Abstract: A fiber-optic component comprises a hollow casing defining an enclosed cavity therewithin, a fiber-optic unit disposed within the cavity, and a potting compound filling the cavity in the casing and encapsulating the fiber-optic unit of the fiber-optic component. The potting material has a compressive strength allowing the fiber-optic component to withstand pressure of up to 14,000 psi. A method for manufacturing the fiber-optic component comprises the steps of: providing the casing with the enclosed cavity therewithin, inserting the fiber-optic unit into the cavity, providing the potting material, and introducing the potting material into the cavity so that a space around the fiber-optic unit is filled with the potting material to encapsulate the fiber-optic unit.

Abstract: A crochet tool is designed to make the process of forming loops easier. The tool has a handle section and at least one working section that extends from the handle section along an axis. The working section has a hollow bore terminating at a end opening disposed generally transverse to the axis and opening away from the handle; a sidewall; and a side aperture in the sidewall that opens into the bore and is sized to allow a crochet hook tip to pass therethrough. The crochet tool may have a second working section extending from the other end of handle section that is substantially similar to the first working section, but with a different outer dimension so as to be smaller or larger. The two working sections may collinear, with the handle section optionally tapering therebetween. A kit of such tools is also described.

Abstract: The washing machine includes a tub, a bearing housing provided to the tub by injection molding such that a fastening part of the bearing housing is exposed to an outside of the tub, and a stator coupled to the fastening part. The washing machine suppresses generation of noise and vibration during a washing operation and has a motor firmly attached to the washing machine.

Abstract: A washing machine and a method for manufacturing the same are disclosed. The washing machine includes a tub, a bearing housing having a fastening member and formed by insert-injection molding into the tub so as to expose the fastening member from the tub, and a stator mounted to the fastening member. The washing machine can maintain concentricity of the stator and permit simplification of an assembly process to reduce manufacturing costs.

Abstract: A bearing housing and a washing machine including the same are disclosed. The bearing includes a bearing support supporting a bearing, a rib formed integrally with the bearing support and including a penetration part, and a flange part extending radially from the rib. The washing machine can maintain concentricity of the stator and permit simplification of an assembly process.

Abstract: A washing machine is disclosed. A washing machine includes a case, a tub mounted in the case to hold wash water, a hanger provided in a front upper portion of the tub to hang laundry thereon, and a driving unit to reciprocate the hanger with the laundry in a predetermined direction within the tub. According to the washing machine mentioned above, the laundry is washed only by using the reciprocating motion. As a result, the laundry may not be entangled and fabric of the laundry may not damage.

Abstract: A multiple laundry machine capable of separately washing a small amount of laundry is disclosed. The disclosed multiple laundry machine includes a casing, and a plurality of laundry machines arranged in the casing, to conduct washing operations in different manners, respectively.

Abstract: An anti-theft bicycle locking device that consists of a cylindrical housing rotatingly supporting a drum and having a semi-rigid cable which is retracted within a housing by a drum as S-shaped turns formed by a cranking mechanism of the drum consisting of two cylindrical hubs with an opening between them through which the cable is threaded when it is passed through the anti-theft locking device. When the drum is rotated by means of handle portions of the drum exposed through the housing, one exposed end of the cable is retracted onto one side of the drum and the other to the opposite side of the drum. The space between the inner surface of the housing and the outer surface of the drum and the direction of the outlet openings of the housing provide placement of the turns side by side on the drum surface.

Abstract: By employing a deadbolt construction for virtually eliminating the ability of the shackle to be removed from the housing by the application of excessive force, an effective, easily produced, padlock is achieved which also incorporates two separate and independent locking systems formed in a single padlock. In the present invention, a single housing and a single shackle assembly are employed and are constructed for enabling the shackle to be released from locked engagement with the housing either a rotatable dial combination construction or a key activated tumbler construction. Furthermore, the rotatable combination defining dials, which controls the release of the shackle using the preset combination, are coaxially aligned, peripherally surrounding the key controlled tumbler/cylinder. As a result, a compact construction is realized, as well as an efficient and effective release construction which is shared by both the combination controlled section as well as the key controlled section.

Abstract: A padlock includes a housing, a shackle having a pivoting portion pivotally passing through a first top hole of the housing into an accommodation chamber of the housing and a locking end passing through a second top hole of the housing, a retaining device disposed in the accommodation chamber and having at least two driving wheels for controlling an axial movement of the pivoting portion of the shackle, and at least two pointers located above a dial of the housing and respectively driven by the driving wheels to point to one of figures of the dial. When both of the pointers point to correct figures, the pivoting portion of the shackle is axially moveable relative to the housing under the control of the driving wheels, such that locking end of the shackle is moveable away from the second top hole of the housing to unlock the padlock.

Abstract: A padlock includes a base, a combination controlled lock unit having a shaft passing through a top hole of the base into an accommodation chamber of the base, three combination wheels rotatably sleeved onto the shaft, and three retaining wheels sleeved onto the shaft and respectively engaged with the combination wheels, a driving member connected with the shaft, two shackles having bottom ends respectively connected to the base and top ends detachably engaged with each other, and a latch connected with the shaft so as to be driven to move between a locking position where a block portion of the latch stops at least pivotable one of the shackles from movement for ensuring engagement of the top ends of the shackles and a unlocking position where the block portion moves away from the pivotable shackle for allowing disengagement of the top ends of the shackles.

Abstract: A lock includes a lock body, which has a core holding hole in a middle portion, and a lock core fitted in the core holding hole; the lock body has several pin holes on a periphery portion thereof; saw-resistant pins are inserted in the pin holes of the lock body respectively to protect the lock body from being damaged with tools such as a saw; the saw-resistant pins have already undergone heat treatment so as to have increased strength.

Abstract: A container lock with a housing and, positioned in it, a bolt that can be displaced by actuating a handle, with an insertion shaft for inserting a coin, with a scanning device for scanning the diameter of the coin inserted into the insertion shaft as far as a scanning position, where the scanning device interacts with a blocking device in such a way that the bolt can be displaced only with a coin having a correct diameter. It is proposed that the scanning device should configure a fixing jaw, which securely grips the coin that is inserted in the insertion shaft so that it is partly accessible from outside in the scanning position with the bolt pre-locked to prevent its withdrawal.

Abstract: An apparatus for securing a closure such as door or a window that opens and closes by movement relative to a fixed structure such as a wall or a floor. Many embodiments provide a device for relocating a padlock from its normal location where it secures a fastener (such as a hasp) to a location for the padlock that is more accessible for locking and unlocking the padlock. Typically an extender is provided, where the extender has a hook at a first end that is disposed through the eye of the staple of the hasp, and at an opposing second end the extender has an annulus, such as a hole in the extender or a loop or ring affixed to the extender. The shackle of the padlock may be disposed through the annulus and may be disposed through the eye of a second staple to secure the door or window in a closed or open position. Some embodiments employ a rigid sheath to enclose at least a portion of the extender.

Abstract: A lock-out device for an exit device door operator mechanism, the lock-out device being configured to interact with the operator mechanism, which would normally require a key to change the condition of the operator mechanism between a locked and unlocked condition, thereby allowing someone on the inside of the door to manually lock the door against entry from the exterior without using the key for the locking mechanism.

Abstract: A locking system for an aircraft door includes: at least one locking member mounted on the door or doorframe, located along at least one of the edges of the door or doorframe, and adapted to move between a closed position, in which it bears against a corresponding bearing region of the doorframe or door, an “inward opening” intermediate position, which it occupies during the opening sequence of the door, in which it bears respectively against the doorframe or door to move the door toward the interior of the aircraft cabin, and an open position, in which it is completely disengaged from the corresponding bearing region, thus permitting the outward movement of the door relative to the doorframe without an upward or downward vertical movement; elements for actuating each locking member between the closed and open positions; and elements for locking each locking member in the closed position.

Abstract: A deadbolt device for a door is disclosed that has a linkage assembly enclosed within a handle. The linkage assembly extends from a first end to a second end and is moveable from a locked position to an unlocked position. A lock housing extends through the door and includes a guide channel that extends from an interior side of the lock housing to an exterior side of the lock housing. A locking member, at least a portion of which is in the guide channel, is operatively connected to the linkage assembly and is moveable from a locked position to an unlocked position, which correspond to those of the linkage assembly. A biasing mechanism is operatively connected to the locking member and biases the locking member to its locked position. A dogging member is moveably connected to the lock housing such that the dogging member can move from an undogged to a dogged position.

Abstract: A locking system for integrating into an entry door having a vertical expanse and providing simultaneous multi-port locking along the vertical expanse of the entry door. The locking system includes a rod positioned along the vertical expanse of a length at least co-extensive with a plurality of deadbolt locks positioned within the entry door. A plurality of deadbolt locks that provided space along the vertical expanse and a plurality of swing arms, each swing arm pivotally connected to the rod on first end thereof and connected to a deadbolt lock on a second end thereof. An actuator is employed for shuttling between first and second positions of the rod causing the swing arms to simultaneously extend the deadbolt locks for locking the entry door and withdrawing the deadbolt locks for unlocking the entry door.

Abstract: A mortise lock for mounting in a door. The lock includes a bolt movable along a first axis between a first, extended position and a second, retracted position. The bolt has an end which, when the bolt is in its first, extended position and when the door is moved to a closed position, engages a strike which urges the bolt toward its second, retracted position. Also included are means for biasing the bolt to its first, extended position. The lock further includes a driven member which is mounted for rotation about a second axis. The second axis is generally perpendicular to the first axis. As the driven member is made to rotate about the second axis, it engages the bolt and urges it, overcoming the bias, to its second position. A drive member is mounted for rotation about a third axis, generally parallel to the second axis.

Abstract: An automobile steering wheel lock includes a foundation base provided with an insert slot at its front end and an accommodating chamber therein with a push-in lock having an engage pin and a spring. The push-in lock is pressed to insert the engage pin in the insert hole of the foundation base. The foundation base has its lower side fixed with a clasping member having its upper end disposed with a positioning insert rod and its lower end formed with a retaining member. The positioning insert rod inserted in the insert slot has at least one pin hole for the engage pin to be inserted therethrough, having one side provided with a slide recess. A fixing pin is inserted through the accommodating chamber and fixed in the slide recess to position the positioning insert rod in the insert slot for preventing the clasping member from slipping off the foundation base.

Abstract: An automobile steering wheel lock includes a foundation base with a lock holder, an insert slot formed between the foundation base and the lock holder. The foundation base has its underside secured with a baffle plate having its front portion formed with a clasping recess. The lock holder is disposed with an accommodating chamber received therein with a push-in lock provided with an engage pin and a spring, and the engage pin can be pressed to extend in the insert slot. A resisting rod is fixed with a positioning insert bar to be inserted in the insert slot. The positioning insert bar is bored with at least one pin hole for an engage pin to be inserted therein and has one side provided with a lengthwise slide recess, and a fixing pin is inserted through the accommodating chamber and fixed in the slide recess of the positioning insert bar.

Abstract: An outboard motor lower-unit lock has a key, a locking pin assembly and a shaft. To install the lock, a user drills a shaft hole the same diameter as the shaft through both sides of a housing unit below an access hole of the housing unit. The shaft is inserted in the shaft hole, and oriented so that a threaded hole in the center of the shaft can receive a threaded pin section of the locking pin. The locking pin receives the key. The key is tightened. Finally, the user removes the key allowing the locking pin to rotate around and below the shaft, thereby obstructing a bolt securing the lower-unit to the housing unit, and preventing the unauthorized removal of the lower-unit.

Abstract: The invention relates to a remote controlled locking device for vehicles, a stationary lock being located inside the vehicle and a portable electronic key (20) being in the possession of an authorized person. The key (20) comprises a display for actual data of the locking and/or operating states of the vehicle as well as a keypad for calling up this data and/or for controlling the future locking and/or operating states from the vehicle. In order to obtain small dimensions of the key, the invention provides that both the display as well as the keypad (22 to 24) are located at the same location in the key (20) and, to this end, a touch screen (21) is used.

Abstract: A motorcycle seat like the one which comes stock on the 2007 HD street glide can easily be removed with a screwdriver, that's bad if the one with the screwdriver has criminal intent. The lock I have invented covers that screw up with a keyed lock preventing that unwanted person from easily removing it.

Abstract: In an electronic lock system, a lock includes a lock housing (6) with an integral female USB connector (6), a lock mechanism supported by the lock housing, and a storage supported by the lock housing and operative for storing a first, predetermined electronic image. A key (4) includes a key housing, an imaging system supported by the key hosing and operative for determining a second electronic image of non optical features of a body part in contact with the key, and a male USB connector (1?) supported by the key housing and interfaced with the imaging system for passage of or permitting access to the second electronic image. A computational unit (32) is provided and is operative for comparing the first and second electronic images when the male and female USB connectors are mated and for causing the lock mechanism to move to its open or closed position as a function of the comparison.

Abstract: The invention provides a key (10), of the type comprising a stem (14) which is retractable in relation to a case (12), in which the stem (14) comprises a lug (18), by means of which it is articulated in relation to the case (12), which comprises angular locking means (22) for locking the stem (14) in the retracted position and angular locking means (22) for locking the stem (14) in the deployed position, characterized in that the locking means comprise a single locking element (22) mounted such that it can move inside the case (12), which co-operates directly with the lug (18) of the stem (14) in order to lock the stem (14) in the retracted or deployed position.

Abstract: A lock and a cooperating key combination is disclosed, the lock comprising a stator and a rotor with a keyway, the key comprising a penetrating portion for insertion in the keyway. The penetrating portion includes at least on combination surface and at least one movable element that can be extended beyond at least one surface of the key, adding height to the surface of the key and for cooperation with at least one first control element for controlling rotation of the rotor. At least one second control element for controlling the rotation of the rotor is provided in the lock opposite the first control element with the keyway in between, the second control element adapted to cooperate with an aperture located on the opposite surface of the key, behind the movable element.

Abstract: Modified fertilizer materials are produced, comprising a) at least one fertilizer granule coated with a dispersant to form at least one fertilizer granule-dispersant particle, b) a dispersant, which comprises at least one agrochemical blended with at least one powder, and c) an overcoating material that is applied to the at least one fertilizer granule-dispersant particle. Methods of producing a modified fertilizer materials comprise: a) providing at least one fertilizer granule, b) providing a dispersant that comprises at least one agrochemical blended with at least one powder, c) providing an overcoating material, d) applying the dispersant to the at least one fertilizer granule to form at least one fertilizer granule-dispersant particle, and e) applying the overcoating material to the at least one fertilizer granule-dispersant particle to form the modified fertilizer material.

Abstract: A neem based composition for coating nitrogenous fertilizer. The composition comprises 2-10 percent by weight neem extract, 10-60 percent by weight neem oil, 10-25 percent by weight binder and 25-50 percent by weight organic solvent. Also a method of making the composition by mixing the ingredients, a method of coating a nitrogenous fertilizer by mixing it with 0.5 to 1.0 percent by weight of the neem based composition and nitrogenous fertilizer coated with 0.5 to 1.0 percent by weight of the neem based composition.

Abstract: A method of detecting strip edges in a cold rolling mill and/or strip-forming installation in which the strip edges (13, 14) are continuously detected in a contactless manner with two optical recognition systems, the right strip edge (14) and the left strip edge (13) are detected along a strip length of more than 800 mm with an image recording system (4, 5), the image data are communicated to a computer (11) and are processed there, and a so determined strip edge shape is taken into account during a regulation process.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a thematic design article is disclosed. One of the embodiments of the method comprises the step of formulating from a three-dimensional computer model of an article, design parameters for panel elements of the article. The method further comprises the step of controlling a wire bending device responsive to the design parameters to form the panel elements, wherein the panel elements are comprised of horizontal and vertical sub-elements comprising continuous sub-panels, linear cut to form sub-panels, or a combination thereof.

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus for making a seamless hollow body (10) from a solid round block (7) of steel with a diameter <95% of the diameter of the solid round block by means of a two-roll cross-rolling mill with a piercing mandrel (3) held between the inclined roll (1) and including a piercer (5) and at least one smoothing part (4) using pass-closing guides, or by means of a three-roll cross rolling mill with a piercing mandrel held between the inclined rolls and including a piercer and at least one smoothing part, wherein the distance of the rolls is adjusted in a particular manner at the narrowest cross-section (2) in relation to the diameter of the used round block, and the position of the piercing mandrel is adjusted in relation to the narrowest cross-section of the rollers.

Abstract: A ring mill apparatus and method utilizes at least one hydraulic or other direct drive motor to drive a roller in contact with a ring that is to be expanded by the ring mill. The motor may be two opposed radial piston hydraulic motors, to drive an upper king roller, which contacts the outside of the ring, which is inserted between the upper king roller and a lower mandrel roller, which contacts the inside of the ring. The lower mandrel roller is urged upwards against the ring by a ram driven carriage. Two hydraulic or other direct drive motors can be provided in-line with, and directly connected to, the king roller.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method and a device for mounting a fastening element (12, 12?) on a part, e.g. a sheet metal part (13, 13?). Said fastening element comprises an axis of symmetry (18), a head piece (14) with a contact surface (22) that comes in contact with the part (13), a fastening section encompassing a thread (15, 15?), and at least one undercut (24, 82) which accommodates the material of the part. The material of the part is pressed against the contact surface and into the undercut by means of a first tool (26-26???) which is provided with a female die that is suitable for embodying the fastening element.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods to drive material conditioning machines are described. An example apparatus includes a first plurality of work rolls to process a strip material and a second plurality of work rolls to process the strip material. The example apparatus also includes a motor to drive the second plurality of work rolls. The motor is to apply a first rolling torque to the second plurality of work rolls that is different than a second rolling torque applied to the first plurality of work rolls.

Abstract: A beam with a hat-shaped profile with a cross-section that varies along its length is successively formed from a plane sheet metal strip using a roll-forming machine with a number of forming stations. The forming stations (11, 12) have a pair of clamping rollers (21, 22 and 23, 24) for each side flange (16, 17) and support rollers (25, 26) for the central flange. The pairs of clamping rollers in the forming stations can be displaced both horizontally and vertically during a forming operation, and the support rollers (25, 26) can be displaced vertically and they can be displaced individually in a sideways direction. All four corners (27-30) of the hat-shaped beam are formed at the same time, whereby the corners are folded on the peripheral edges of the clamping rollers and support rollers. Not only the axes of the pairs of clamping rollers but also of the support rollers can be turned in order to adapt to the corners that are being formed.

Abstract: The utilization of smaller dies than those originally intended for a given size pilger mill is made possible for the first time by a new means of strengthening the necessarily small diameter shaft and by novel bearing blocks wherein smaller bearings are mounted off center. The smaller die assembly constructed according to this invention is completely and simply interchangeable with the original die sets and can be inserted in the pilger mill as a matter of course without modifications or adjustments to the machine proper.

Abstract: A method of drawing and ironing a resin film laminated metal sheet for forming a can body having a bottom portion, a can wall portion and a flange-forming portion by drawing the resin film laminated metal sheet obtained by laminating at least one surface of a metal sheet with an organic resin film, followed by ironing by using a punch and a plurality of dies neighboring each other. The can wall is effectively prevented from being broken by a decrease in the thickness of the can wall, and drawn and ironed cans are efficiently formed having a thickness which is decreased as designed.

Abstract: The invention presents method and apparatus for forming of large thin panels and similar parts having integral stiffeners at one side of a board. The method includes progressive forming of preheated billets into sculptured dies of corresponding length and width by a forging die of substantially identical width and short length with slightly inclined and flat forging surfaces providing a smoothly convergent working zone, and a periodical transfer of the sculptured die into the working zone between successive strokes of the forging die. Control of the material flow is performed by selection of a ratio of the working zone length to the billet thickness, variable contact friction at both dies and application of additional compressive forces to the billet at ends of the working zone. For semi-continuous processing of very long parts, the sculptured die is composed by plurality of sectioned elements.

Abstract: To enable forming a negative angle with deep bending and forming a high-quality panel, a negative-angle press-working die includes an elevatable pad fixed to an upper die, a slide cam supported slidable laterally on the upper die or a lower die and having a bending blade, a rotary cam rotatable about a rotational center having a bending part which forms a negative-angle portion on a workpiece and a cam surface abutting on the slide cam, an elevatable slide body disposed under the pad rotatably together with the rotary cam and having a hold part provided at an upper portion on a bending part side of the rotary cam and constituting a part of a male die for workpiece forming, a drive unit that rotates the rotary cam to a workpiece working position, and a slide drive unit that slides the slide body in an up and down direction.

Abstract: A tool (10) for cold expansion of holes comprises a body (14) which has at least a cylindrically shaped part (16) having an inner hole (24) in axial direction of the body (14). The body (14) comprises along the circumferential direction a plurality of members (18, 18a, 18b, 18c) which are movable in radial direction of the body (14), such that the outer diameter of the cylindrically shaped part (16) of the body (14) can be changed. Furthermore a core (26, 26c) is provided which is insertable into the inner hole (24), wherein at least one of the core (26, 26c) and the inner hole (24) comprises a portion (28) of changing diameter and the inner hole (24) and the core (26, 26c) get into contact with each other upon insertion of the core, such that in dependency of the depth of the insertion of the core (26, 26c) into the inner hole (24) in axial direction the members (18, 18a, 18b, 18c) move radially outwardly and the outer diameter of the cylindrically shaped part (16) of the body (14) increases.

Abstract: A method is provided in which with respect to an optical detection apparatus including an optical detection unit and a temperature control unit, whether optical signal detection and temperature control are performed accurately, i.e. the performance thereof, can be verified simply with high reliability. With respect to an optical detection apparatus including an optical detection unit for detecting an optical signal of a sample and a temperature control unit for controlling temperature of the sample, the optical signal detection performance and temperature control performance are verified by the following method. First, a standard sample containing a nucleic acid sequence and a strand complementary thereto that have a known optical signal intensity and Tm value is provided, the temperature of the standard sample is increased or decreased with the temperature control unit, and optical signal intensity of the standard sample is measured with the detection unit.

Abstract: An electrochemical test sensor configured to determine an analyte concentration of a fluid sample comprises a base including a first end, a second opposing end, a first side and a second side bridging the first and second opposing ends. The test sensor further comprises a plurality of electrodes formed on the base at or near the first end. The plurality of electrodes includes a working electrode and a counter electrode. The sensor further comprises a first test-sensor contact formed on the base at or near the second opposing end and coupled to the working electrode by a first conductive lead. The sensor further comprises a second test-sensor contact formed on the base at or near the second opposing end and coupled to the counter electrode by a second conductive lead. The positions of the first and second test-sensor contacts correspond with calibration information assigned to the test sensor.

Abstract: A system and methodology for the trace detection of organic explosives is described. The detector system combines a separation system, such as a gas chromatograph to separate the components of an explosive mixture, with a pyrolysis detector. In operation, effluent from the separation system is pyrolyzed and the fragments produced on pyrolysis of the explosive compound are then detected. The small molecule fragments exhibit sharply banded, characteristic spectrum, enabling detection of the explosive materials. The system is tested using the explosive materials nitrobenzene and 2,4-dinitrotoluene, and with the nitramine explosive tetryl. Detection limits are 25 ng for nitrobenzene, and 50 ng for 2,4-dinitrotoluene. Tetryl is detected with a detection limit of 50 ng.

Abstract: A particulate matter (PM) sensor includes an embedded self-calibrator. The PM sensor is to be installed in an exhaust corridor of an internal combustion engine. The PM sensor can self-calibrate by imposing a known potential across a protective housing in which the conductive probe is suspended. An image charge that is imposed upon the conductive probe is fed back and correlated to generate an updated calibration for the PM sensor.

Abstract: A sensing system having a zeroing mechanism incorporating a micropump. The micropump may be connected to a gas conditioner for providing zeroing gas to a sensor downstream. The micropump and sensor may be connected to a processor or computer for pump control and receipt of information from the sensor. Upon zeroing and/or baseline correction of the sensor, the pump may be stopped and a sample gas may be fed into the sensor for detection and analysis. Alternatively, the pump may situated downstream of the sensor to draw conditioned gas through the sensor. A valve may be added having a conditioned gas input connected to the conditioner and having a sample input. The valve may have an output connected to the sensor. When the valve is open to the conditioned gas input, it will be closed to the sample input, and vice versa. The system may be for zeroing and/or calibration.

Abstract: Embodiments disclosed herein provide restrictive-flow flow measurement devices, valve improvements and signal control devices and processes that control the flow of liquids, including control processes for single-liquid calibration. In some embodiments, a fluid flow device can be calibrated using a single standard calibration fluid. The fluid flow of a first fluid through a flow meter is measured by calculating a first pressure difference between pressures sensed by two pressure sensors of the flow meter. The fluid flow of a second fluid through the flow meter is measured by calculating a second pressure difference between pressures sensed by the same two pressure sensors. A calibration coefficient is determined based upon the relationship between the flow rate, the fluid density and the calculated pressure difference for the first and second fluids. A relationship between the calibration coefficient and the kinematic viscosity of each fluid is then determined and stored.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for verifying the calibration status of an optical tracking system (1), wherein: a calibration apparatus (20, 40), which comprises a tracking marker configuration (27, 28; 41, 42), is moved to within the detection range of the tracking system (1); the tracking markers (27, 28; 41, 42) of the calibration apparatus (20, 40) are detected by the tracking system; the arrangement of the tracking markers (27, 28; 41, 42) is changed and/or moved into a state such that the tracking system (1) experiences a detection problem; the arrangement of the tracking markers (27, 28; 41, 42) which causes the detection problem is gauged and/or a range of arrangements for the tracking markers (27, 28; 41, 42) which causes the detection problem is gauged; and the tracking system (1) is determined to have a calibration error when the gauged arrangement and/or range of arrangements does not have a predetermined value or is not within a predetermined range of values.

Abstract: A projection device is configured by connecting a projectile supporting part to a spring supporting frame with multiple coil springs. The projectile supporting part is pulled while deforming the coil springs; a projectile is projected by accelerating the projectile supporting part, supporting the projectile, with restoring forces of the coil springs; and the projectile is collided with a test piece supported by the test piece supporting base. Thereby, it is possible to check a state of collision of the projectile with the test piece or how the test piece is damaged thereby. Since the projectile is projected with the restoring forces of the deformed coil springs, the collision test apparatus is simple and compact in structure, low-cost, and easy-to-handle in comparison with projection of a projectile with compressed air.

Abstract: The gas absorption/adsorption memory effect in gas analysis can be reduced by controlling gas flow conditions such that the partial pressure of the analyte of interest is held constant, if the measured analyte concentration is within a predetermined range. Keeping the analyte partial pressure constant is helpful for mitigating the memory effect because changes in analyte absorption/adsorption rates tend to be driven by changes in analyte partial pressure. The memory effect can also be mitigated by performing concentration measurements at two or more different gas flow conditions, and employing a mathematical model to estimate true concentration and “memory effect” contributions to measured concentrations at one or more of the flow conditions. The mathematical model can be based on an assumption that the true analyte concentration is independent of flow rate or pressure, while the “memory effect” contribution to measured concentration is inversely proportional to flow rate or pressure.