Abstract: A plant watering system particularly suited for use in watering indoor, potted plants, includes a plurality of plant watering devices and a main controller. Each plant watering device including a fluid reservoir, a fluid outlet from which fluid may be dispensed to an adjacent plant, and an electronically controlled flow controller controlling the flow of fluid from the reservoir to the outlet. The main controller includes a user input and a control unit configured to generate watering device control signals. Control signals are transmitted from the main controller to each watering device wirelessly.

Abstract: A plant container includes a support structure sized to fit within a pot. The support structure includes a flexible polymeric mesh and water-wicking material that cooperate to support and contain growing medium and a plant root structure therein. At least one wick member extends from the bottom wall of the support structure and has a terminal portion that is placed in a water reservoir. An electronic water level sensing and alarm circuit is preferably supported by the support structure. At least one pair of conducting wires is electrically coupled to the electronic circuit and extends from the electronic circuit to the terminal portion of said member. The electronic circuit raises an alarm in the event that water level in the water reservoir is below the predetermined threshold level. Hand lifting means are connected to (or part of) the support structure for manual lifting of the container together with the growing medium and plant for quick and efficient transplantation between pots with minimal mess.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for high temperature, auto thermal gasification of solid material are disclosed. Resulting in a clean burning uniform gas usually referred to as Producer Gas. The apparatus is comprised of an outer chamber encircling a multi fold gas-path chamber that is suspended. The center of said chamber also serves as a continuous feed stock inlet. Combustion oxidizer is introduced to the lower portion of said chamber through a nozzle, just below a fire grate or screen, producing a high velocity oxidizer flow resulting in a high temperature localized heat zone. Flow is vertical through the combustion zone and into the descending feed stock, resulting in a counter-current flow. Gases and volatized tar and oil flow vertically in the space between the labyrinth and shell where said gas flow velocity is reduced considerably. Some tar and oil condensing takes place and said tar and oil flows downwardly to the heat zone to be further cracked.

Abstract: A method of main reformer startup is disclosed. The method comprises introducing a first supply of fuel and a first supply of air into a micro-reformer. The first supply of fuel is increased to produce a heated reformate in the micro-reformer. The heated reformate is directed through a main reformer in order to heat the main reformer. At least a portion of the heated reformate is burned in the main reformer. A second supply of fuel and a second supply of air is introduced into the main reformer to produce a main supply of reformate. A method for maintaining a vehicle device in standby condition is also disclosed.

Abstract: A door has a frame forming an opening of the door, a window unit rotatably attached to the frame for positioning in the opening of the frame, a retainer moveably mounted on the frame, and an operator for operating the retainer. The retainer is moveable from a released position wherein the retainer is disengaged from the window unit, to a retaining position, wherein the retainer engages the second edge of the window unit to hold the window unit in the opening.

Abstract: A window or door including a circumferential blind frame and a leaf with a surface element is provided, which can be pivoted about one or more axes in relation to the blind frame, as well as including fittings, located between the leaf and the blind frame, which are used for moving the leaf in relation to the blind frame. Electromechanically actuated locking elements are provided for locking the leaf into the blind frame. Each locking element has its own electromechanical drive, and/or the locking elements are configured such that, when the window is closed, they are displaced in relation to the pane plane, thus pressing the leaf perpendicularly against the blind frame with a predetermined contact force.

Abstract: The invention relates to a sealing arrangement for sealing and guiding a powered window pane (40), particularly of a motor vehicle. Said sealing arrangement is provided with a seal (20) produced as a single part from an elastically deformable material. The inventive sealing arrangement is also provided with a sash (10) which frames the window pane (40) and to which the seal (20) can be fixed. Said sash (10) comprises an inner flange (11) and an outer flange (12). The seal (20) comprises an inner side section (21) that can be fixed to the inner flange (11), an outer side section (22) that can be fixed to the outer flange (12), and a base portion (23) located outside the cavity portion (13). The aim of the invention is to achieve a universal embodiment of the seal (20).

Abstract: A gutter cover for preventing leaves and debris from clogging a gutter, comprising a central strip having a plurality of perforations disposed therein, said perforations being sufficiently large to allow water to flow while preventing leaves and debris from passing therethrough, wherein said central strip is bounded at either edge by adhesive strips, said adhesive strips having a strong adhesive applied thereto and wherein said adhesive is protected by a peel-off strip.

Abstract: A modular egress window well structure which is constructed of structurally identical walls that interlock and attach to the foundation of a building via a termination strip. The identical wall members allow for ease of manufacturing and installation of the egress window well. The method of installation comprises removing soil away from the foundation of a building, securing the termination of strips to the foundation, assembling the egress window well and then backfilling the soil around the structure.

Abstract: An extensible beam (1) comprising: a first, elongate element (10), a second element (50) adapted to move relative to the first elongate element in order to vary the amount of overlap between the first and second elements and thereby vary the length of the beam. Wherein the first element includes first (18) and second (20) support portions and the second element includes first (52) and second (54) spaced apart strut members for engagement with the first and second support portions respectively.

Abstract: A mounting device includes a base having a first surface and a second opposite surface, the first surface having a supporting surface and an engaging member having an engaging surface. The engaging member can include an elongated flexible member with a headed end having the engaging surface. The mounting devices can be mounted on a surface of a substrate, e.g. an automotive transparency, to provide a panel, and the panels can be fixedly secured over an opening, e.g. an opening in the body of a vehicle, without the use of structural adhesive.

Abstract: This invention discloses a cold-work method to connect the metal wall of a two-phase heat dissipation device with a fill tube. First, place the fill tube into a hole prepared in the wall, then push a squeezer slightly larger than the inner diameter of the fill tube to create permanent deformation and hence hermetical bonding thereof. Finally, draw out the squeezer to finish the cold work. This method simplifies the procedure and equipment by avoiding a relatively high-temperature soldering or brazing process.

Abstract: A method for sealing-in a gas in a gas filling compartment 5 of a bag having a cut-in 6 formed near the upper edge of the gas filling compartment. In the method, two edges of the bag with the contents inserted therein are gripped by grippers and suspended, the blow-in port of a gas (air) blow-in nozzle is brought to contact the cut-in, the back surface side of the bag is supported by a backing member, gas (air) is blown into the gas filling compartment, and the position below the cut-in is held from both sides of the bag by a gas cut-off grippers while the gas blow-in continues, so that the gas inside the gas filling compartment is not allowed to escape from the cut-in, and then the entire bag mouth, including the cut-in, is sealed.

Abstract: A vacuum packaging appliance with a sealing sub-assembly including a latching mechanism and release mechanism is described. According to certain embodiments, the release mechanism, latch and sealing sub-assembly operate in an integrated fashion such that the vacuum packaging appliance can be easily opened or sealed.

Abstract: The invention pertains to a device for the packaging of free-flowing fill materials in a tube-shaped casing with a feeder tubed to conduct the flow of fill materials. The feeder tube features a hookup, a mouth, a basically straight first segments adjoining the hookup, with a first longitudinal axis, and a second segment that is conjoined with the first segment and proximate to the mouth. The first segment is designed to accept and conduct a casing on its outer surface. The casing infeed consists of a plastic filmstrip, which is formed into a tube around the first feeder tube segment. The second segment is designed to further conduct the plastic filmstrip-derived, newly formed casing. Alternatively, a supply of casing and/or net material may be loaded onto the second segment from its mouth. Upstream and ahead of the first segment, the feeder tube features a feeder tube swivel bearing (140) around the first longitudinal axis.

Abstract: A halter, preferably for a horse, comprised of a crown strap (20), a throat latch (42) having one end which can be selectively detached from the crown strap (20), a pair of cheek straps (54) which connect the crown strap (20) to a chin strap (64) and a nose strap assembly (96), and that said nose strap assembly (96) is selectively detachable from the body of the halter to allow the halter to positioned on the horse's head without first removing the bridle and to allow the bridle to placed on the horse without first removing the halter.

Abstract: This invention discloses a subsection dedusting device for a vacuum cleaner comprising an upper cyclone separator including a wind outlet and several lower cyclone separators located below said upper cyclone separator, wind inlets of said lower cyclone separators in fluid communication with said wind outlet of said upper cyclone separator, thereby increasing wind quantity while reducing the whole bulk of the machine, and keeping a relatively high dedusting efficiency, and besides the lower cyclone separator of the present invention adopts a pervasion construction, and air flow rotates in a decelerated and acentric state in the conical barrel, thereby the pressure loss of the air flow is little, and accordingly, obtain a good dust suction effect.

Abstract: A reciprocating compressor has a plurality of compressor stages each compressing a working gas by combining a cylinder and a plunger, and its discharge pressure exceeds 40 MPa. The compressor stage has a packing seal which seals a shaft of the plunger, and oil pouring means which pours a lubricating oil to the packing seal. A filter removes the lubricating oil poured by the oil pouring means from the working gas. In the filter, a first element using micro glass fiber and a second element using functional activated carbon are coaxially mounted. These two elements are included together in a pressure container. According to the above described construction, in the compressor at a high pressure exceeding 40 MPa, quality of the discharge gas can be kept and the compressor can be made compact.

Abstract: A method of operating a plurality of clean room in a compound within a common enclosure and supplying each room with filtered air by a blower-filter unit by arranging the clean rooms and the blowers connected thereto in two parallel spaced rows with a corridor therebetween, and permitting filtered air to escape the clean rooms from beneath the walls of the clean rooms. Continuous operation of the blowers produces a bubble-like volume of air surrounding the blowers which consists primarily of clean, recirculated air escaping from the clean rooms. By arranging the clean rooms and blowers so that the clean air bubble produced by each blower overlaps the bubbles produced by at least two other blowers, the entire compound can be contained in a highly purified atmosphere consisting primarily of recirculated filtered air. A portion of the air from one or more clean rooms may be discharged in an upward direction through an opening in its top wall.

Abstract: A particle filter for exhaust gases of internal combustion engines, including a housing containing a filter body including a plurality of filter walls extending substantially in the radial and longitudinal direction and spaced apart from one another in the circumferential direction. The filter walls are welded at their face ends to at least one securing element by way of which the filter body is secured in the housing. The securing element has compensation means which act between the filter walls and the housing and compensate for relative motions between the filter walls and the housing. As a result, thermally caused motions of the filter walls can be compensated for, and stress in the region of the securing element can be avoided.

Abstract: [Object] In a deposition system for generating airborne fine particles containing a thin film-forming component by a laser ablation process, a sputtering process, an arc discharge process, or another process to attach the airborne fine particles to a substrate, to prevent a thin film from being contaminated using a filter for trapping droplets. The filter is shaped so as to be readily manufactured at low cost, can readily trap fine particles, and securely prevent the release of the trapped fine particles. [Solving Means] A rotary porous filter plate includes a disk having a large number of perforations extending therethrough and is rotated on a rotary shaft connected to the center of the disk at high speed. The rotary porous filter plate is disposed between the substrate and a target such that fine particles flying through the perforations are deposited on the substrate but fine particles which fly low speed and which are transformed into droplets are trapped in the perforations.

Abstract: A filter element, including a filter medium, on which a seal is situated indirectly or directly, which is used for separating the filter intake side from the filter discharge side. The filter medium comprises a fibrous material. The seal is applied indirectly or directly to the filter medium in the extrusion method (FIG. 1).

Abstract: A device for removing odor and air particulates from the air comprising: a filter housing (10) wherein a plurality of filter element supports (36) stand on said filter housing (10) floor spaced end-to-end and side-to-side leaving open spaces (38) around and above them; a filter element (40) rests on top of said filter element supports (36); a filter housing cover (12) having sufficient air inlet holes (28) facilitating air flow through said filter element (40) and into said open spaces (38); an air supply hose (14) connects said filter housing (10) to air supply tubes (20) via connector (24); a sliding coupler (22) holds said air supply tubes (20) together facilitating adjustment of loop size formed by said air supply tubes (20) by sliding said coupler (22); the other ends of said air supply tubes (20) are connected to filtered air duct (16) via its air duct inlet nipples (32); a sealing pad (18) is mounted onto filtered air duct (16) by inserting filtered air leads (30) into clearance holes (42) of said seal

Abstract: A method and apparatus for treating fluid are provided. The apparatus may include a housing, a fluid treatment element arranged within the housing, a mat arranged between the housing and the fluid treatment element, and a collar. The collar may have a curved length terminating at first and second ends and may be arranged within the housing proximate the fluid treatment element.

Abstract: A method of operating a self-propelled harvesting machine includes continuously separating a crop-material flow into a useful-material flow and a remaining-material flow, in a separating step of the machine, capturing at least a portion of the useful-material flow from the separating step in a measurement channel, weighing the useful material contained in the measurement chamber and determining a density based on a weight that was measured, and optimizing operational patrameters of the separating step based on the weight that was determined.

Abstract: A method for dividing a field into zones with similar crop attributes and developing a mission plan for steering the harvester to selectively harvest crops based on one or more of the attributes. The attributes include protein level, starch level, oil level, sugar content, moisture level, digestible nutrient level, or any other crop characteristic of interest. The method can be applied to selectively harvest and/or segregate according to attribute any crop, including grains such as wheat, corn, or beans, fruits such as grapes, and forage crops. Directed crop sampling provides absolute value and variance information for segregated batches of harvested crop.

Abstract: A crop harvesting machine including a header mounted on a tractor is hydraulically driven by a pair of pumps on the tractor and a series of motors on the header. A first circuit control includes variable rate valves controlling the rate of supply of fluid from the unidirectional pumps to the motors to vary rate of the knife, conditioner, reel and converging systems in a forward harvesting direction. A second circuit controls reverse rotation of at least some of the elements for releasing a blockage by taking the fluid from one of the pumps and passing it through the separate second circuit to the required motors in series. The second circuit is provided in a separate block which can be omitted and thus constitutes an option. The drive of the motors in reverse direction in series ensures that they are driven at common speed without need fro individual speed control.

Abstract: Disclosed is an apparatus for retrieving soft objects with minimal stress to the back and adverse damage to the objects. The apparatus comprises a storage section, a gathering section, a rim and an elongated handle. The storage section is shaped like an open basket on its side and having a top and a bottom. The gathering section extends from the bottom of the storage section, comprises two barrier regions separated by a retaining region, and has a leading edge. The rim is attached at least to the leading edge. The handle projects upward from the top of the storage section at such an angle to permit a raking-like motion when collecting objects. Methods of using the apparatus are also disclosed. The invention offers several benefits over what has been known to the art. One advantage is that many soft objects can be gathered quickly with minimal stress to the back of the person doing the task. Another benefit is that soft objects can be gathered quickly with minimal damage to the objects.

Abstract: Devices and methods for twisting yarn may twist a strip of material, such as a paper strip, into a yarn, such as a paper yarn. Such devices and methods may involve positioning a pad formed from a roll of the material horizontally in a yarn twisting device, such that the strip of material is unwound and drawn from an outer circumference of the pad, but down through the center of the pad, and subsequently through a rotating yarn twister.

Abstract: A fine steel cord for the reinforcement of synchronous belts is presented. The fine cord has a distinct load elongation curve characterized by a very low structural elongation (below 0.09% preferably below 0.06%), and a high equivaslent modulus between 0.2 and 20% of the breaking, load. The favorable results are maintained when the cords are coated with an elastomer coating. Such a fine steel cord reduces the geometrical spread on the tooth pitch of the synchronous belts during use. A method to produce such a fine steel cord is also presented.

Abstract: A combustion control device for a gas turbine is capable of determining respective fuel flow rate control valve position command values based on fuel ratios. The combustion control device for a gas turbine is configured to calculate fuel flow rate command values for respective types of fuel gas based on a total fuel flow rate command value and fuel gas ratios, to calculate fuel gas flow rates based on the fuel flow rate command values and on a function of the fuel flow rate command value and the fuel gas flow rate, to calculate Cv values of the respective fuel flow rate control valves in accordance with a Cv value calculation formula based on the fuel gas flow rates, a fuel gas temperature, and front and back pressures of the respective fuel flow rate control valves, and to calculate respective fuel flow rate control valve position command values based on the Cv values and on a function between the Cv value and apertures of the fuel flow rate control valves.

Abstract: A system is provided in an aircraft that includes a power unit and an eductor. The power unit has a nozzle, and is configured to exhaust gas, a portion of which flows in a swirling motion, through the nozzle. The eductor communicates with the power unit and includes a housing and a plurality of flow straighteners. The housing has an inlet, an outlet, and an inner peripheral surface that defines a flow passage. The inlet is configured to surround at least a portion of the nozzle and to receive the gas, and the outlet is configured to exhaust the gas. The plurality of flow straighteners extend radially inwardly from the housing inner surface into the flow passage and are configured to reduce swirl motion of the gas that flows therethrough. The power unit may be an auxiliary power unit or a turboshaft engine.

Abstract: The invention relates to an injection element (10), in particular for a rocket drive, with an inner element and an outer element arranged coaxially thereto (12, 14) for receiving and injecting fuel into a combustion space. According to the invention the outer element (14) has bores (16) for forming a cooling liquid film layer.

Abstract: During deterioration detection of a catalyst, exhaust gas of a lean air/fuel ratio and exhaust gas of a rich air/fuel ratio are alternately supplied to the catalyst, and decrease of the O2 storage function is detected by obtaining the oxygen occlusion amount in the catalyst, based upon the timing at which, after changeover of the air/fuel ratio of the exhaust gas flowing into the catalyst, the air/fuel ratio of the exhaust gas passed through the catalyst changes to track that air/fuel ratio of the exhaust gas flowing into the catalyst. At this time, the rich air/fuel ratio of the exhaust gas and the lean air/fuel ratio of the exhaust gas supplied to the catalyst are set closer to the stoichiometric air/fuel ratio, the larger is the exhaust flow amount.

Abstract: A system having a particulate matter sensor in an exhaust stream of an engine upstream from a particulate filter and another such sensor downstream from the filter. There may also be an exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) control on the engine. The amount of particulate matter in or loading of the filter may be determined by the upstream filter. The working condition of the filter may be determined by the downstream sensor. The filter may have a heater and control for providing operational and particulate matter burn-off temperatures to the filter. A processor may be connected to the sensors, the EGR control and the filter heater control.

Abstract: Intake air is severely restricted during cold start of a diesel engine to provide high engine-out exhaust gas temperatures and quickly heat exhaust treatment devices. Cylinder pressures are maintained substantially below the pressure of the ambient atmosphere during a principal portion of the intake stroke of each combustion cycle to promote rapid fuel vaporization and higher combustion temperatures. The engine is operated in a premixed charge compression ignition combustion mode to provide a high engine-out exhaust temperature, stable combustion, and low emissions during the cold start period.

Abstract: A method for improving engine control during a regeneration of an exhaust gas after treatment device is described. According to one aspect of the description, engine air amount and engine fuel amount may be adjusted based on data from a previously executed regeneration of an exhaust gas after treatment device.

Abstract: A method for controlling a fuel mixture in an exhaust gas system of a mobile internal combustion engine having at least one catalytic converter in an exhaust gas line, includes carrying out the control with an individual control probe in the interior of the at least one catalytic converter. An exhaust gas system and a vehicle having the exhaust gas system, are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an exhaust-gas purification system for the selective catalytic reduction of nitrogen oxides. The system includes at least one catalyst having catalytically active components for the selective catalytic reduction (SCR components). An NOx storage catalyst (5) is arranged upstream of the SCR catalyst (3) in the exhaust-gas purification system. For performing the selective catalytic reduction, metering means (8) for supplying a compound decomposable into ammonia is provided between the NOx storage catalyst and the SCR catalyst (3). At low exhaust-gas temperatures, the NOx storage catalyst (5) adsorbs the nitrogen oxides contained in the exhaust gas and desorbs them only at rising exhaust-gas temperatures, so that they can afterwards be converted by the SCR catalyst (3) which is active then. This results in an altogether improved conversion rate for the nitrogen oxides.

Abstract: The nitric oxide (NO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) content of lean-burn engine exhaust is beneficially prepared for selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of these oxides to nitrogen by two sidestream additions to the exhaust. An ozone-containing air stream is added to the exhaust to affect oxidation of NO to NO2. And a hydrocarbon(s) fuel constituent is added to a second humidified ozone-containing air stream and that mixture subjected to UV radiation. Strongly oxidizing hydroxyl radicals are formed by interaction of ozone, water, and UV radiation for reaction with the hydrocarbon. The resulting partially oxidized hydrocarbons (Pox) are added to the exhaust, providing effective reduction materials for the SCR of NO2 to nitrogen and water.

Abstract: There are provided a NOx storage reduction catalyst which is provided in an exhaust passage for an engine, and a sulfur concentration sensor which can detect a total concentration of SOx and H2S in exhaust gas that has passed through the NOx catalyst, and a concentration of SOx in the exhaust gas. An operating state of the engine is controlled such that SOx is released from the NOx catalyst (sulfur poisoning recovery process). When a concentration of the hydrogen sulfide obtained based on the total concentration and the concentration of SOx that are detected by the sulfur concentration sensor during the sulfur poisoning recovery process exceeds a permissible limit, an operating state of the engine is controlled such that the sulfur oxide is released from the NOx catalyst, an amount of the released sulfur oxide is in a predetermined range, and the concentration of the hydrogen sulfide is reduced.

Abstract: A method of reducing undesired NO2 emissions of an internal combustion engine that operates with excess air and has an exhaust gas section, including providing the exhaust gas section with at least one catalytic converter that operates with NO oxidation activity, wherein the catalytic converter is adapted to increase the NO2 content in the exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine for exhaust gas post treatment processes. During operation of the internal combustion engine, and adapted to a respective operating level of the internal combustion engine and a state of the catalytic converter, a content of materials that compete with the NO oxidation is varied in such a way that downstream of the catalytic converter only that theoretical NO2 content is present in the exhaust gas that is required for a subsequent exhaust gas post treatment.

Abstract: An exhaust gas cooler assembly (10) with an internally located bypass tube (50), spaced apart from and disposed within a core passage (60), with an exhaust gas inlet manifold (40) directing exhaust gas to a plurality of cooling passages (52, 54, 56, 58) or to the bypass tube (50) by means of control valves (42, 44). Further provided is a detachable valve cartridge (84) with an actuator (16), with all moving components being included within the valve cartridge (84) and actuator (16).

Abstract: A hydraulic controller for working machine according to the present invention, which presupposes an electronic control system where an integrated bleed-off valve common to hydraulic actuators is used for bleed-off control and the bleed-off valve is controlled by the secondary pressure of a proportional solenoid valve controlled by a controller, is constituted to compensate supply of a pressure oil for the hydraulic actuators even if the secondary pressure of the proportional solenoid valve is stopped, by providing, at the bleed-off valve, a fail-safe position with a fail-safe path which opens with an opening having smaller area than an unload opening.

Abstract: Energy generating system using sea waves characterised in that said floating body (1) is mounted on a structure (5), in that it includes at last one horizontal shaft (9) integral by its ends to said structure (5), and in that said means for converting the movement of said floating body (1) into mechanical energy include a moving housing (10) around which the connecting cable or chain (4) winds, with said housing (10) being mounted in rotating fashion in relation to said horizontal shaft (9), in such a way that it rotates under the action of said wound cable or chain (4). The system obtains energy in a very simple and effective way.

Abstract: In a Stirling engine, a hollow cylinder-like pressure vessel covers a cylinder, a piston, and a linear motor. The pressure vessel is divided into a ring-like portion and a dome-like portion at a position closer to the displacer installation side than a piston support-side end of the linear motor. At the divided portion, an outward-facing flange-shaped portion is formed for each of the ring-like portion and the dome-like portion. For temporary sealing of the pressure vessel, both flange-shaped portions are joined together and tightened by tightening rings and bolts. A performance check is performed in this state, and then outer peripheral portions of the flange-shaped portions are welded together for final sealing.

Abstract: In accordance with one embodiment, the present techniques relate to a ground power unit that supplies electricity to an aircraft. The ground power unit may include a generator coupled to a diesel piston engine. A turbocharger may pre-compress the air consumed by the diesel engine, and a charge air cooler may cool this air before it is introduced to the diesel engine. The charge air cooler may be placed upstream from the diesel engine in a primary air flow. Advantageously, drawing air through the charge air cooler that has not first passed over the engine may lower the operating temperature of the ground power unit.

Abstract: The invention relates to an arrangement for controlling an exhaust gas flow through an exhaust gas recirculation system for an internal combustion engine having a turbocharger. The exhaust gas recirculation system has an exhaust gas cooler and a bypass which is capable of diverting at least a portion of exhaust gas flow from the cooler, the exhaust gas cooler and the bypass each being assigned a separate valve for enabling and disabling the flow of the exhaust gas. At full load of the internal combustion engine, the valves are closed together and/or at the same time. The valves are arranged at the upstream side of the exhaust gas recirculation system. When the two valves are closed, the exhaust gas recirculation system is decoupled from.

Abstract: A turbine housing for an engine turbocharger includes a turbine outlet port fluidly coupled to an expansion mechanism, a waste port fluidly coupled to a collector, and a valve assembly rotatable between a first position blocking the turbine outlet port and a second position blocking the waste port. The valve assembly directs exhaust gas through the waste port in the first position and directs exhaust gas through the turbine outlet port in the second position. The valve assembly is in the first position during engine start-up to direct exhaust gas from the engine through the collector and into a catalyst. The valve assembly is in the second position a predetermined time following engine start-up to direct exhaust gas from the engine to the expansion mechanism.

Abstract: An exhaust turbo-supercharger having a high efficiency is provided. The exhaust turbo-supercharger includes therein an exhaust turbine housing including a spiral channel and a turbine-accommodating chamber connected to an innermost peripheral part of the spiral channel; an exhaust turbine provided in the turbine-accommodating chamber so that the axial line of the exhaust turbine is parallel to that of the spiral channel; a shaft that is concentrically connected to one side of the exhaust turbine in the axial line direction; a bearing housing disposed at the side of the exhaust turbine in the axial line direction so as to be adjacent to the exhaust turbine housing; a bearing that is provided in the bearing housing and that rotatably supports the shaft around the axial line; and a heat shield component interposed between the exhaust turbine housing and the bearing housing.