Abstract: A capper head for general purpose usable even when the specifications of a cap including thread pitches are changed without using a fixed gear and a lifting cam determining a lifting stroke and the timing thereof. The rotational output of a servo motor (2) is transmitted to a screw mechanism (4) through a sliding engagement section (3), and a screw shaft (17) is lowered while rotating for capping. The lowering stroke of the screw shaft (17) is allowed by the sliding engagement section (3). In capping, even if the strokes of a rotating chuck (7) and an output shaft (31) are different from the lowering stroke by the screw mechanism (4), a stroke difference absorption section (5) absorbs the stroke difference therebetween since a spring (23) in combination with a spline transmitting the rotation is deflected in the axial direction.

Abstract: A refrigerator includes a hands-free vacuum preservation system mounted on a door of the refrigerator comprising a main body portion having a slot therein for receiving an open end of a plastic bag. Sensors within the slot detect the presence of the bag and a retaining device is actuated to punch holes in the bag and retain the bag in position for a vacuum sealing event. An intake port within the system communicates with a vacuum source to remove air from the bag, and a heat sealer seals the bag closed. In a preferred embodiment, once sensors located on the main body portion detect the presence of a consumer's hand, the retaining device releases the bag. The resultant vacuum sealed bag can be stored in a conventional manner, or by hanging the bag from hooks extending through the holes formed therein by the retaining device.

Abstract: A packaging assembly for insulation material has a compression chamber and a surge hopper vertically mounted above the compression chamber. An air drawing assembly positioned beneath the compression chamber draws air through the surge hopper and the compression chamber.

Abstract: For the purpose of handling tobacco bags (10) made of sheet material, a plurality of unfilled bags (10) are fed to a transfer station (29) and transferred simultaneously, by a transfer subassembly (31), to a further-processing subassembly, namely to a bag turret (30) arranged above a bag conveyor (28). During transfer, the bags (10) are transported along an upwardly directed movement path and turned through 180° in the process.

Abstract: A folding unit for producing sealed packages of pourable food products from respective packs, each having a main portion folded into a desired shape, and opposite end portions to be folded to form respective folded ends of a relative finished package. The unit has a first folding station, in turn having a first retaining mechanism for securing each pack by a relative first end portion, and a first folding mechanism for folding a relative second end portion of the pack. The unit also has a second folding station located downstream from the first folding station in the traveling direction of the packs, a second retaining mechanism for securing each pack by the relative folded second end portion, and a second folding mechanism for folding the relative first end portion.

Abstract: A selectively loadable/sealable bioresorbable carrier assembly for retaining and positioning elements used in brachytherapy procedures comprises a bioresorbable tube having a closed distal end and a proximal open end. The bioresorbable tube is loaded with a selectable arrangement of elements, including at least one radioactive seed, through the proximal open end. After the bioresorbable tube is selectably loaded, the bioresorbable tube is heat sealed at a sealing position adjacent a proximalmost element. Once sealed, the bioresorbable tube maintains the arrangement of elements throughout the treatment duration.

Abstract: A variable-volume shipping container has both cushioning and insulating characteristics, so that it may be used to ship items which are fragile, or items which require temperature control (such as refrigeration or warming). The container includes an expansible volume-varying element which expands in thickness while maintaining its plan-view shape after the container is closed and secured, so that fragile items are held snugly, or so that items needing temperature control, such as refrigeration, are held in good heat transfer relation to a refrigerant (such as dry ice) placed into the container along with the items to be shipped. Methods of making expansible volume-varying elements of various configurations and having a differing number of expansible elements are disclosed.

Abstract: A system for closing tamper-resistant containers, each container having a base portion, a sidewall extending upward from the base portion, and a lid having a peripheral groove on an upper surface of the lid. The system comprises a substantially planar surface supporting the base portion of the container and a sealing mechanism having a lower surface with a peripheral flange configured to engage the peripheral groove of the lid of the container and to exert a closing force on the lid in a direction perpendicular to the planar surface to seal the container by attaching the lid to the sidewall.

Abstract: A loading system (10) for loading packaging cards (14) with blister cards (22), which system comprises a magazine (15) for holding a supply of blister cards and operable controllably to release sequential blister cards onto a stationary runner (32) disposed around a portion of a feeder wheel (24), at an input position of the feeder wheel, the feeder wheel having means (30) to convey the blister cards in sliding contact with said runner to a transfer position of the feeder wheel, and means (26) sequentially to transfer conveyed blister cards for loading onto packaging cards during synchronized movement between the transfer means and the packaging cards.

Abstract: A machine is disclosed for covering articles (6) with sheets of plastic material (1). The machine comprises means (10, 21) suitable for cutting and sealing the sheets that cooperate with a work plane (2) and means (30, 50) suitable for arranging a roll (1) of a continuous sheet of plastic material in a suitable position for unrolling subsequent portions of the continuous sheet and the positioning thereof on the work plane (2).

Abstract: There is provided a ceiling type air conditioner including a brush assembly for collecting foreign matters filtered by a filter. The brush assembly includes a brush that contacts the foreign matters filtered by the filter and a main body for collecting the foreign matters separated from the filter to store the foreign matters. Therefore, it is possible to effectively collect and store the foreign matters filtered by the filter in the main body due to the movement of the brush assembly. In addition, since a user does not have to exchange or clean the filter, it is possible to prevent inconvenience from being caused by exchanging or cleaning the filter and to prevent the filter from being contaminated.

Abstract: A gas-liquid separator assembly has a flow passage providing expansion of and reduced flow velocity of the post-separation gas stream, and in some embodiments provides pre-escape regions facilitating partial pre-transition of some of the flow.

Abstract: A cyclone dust-collecting apparatus to separate dust from air drawn in through a suction port body of a vacuum cleaner using a centrifugal force and to collect the separated dust is provided. The cyclone dust-collecting apparatus includes a primary cyclone unit to separate dust from air drawn in through the suction port body; a secondary cyclone unit disposed inside the primary cyclone unit to separate dust from air discharged from the primary cyclone unit; and a tertiary cyclone unit disposed above the primary cyclone unit at an angle different from the primary and secondary cyclone units.

Abstract: A compact multi-cyclone dust separating is disclosed. The multi-cyclone dust separating apparatus includes a first cyclone chamber that separates dust-laden air drawn from outside, a second cyclone chamber that is disposed in the first cyclone chamber, and that separates dust-laden air drawn from the first cyclone chamber, and a third cyclone chamber that is disposed around a periphery of the first cyclone chamber, and that separates dust-laden air drawn from the second cyclone chamber.

Abstract: A V-bank air filter having a high air flow rate with low pressure drop is provided. In one embodiment, a V-bank filter includes a housing having a first pair and a second pair of pleated filter elements arranged in a vee configuration and comprising a unitary disposable filter. A centerline defined by the first pair of pleated filter elements defines an acute angle with a centerline defined by the second pair of pleated filter elements.

Abstract: In a modular gas-separating adsorber assembly, a pair of cylindric vessels, filled-in by a given amount of an adsorbing material (either a mainly adsorbing or a mainly adsorbing material) are always operatively assembled with a top plate and a bottom plate, the top and bottom plates being mutually coupled by tie rods, engaged in the plate corners, the bottom plates and top plates forming plate chambers and being operatively connected with the chamber formed by adjoining cylindric vessel, the plates having projecting fittings to be assembled with the plate chambers included in adjoining vessels.

Abstract: There is disclosed a plugged honeycomb structure in which cracks are not easily generated in partition walls during use as a DPF and during regeneration. A plugged honeycomb structure 40 has gaps 41 opened on the side of an end face 2b between each plugging portion 10 and partition walls 4.

Abstract: A buoyant device for use by one or two persons to skim from the surface of bodies of water the vegetative matter that accumulates thereon so as to facilitate its disposal. The device consists of a cylindrical screen formed to the configuration of the letter C with the top lip being held at the water's surface by a buoyant bar and the lower lip being positioned below the upper lip by a weighted bar; a harness attached to the buoyant bar is used to pull the device across the water's surface.

Abstract: A harvesting machine combination for the utilization of harvested plant remains is provided and includes a combine with an outlet for harvested crop remains, a self propelled forage harvester that includes a conveyor to take over the harvested crop remains from the outlet of the combine, a discharge arrangement for the harvested crop remains, an engine for the drive of the conveyor and a container to take up the harvested crop remains delivered by the discharge arrangement. The combine is equipped with a transmitting arrangement for the transmission of position data and/or operation direction and speed data of the combine. The forage harvester is equipped with a receiving arrangement that interacts with an automatic steering and speed input arrangement of the forage harvester that can be operated on the basis of the data received by the receiving arrangement in order to permit the forage harvester to follow the combine automatically.

Abstract: A rotary mower apparatus includes a mower deck, and a mower blade rotatably mounted under the mower deck about a substantially vertical axis of rotation. The mower blade follows a circular path having a radius equal to a cutting radius, and a baffle plate extends downward from the mower deck adjacent to and outside the circular path. A vertical position of a bottom edge of the baffle plate can be adjusted from a lowered position to a raised position. A deflector plate can be attached such that a front edge thereof is pivotally mounted to the mower deck rearward of the mower blade such that the deflector plate extends downward and rearward from the front edge thereof, and such that the deflector plate can pivot a lowered to a raised position and be supported at a selected location in the pivot range.

Abstract: A rotary mower apparatus includes a mower deck, and a mower blade rotatably mounted under the mower deck about a substantially vertical axis of rotation. The mower blade follows a circular path having a radius equal to a cutting radius, and a baffle plate extends downward from the mower deck adjacent to and outside the circular path. A vertical position of a bottom edge of the baffle plate can be adjusted from a lowered position to a raised position. A deflector plate can be attached such that a front edge thereof is pivotally mounted to the mower deck rearward of the mower blade such that the deflector plate extends downward and rearward from the front edge thereof, and such that the deflector plate can pivot a lowered to a raised position and be supported at a selected location in the pivot range.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a power generation system for a marine vessel including a gas-fired power generation unit such as a gas turbine arranged to receive unodorized natural gas that has been vaporized from LNG stored onboard the marine vessel as a source of fuel gas. Unodorized natural gas is used a source of fuel to keep air emissions to a minimum.

Abstract: This invention presents improved combustion methods, systems, engines and apparatus utilizing H2, O2 and H2O as fuel, thereby providing environmentally friendly combustion products, as well as improved fuel and energy management methods, systems, engines and apparatus. The Water Combustion Technology; WCT, is based upon water (H2O) chemistry, more specifically H2O combustion chemistry and thermodynamics. WCT does not use any hydrocarbon fuel source, rather the WCT uses H2 preferably with O2 and secondarily with air. The WCT significantly improves the thermodynamics of combustion, thereby significantly improving the efficacy of combustion, utilizing the first and second laws of thermodynamics. The WCT preferably controls combustion temperature with H2O and secondarily with air in the combustion chamber. The WCT preferably recycles exhaust gases as fuel converted from water.

Abstract: A power generating turbine system that may include an axial compressor that compresses a flow of air that is then mixed with a fuel and combusted in a combustor such that the resulting flow of hot gas is directed through a turbine. The turbine may include a high-pressure turbine section and a low-pressure turbine section. The high-pressure turbine section may be coupled via a first shaft to the axial compressor such that in operation the high-pressure turbine section drives the axial compressor. And, the low-pressure turbine section may be coupled via a second shaft to a low-speed generator such that in operation the low-pressure turbine section drives the low-speed generator.

Abstract: A power generating turbine system that may include: 1) a turbine that includes two sections, a high-pressure turbine section and a low-pressure turbine section that each reside on a separate shaft; 2) an axial compressor that compresses a flow of air that is then mixed with a fuel and combusted in a combustor such that the resulting flow of hot gas is directed through the turbine, the axial compressor comprising a low-pressure compressor section and a high-pressure compressor section; 3) a four-pole generator; 4) a first shaft that couples the high-pressure turbine section to the high-pressure compressor section such that, in operation, the high-pressure turbine section drives the high-pressure compressor; and 5) a second shaft that couples the low-pressure turbine section to the four-pole generator and the low-pressure compressor such that, in operation, the low-pressure turbine section drives the four-pole generator and the low-pressure compressor.

Abstract: A power generating turbine system that may include: 1) a turbine that includes two sections, a high-pressure turbine section and a low-pressure turbine section that each reside on a separate shaft; 2) an axial compressor that compresses a flow of air that is then mixed with a fuel and combusted in a combustor such that the resulting flow of hot gas is directed through the turbine; 3) a two-pole generator; 4) a four-pole generator; 5) a first shaft that couples the high-pressure turbine section to the axial compressor and the two-pole generator such that, in operation, the high-pressure turbine section drives the axial compressor and the two-pole generator; and 6) a second shaft that couples the low-pressure turbine section to the four-pole generator such that, in operation, the low-pressure turbine section drives the four-pole generator.

Abstract: A power generating turbine system that includes: a turbine that includes three sections, a high-pressure turbine section, a mid-pressure turbine section, and a low-pressure turbine section that each reside on a separate shaft; 2) an axial compressor that compresses a flow of air that is then mixed with a fuel and combusted in a combustor such that the resulting flow of hot gas is directed through the turbine, the axial compressor comprising a high-pressure compressor section and a low-pressure compressor section; 3) a two-pole generator; 4) a four-pole generator; 5) a first shaft that couples the high-pressure turbine section to the high-pressure compressor section such that, in operation, the high-pressure turbine section drives the high-pressure compressor section; 6) a second shaft that couples the mid-pressure turbine section to the high-pressure compressor section and the two-pole generator such that, in operation, the mid-pressure turbine section drives the high-pressure compressor section and two-pole

Abstract: A continuous detonation system, including: a rotatable member including a forward end, an aft end, a circumferential wall and a longitudinal centerline axis extending therethrough; an outer circumferential wall, wherein the rotatable member is positioned therein so that the circumferential wall of the rotatable member is spaced radially inwardly from the outer circumferential wall; at least one helical channel formed by a plurality of helical sidewalls extending between the circumferential wall of the rotatable member and the outer circumferential wall, each helical channel being open at the forward end and the aft end of the rotatable member so as to provide flow communication therethrough; an air supply for providing air to each helical channel; and, a fuel supply for providing fuel to each helical channel. In this way, a mixture of the fuel and air is continuously detonated within each helical channel in a manner such that combustion gases exit therefrom with an increased pressure and temperature.

Abstract: A power plant is provided which includes a gas turbine having a compressor for producing compressed air and a combustor for combusting the compressed air with a combustible fuel to produce a heated combustion gas. The power plant also includes a heat recovery steam generator for generating a flow of steam from an exhaust of the gas turbine and a steam turbine for expanding the flow of steam from the heat recovery steam generator. The steam turbine has a rotor having a rotor bore disposed axially therein. The power plant also includes a conduit for directing at least a portion of the compressed air or at least a portion of the heated combustion gas from the gas turbine to the rotor bore of the steam turbine, wherein the compressed air or the heated combustion gas may warm the rotor bore of the steam turbine.

Abstract: Methods and systems for operating a gas turbine engine system are provided. The system includes a fuel control system. The fuel control system includes a plurality of sensors positioned about the gas turbine engine system and configured to measure at least one parameter associated with the sensor, and a processor programmed to receive a signal from at least one of the plurality of sensors indicative of a composition of the fuel. The processor is further programmed to determine the physical properties of a fuel at an inlet to the flow control devices using a flow model and the at least one signal, determine a corresponding correction to a gas fuel flow gain using the determined physical properties, and automatically control fuel delivery as well as fuel split between the fuel injection points on the combustor using the adjusted flow gain to facilitate permitting a relatively large variation in the fuel composition for use in the gas turbine engine.

Abstract: A nozzle for use in a gas turbine engine includes nozzle doors coupled with a fan nacelle wherein the nozzle doors move in unison between a plurality of positions to influence a bypass airflow through a fan bypass passage. A linkage connects the nozzle doors and an actuator. A louver section coupled with the linkage moves in unison with the nozzle doors between a plurality of louver positions to direct a portion of the bypass airflow in a selected direction.

Abstract: A method for regenerating a soot-laden particle filter in the exhaust gas train of a diesel engine in a vehicle, wherein the engine is equipped with a fuel injection system having an injection valve for each cylinder and an exhaust braking device including a butterfly valve in the exhaust gas train upstream of the particle filter. An exhaust braking phase is initiated by closing the butterfly valve, thereby causing hot exhaust gas to be compressed upstream of the butterfly valve. Regeneration of the particle filter is then initiated by injecting diesel fuel into the cylinders substantially after the respective pistons pass top dead center, and allowing the hot exhaust gas mixture containing unburned fuel and air to flow past the butterfly valve so that the mixture ignites the soot and then supports combustion of the soot, thereby regenerating the particle filter.

Abstract: The invention concerns a system for assisting regeneration of pollution management means (1) associated with oxidation catalyst forming means (2) and integrated in an exhaust line (3) of a motor vehicle diesel engine (4), wherein the engine is associated with common ramp means (7, 8) supplying fuel to the cylinders of the engine, adapted, through modification of engine operation control parameters and use of fuel post-injections into the cylinders thereof, to shift the engine (4) among four strategies of regeneration of the pollution management means (1), the first called normal engine operation strategy, the second called level 1 strategy, the third called level 2 strategy and the fourth called over-calibrated level 2 strategy, enabling different thermal levels to be achieved in the exhaust line (3).

Abstract: The disclosure sets forth operating a spark-ignition, direct-fuel injection internal combustion engine equipped with an exhaust aftertreatment system including a lean-NOx reduction catalyst upstream of a second converter element. The engine preferentially operates in one of a homogeneous charge combustion mode and a stratified charge combustion mode based upon temperature of the lean-NOx reduction catalyst. Exhaust gas flow is selectively diverted to the second converter element.

Abstract: When a concentration measured by a sensor is lower than a predetermined threshold, it is judged that a liquid is any different type of aqueous solution, and also, it is judged whether or not the different type discrimination is adequate. When the discrimination is adequate, the number of different type discriminating times is counted up based on a predetermined counted value, and when the number thereof is equal to or larger than a determination threshold, the different type discrimination is determined. At this time, at least one of the predetermined counted value and the determination threshold is dynamically set based on a liquid level of a reducing agent tank, so that the counting and/or the different type discriminating determination is performed considering convection which is changed according to a level change to thereby discriminate with high precision whether or not the liquid is the different type of aqueous solution.

Abstract: An exhaust system for use with an engine is disclosed. The exhaust system may have an exhaust passageway, a reduction catalyst located within the exhaust passageway, and a particulate filter located within the exhaust passageway upstream of the reduction catalyst. The exhaust system may also have an oxidation catalyst located within the exhaust passageway upstream of the reduction catalyst to provide a desired ratio of NO:NO2 to the reduction catalyst, and an exhaust gas recirculation loop. The exhaust gas recirculation loop may be situated to receive exhaust from the exhaust passageway at a location upstream of the oxidation catalyst and downstream of the particulate filter.

Abstract: The disclosure sets forth operating a spark-ignition, direct-fuel injection internal combustion engine equipped with an exhaust aftertreatment system including a lean-NOx adsorber device. The engine is operated substantially un-throttled and at a lean air/fuel ratio and a first fuel pulse is injected to meet an engine output torque during a compression stroke of each engine cycle prior to a spark-ignition event. When regeneration of the lean-NOx adsorber device is commanded, a second fuel pulse is injected during a second engine stroke of each engine cycle.

Abstract: Provided are exhaust systems and components suitable for use in conjunction with gasoline direct injection (GDI) engines to capture particulates in addition to reducing gaseous emission such as hydrocarbons, nitrogen oxides, and carbon monoxides. Exhaust treatment systems comprising a three-way conversion (TWC) catalyst located on a particulate trap are provided. An exemplary particulate trap is a soot filter. Additional treatment components can be added downstream of the particulate trap, including NOx traps and SCR catalysts. The TWC catalyst can be coated on both the inlet side and the outlet side of the particulate trap. Alternatively, an oxidation catalyst can be deposited on a particulate trap. Methods of making and using the same are also provided.

Abstract: This invention relates to a device and method using infrared to enhance selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NOx, consisting of at least an infrared-emitting body, said infrared-emitting body being engineered to have specific spectral luminance covering a part or the whole of 3-14 ?m wavelength range, that provides an effective means for improving NOx conversion in the SCR aftertreatment system of diesel engines.

Abstract: A valve assembly is disclosed. The valve assembly may include a housing having an interior chamber, inlet port, outlet port, and control port. The valve assembly may further include a valve member configured to move within the interior chamber to permit flow between the inlet port and the control port and between the outlet port and the control port. The valve assembly may further include and an actuator configured to move the valve member to form a first opening and second opening to create flow forces tending to close the first and second opening. The valve member may also include a passageway in the valve member configured to direct fluid flow from the inlet port to the control port and from the control port to the outlet port, and counteract the flow forces at the first and second opening.

Abstract: A Hydraulic Gravity Harvester is disclosed; having a plural of slip buckets, each slip bucket has a piston that works with a valve that is connected to the lower end of each piston; each slip bucket reciprocates vertically within a cylinder. When the valve is in the closed position and the slip bucket is on the down stroke, it creates a positive pressure in the cylinder pushing fluid up to a reservoir positioned high above the slip buckets. Each slip bucket on the down stroke is connected so that the opposite valve is in the open position and on the up stroke, so the weight of the fluid that has pushed this slip bucket down now rest on the bottom of the cylinder. This allows the slip bucket that is on the down stroke to turn a shaft creating a rotational torque.

Abstract: In certain embodiments, a service pack includes an engine, a tandem pump system coupled to the engine, and a controller. The tandem pump system may include a first pump and a second pump in tandem with one another. The controller may be configured to enable the first pump at a first load condition associated with the engine, the second pump at a second load condition associated with the engine, and both the first and second pumps at a third load condition associated with the engine. The load conditions may correspond to engine loads, hydraulic loads, or other loads associated with the engine. For example, at a low hydraulic pressure, the controller may selectively operate both the first and second pumps, whereas the controller may selectively operate only the first pump or the second pump at high and medium hydraulic pressures, respectively. In this manner, the system can provide suitable flow without overloading the engine.

Abstract: A hydraulic drive system for an actuator uses a pair of pressure compensated hydraulic machines to control flow to and from the drive chambers of the actuator by varying the controlled pressure of one of the machines. The machines are mechanically coupled to permit energy recovery and charge an accumulator to store supplies energy. The drive system may be combined with other services including a transmission for incorporation in a vehicle. The transmission uses a pressure compensated supply and torque control of the wheels.

Abstract: A control method for a hydraulic type continuously variable transmission for suppressing a harmful effect due to the reacceleration just after deceleration of a vehicle. In a hydraulic type continuously variable transmission, the operation of a shifting actuator is stopped to suspend the shift control (S7) when a throttle valve is rapidly opened just after fully closed (S4: Yes) and an engine speed NE [rpm] is being rapidly increased (S6: Yes). Accordingly, even when the actual engine speed NE becomes much greater than a target engine speed T_NE during reacceleration just after deceleration of a vehicle, unexpected shift control (upshifting) can be prevented, so that more desirable torque can be produced.

Abstract: An axle driving apparatus for being mounted on the body frame of a vehicle and for independently rotating drive wheel members. The axle driving apparatus includes a first axle driving unit (18L) having a housing (40) and a single axle (20L), the single axle (20L) defining a proximal end portion rotatably mounted in the housing (40) and a distal end portion extending outwardly from a first side of the housing (40). An enlarged region is defined by the housing (40), with the enlarged region extending substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the single axle (20L). A hydraulic stepless speed change assembly (22) is disposed within the enlarged region. The speed change assembly (22) includes a hydraulic pump (52) having an input shaft (21) projecting from the enlarged region and includes a hydraulic motor (55) including an output shaft (74) drivingly connected to the single axle (20L).

Abstract: A heat exchanger includes: a cylindrical member made of metal as an outer shell body; a corrugated fin that is made of metal and that is attached to the cylindrical member as a heat exchanging member; and a coating layer formed on at least one of a surface of the cylindrical member and a surface of the corrugated fin. The corrugated fin is pressure-contacted to the cylindrical member. The heat exchanger can be provided, for example, to a heat absorbing portion or a heat dissipating portion of a Stirling engine.

Abstract: To provide a less expensive and high-efficient free-piston Stirling cycle machine with an outer diameter of entire machine being relatively small. In a Stirling cycle cooler as a free-piston Stirling cycle machine including a cylinder 7, a piston 18 which is reciprocable inside said cylinder 7 and an electromagnetic driving mechanism 19 for reciprocating said piston 18, said electromagnetic driving mechanism 19 is comprised of a mover 20 and a stator 35, said piston 18 and said mover 20 formed by disposing a permanent magnets 24 outside an inner yoke 23 made of magnetic flux conducting material are disposed in an axial alignment, and said stator 35 and said cylinder 7 are disposed in an axial alignment.

Abstract: A variable turbocharger including a turbine housing, a first scroll fluidly communicating with a turbine, a second scroll formed along an outside of the first scroll, wherein the first scroll and the second scroll are disposed within the turbine housing for exhaust gas to exhaust through the turbine, a partitioning unit for selectively separating the first scroll and the second scroll, and a a flux control valve disposed at the exhaust gas inflow portion and selectively coupled to the partitioning unit for blocking the exhaust gas from flowing into the second scroll. The variable turbocharger may prevent turbo lag at a low speed and be highly efficient at a high speed.

Abstract: A system for converting potential energy into heat including a tower configured to contain a fluid and to permit the formation of a substantially nitrogen-free combustion chamber defined by the tower and the surface of the fluid in the tower and at a pressure less than ambient, a first tower outlet in fluid communication with a first fuel valve configured to regulate a flow of the fluid out of the tower, an oxygen source in fluid communication with an oxygen valve in fluid communication with an oxygen inlet in fluid communication with the tower, a source of combustible fuel including hydrogen in fluid communication with a fuel valve in fluid communication with a fuel inlet in fluid communication with the tower, and an ignition source positioned so that it resides within the combustion chamber and is configured to initiate a reaction between oxygen and fuel.

Abstract: A system includes at least one body, a link for suspending the body for movement with gravity from a first elevation position to a second elevation position, and an electrical energy generator coupled with the body through the link to drive the generator to generate electricity upon movement of the body with gravity from the first to the second elevation position. The at least one body has a mass of at least approximately 100 tonnes; the first and the second elevation positions define a distance therebetween of at least approximately 200 meters; and/or the system further includes an operator configured to operate the link to controllably move the at least one body against gravity from the second to the first elevation position to increase a gravitational potential energy of the at least one body, and to maintain the gravitational potential energy of the at least one body.