Abstract: A material for maintaining hydration in plants, whether potted or in natural soils may include a substrate treated with a binder, securing a layer of hydrating particles thereto. Typical binders may include lignicite, or other naturally occurring materials such as sugars, molasses, corn syrup, gelatin, or the like. A byproduct of wood, lignicite has been found to be very effective. Various materials can serve as a hydrating, particulate coating. Polyacrylamide has been found to serve well and provide relief from the stress of dehydration that normally occurs in plants between waterings.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an improved gasifier reactor design. In particular, the present invention relates to improved design of gasifier reactor faceplates, gasifier reactor walls, gasifier reactor cooling tubes, and gasifier reactor walls with integrated cooling channels. The present invention utilizes aluminum nitride and/or aluminum nitride/metal composite materials which promote many benefits to the present design herein, including improved corrosion and erosion resistively as compared to high alloy metal materials.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided facilitating operation of a steam reformation process as part of a syngas production process. A steam reforming coil is placed inside a refractory lined pressure vessel, thereby allowing the pressure inside the pressure vessel to be controlled in accordance with the pressure in the steam reforming coil. By controlling an external pressure a wider range of materials can be employed to construct system apparatus. Further, a partial pressure operation can be conducted, where the chamber pressure is a ratio of the reforming coil pressure. Furthermore, apparatus can operate in a parasitic manner where, for example, produced syngas can be utilized to heat apparatus components and exhaust gas can power a turbine to compress feed air.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and a system for producing synthetic gas from biomass by high temperature gasification, including: feeding raw material, carbonizing, pulverizing the charcoal, and transporting charcoal powder to the gasification furnace for gasification. Prior to pulverizing, the charcoal is reduced to a normal pressure by a decompression feeding system of charcoal, pulverized into powders, and transported to a supercharging feeding system of charcoal powder by normal pressure transport gas. The pressurized charcoal powder is transported to gasifier. The high-temperature charcoal at an outlet of carbonization furnace is cooled to 60-200° C. by a cooler, and transported into the decompression feeding system to be depressurized. The charcoal powder with pressurized is ejected to gasifier by an ejector, pyrolysis gas produced from carbonization furnace is used as carrier gas, and the ratio of solid to gas in the transportation pipe for charcoal powder is controlled at between 0.03 and 0.

Abstract: Processes and apparatus for treating organic and inorganic materials in a metal bath contained in a high temperature reactor to produce synthesis gas are provided. Two or more feed materials that possess differing syngas generation potentials are mixed in a mixer and fed as a composite feed stream into a gasifier to produce syngas. The feed materials are prepared and analyzed for heat value prior to injection and the composition of materials in and exiting the reactor are monitored. By controlling the feed rate of the mixture into the gasifier as well as the feed rates of one or more of the individual feed materials into the mixer, the syngas is produced at a target production rate, with target energy content (BTU). Based upon the results of the analysis and monitoring, oxygen, steam, and/or other feed materials are also injected into the reactor, to control processing and synthesis gas quality.

Abstract: A process is provided where a waste stream is directed to an evaporator that produces a vapor having volatile compounds. The vapor including the volatile compounds is directed through a vapor scrubber that contacts the volatile compounds with a scratching solution. The scrubbing solution reacts with the gaseous volatile compounds in the vapor such that the volatile compounds pass from a vapor state into the scrubbing solution and form volatile compounds in the liquid scrubbing solution. The scrubbing solution is collected and recycled.

Abstract: A gasifier waste stream from a gasification process is directed to a solids separator. A portion of the suspended solids in the waste stream is removed in the solids separator, producing slag and fly ash and a grey water effluent. The grey water effluent is directed to one or more ceramic membranes which remove at least portions of the remaining suspended solids in the grey water. Permeate from the ceramic membrane is directed to an evaporator located downstream from the ceramic membrane for further concentration. Placing the ceramic membrane upstream from the evaporator reduces fouling and plugging in the evaporator that would otherwise occur due to the suspended solids in the grey water.

Abstract: Gas generation apparatus and methods are provided, including apparatus and methods for efficient vaporization, and optional burning, of meltable fuels. The apparatus and methods provide controlled generation and combustion of any low melting point dimensionally stable combustible meltable fuel. This is preferably accomplished by first converting the solid or semi solid meltable fuel material into a liquid state, then into vapor, and finally mixing with an air source or other oxidizer before combustion.

Abstract: A rectangular one-piece garage door has rigid horizontal upper and lower rails and rigid vertical first and second side rails. A small door is mounted in the garage door. A track assembly has horizontal first and second upper tracks. The track assembly has vertical first and second lower tracks. An arcuate first intermediate track couples the first upper track and the first lower track. An arcuate second intermediate track couples the second upper track and the second lower track. First and second upper hinged brackets are secured to the garage door adjacent to the upper rail. First and second lower brackets are secured to the garage door adjacent to the lower rail. Rollers are each coupled to one of the brackets and rotatably received within one of the tracks for guiding the movement of the garage door between a closed lower orientation and an open raised orientation.

Abstract: A vehicle emergency egress assembly, including a vehicle door with an opening cut out or otherwise provided, to serve as an egress portal in case of emergency when the vehicle door is difficult to open using the ordinary latching and unlatching mechanism provided for routine entrance and exit from the vehicle. The opening is cut (or otherwise provided) where a transparent armor window would ordinarily be provided, but additional portions of the door are cut out as needed to allow for egress through the opening by a vehicle occupant. A windowed plug is then provided, for releasably plugging the opening. Finally, an interiorly accessible release mechanism is provided, including one or more handles for releasing the plug from the opening. The plug includes a body portion in addition to a window portion.

Abstract: A system to open a shipping bin slide-gate may include an opener, a pivot point towards one end of the opener, and a handle towards the other end of the opener. The system may also include a puller, a connector towards one end of the puller, and a joiner towards the other end of the puller that connects to the opener. The system may further include an attacher that engages a shipping container and the pivot point, and the attacher transmits a force applied at the handle to the connector to open the slide-gate carried by the shipping container.

Abstract: A packaged gate system includes a gate and a box having an interior space in which the gate is positioned. The box has front and rear major surfaces, a bottom surface, a top surface and a side surface that defines an edge of the box. An opening is defined in an uppermost portion of the side surface, a portion of the top surface and a portion of at least one of the front and rear major surfaces. A transparent insert is positioned in the opening and is secured to at least one of the box and a portion of the gate, The portion of the gate, which may include a connector assembly, will be visible to a consumer when the packaged gate system is stacked edgewise together with like packaged gate systems on the bottom surface with the side surface facing the consumer. The insert may also be configured to define a gripping handle that a consumer may use to pull the packaged gate system outwardly in order to extract it from the stack.

Abstract: A door latch system for a heating system is provided. The door latch system may be installed with a fireplace, wood stove, pellet stove, or other suitable system. The door latch system comprises a handle, a handle head and a catch. The handle head may be configured to engage the catch. Moreover, the catch may be configured with a self adjusting tension system, such that when the handle head engages the catch, the catch is configured to exert a tension force on the handle head. This tension force also causes the handle head to compress the seal of a fireplace door where the door latch system is installed.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of applying particles to a coated backing. A first layer of particles is created over a second layer of particles on a support surface and the first layer of particles is different in at least one property from the second layer of particles. A coated backing is positioned above the first and second layer of particles. An electrostatic field is applied simultaneously to the first and second layer of particles such that the first layer of particles closer to the coated backing are preferentially attracted to the coated backing first before the second layer of particles.

Abstract: An abrasive element comprises a body of crystalline abrasive material. The body has an array of cutting elements formed of crystalline abrasive material which projects from a surface of the body. The shape, size and form of the projections is controlled in the production process. The body may be a natural or synthetic crystal. The body may be a film formed by deposition. The body may be diamond or cubic boron nitride. The body may be monocrystalline or polycrystalline. The projections may be aligned along a crystallographic plane or planes.

Abstract: A portable container is provided which comprises a passing room(s) allowing entry into a second area into a first area, the passing room having at least two openings with a walkway in-between. Barrier device(s) can be located in the walkway but not connected to the first or second opening. A control room(s) can also be provided, the control room being connected to the passing room(s).

Abstract: An inflatable, noise attenuating panel or barrier, comprised of an inflatable air chamber coated with (wrapped in or attached thereto) an acoustic barrier material, with which to construct a variety of structures that benefit from a degree of soundproofing.

Abstract: A tradeshow booth is constructed of portions including structural members [10, 28, 44, 56, 56a, 72, 103]. Each of these portions are constructed of laminated cardboard or other similar easily recyclable material, Vertical L-shaped beam members [74] connect upper and lower structural members together to form portions of a tradeshow booth. The individual portions are in turn connected together using U-shaped connectors [68], and which may be locked in place by gussets [62]. A decorative or advertising display covering [90] covers the assembled portions. Significantly, the entire tradeshow booth is extremely lightweight and strong, and may be assembled entirely by hand without using tools of any kind.

Abstract: A self-supporting modular panel for dividing spaces and/or supporting furniture elements includes a support structure including a cross-beam and an upright fastened to the cross-beam. The support structure has a plurality of horizontal notches. A first plurality of cover sheets are fastened to the cross-beam so as to provide a rest base, and define a housing volume arranged within the rest base. A second plurality of cover sheets are fastened to the upright of the modular support structure so as to provide a wall having plurality of horizontal grooves which provide a passageway for a bracket mount which can be geometrically coupled to a shaped profile that is accommodated within one of the horizontal notches of the support structure. The rest base, with the housing volume, defines a wiring recess suitable to accommodate a plurality of wires.

Abstract: Apparatus manually configurable from a portable unit configuration into an assembled configuration provides a rigid shelter including a solar powered electricity supply circuit. The rigid shelter including the solar powered electrical supply circuit is manually configurable into reusable disassembled parts. Wall elements are releasably connectable between a base element and a roof element. Corner elements are used to define a unit. A plurality of units may be arranged as a single storey shelter or as a multi-storey shelter. External shelter elements have solar energy collector cells that may form part of an external element. A shipping container arrangement includes a plurality of stacked portable unit configurations.

Abstract: Various methods and apparatus are disclosed that relate to an abatement system. Some methods and apparatus relate to one or more aspects of a field erectable abatement system. The field erectable abatement system may include a plurality of prefabricated skeleton segments that may be transported to a location and field erected at the location. One or more skin segments may also optionally be provided and optionally be coupled to the skeleton segments prior to being transported to the location.

Abstract: A multi-floor building construction system and method for progressively constructing floors on the building, as the occupational need to do so arises and while some floors can be occupied, is described. A permanent roof structure is displaceably supported over at least an occupational first floor space constructed on the foundation. Extensible load support elements are secured in the roof structure and adapted to rest upon the load-bearing means to support a total load of the permanent roof structure. The extensible load support means are operated in synchronization. Extensible occupants elevators service the occupational floor space. A wall enclosure is secured inside and about the permanent roof structure.

Abstract: To provide a seismic isolation apparatus which, as well as widening an applicable shaking range, can be easily configured and is low in height, a seismic isolation apparatus is configured of a low friction combination formed by a point contact between a planar hard base plate, which has a surface on which are disposed at least three convexly curved projections of a uniform height, and a glide plate which is a smooth, hard, flat plate.

Abstract: A tile system, comprising: —a mounting unit, e.g. a rail fixed to a wall; —a tile unit, e.g. a frame holding a decorative tile; —a tile unit-fastening device configured to fasten the tile unit to the mounting unit, e.g. a pin engaging recesses formed on the mounting and the tile unit, the tile unit-fastening device preferably comprising a repositioning mechanism configured to allow the tile unit to move in one or two directions parallel to the wall after the tile unit is fastened to the mounting unit, e.g. the pin having ribs on its outer surface and the recesses being elongated and having cooperating ribs on their elongated inner faces.

Abstract: A container wall for storing and fermenting materials, comprising a clamping channel, having an undercut near the upper edge that is open for clampingly receiving a rim of at least one plastic foil that covers the container at the top, the clamping channel comprises a narrowed lateral insertion slot with an upper and a lower protrusion, to which the foil can be wrapped around. A lower wall of the clamping channel is wider than the thickness of the clamping rail at the facing longitudinal edge which is formed as a flat profile, the upper wall of the clamping channel is at least twice as wide as the thickness of the clamping rail. The insertion profile can be inserted into the clamping channel through the entry. When the foil that is wrapped around the insertion profile is under tension, the insertion profile is retained in the clamping channel by the protrusions.

Abstract: The present invention aims to provide an antenna tower structure comprising an essentially vertical elongated tower body with an internal installation shaft provided therein. One or more radio base stations are arranged in the installation shaft in the vicinity of one or more associated antennas at the top of the tower body. The installation shaft is formed to allow personnel access to the radio base station. The tower body is comprised of a metal-reinforced concrete material, and the mass ratio between the tower body and the radio base station equipment together with the antenna arrangement exceeds 15:1. The tower body is formed so that the mass center of the tower body and radio base station equipment is lower than ½ of the tower body height.

Abstract: A building roof having at least one inclined pitch bearing a plurality of linear rows of mutually parallel curved tiles, a plurality of strip-shaped solar modules arranged between said rows of curved tiles, and a plurality of fretted sheet-metal panels, each of which has a plurality of longitudinal ribbings configured for engagement of said solar modules, wherein each of said solar modules is fixed by means of fasteners between a pair of adjacent ribbings and wherein said rows of curved tiles are arranged along the line of maximum slope of the roof pitch between pairs of ribbings to which said solar modules are fixed.

Abstract: This invention relates generally to a staircase that can roll to an upright position when not in use and considers safety standards. More particularly, the invention is directed to a staircase that can be used where space is limited as the staircase's footprint can be minimized when not in use.

Abstract: Some embodiments provide a fenestration apparatus including at least one glazing pane capable of being installed in an opening of a building envelope and a tessellated structure disposed adjacent to the at least one glazing pane. The tessellated structure can include at least one partition having a first face and a second face. The at least one partition can define a plurality of spatially separated cells within a substantially contiguous region of the opening. Each of the plurality of spatially separated cells can have a cell width and a cell depth. Each of the plurality of spatially separated cells can be at least partially surrounded by the first face of the at least one partition, the second face of the at least one partition, or a combination of the first face and the second face of the at least one partition.

Abstract: A fenestration product such as a skylight or a window assembly is provided having a frame with a peripheral wall with a light transmitting central region and a plastic dome formed of a light transmitting material mounted to the frame. The plastic dome has a central region which transmits light, a downwardly extending peripheral wall extending about and mounted to the peripheral frame, and an outwardly extending flashing flange for mounting the assembly to a building structure. Various embodiments of the part illustrated include a skylight assembly having a frame formed of a plastic layer formed into an inverted ‘U’ shape cross-section forming an annular channel filled with insulating foam. A sealed, vertically mounted window unit is also disclosed. Other embodiments have an insulating layer of transparent plastic material spaced from the dome forming an enclosed, gas filled insulating region. Methods of forming and installing a fenestration assembly are also described.

Abstract: A door jamb which is flush with the wallboard. Also a door jamb which provides a pocket into which wallboard fits. The preferred embodiment of this invention comprises a central web having a first surface a second surface, a first side and a second side, with a first right triangular section at the first side and a second right triangular section at the second side. The adjacent leg of the first right triangular section is in line with the second surface and the opposite leg of the first right triangular section projects away from the first surface. Further the adjacent leg of the second right triangular section is in line with the first surface and the opposite leg of the second right triangular section projects away from the second surface.

Abstract: Systems, components, and methods for attaching insulating foam panels to a wall provide additional insulation by virtue of the low thermal conductivity of the foam material of which the panels are made. Structural elements disposed within the panels provide attachment features used for fixing the panels to the wall, and also provide a structural mounting for finishing materials that may be placed on the wall. A clip attaches to the attachment features and is then affixed to the wall. One or more shims may be attached to the clip for accommodating irregularities in the wall. The shims also may be used in a variety of additional applications where accommodation for irregularities in spacing is desired.

Abstract: A drywall finishing system for finishing 1) normal inside and outside corners of any angle, 2) stub wall or closet corners, 3) window wrap corners, and 4) L-metal for window sills and areas where drywall ends against some other surface like brick. The finishing system comprises a preformed trim piece comprising a semi-rigid member that is relatively thick in the center and tapers laterally to a thin edge. A layer of paper is bonded to the inside surface of the semi-rigid member for receiving joint compound to continuously bond the trim piece to the dry wall; this paper layer can optionally have a layer of adhesive material on its outer surface. A layer of finishing material is bonded to the exterior surface of the semi-rigid member.

Abstract: A process for installing quoins to a building structure includes fabricating a plurality of quoins, each including two quoin panels angularly disposed relative to each other and connected along a common edge. A true edge column is attached to the building structure, the true edge column including two column panels angularly disposed relative to each other along a common column edge. The plurality of quoins are then attached in stacked relation over and to the true edge column. Each of the quoins may include an outer and an inner surface, wherein the inner surface comprises a right-angled recess adjacent to the common edge and along the two quoin panels. The true edge column may be cooperatively sized to fit within the right-angled recess. A plurality of pre-drilled apertures may be disposed about the right-angle recess for fastening the quoins to the true edge column and building structure.

Abstract: A modular fitted flooring system includes a plurality of bearing plates (2) and a plurality of panel elements (3) designed to be hooked onto the bearing plates (2), the bearing plates including a plurality of supporting elements (7), a panel hooking element (13), and elements (14) for bearing the load of the panel elements, and being complete with jointing elements (20, 21) for connecting one bearing plate (2) to the next, the panel hooking element (13) consisting of a plurality of teeth designed to engage in grooves (17) provided on at least two edges of the panel element (3), the teeth (13) being arranged on the plate so as to create a gap between one panel element and the next in a direction (Y) crosswise to the direction of installation (X) of the panel elements.

Abstract: An insulative metallic channel for supporting a construction assembly and resisting heat transfer includes an elongated web and at least one flange. The flange includes two ridges along the length of the flange and an inwardly-bent portion of the flange between the two ridges. The inwardly-bent portion extends between the two ridges approximately the entire width of the flange. An insulative material substantially fills the inwardly-bent portion of the flange.

Abstract: Modular block structures and assemblies thereof for building wall facades comprise a plurality of interconnected preformed blocks with spacers allowing the user to position the modular block structures in even rows and columns. The modular block structures include panels with block forms on their front faces. The top and bottom edges of lower and upper panels in an assembly are complementarily configured to be mated. The lateral sides of adjacent panels of an assembly are complementarily configured to be mated. The modular block structures also include offset ends or lateral sides.

Abstract: A support system securable between pairs of metal bar joists or beams includes one or more end brackets secured to the top of a first bar joist at one end, and another corresponding number of end brackets secured to the top of a second bar joist opposite the first two end brackets. One or more elongate bars span the distance separating the bar joists. Each elongate bar is secured to one of the end brackets secured to the first bar joist at a first end, and to the respective, aligned end bracket secured to the second bar joist at a second end. Cross members, each defined by a pair T-shaped bracket assemblies having cross bars secured thereto, are secured between the elongate bars.

Abstract: A roofing material fastener comprises a shank having a length dimension and a point. The shank is adapted to enable it to be driven through at least a first course of roofing material and into a roof deck. A fastener head is positioned in a region of the shank distal from the point. A spike protrusion projects from the distal region of the shank to a terminus. The length of the spike protrusion is less than one half the length of the shank, measured from the point to the fastener head. The spike protrusion is adapted to penetrate a depth less than the full depth of a second course of roofing material installed above the first course. The spike protrusion is shaped to inhibit sawing through the second course of roofing material by the spike protrusion.

Abstract: A method for self dispatching services of tradesmen or other service providers. The invention allows consumers to order services in a real time environment. The present invention allows consumers to find contractors that are available for hire during the customer search in real time atmosphere. The invention allows contractors to join the queue whenever they are available for hire. Contractors will increase productivity by using an online queue that takes advantage of time loss due to missed appointments and gaps in work schedule. By simply joining the queue they will be in a real time on demand service queue with other locals waiting for employment from customers. Customers will increase productivity by using the online queue because now services will be available at time of search removing the need for future scheduling and series of other common delays that cost the customers time.

Abstract: A wooden lattice girder 1 for construction comprises an upper chord 4 and a lower chord 5, connected to each other by struts 2, having tenons 7 at each ends thereof, wherein the tenons 7 at one end of the struts 2 are glued into mortises 9 on the upper chord 4, running in the longitudinal direction of the upper chord 4, and the tenons 7 at the other end of the struts 2 are glued into mortises 9 on the lower chord 5, running in the longitudinal direction of the lower chord 5. The lateral surfaces 12 of a respective mortise 9 running in the longitudinal direction thereof encompass an acute angle and the surfaces 10 of the tenon 7 glued to said lateral surfaces 12 of said mortise 9 encompass a corresponding acute angle. The mortises 9 are fashioned in the chords 4, 5 using a circular saw and accordingly define rectangular openings in the chords 4, 5 having square corners.

Abstract: Mid-size balers and methods for compressing material into bales are disclosed. An exemplary baler (10) comprises a cylindrical baling chamber (24) configured to receive the material. The baling chamber is formed by a pair of circular, disk-shaped end plates (26) limiting opposite end faces of the baling chamber. The baling chamber is further formed by an axial motion actuator operatively associated with at least one of the end plates. The axial motion actuator including at least one piston providing an axial force to position the at least one of the end plates and react to forces of the bales (215) against the at least one of the end plates during operation. The baling chamber is further formed by a driven endless belt (12) guided by a plurality of rollers (20, 30, 32, 34, 42). The endless belt extends around the outer, circular perimeter of the end plates, forming a cylindrical periphery of the baling chamber.

Abstract: A container treatment plant, with a discontinuously working container treatment machine and having a feed conveyor and/or a discharge conveyor each for individual containers, and in the feed conveyor and/or the discharge conveyor, at least two continuously driven, circulating conveyor means supplying each other with individual containers, and where the conveyor means being closer to the discontinuously working container treatment machine in the conveying direction exhibits a closer conveying pitch than the conveying pitch of the conveyor means which is further away. In this manner, a container acceptance and/or transfer interruption caused by the respective cycle standstill of the discontinuously working container treatment machine is compensated by the conveying pitch difference to be able to continuously supply individual containers for the discontinuously working machine or continuously discharge them from the discontinuously working container treatment machine.

Abstract: A method of shipping at least one child-resistant medicate container via a carrier includes providing or obtaining at least one child-resistant medicate container including a front sidewall, and an opposing rear sidewall, a right sidewall, an opposing left sidewall, and at least one locking mechanism. The method also includes creating or obtaining a flat-rate shipping package from a carrier, inserting the at least one child-resistant medicate container into the package, and closing the package to enclose the at least one child-resistant medicate container within the package so that the package is generally flat and acceptable by the carrier for a flat-rate shipping. The method also includes causing the closed package to be shipped or transported by the carrier at a flat-rate.

Abstract: A machine for sealing vacuum packs, include a pump for aspirating air from inside a pack; an electric motor, the electric motor is powered by an electricity grid supply; at least a welding element that is placed in contact with the pack, for welding and sealing the pack; a supply circuit configured to connect the welding element to the electricity grid supply; a control unit that controls the supply circuit to supply energy to the welding element; and a measuring device for measuring a value of a parameter indicating the electrical energy supplied to the welding element. The measuring device is connected to the control unit, which is configured to determine the value of electrical energy supplied to the welding element from the start of the welding, and interrupts supply of the electrical energy to the welding element on reaching a predetermined value of the electrical energy.

Abstract: A method for providing low count packages of absorbent articles in a high speed manufacturing process in which a plurality of absorbent articles are conveyed in series to the infeed of a continuously rotating stacker. The articles are sequentially inserted into cassettes disposed on the stacker such that a plurality of absorbent article containing cassettes is provided. The articles are extracted from the continuously rotating stacker by an angled extractor and packaged into low count packages.

Abstract: In a method and apparatus for producing a small pouch with a predetermined amount of particulate material therein, a predetermined amount of the particulate material is portioned from a bulk supply and compacted into a single discrete caplet. The caplet is then deposited into an open hollow pouch closed at one end thereof, and the open end is then closed with the caplet between the closed ends of the pouch. The caplet in the pouch is then compressed to return it to its particulate form. The particulate material may be granular or shredded tobacco.

Abstract: For the reliable production of stacks 100 of medicament pockets 4, 4?, 4? containing medicament wafers 2 and having a marking 3 on a marking border 17 in one of a number of marking portions 18 arranged next to one another, the following process is carried out: stacking the medicament pockets 4, 4?, 4? one on top of the other to form at least one stack 100 of medicament pockets, so that in the at least one stack there are following one another medicament pockets 4, 4?, 4? of which the markings 3 are located in marking portions 18 following one another, and, if appropriate, a medicament pocket 4, 4?, 4? with a marking 3 located at a first end of the marking border 17 follows a medicament pocket 4, 4?, 4? with a marking 3 located at a second end of the marking border 17.

Abstract: A tube capper and decapper and method of using the same. The tube capper includes a handheld housing that supports a one-dimensional array of spindles. Each spindle is shaped to receive a cap. A drive mechanism rotates each spindle of the one-dimensional array in unison for capping or decapping a corresponding one-dimensional array of tubes.

Abstract: A dispensing device comprising at least one pair of indicia on separate structures which are rotatable with respect to one another, wherein the indicia have corresponding shapes such that alignment or unalignment of the corresponding shapes puts the device in a locked or unlocked position.