is sensitive to the individual layer thicknesses of the heterolayer sequence. The data obtained from the analysis method are evaluated and recorded. The layer structure is exposed by splitting open the heterolayer sequence in the deposition direction. The scale is suited for calibrating technical devices used for scanning electron microscopy, scanning transmission electron microscopy, or scanning probe microscopy (atomic force microscopy, scanning tunneling microscopy).

Abstract: This invention relates to fabrication of a single crystal of a compound semiconductor according to the vertical Bridgman method which improves a recess in the interface between solid and melt and can obtain a stable yield of single crystal growth characterized in that a part for discharging the heat of a crucible to the outside in the radial direction is formed at least in a part in the circumferential direction of a heater part for controlling the interface between solid and melt in a heater which surrounds the crucible and a semiconductor melt is gradually solidified from a lower part to an upper part in the crucible while maintaining the interface between solid and melt in a saddle shape, thereby growing a single crystal.

Abstract: Plant for powder coating the surfaces of objects with polymeric powder having a melting and softening temperature below 100° C. The polymeric powder includes a polymer curable under the influence of electromagnetic radiation. Objects to be coated are prepared to retain powder charged with static electricity. The objects are then sprayed with powder charged with static electricity and thereafter heated to a surface temperature of about 100° C. thereby melting the powder retained on the surface by exposure to infrared radiation and heated air. The objects are radiated by electromagnetic radiation for curing of the powder over the surface of the objects.

Abstract: A vertical low-pressure chemical vapor deposition furnace. The furnace includes an outer quartz tube, a heating device and a gas injector. The heating device is installed on the exterior sidewalls of the outer quartz tube for heating the quartz tube. The gas injector includes an entrance section, a looping main body and an outlet section. The input section penetrates a hole on the lower sidewall of the outer quartz tube. The looping main body is positioned between the outer quartz tube and a quartz boat. One end of the looping main body is connected to the input section while the other end is connected to the output section. Reactive gases flowing into the input section is preheated in the looping main body before delivering into the reaction chamber.

Abstract: There is described a reactor for manufacturing a semiconductor device. The reactor includes a container for enclosing a gas and has an aperture and a surface ambient to the aperture. A seal for sealing the aperture of the container with a surface is pressed against the surface of the container. Portions of the surface of the container and corresponding portions of the surface of the seal form a combination of a beveled peak and groove surrounding the aperture. Therefore, with improved sealing a pressure variation of the gas within the container caused by a pressure variation in the ambient environment is reduced.

Abstract: A multi-purpose, species-discriminating bird feeder includes a base, a top, and a plurality of sides extending between the base and the top. At least two of the sides include an upper side member and a lower side member. The upper and lower side members are at least partially spaced from each other to provide an ingress/egress opening so that birds of a selected size may enter and exit an interior portion of the bird feeder through its sides. Birds or mammals larger than the selected size are prevented from entering the interior portion. Each upper side member is manually selectively adjustable so that a size of the respective ingress/egress opening between the upper and lower side members may be adjusted. The construction of the bird feeder provides good visibility for the birds to enter the bird feeder and for bird watchers to watch the birds feed. In addition, the location of the ingress/egress openings allows prompt exit from the feeder by birds disturbed by predators or other disturbance.

Abstract: A separator separates water and steam. The separator has a steam-side outlet conduit, a water-side outlet conduit, and a separating chamber between a number of inlet conduits. A swirl breaker is upstream of the water-side outlet conduit. To achieve the lowest possible pressure loss with a simultaneously high medium throughput and an effective separating action, the length of the separating chamber is at least 5 times the internal diameter (DI) of the chamber. Furthermore, the ratio of the overall flow cross section of the inlet conduits to the square of the internal diameter of the separating chamber is between 0.2 and 0.3. Within a water/steam separating apparatus, the separator is connected to a water-collecting tank such that the top end of the latter is located beneath halfway along the length of the separator—calculated from the water-side, bottom end of the same.

Abstract: The invention relates to a two-stroke engine in a portable handheld work apparatus. A combustion chamber (3) is formed in a cylinder (2) and the chamber is delimited by a piston (5). At least one transfer channel (14) is provided which connects the crankcase (4) to the combustion chamber (3). An air channel (22) opens into the transfer channel (14) and this channel supplies essentially fuel-free gas, preferably air. The intake channel (28) of a carburetor (8) is connected to an intake opening (45) in the housing base (41) of the air filter housing (43) upstream of a carburetor throttle flap. The intake channel (28) connects downstream of the carburetor throttle flap to an intake channel (9) to the crankcase (4).

Abstract: The invention relates to a two-stroke engine in a portable handheld work apparatus such as a motor-driven chain saw or the like. A combustion chamber (3) is formed in the cylinder (2) of the two-stroke engine (1). The combustion chamber (3) is delimited by the piston (5). The piston (5) drives the crankshaft (7) via a connecting rod (6) and the crankshaft (7) is rotatably journalled in the crankcase (4). The two-stroke engine includes several transfer channels (14), which, referred to a symmetry plane (49), lie on opposite-lying sides (47, 48) with the plane partitioning approximately the outlet (10). The transfer channels (14) connect the crankcase (4) with the combustion chamber (3). A first end (20) of each transfer channel (14) opens via an entry window (12, 15) into the combustion chamber (3); whereas, the second end (19) of each transfer channel opens to the crankcase (4). Each transfer channel (14) is connected, between its ends (19, 20) to an air channel (22a, 22b) via a membrane valve (21).

Abstract: A fuel controlling apparatus of an internal combustion engine for controlling a quantity of a fuel that is supplied to the engine includes: a fuel injector that injects the fuel to the engine, the fuel injector being controlled on a basis of a throttle opening degree and an engine speed without measuring a quantity of an intake air that is taken through an intake system of the engine; and a carburetor that supplies the fuel to the engine using a negative pressure produced by the intake system of the engine. The fuel is supplied to the engine solely by the fuel injector while the engine speed is lower than a lower limit of a high engine speed range including an upper limit engine speed. The fuel is supplied to the engine by both the fuel injector and the carburetor so that the fuel of a necessary quantity is supplied to the engine by combining a quantity of the fuel supplied by the fuel injector and a quantity of the fuel supplied by the carburetor while the engine speed is in the high engine speed range.

Abstract: The invention relates to a two-stroke engine in a portable handheld work apparatus such as a motor chain saw. A combustion chamber (3) is formed in a cylinder (2) and is delimited by a piston (5). The piston (5) drives a crankshaft (7) via a connecting rod (6). The crankshaft is journalled in a crankcase (4). Air is supplied to the combustion chamber (3) via a first outlet-near transfer channel (15); whereas, the air/fuel mixture, which is needed for operation, flows in via a second outlet-remote transfer channel (12) from the crankcase (4). The constructive volume of the outlet-near transfer channel (15) is designed to approximately 20% to 60% of the volumetric total air input of the engine (1) in order to achieve a complete charge of the combustion chamber while having low scavenging losses.

Abstract: A valve system for an engine including a valve resting mechanism provided between an engine valve and a valve lifter supported by a cylinder head. The valve resting mechanism can place the engine valve into a resting state. The valve resting mechanism has a pin holder which includes a sliding hole having an axis perpendicular to the axis of a valve lifter, and an insertion hole for allowing a valve stem to pass therethrough. The pin holder is slidably fitted in the valve lifter. A slide pin is slidably fitted in the sliding hole, with a hydraulic force and a spring force applied to both ends of the slide pin. A containing hole is coaxially connectable to the insertion hole, and a rotation stopping means for stopping axial rotation of the slide pin is provided between the pin holder and the slide pin.

Abstract: The technique of the present invention reduces or even omits potential shocks and vibrations arising due to the coupling action of a coupling mechanism at the time of starting an internal combustion engine, and ensures a quick restart of the internal combustion engine. In a vehicle with an idling stop control apparatus of the present invention mounted thereon, a control unit inputs an inverted phase current Eon, which is determined according to the energy absorbing state of a transmission belt, into an auxiliary machinery driving electric motor, so as to brake rotations of the auxiliary machinery driving electric motor. After the input of the inverted phase current Eon into the auxiliary machinery driving electric motor, the control unit couples an electromagnetic clutch to link a crankshaft of the internal combustion engine with the auxiliary machinery driving electric motor. The value of the inverted phase current Eon is varied according to the energy absorbing state of the transmission belt.

Abstract: A combustion chamber arrangement for a direct fuel injected internal combustion engine wherein the combustion chamber is formed in part by a recess in the piston head. Fuel is injected into the combustion chamber so as to be introduced on one side of the recess with a spark plug being positioned so that its gap lies diametrically opposite the fuel injector. An arrangement is provided for introducing a swirl to the flow of fuel and the combustion chamber recess is canted so that its lower surface is deeper where the fuel first enters then on the other side so as to improve flame propagation and complete combustion while maintaining a high compression ratio.

Abstract: In a SOHC type internal combustion engine having a single camshaft, a fuel injector is provided for directly injecting a fuel into a combustion chamber, and an intake port is provided such that one end of the intake port is open at intake openings to the combustion chamber. The intake port extends toward the top face of a cylinder head between the camshaft and two intake valves, such that at least a part of the intake port passes through a region between the shortest lines connecting respective head portions of the intake valves and the camshaft.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for combustion misfire detection in multi-cylinder internal combustion engines. In the method, rough-running values for each cylinder of the engine are determined individually for each crankshaft rotation by measuring the segment times. The segment times include the times corresponding to the piston movement of each cylinder to be measured during which times the crankshaft passes through a corresponding circular segment angular region and, on the basis of filtered rough-running values, equalization or corrective factors are computed for each cylinder in an evaluation unit for influencing injection times or injection time points of each individual cylinder. The determined rough-running values (LUT) or the filtered rough-running values (FLUT) are compared in a desired value comparison to a threshold value (SW2) which is pregiven in value significantly less than the threshold value (SW1) for misfire detection.

Abstract: To feed stably fuel through a fuel injection valve for a long period of time and to stabilize pressure controlling characteristics of a fuel pressure controlling valve for a long period of time, a fuel case is partitioned into and formed by a fuel introduction chamber, a pump receiving chamber and a fuel discharge chamber. A fuel pump is received in the pump receiving chamber, an intake passage thereof communicates to the fuel introduction chamber and a discharge passage is directly opened to a filter received in fuel discharge chamber. The fuel discharged from the fuel pump is fed into the filter from the discharge passage and the fuel from which foreign matter has been removed through the filter is fed into the fuel discharge chamber. The clean fuel within the fuel discharge chamber is fed from a fuel discharge passage to a fuel distribution pipe and fed from a fuel introduction passage to the fuel chamber of the pressure controlling valve.

Abstract: A fuel supply device for an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle has a supply container, a feeding aggregate which is electric-motor driven and feeds fuel from the supply container to an injection device of the internal combustion engine, a pressure sensor which determines a fuel pressure downstream of the feeding aggregate, a control device connected with the pressure sensor and controlling an operation of the feeding aggregate so that a fuel pressure is at least approximately below a nominal pressure, a throttled discharge arranged downstream of the feeding aggregate, a valve device operative for controlling the discharge depending on a fuel pressure and opening the discharge when a fuel pressure located under the nominal pressure is exceeded, and a check valve integrated in the feeding aggregate.

Abstract: A structure is made such that the number of parts of an intake valve and a discharge valve for preventing a back flow of a fuel is reduced and the number of an assembling processes and labors is reduced, without a pump function being not deteriorated. An intake valve (21) provided between an intake chamber (12) and a pump chamber (6) is constituted of a valve seat (22) protruded to an inner portion of the pump chamber (6) and a valve body (25) formed by a portion of a pump diaphragm (3) opposing to the valve seat (22), and the valve body (25) opens and closes a valve seat port (23) in cooperation with a seat surface (24) in accordance with an oscillation of the pump diaphragm (3).

Abstract: The invention provides a fuel injection apparatus in an internal combustion engine for an outboard machine which improves a pump performance of the high pressure fuel pump and accurately and stably supplies a fuel from a fuel injection valve. There is provided an injection fuel flow passage system in which a fuel within a vapor separator V is sucked and discharged by a high pressure fuel pump, a high pressure fuel discharged from the high pressure fuel pump is supplied to a fuel distribution pipe provided with a fuel injection valve and a return fuel of a pressure regulator connected to the fuel distribution pipe is returned into the vapor separator via a return fuel passage. A heat exchanger is arranged in the injection fuel flow passage system, and a cooling water branched from a discharge passage of a cooling water pump for cooling an engine is supplied to the heat exchanger via a cooling water introduction passage and is discharged toward the outside via a cooling water discharge passage.

Abstract: Disclosed is a system for identifying a cylinder in an engine comprising means for applying an electric current every time a first cylinder of a 3-cylinder, 4-stroke engine is at a top dead center; means for detecting engine rpm when the electric current is applied; and control means for determining an exhaust stroke when the engine rpm do not increase, and for determining a compression stroke when the engine rpm abruptly increase, and sequentially providing ignition for a second cylinder and a third cylinder to operate the engine.

Abstract: A ball-throwing machine is provided which may be used for throwing baseballs, softballs and the like. The machine includes a power head having at least two and preferably three coacting wheels for propelling a ball toward a batter to simulate a pitch. Three AC motors and companion motor drives are provided for causing the wheels to rotate at predetermined speeds. The motor drives include dynamic braking circuits to permit rapid deceleration of the wheels. A pair of linear actuators is provided to permit the power head to be moved to predetermined horizontal and vertical positions. A programmable controller is included for individually controlling the rotational speed of each individual wheel, the horizontal position of the power head and the vertical position of the power head. A smart card reader may be employed for programming of the controller and the machine is adapted to be used in conjunction with a video display to simulate the actual pitching of a baseball by a pitcher.

Abstract: A method for cutting a rare earth alloy of this invention includes cutting an object to be machined while supplying slurry containing dispersed abrasive grains between a wire and the object to be machined. The wire is driven with a drive member, at least a wire contact face of the drive member being composed of an organic polymer material. Cutting is carried out while a tension in a range between 14.7 N and 39.2 N is applied to the wire.

Abstract: A portable outdoor cooker for cooking foods is provided. The cooker comprises a substantially circular heat transfer plate, a plurality of individually controllable burners disposed beneath the heat transfer plate, and a frame assembly for supporting the heat transfer plate and burners above the ground and in relation to one another. The heat transfer plate has a center and a perimeter, and includes a cooking surface. The plurality of burners includes an inner burner and an outer burner, the outer burner being positioned adjacent the perimeter of the heat transfer plate and the inner burner being positioned closer to the center of the heat transfer plate than the outer burner such that the cooking surface can be made hotter adjacent the perimeter of the heat transfer plate than adjacent the center of the heat transfer plate.

Abstract: A catalytic heater supplies heated water that circulates to heat a diver's suit. An insulating housing closed at opposite ends by cap members defines a chamber containing a catalyst inside of a multi-tube heat exchanger. Fittings in the cap members pass water through the multi-tube heat exchanger to and from the suit, and a gas circuit flows mixed hydrogen and oxygen to the catalyst that reacts with the mixed hydrogen and oxygen to produce heat that heats the water in the multi-tube heat exchanger for the diving suit. Optionally, hydrogen may be mixed with oxygen from a breathing gas mixture so that after heating the water, the gases remaining may be breathed by the diver. The catalytic heater provides a safe, reliable source of warm water for active thermal protection of divers over a wide range of diving applications.

Abstract: A process for dispersing medicament from an inhalator device which contains medicament particles. The process involves (i) providing an inhalator which contains at least one dose of medicament particles comprising spherical hollow particulates of respirable particle size suitable for deposition in a human being's lungs, and (ii) removing the spherical hollow particulates from the inhalator.

Abstract: In its presently preferred form, an endotracheal tube (ET) is shaped to bring its rounded or bevelled distal tip end into the central axis or midline, for ease of passage into the glottic opening and through the region of the vocal cords; the distal-end shaping also involves a laterally and vertically reducing taper that is symmetrical with respect to a vertical plane of symmetry which includes the central axis. Distal-end ports or perforations are in the symmetrically arrayed walls of a triangular section of the tube which at least characterizes the region of tapering section and which conforms with the triangular-shaped space between the vocal cords, for added ease of insertion into the patient's trachea. The reducing taper of the roughly triangular-shaped section extends preferably and optionally to form a wedging fit against vocal cords, with or without the assistance of a conventional inflatable cuff of similar sectional profile.

Abstract: A medical system for limiting the re-use of a medical probe, such as, e.g., a catheter or a surgical probe, is provided. The medical system includes a medical probe that includes an electronic storage component for storing a probe identification code. The medical probe further includes a disabling circuit, the activation of which disables the electronic storage component. The medical system further includes a control unit, such as, e.g., an RF generator, for connection to the medical probe. The control unit includes control circuit that is configured for automatically reading the probe identification code from the electronic storage component and preventing the medical probe from being operated if the probe identification code is not approved. The control circuit is also configured for determining if the medical probe has been previously used.

Abstract: A method, apparatus and system for use in treating a patient receiving an antineoplastic drug to optimize therapy and prevent an adverse drug response. This system employs surrogate markers or indicators including blood levels of the antineoplastic drug to determine the next required dose for a patient. Since the surrogate markers are employed as a percent change in status, virtually any indicator can be used. Surrogate markers could include any measure of the effectiveness of the antineoplastic drug's action. Given the effectiveness of the antineoplastic drug's action relative to the surrogate markers, a change in antineoplastic drug dose is calculated by the system. Conversely, by employing this system, one could determine the expected result of the antineoplastic drug dose change on the surrogate markers. This document may contain material which is the subject of copyright protection. All rights in such copyrightable material are hereby reserved.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a device for applying a product to hair. The device may include a dispensing head configured to be coupled to a container. The dispensing head may include an applicator member and a screen. The applicator member may include at least one tooth configured to be placed in contact with hair and moved with respect thereto. The applicator member may also include a duct extending in the at least one tooth along an axial length of the at least one tooth. The duct may be capable of being placed in flow communication with the container. The applicator member may also include an outlet orifice for the duct. The outlet orifice can be oriented to provide outlet flow of product in a direction transverse to an axis of the at least one tooth. The screen may be arranged such that the screen and the at least one tooth define a volume.

Abstract: In a method of washing contaminated particulate matter, a screw conveyor is disposed in a cleaning tank for rotation around a substantially vertical axis so that the lower part of the screw conveyor is positioned under the surface of the cleaning water and the upper part of the screw conveyor is positioned above the surface of the cleaning water. Under the surface of the water, the grains of the particulate matter are contacted with each other with sludge being interposed therebetween to remove at least a part of contamination substances from the surface of the grains of the particulate matter and to wash off the substances into the water.

Abstract: In a method for cleaning a copper surface of a semiconductor wafer or article, nitrogen gas is bubbled or dissolved into a strong alkaline solution, displacing dissolved oxygen from the solution. A nitrogen gas environment is provided over the copper surface. The alkaline solution is then applied to the copper surface. The copper etch rate is greatly reduced. The method is useful in removing residual polishing slurry after a chemical-mechanical polishing step, and for removing residues left in via holes after plasma etching.

Abstract: The use of newly discovered chemical reaction products, created when reactants combine to form products on the surface of a catalyst, to generate electricity, beams of radiation or mechanical motion. The invention also provides methods to convert the products into electricity or motion. The electric generator consists of a catalyst nanocluster, nanolayer or quantum well placed on a substrate consisting of a semiconductor diode, and a semiconductor diode on the surface of the substrate near the catalyst. The device to generate mechanical motion consists of a catalyst nanocluster, nanolayer or quantum well placed on a substrate, and a hydraulic fluid in contact with the non-reaction side of the substrate, with the surfaces of both the catalyst and substrate mechanically formed to enhance the unidirectional forces on the fluid. Both devices use a fuel-oxidizer mixture brought in contact with the catalyst.

Abstract: A photoelectric converting device is provided with enhanced photoelectric conversion efficiency by optimizing a combination of materials used for top and bottom cells. The photoelectric converting device of the present invention is provided with first and second pn junctions. The first pn junction is formed in a semiconductor substantially represented by (Al1−yGay)1−xInxP, and the second pn junction is formed in a semiconductor substantially represented by Ga1−zInzAs.