Abstract: A media window system includes a window unit having a window frame defining a frame perimeter and a glass unit located within the frame perimeter. The window unit includes a display area adapted to receive a display image. A display image source is configured to project an image onto the display surface. The window unit also includes a speaker element disposed on the window. The display are of the window unit is capable of transforming from a first transparent state to a second increased opacity state for receiving the display image.

Abstract: A multi-storey parking garage which can be reassembled comprises a skeleton support structure with vertical supports, substantially horizontal ceiling beams and a plurality of floor plates which are supported on the ceiling beams for forming a passable surface, wherein a gap formed between neighboring floor plates extends above a ceiling beam in the longitudinal direction thereof. The floor plates are disposed on the ceiling beams with the interposition of a groove-shaped profiled body, in particular of an elastic plastic material. The profiled body extends in the longitudinal direction of the gap below same and serves for accepting and draining liquid dropping onto the floor plates.

Abstract: A roof panel (20) for a sun room has a polystyrene foam core (40) and two aluminum covers (42) and (44) adhered to the top (41) and bottom (43) of the foam core. At least one groove (46) is cut into the foam core and a rib (56) is laterally fitted into the groove. The rib has its minor axis vertically oriented and its major axis running longitudinally with or parallel to the longitudinal axis of the panel to provide significant increase in strength to the panel.

Abstract: An air handling system adapted especially for drop ceiling gridwork employs a shroud and a grille. The grille is made of a material meeting UL Standard 94 or 181 and rests on the drop ceiling gridwork. The shroud is made of a material meeting at least UL Standard 94HB, and at least its inner surface is non-reflective to hide the shroud structure when viewed through openings in the grille. The shroud interconnects the grille openings to an air handling duct above the gridwork using the appropriate fasteners.

Abstract: A below grade, post-tensioned concrete foundation system for use in the construction of residential dwellings and other structures is described. The foundation includes a post-tensioned concrete floor slab formed on the soil base of a below grade excavation. Concrete foundation walls are formed on the perimeter of the post-tensioned floor slab. The weight of the superstructure of dwelling as well as the weight of foundation itself is distributed across the post-tensioned floor slab, thereby resisting the detrimental effects of expansive soils on the foundation.

Abstract: The invention titled “Roof System for a Log Building Toy” (hereinafter “The Roof”) under this section consists of the design of the parts and the unique process of assembly of The Roof.

Abstract: An elevated batten system according to the present is designed to eliminate the need to install the vertical and horizontal battens in separate steps. By attaching pads or blocks to the underside of the horizontal battens during assembly, the function of the vertical strips is contained in the resulting batten assembly itself.

Abstract: The composite floor system of the present invention comprises a plurality of joists at least partially embedded in the concrete slab of the floor system. In the most preferred embodiments of the present invention, each of the joists is formed from a single piece of cold rolled sheet metal and, in at least one orientation, exhibits a substantially “Z-shaped” or “C-shaped” cross section along a longitudinal axis. In addition, for certain applications, a novel mounting bracket may be affixed to each end of the joists to provide for an underslung installation.

Abstract: A panel pet door is an insert into a sliding glass door and has a panel door frame and a movable door flap assembly mounted on the panel door frame. The door flap assembly can slide vertically on the panel door frame along tracks in the vertical stiles of the panel door frame. A plurality of riser spacer panels are also mounted on the panel door frame and are also vertically slidable on the frame via the vertical tracks. The door flap assembly and spacers are selectively removable and replaceable to effect a change in the rise of the door flap assembly and the height of the door flap assembly.

Abstract: In a process for obtaining a composite panel of natural stone and glass, after preparing a slab of natural stone (10) and a glass sheet (20), a layer of hardening resin (32) is spread over a surface (10a) of the stone slab (10), the glass sheet (20) is arranged on top of said stone slab (10) inside an environment under vacuum conditions so as to allow the layer (32) of resin which is situated in between to harden completely. The process may be continued by applying a second glass sheet (24) onto the other surface (10b) of the stone slab (10) using the same procedure and by finally cutting the panel thus formed (50) along the mid plane so as to obtain two panels, each of which comprises a stone slab (10) and a glass sheet (20, 24).

Abstract: A joint reinforcement having eye sections is manufactured using an inline process with concurrent assembly of the eye sections. Concurrent assembly of the eye sections provides more efficient manufacturing and the resulting joint reinforcement is less expensive to manufacture then conventional joint reinforcements. The joint reinforcement also can be manufactured to have uniform thickness for more efficient transport.

Abstract: A roof framing system includes a first bracket and a second bracket. The first bracket attaches a first rafter and a second rafter to a ridge beam. The second bracket attaches a third rafter, through the first bracket, to the ridge beam. The first bracket and/or the second bracket includes one or more projections for interlocking with the other one of the first bracket and the second bracket such that the second bracket can be moved between a fixed position and a released position by moving the second bracket relative to the first bracket to attach the third rafter, through the first bracket, to the ridge beam.

Abstract: A multifunction utility pole comprising a base portion suitable for installation in the ground or mounting on a surface, the base portion including a housing for a first utility, a pole portion extending above the base portion, the pole portion including a fixture for a second utility; and a wiring path extending through the base portion and the pole portion, to provide access for wiring to the second utility, wherein the utility pole is capable of simultaneously accommodating the first and second utilities.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method and systems to form structures from predefined elementary parts. In the invention at least two predefined elementary parts are combined for forming a desired structure. The part comprises desired features for the desired structure. A control means handles the combining of the elementary parts.

Abstract: A wall system uses panels constituted by a sandwich of two polyolefin sheets and an interior layer of glass fiberboard. Such structural panels are used with a system of steel studs and channels to form walls of high strength and light weight. These walls are particularly suitable for foundations and basements, and exhibits strength, water resistance, and insulating values far in excess of those of conventional foundation walls.

Abstract: Floorboards for making a floating floor, which floorboards have a core having at least two layers of material arranged at different distances from the surface layer, which differ with respect to at least one of the parameters of composition of materials and material properties.

Abstract: An office panel assembly and fabric covering therefor. The panel assembly includes a supporting frame and a covering of textile fabric. The textile fabric is of a stitch bonded construction including a stitch yarns extending in a repeating stitch arrangement through a nonwoven fibrous substrate such that the stitch yarns cooperatively form a patterned show surface across one side of the said textile fabric.

Abstract: A form-fill-seal device for forming bags from a web-shaped foil material, filling them with products and subsequently sealing them, the device comprising a foil supply station having means for holding a roll of foil web, a form shoulder for transforming the foil web into a foil tube and a station placed between the supply station and the form shoulder for applying a zipper strip transverse to the foil web for each bag to be made, the foil web following a first transport track between the supply station and the application station and a second transport track between the application station and the form shoulder, respectively, the device comprising a driver for continuously driving the foil web, the device further comprising a buffer former for forming a buffer length of foil web, which buffer former comprises a first foil web diverter and a second foil diverter, which engage onto the first and second track of the foil web respectively, and are connected to each other for simultaneous but opposite movement by

Abstract: A method of filling a flexible pouch having a base and sidewalls extending from the base to define a mouth. The method comprising the steps of delivering the pouches an infeed conveyor to a predetermined orientation and transporting the pouches in a controlled manner toward a filler station, and transferring the pouches from the infeed conveyor to a transport conveyor in which the pouch is gripped adjacent to the mouth so as to be suspended from the transport conveyor. Opening the mouth of the pouch to permit filling at the filling station passing the pouches through the filler station, closing the mouth and sealing the mouth prior to release from the transport conveyor.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for making a wrapped tampon. A continuously moving wrapper material is provided with a longitudinal axis, width and a tear member. The wrapper material is maintained in a pre-determined rotational position. The wrapper material provided also has a pair of opposing longitudinal edges that are folded and sealed together to form a longitudinal seal. The wrapper material is cut to form a pair of opposing transverse edges. The transverse edges are to form a transverse seal having a width defined by a first end and a second end. A tampon is provided and is inserted into the wrapper material through the unsealed opposing transverse edges that are subsequently sealed. At the end of the process, when the wrapper is sealed the tear member extends into the transverse seal adjacent to the first end.

Abstract: A method and layout for loading food and beverages onto a plurality of trays. The method includes, for each tray in the plurality of trays, performing tray-loading method that includes the steps of selecting a tray from the plurality of trays; and loading the tray with food and beverages, to form an individual, customized tray. Each step in the tray loading method is performed at a different station in a plurality of stations. A path of travel extends alongside the plurality of stations. The first step in the tray-loading method is executed at a starting point in the plurality of stations. The path of travel includes a starting point adjoining the first station. The last step in the tray-loading method is executed at a last station in the plurality of stations. The path of travel includes an end point adjoining the last station.

Abstract: A device for packing flat articles in transport containers, particularly folded-flat folding boxes in casing cartons, includes a feeder for feeding the flat articles in imbricated form. A conveyor is disposed downstream of the feeder and has an end for discharging the articles into the transport containers at a filling location. Equipment is provided for further conveying the transport containers at the filling location. A transition is provided between the feeder for the flat articles and the downstream conveyor. The transition is an accumulating and transfer device and has an imbricating roller adjustably secured on the conveyor and a height-adjustable hold-down bar fastened to the conveyor. The hold-down bar and the imbricating roller are adjustable in position for coupling with one another.

Abstract: A device for packing flat articles in transport containers includes a feeder for feeding the flat articles in imbricated form and a conveyor disposed downstream of the feeder, in travel direction of the flat articles. The conveyor has an at least approximately vertically extending end for discharging the articles into the transport containers for filling the transport containers therewith at a filling location. Equipment for further conveying the transport containers at the filling location includes two lateral belt conveyors disposed at the filling location for moving the transport containers forward during the filling thereof with the articles.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a structure for confirming as to whether a filter is mounted into a vacuum cleaner. The structure for a vacuum cleaner according to the present invention comprises a cover including a discharging port for discharging air from which foreign materials are removed, a movable member of which positions are changed depending on coupling states thereof, and a support portion for moving the movable member; and a filter including a coupling means having a plurality of protrusions coupled to the support portion of the cover, a plurality of indented portions formed between the plurality of the protrusions, and an engagement piece formed to be spaced apart from the protrusions for changing the position of the movable member. The filter is detachably mounted to the support portion.

Abstract: An air filter modified with magnetic material bonded To the back surface of the housing of an air filter, Therefore allowing the modified air filter to be attached to any suitable surface

Abstract: When searching for a tool to pick fruit from my back yard grapefruit tree I was disappointed to find that the only ones available either pulled the fruit from the tree removing the stem from the fruit in the process, or cut the stem and let the fruit fall on the ground. My fruit picker is designed to both cut the stem from the branch leaving it attached to the fruit and catch the fruit in a basket. It is also designed with a two piece handle and rope assembly making it easy to use and light weight.

Abstract: A hay rake includes a crosswise member having a right section and a left section. A first rake arm has a front end and a back end, the first rake arm being pivotably mounted at its back end to the right section of the crosswise member so as to be moveable between an open position and a closed position. A second rake arm has a front end and a back end, the second rake arm being pivotably mounted at its back end to the left section of the crosswise member so as to be moveable between an open position and a closed position. A plurality of rotatable rake wheels are mounted on each of the first and second rake arms. The hay rake also includes first and a second actuators. The first actuator has a first section connected to the right section of the crosswise member and a second section connected to the first rake arm. The second actuator has a first section connected to the left section of the crosswise member and a second section connected to the second rake arm.

Abstract: A silent chain for preventing chordal action without decreasing power transmission efficiency. A link plate 2 of a silent chain includes a pair of teeth and pin apertures. The link plate 2 further includes a protrusion that protrudes in a link thickness direction on the link centerline CL above the pin aperture centerline CP. When the silent chain bends rearwardly or toward a backside, the protrusion of the link plate 2 interferes with the shoulder of each link plate 2′ adjacent to the link plate 2, thereby restricting back bending of the link plates 2, 2′. When the silent chain bends in a meshing direction, the protrusion of the link plate 2 does not interfere with the link plate 2′. In such a way, chordal action or oscillation of a chain span can be restrained without decreasing power transmission efficiency of the silent chain.

Abstract: A compressor in a multi-stage axial form of construction, with a rotor which is mounted overhung and includes a plurality of moving-blade rings on blade carriers connected to one another, and with a blade arrangement, in which the moving-blade ring of the first stage forms the blade cascade arranged furthest upstream. At least one of the rotating blade carriers is produced in an MMC form of construction, that is to say as a metal component fiber-reinforced at least in regions, and the rotary bearing absorbing the large part of the radial loads occurring on the rotor has a predetermined breaking point which, when a defined radial load is exceeded, allows a radial shift of the rotor, with the result that the latter brushes against the stator.

Abstract: A fuel flow dividing ecology valve (35, 59) selectively conveys fuel from a fuel source (31) to at least a secondary gas turbine engine intake manifold (25) during engine operation and withdraws fuel therefrom upon cessation of engine operation. The valve includes a flow dividing valve portion (41) having an inlet (65) coupled to the fuel source and an outlet (67) coupled to the secondary manifold. The flow dividing valve portion transitions from a fuel flow blocking condition to a condition in which fuel may flow from the source to the manifold solely in response to the fuel pressure differential between the inlet and the outlet. The valve also includes an ecology valve portion (43) controlled solely by the fuel pressure differential between the dividing valve portion inlet and outlet for withdrawing fuel from the secondary engine intake manifold when the engine is de-energized thereby purging the manifold of fuel, and returning withdrawn fuel to the manifold during subsequent engine operation.

Abstract: A plasma system is provided for removing soot and nitrogen oxide (NOx) in the exhaust gas of diesel engines. The system is comprised of a diesel particulate filter for adopting a honeycomb type porous element and at least one pair of electrodes; a plasma reactor for generating a predetermined amount of plasma, mounted downward or upward the diesel particulate filter; a catalytic reactor filled with a catalyst selected from 1B metal group, mounted downward the plasma reactor or the diesel particulate filter; and a means for supplying hydrocarbon to the exhaust gas, connected to a proper position upward the plasma reactor. Therefore, the soot and NOx in the exhaust gas, which are not only harmful to humans, but also which pollute the environment could be effectively removed under a normal pressure.

Abstract: To restrict the discharging of harmful components immediately after the starting of an internal combustion engine, an exhaust gas collecting apparatus of an internal combustion engine comprises: a collection vessel that can hold exhaust gas; an exhaust gas taking-out passage through which exhaust gas is introduced from an exhaust passage to the collection vessel; an exhaust gas introduction passage through which the exhaust gas is introduced from the collection vessel to the exhaust passage at a position upstream from the catalytic converter; a switching valve that is switchable between a position where the introduction of the exhaust gas from the exhaust passage to the exhaust gas taking-out passage is permitted and a position where the introduction of the exhaust gas is prevented; and an open/close valve that is switchable between a position where the introduction of the exhaust gas through the exhaust gas introduction passage is permitted and a position where the introduction of the exhaust gas is prevente

Abstract: In a method and apparatus for generating kinetic energy, thermal energy is applied to a cylinder body of a first pneumatic cylinder to result in an expansion stroke of the first pneumatic cylinder and in rotation of a flywheel assembly that is coupled to the first pneumatic cylinder. A second pneumatic cylinder is coupled to the flywheel assembly such that the expansion stroke of the first pneumatic cylinder results in a compression stroke of the second pneumatic cylinder. The first and second pneumatic cylinders are fluidly intercommunicated when the first pneumatic cylinder reaches the end of the expansion stroke, thereby reducing the temperature of working gas in the first pneumatic cylinder and increasing the temperature of working gas in the second pneumatic cylinder to result in an expansion stroke of the second pneumatic cylinder, continued rotation of the flywheel assembly, and in a compression stroke of the first pneumatic cylinder.

Abstract: This specification disclosed a partially closed microfluidic system and a fluid driving method. The microfluidic system is comprised of a substrate with microfluidic elements and a thin film. A feature of this structure is that the thin film is elastic and deformable. It has a single opening corresponding to a vent hole on the substrate, thus forming a partially closed microfluidic system. The substrate is designed to have several positions for micro fluid elements and deformable chambers and uses micro channels to form a complete network. Since the thin film is elastic and deformable, one is able to impose a pressure on the thin film above the deformable chambers in this partially closed microfluidic system to drive the fluid into motion. Once the pressure is released, the fluid flows back to its original configuration.

Abstract: A master cylinder has a cylinder member in the shape of a cylinder, one end of which is closed, and a piston inserted in the cylinder member to form a pressure chamber in the cylinder member. The cylinder member is formed with a port for providing communication between the pressure chamber and a reservoir. The port is formed during casting of the cylinder member, thereby eliminating the need to form the port by boring, and forming the port into an elongated-hole shaped sectional configuration.

Abstract: The present invention permits determination of steady-state off-design performance characteristics of a vehicle, such as a torpedo, powered by a closed cycle thermal propulsion system. The method may be utilized to determine propellant consumption for a torpedo resulting from various off-design kinematic maneuvers. Total run time may be calculated in response to a plurality of torpedo speed changes and/or torpedo configurations of variable torpedo length or torpedo diameter. The present invention may be utilized to define weapon design options for existing or future underwater weapons with mission requirements different from those for which the weapons were originally designed.

Abstract: A novel power generation system, more specifically an integrated power generation and air separation system and an integrated power generation and air separation process is provided. A key component of the system and process is an oxygen-fired combustor designed for gas turbine operating pressures. The combustor produces a high-temperature gas stream that enters one or more heat exchangers to generate/heat steam, and then enters one or more turbines to generate power. The steam from the heat exchanger drives one or more steam turbines to generate power, and the discharged steam is admitted to the combustor. To maximize cycle efficiency, steam extraction and reheat is incorporated in the process. Additional power is generated from a high-pressure nitrogen stream produced by an air separation unit (ASU). This process has the potential to attain high cycle efficiencies with zero emissions, while utilizing existing or near-term steam turbines, and moderate-pressure combustion systems.

Abstract: For the purpose of reduced NOx gas emission, a gas turbine engine comprises a cylinder having a combustion region inside of the cylinder; a resonator having a cavity and provided around the surface of the cylinder and sound absorption holes formed on the cylinder and having opening ends on the cylinder.

Abstract: A method for providing cooling air to the venturi and the combustion chamber in a low NOx emission combustor as used in a gas turbine engine that includes the steps of providing an annular air passage surrounding said combustion chamber and venturi where said cooling air under pressure enters the combustion chamber/venturi near the aft portion of the combustion chamber, passing the air along the combustion chamber, past the venturi where the air exits near the front portion of the convergent area of the venturi. The method prevents any channel/passage cooling air from being received into the combustion chamber, and at the same time, introduces the outlet of the cooling air, after the air has passed over the combustion chamber of the venturi and has been heated, back into the premix chamber thereby improving the efficiency of the combustor while reducing and lowering NOx emission in the combustion process.

Abstract: A method for providing cooling air to the venturi and the combustion chamber in a low NOx emission combustor as used in a gas turbine engine that includes the steps of providing an annular air passage surrounding said combustion chamber and venturi where said cooling air under pressure enters the combustion chamber/venturi near the aft portion of the combustion chamber, passing the air along the combustion chamber, past the venturi where the air exits near the front portion of the convergent area of the venturi. The method prevents any channel/passage cooling air from being received into the combustion chamber, and at the same time, introduces the outlet of the cooling air, after the air has passed over the combustion chamber of the venturi and has been heated, back into the premix chamber thereby improving the efficiency of the combustor while reducing and lowering NOx emission in the combustion process.

Abstract: This invention relates to an arrangement for the cooling of the casing 1 of an aircraft gas turbine with a bypass duct 2 and at least one cooling air tube 3, this cooling air tube 3 having its inlet 4 arranged in the bypass duct 2 and entering at least one cooling air chamber 5 for the supply of cooling air to the casing 1, characterized in that a movable air deflector 6 is arranged in the bypass duct 2 upstream of the inlet 4 of the cooling air tube 3.

Abstract: A vehicle air-conditioning system calculates and indicates the remaining time of effective cooling by cold air discharge from its cold storage unit during a vehicular eco-run halt. In cold discharge cooling mode, a first cold discharge cooling remaining time tx1 is calculated from the remaining cold heat of a cold storage medium. A second cold discharge cooling remaining time tx2 is calculated from temperature changes of the cold storage unit. The second remaining time tx2 is set to zero when the cold storage unit temperature rises to a cooling upper target temperature. The first remaining time tx1 is selected in the cold discharge cooling mode as long as the temperature of the cold storage unit is below a temperature near the solidifying point of the cold storage medium. The second remaining time tx2 is selected when the cold storage unit temperature exceeds the temperature near the solidifying point.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to continue operation as it is without inducing any degradation of performance of a compressor even if one of compressors is broken down in a refrigeration apparatus which can freely cool or warm the inside of a room, cool a refrigerating show case and cool a freezing show case. A refrigeration apparatus (1) comprises a non-inverter compressor (2A), a first inverter compressor (2B) and a second inverter compressor (2C). If the first inverter compressor (2B) is broken down during a cooling/freezing operation in which a cooling operation is performed by an inside heat exchanger (41), a refrigerating heat exchanger (45) and a freezing heat exchanger (51), the operation is continued by opening a solenoid valve (7a) disposed on a first sub pipe (23).

Abstract: An air conditioning system and a method for operating the air conditioning system, in which a plurality of compressors are simultaneously or selectively operated, based on the difference between a room temperature and a desired temperature generated during a waiting time for re-operation of the compressors. The room temperature varying during the waiting time for the re-operation of the compressors maintained at a stopped state is sensed to determine whether or not an increase in cooling load occurs. Based on the amount of the cooling load, it is determined whether the compressors have to operate simultaneously or selectively. That is, the refrigerant compression capacity of the air conditioning system is determined by reflecting the cooling load caused by a variation in room temperature occurring during the waiting time for re-operation taken until any compressor maintained in a stopped state is re-operated.

Abstract: Disclosed are an air conditioning system with two compressors so as to shorten standby time for re-operating a stopped compressor and variably change the compression capacity of a refrigerant according to cooling load, and a method for operating the air conditioning system. The method for operating the air conditioning system with two compressors, comprises the first step of simultaneously operating the compressors regardless of cooling load at an early stage of the operation, the second step of selectively operating one of the compressors according to the cooling load, and the third step of additionally re-operating the stopped compressor when the operated compressor selected from the compressor in the second step is continuously operated for longer than a designated time, thereby shortening the standby time for re-operating the stopped compressor, rapidly changing the compression capacity of the refrigerant according to the cooling load, and improving users' comfort within a room.

Abstract: In a vehicular air conditioning control apparatus having a compressor and an electric cooling fan of an externally controlled type, a fan motor control for increasing fan motor load is carried out in a compressor discharge capacity region lower than in normal control in below-listed cases.

Abstract: The method for controlling a hybrid air conditioning system of a direct coupled motor-driven hybrid electric vehicle includes detecting operating conditions of the air conditioning system; and controlling the hybrid air conditioning system. The hybrid air conditioning system includes a mechanical air conditioner driven by an engine and an electric air conditioner driven by electric power of a battery.

Abstract: A counter top merchandiser for holding and displaying hot and cold products. The merchandiser includes a warm compartment within the merchandiser for holding and displaying warm products. A cold compartment below the warm compartment is defined in part by a bottom wall positioned above the counter top when the merchandiser is placed on the counter top. The cold compartment has a display section and a storage section. A partition separates the warm and cold compartments. A heating unit heats products within the warm compartment and a refrigeration unit cools products within the cold compartment. At least one transparent wall allows viewing of products within the merchandiser. Openings provide access to the warm and cold compartments from the rear of the merchandiser.

Abstract: The invention relates to a work enclosure, and in particular to a system for low temperature storage comprising a chest provided with a refrigerator unit. The device of the invention is particularly remarkable in that the chest has a top plate provided with a plurality of openings each suitable for allowing a support for at least one container of an article for storage to be passed therethrough, the support presenting a working storage height no greater than the height of said chest, and the top of said support is provided with an element of shape matching the shape of the opening so as to close it once the support has been fully inserted through said opening. In some embodiments, automatic means are provided above the top plate of the chest for moving the supports at least in vertical translation so as to enable supports to be inserted and withdrawn via the openings of the chest.

Abstract: An air conditioning system for a vehicle includes a first air path formed within an air duct, and a second air path formed within the air duct. The air conditioning system also includes an air mixing damper for adjusting a first amount of air, which flows within the first air path, and a second amount of air, which flows within the second air path. The air mixing damper includes a plurality of convex portions, and a plurality of concave portions, each of which concave portions is positioned between adjacent pairs of the plurality of convex portions. The air conditioning system also includes a drive mechanism for driving the air mixing damper. The drive mechanism includes a first gear engaging a portion of the plurality of convex portions and a portion of the plurality of concave portions. The drive mechanism also includes a shaft coupled operationally to the first gear, and an end of the shaft is positioned outside the air duct.