Abstract: A hydraulic pressure control apparatus may include an oil tank, a first hydraulic pump receiving oil from the oil tank generating a low pressure, a second hydraulic pump receiving the low pressure and generating a high pressure, a torque converter and a lubrication portion receiving the low pressure, a powertrain receiving the high pressure, a pump connecting line connecting the first hydraulic pump with the second hydraulic pump, a first bypass line adapted to supply hydraulic pressure from the oil tank to the second hydraulic pump by detouring around the first hydraulic pump, and a second bypass line bifurcated from the pump connecting line so as to supply hydraulic pressure to the powertrain by detouring around the second hydraulic pump, wherein the first bypass line and the second bypass line respectively include a check valve and are selectively opened/closed by operation of each check valve.

Abstract: The invention relates to a drive system for a vehicle, comprising an internal combustion that releases mechanical and thermal energy and a device for converting the thermal energy, wherein the device is designed to directly convert thermal energy into electrical energy and to transfer thermal energy to a working medium intended to act on an expansion apparatus.

Abstract: A cooling system for an exhaust pipe of a vehicle has an engine, an exhaust discharging device connected to the engine, a generator driven by the engine and a cooling guide device. Even when the vehicle is idle, the cooling guide device still guides cool air from the generator to the exhaust discharging device to dissipate heat of the exhaust discharging device. Therefore, the heat of the exhaust discharging device is efficiently dissipated.

Abstract: Systems and methods for solar steam generation are described. The systems and methods include disposing a plug in a closed top outer shell of a solar steam generator, which may define a small annular space between the plug and an interior of a transparent housing disposed atop the outer shell. Raw water is transferred into the outer shell of the solar steam generator, up into the small annular space between the plug and the interior of the transparent housing. Concentrated solar energy is directed at the transparent housing to boil raw water in the small annular space. Stray concentrated solar energy may be focused at the transparent housing to aid in boiling raw water in the small annular space. Steam rising from the small annular space is directed through a cavity extending from a top of the plug, downward through a steam outlet pipe, out of the solar steam generator.

Abstract: A solar power plant includes a first solar reflective system configured to heat a first heat transfer fluid to a temperature within a first temperature range and at least a second solar reflective system coupled to the first solar reflective system, the second solar reflective system having a second heat transfer fluid configured to be heated to a temperature within the first temperature range by the first heat transfer fluid, the second solar reflective system configured to heat the second heat transfer fluid to a temperature within a second temperature range. The solar power plant may also include a power generation system coupled to the first solar reflective system and the second solar reflective system and configured to generate electricity by receiving heat from the first heat transfer fluid and the second heat transfer fluid.

Abstract: A power generation device includes an enclosed circuit through which a working medium circulates. The working medium is heated at a first location in the enclosed circuit, and cooled at a second location. The differential heating and cooling causes the working medium to circulate within the enclosed circuit. The circulating medium is used to drive a turbine, which in turn may drive an electric generator.

Abstract: A fossil fuel fired power plant for the generation of electrical energy comprises a water steam cycle and a plant (10) for the capture of CO2 from exhaust gases emitted by the power plant and a steam jet ejector (24) configured and arranged to receive an input steam flow from a low- or intermediate pressure extraction point in the power plant and to increase its pressure. It is further arranged to receive motive steam (25) from a further extraction point in the power plant. A steam line (27, 22) directs the steam of increased pressure from the steam jet ejector (24) to the CO2 capture plant (10). The power plant according to this invention allows the use of low-pressure steam for the operation of the CO2 capture plant, where the extraction of such steam affects the overall efficiency of the power plant to a lesser degree than in power plant of the state of the art.

Abstract: A system and process for generation of electrical power is provided. Electrical power is generated by a system including two integrated power cycles, a first power cycle utilizing water/steam as a working fluid and the second power cycle utilizing a fluid selected from the group consisting of molecular nitrogen, argon, a chemical compound having a boiling point of at most 65° C. at 0.101 MPa and a latent heat of vaporization of at least 350 kJ/kg, and a chemical compound having a boiling point of at most 65° C. at 0.101 MPa and a specific heat capacity as a liquid of at least 1.9 kJ/kg-° K as a working fluid. The working fluid of the second power cycle is expanded through a two-phase expander to produce power in the second power cycle, where the expanded working fluid of the second cycle has a temperature of at most 10° C.

Abstract: One embodiment of an improved thermal power cycle comprising a wet binary motive fluid, pump (21), evaporator (22), expander (23), and condenser (24). Using a binary motive fluid, it can operate efficiently over a lower range of heat source temperatures than the steam Rankine cycle. Using a wet binary motive fluid, it eliminates the need for superheating the fluid in evaporator (22), allows for complete expansion of the fluid in expander (23), and reduces back-pressure by the fluid on expander (23), thereby providing higher efficiency than the ORC (organic Rankine cycle), Eliminating the regenerator that is used by ORC systems results in a simpler, less costly system. Using direct-contact heat exchange in condenser (24) rather than the indirect-contact heat exchange used by ORC systems results in more efficient condensation of the fluid. Using a pump (21) rather than the power-hungry compressor used by ORC systems further reduces power losses and expenses.

Abstract: A fuel-air premixer for use in a combustor of a gas turbine includes an air inlet, a fuel inlet, a shroud, a central body and a cascade of vanes. The premixer mixes fuel and air in the annular mixing passage into a uniform mixture for injecting into a combustor reaction zone. The air from a compressor is injected into the mixer through an air inlet. The fuel is introduced into air stream via fuel injection holes that pass through the walls of the vanes which contain internal fuel flow passages. The flow field inside the premixer is broken up by the arrayed vanes into a series of small regions each containing a well designed small size mixing eddy which is steadily attached to the surface of the vanes.

Abstract: An emissions control system for a gas turbine engine including a flow-directing structure (24) that delivers combustion gases (22) from a burner (32) to a turbine. The emissions control system includes: a conduit (48) configured to establish fluid communication between compressed air (22) and the combustion gases within the flow-directing structure (24). The compressed air (22) is disposed at a location upstream of a combustor head-end and exhibits an intermediate static pressure less than a static pressure of the combustion gases within the combustor (14). During operation of the gas turbine engine a pressure difference between the intermediate static pressure and a static pressure of the combustion gases within the flow-directing structure (24) is effective to generate a fluid flow through the conduit (48).

Abstract: A turbomachine includes a combustion chamber, and at least one pre-mixer mounted to the combustion chamber. The at least one pre-mixer includes a main body having a first end portion that extends to a second end portion. The first end portion is configured to receive an amount of fuel and an amount of air and the second end portion defines an exit plane from which a fuel-air mixture discharges into the combustion chamber. The turbomachine also includes a combustion dynamics reduction system operatively coupled to the at least one pre-mixer. The combustion dynamics reduction system includes at least one of a boundary layer perturbation mechanism and an acoustic wave introduction system which disrupt a flow pattern of the fuel-air mixture within the at least one pre-mixer.

Abstract: Systems and methods for changing a speed ratio between a compressor boost stage (12) and at least one power turbine (16) of a gas turbine engine (10) are described. Such a system may comprise a coupling device (20) configured to selectively transmit energy from the at least one power turbine (16) to the boost stage (12) according to at least a first speed ratio and a second speed ratio. The system may also comprise an auxiliary power device (22, 26) configured to cause a rotational speed of the boost stage (12) to change from a first speed corresponding substantially to the first speed ratio to a second speed corresponding substantially to the second speed ratio when the boost stage (12) is decoupled from the at least one power turbine (16).

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of detecting shaft break in a shaft system comprising a shaft coupled between two masses. The method comprises a number of steps. Firstly, to define a time-dependent rotational speed equation for the shaft in terms of system inertia for an engine transient event. Then to discretize the rotational speed equation in terms of a discrete time constant in the discrete domain. Then to recursively define the discretized equation to give a recursive equation and to solve the recursive equation to determine the discrete time constant. Then to define a threshold as a function of engine power and then to set a shaft break signal to TRUE if the discrete time constant is greater than the threshold. A shaft break detection system is also provided by the present invention.

Abstract: The combined cooling system uses a single heat exchanger to cool both engine air for use in an engine system and aircraft air for use in an aircraft system. More particularly, a bleed air path leads from the compressor stage to the heat exchanger where it is placed in thermal exchange contact with a flow of cooling air coming from a cooling path. From an outlet end of the heat exchanger, the bleed air splits into two paths: an aircraft air path leading to at least one aircraft system such as an Environmental control system (ECS), a wind de-icing system or the like, and an engine air path leading to at least one engine system such as a buffer air system for pressurizing the bearing cavities.

Abstract: The invention relates to a power plant line, comprising a steam turbine and/or gas turbine that rotates at a constant speed in order to drive an electric generator; a variable-speed pump for conveying and/or compressing a working medium in order to drive and/or supply the process of the steam turbine and/or the gas turbine or to pump and/or compress an exhaust gas produced in the process supply or in the gas turbine.

Abstract: Devices and methods for supporting an accessory (32) in a gas turbine engine (10) are disclosed. The accessory (32) may have an interface (36) for coupling to a shaft (24) of the gas turbine engine (10). The device may comprise a first support (38) configured to support a first portion (34) of the accessory (32) proximal the interface (36) and a second support (40) configured to support a second portion (35) of the accessory (32) distal from the interface (36). The second support (40) may be configured to provide a lower resistance to relative displacement between the accessory (32) and structure (42) of the engine (10) than does the first support (34).

Abstract: System and methods for hydrogen assisted oxy-fuel combustion are provided. The system includes a combustor, an air separation unit, a fuel stream source, and a condenser. The combustor includes an oxygen input port, a fuel stream input port, a carbon dioxide input port, and an exhaust output port. The air separation unit is in fluid communication with the combustor via the oxygen input port of the combustor. The fuel stream source is in fluid communication with the combustor via the fuel stream input port and includes a fuel source and a hydrogen source. The condenser is disposed to receive an exhaust from the combustor via the exhaust output port and to return an output stream to the combustor via the carbon dioxide input port. The method includes combusting a fuel stream in a combustor in the presence of an oxidizer to generate an exhaust gas.

Abstract: Arrangements for the use of energy harvested by adaptive cooling and energy harvesting arrangements for use in information technology and other heat-producing equipment are disclosed. The arrangements provide for cooling and energy harvesting subsystems, each of which can operate in isolation and can be interconnected with additional subsystems in peer and hierarchical relationships. Each subsystem comprises at least one thermoelectric device capable of acting as a thermoelectric cooler and as a thermoelectric generator, a control system, and electronics controlled to selectively configure the thermoelectric device in at least in a thermoelectric cooler operating mode and in a thermoelectric generation operating mode. The thermoelectric device can incorporate quantum-process and quantum-well materials for higher heat transfer and thermoelectric generation efficiencies.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is hot/cold test equipment for a Nand Flash Memory. The test equipment includes a mounting unit that contains the Nand Flash Memory together with a socket to test whether the memory is defective or not, a chamber provided above the mounting unit and moving up and down to come into contact with the socket and thereby provide a target temperature, and a temperature display displaying the target temperature. The chamber includes a block inserted into the socket, a thermoelectric element seated on an upper portion of the block, a water jacket seated on an upper portion of the thermoelectric element and circulating cooling water therein, and a cooling fan provided in the water jacket to blow air downwards, with a discharge hole being formed on a lower surface of the block to discharge nitrogen gas.

Abstract: A self-cooling and self dispensing beverage container in the form of a keg which includes a heat exchange unit having a plurality of segments of compressed carbon disposed therein. A valve is secured to a tube attached to the REU housing for carbon dioxide to adsorbed and then desorbed by the carbon for cooling the beverage. A dispense gas canister is disposed within the container to automatically release carbon dioxide to maintain a pressure head within the container sufficient to assure dispensing of the beverage.

Abstract: The invention proposes a reliable high-performance cryorefrigeration device, the level of thermal oscillations of which may be minimized so as to be below a threshold value. For this purpose, the subject of the invention is a cryorefrigeration device comprising N periodically operating cryorefrigerators (100), N being an integer equal to or greater than 2, each cryorefrigerator being provided with a cold end coupled to a common cold end (300), the cryorefrigerators being linked to a control device provided with a phase-shift means capable of making the cryorefrigerators operate in phase-shifted relationship one with respect to another.

Abstract: For cooled processing of a sample, a system for cooling the sample includes a holding device (22) for receiving the sample in a sample holder (20), as well as a cooling chamber (12) that surrounds the position (P) of the sample mounted on the holding device. Provided in the cooling chamber (12) is a window through which a tool receptacle (16) for receiving a tool (W) for processing the sample projects into the cooling chamber (12). The holding device (22) is coolable to a settable temperature by means of a fluid coolant, and ensures cooling of the sample. For this, a coolant, e.g. liquid nitrogen, flows through a coolant conduit of the holding device (22), which conduit is furnished with the coolant at the input end (31) and opens at the output end (41) into the cooling chamber (12), which in this fashion is filled with coolant gas.

Abstract: A refrigerator includes a secondary cooling path for circulating liquid coolant through the refrigerator wherein the liquid coolant is cooled by the freezer compartment and wherein the liquid coolant cools the ice maker and the ice bin as the liquid coolant circulates through the secondary cooling path. A pump is positioned along the secondary cooling path for pumping the liquid coolant through the secondary cooling path. A tube having a first end proximate the pump and an opposite end exposed to atmosphere may control suction pressure associated with the pump. The refrigerator reduces frost build up through configuration of the secondary cooling path or performing ice harvesting operations which melt frost. The secondary cooling path may be used to provide for circulating hot liquid. The secondary cooling path may be used to provide for circulating liquid coolant during a power outage.

Abstract: A renewal method of an air-conditioning unit for vehicle in which an air-conditioning unit using a former refrigerant disposed in a frame mounted on a vehicle is renewed to an air-conditioning unit using an alternative refrigerant, the renewal method including a removal step of: a removing the existing air-conditioning unit from the frame; an assembly step of disposing the new air-conditioning unit, which is configured so as to be capable of fitting in the frame, in the frame; and a filling step of filling the alternative refrigerant into the new air-conditioning unit. The circulating amount of refrigerant in the new air-conditioning unit is increased so as to be larger than that in the previous air-conditioning unit, and the heat exchange capacity per unit volume of each of the indoor heat exchanger and the outdoor heat exchanger is made larger than that before the renewal.

Abstract: An air conditioner and a method of operating an air conditioner are provided. The air conditioner may include at least one indoor device, each having an indoor heat exchanger installed therein; at least one outdoor device connected to the at least one indoor device by a refrigerant flow path, and each having a water-refrigerant heat exchanger that provides heat exchange between a refrigerant and heat source water and an outdoor device controller installed therein; a heat source water flow path connected to each water-refrigerant heat exchanger; a pump installed on the heat source water flow path; a variable flow valve installed on the heat source water flow path; a central controller that controls the at least one outdoor device; and a variable flow valve control board that regulates an opening degree of the variable flow valve and a flow rate of heat source water.

Abstract: The invention is directed toward a vapor-liquid heat and/or mass exchange device that can be used in an integrated heat and/or mass transfer system. To achieve high heat and mass transfer rates, optimal temperature profiles, size reduction and performance increases, appropriately sized flow passages with microscale features, and countercurrent flow configurations between working fluid solution, vapor stream, and/or the coupling fluid in one or more functional sections of the desorber are implemented. In one exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a desorber section utilizes a heating fluid flowing in a generally upward direction and a concentrated solution flowing in a generally downward direction with gravity countercurrent to the rising desorbed vapor stream. To further increase the efficiency of the system, various types of column configurations can be used. Additionally, the surfaces of the microchannels can be altered to better transfer heat.

Abstract: A fluid compressor for compressing fluids and a method for operating the same are provided. The fluid compressor includes a compression chamber with an inlet for the fluid and an outlet for compressed fluid. The fluid compressor further includes a piston disposed within the compression chamber. The fluid compressor includes a driving system that includes piezoelectric actuator configured to cause displacement of the piston in the compression chamber. The driving system further includes an amplifying element that is coupled to the piezoelectric actuator in the direction of the movement of the piston to enhance the displacement of the piston caused by the piezoelectric actuator. One end of the amplifying element is fixed to a base of the fluid compressor and the piezoelectric actuator is disposed between the amplifying element and the piston.

Abstract: An aircraft air provision system includes a power turbine that receives bleed air at a first pressure and provides rotational energy to a shaft and outputs output air at an intermediate pressure. The system also includes a compressor coupled to the shaft that receives input air at a second pressure that is lower than the first pressure and outputs compressed air having a pressure equal to the intermediate pressure and a mix chamber coupled to outputs of both the power turbine and the compressor where the output air and the compressed air are mixed. The system also includes a cooling turbine coupled to the shaft and that is in fluid communication with an output of the mix chamber.

Abstract: A ground source heat pump device and system includes a supply line for removing groundwater from an underground water source, a return line for returning the groundwater to the underground water source, and a heat pump that is able to utilize the supplied groundwater as a medium for transferring thermal energy between the groundwater and a refrigerant. In one embodiment, the heat pump can further include a circulation pump for circulating the groundwater through the system, and a vacuum unit for removing air from the system and filling the supply line, return line, heat exchanger and circulation pump with the groundwater.

Abstract: This discloses apparatuses for cooling individual server racks or electrical enclosures. These devices maintain target enclosure temperatures within plus or minus 1 or 2 degrees F. The devices employ industrial cooling using staged cooling towers to evaporatively reach temperatures below the wet bulb temperature of the ambient air. Methods for using such apparatuses are disclosed as well.

Abstract: An air conditioner includes a body installed at an outdoor space, and an air discharge tube to guide cold air discharged from the body to an indoor space. An evaporator and a condenser are installed in the body. The evaporator is disposed at a higher level than the condenser. Accordingly, it possible to transfer condensed water generated from the evaporator to the condenser by gravity.

Abstract: A refrigerator having a water storage vessel detachably mounted thereto so that water is supplied to an ice making apparatus or a dispenser, in which includes a bracket unit installed at a rear surface of a door, a water storage vessel detachable to the bracket unit, a pump to pump the water in the water storage vessel, a second passage configured to supply the water in the water storage vessel to the ice making apparatus and the dispenser, and a valve installed at a diverging point of the second passage, in which the water storage vessel includes a body having a storage space and a first passage, at least one portion of which is fixedly installed to intake the water stored in the storage space to supply the ice making apparatus and the dispenser if the water storage vessel is mounted to the bracket unit.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure relate generally to cooling fabrics having an array of cooling elements coupled to a base fabric, and in particular to methods and fabrics that utilize an array of cooling elements coupled to a base material to absorb heat while also maintaining desired properties of the base material. In some embodiments, the cooling elements may include a cooling gel or polymer or a phase change material, and the cooling elements may undergo a chemical or physical change when exposed to moisture, thereby absorbing heat.

Abstract: A refrigerator includes a water storage vessel configured to be mounted to the door of the refrigerator, a supply passage configured to connect the storage space of the water storage vessel to an ice making apparatus and dispenser to supply the water in the water storage vessel to the ice making apparatus and the dispenser, a valve installed at an intersection of the supply passage and configured to perform a passage conversion, and a pump configured to pump the water in the water storage vessel so that the water flows to the supply passage, wherein the water storage vessel is provided with a water storage vessel lever capable of changing the position of at least one portion of the supply passage so that the at least one portion of the supply passage is connected to/disconnected from a remaining portion of the supply passage.

Abstract: A refrigerator having a water storage vessel detachably mounted thereto, in which a supply passage configured to connect the water storage vessel, the ice making apparatus and the dispenser to supply the water in the water storage vessel to the ice making apparatus and the dispenser sage, a first check valve and a second check valve installed at a front position and a rear position of the one point of a first sub passage, to prevent water flowing backward to the water storage vessel, a third check valve and a fourth check valve installed at a front position and a rear position of the one point of a second sub passage, to prevent water flowing backward to the water storage vessel, and a pump installed at the third sub passage and configured to rotate the clockwise direction and the counter clockwise direction.

Abstract: There is disclosed a desalinization apparatus, and methods related to desalinization. In an embodiment, a desalinization apparatus includes at least one port for receiving airflow therethrough, at least one port for receiving salt water therethrough, at least one output for providing outflow of pure water vapor, and at least one output for proving outflow of a mixture of water, salt and air; and a plurality of chambers for evaporating the salt water into the airflow, at least one of the chambers forming a plurality of ports arranged in a plurality of rows. In an embodiment, a method includes providing airflow to a desalinization apparatus; providing salt water to the desalinization apparatus; forming a vortex in the airflow to evaporate water vapor from the salt water; and providing the water vapor in the airflow to a condenser so as to obtain pure water.

Abstract: A container data center includes a container and a number of racks containing a number of computer servers. The racks divide the container into a first space and a second space. The container further includes a heat dissipation system including a first portion. The first portion includes a first intake communicating with the first space, an evaporator, and a first outlet communicating with the second space. The evaporator cools the airflow coming from the first space through the first intake, and the first outlet exhaust the cooled airflow to the second space.

Abstract: An inverter device includes a plurality of switching circuits in which first switching elements including Si semiconductors and second switching element including WBG semiconductors having ON resistance smaller than that of the first switching elements and having switching speed higher than that of the first switching elements are connected in parallel. The inverter device includes a converting circuit that converts a direct-current voltage into a desired alternating-current voltage and a driving unit that generates a plurality of driving signals for respectively turning on and off the switching circuits. The inverter device includes, for each of the switching circuits, a gate circuit that, based on the driving signals, turns on the second switching element later than the first switching element and turns off the first switching element later than the second switching element.

Abstract: In a turbo chiller, pipe joint groups (23 to 26) provided to refrigerant cooling pipe systems (13 to 16) and lubricant pipe systems connected to a turbo compressor (2) and a motor (3), as well as a joint group (28) of various replacement components (27) provided to the pipe systems, are intensively placed, and at least one refrigerant detection sensor (32) is arranged below the intensive placement region (30) of the joint groups (23 to 28) and at a pre-identified point at which a slight amount of refrigerant that leaks from each of the joint groups (23 to 28) and flows downward is distributed and pools at a high concentration, whereby the slight amount of refrigerant leakage can be detected by the refrigerant detection sensor (32).

Abstract: The invention describes a negative-pressure tank having a partition, the partition including at least two walls, and the negative-pressure tank including at least two chambers, and a free space being present in the partition in which an ambient pressure prevails. The invention further describes a sorption machine having a negative-pressure tank.

Abstract: An air-conditioning apparatus once transfers energy to a heat medium other than a refrigerant and introduces the heat medium to another refrigeration cycle to achieve safety improvement and high efficiency. An air-conditioning apparatus allows first heat exchangers related to heat medium to exchange heat between a first refrigerant (heat source side refrigerant) and a first heat medium and allows a second heat exchanger related to heat medium to exchange heat between the first heat medium and a second refrigerant (hot water supply side refrigerant), such that the first refrigerant and the second refrigerant are prevented from mixing with each other.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a natural gas liquefaction process using a single refrigeration cycle adopting a mixed refrigerant, and therefore having a simple structure and thus a compact system which is easy to operate, and further, after the mixed refrigerant is separated into two refrigerant parts, the two refrigerant parts are not mixed with each other but go through condensing (cooling), expanding, heat-exchanging, and compressing stages individually, and thus, optimal temperature and pressure conditions are applied to each of the separated refrigerant parts to increase efficiency of the liquefaction process.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for recovering carbon dioxide from a gaseous stream originating from a fermentation process by compression, absorption, condensation and distillation, wherein at least the absorption and condensation is performed under a high pressure of at least 30 bar.

Abstract: In a process for delivering pressurized gas from an apparatus for separating air by cryogenic distillation, a stream of oxygen-rich liquid or gas having a nominal flow rate is withdrawn from a low-pressure column, an oxygen-rich liquid purge stream is withdrawn as bottoms from the low-pressure column and the oxygen-rich liquid purge stream is sent to a storage tank, in the event of a reduction in the production by the column system or an increase in the demand by a customer, a back-up stream is withdrawn from the storage tank and vaporized in a back-up reboiler and only if the liquid level in the storage tank exceeds a given threshold, a liquid stream is withdrawn from the storage tank constituting at most 2% of the nominal production output of the oxygen-rich stream and is sent to the back-up reboiler.

Abstract: A bracelet having a channel groove. The bracelet has an outer side and an inner side. A channel groove is at least partially surrounding a circumference of the outer side. A hair band may fit within the channel groove.

Abstract: A method of improving strength of a chemically-strengthened glass article comprises exposing a target surface of the glass article to an ion-exchange strengthening process, the ion-exchange strengthening process generating a chemically-induced compressive layer in the glass article. Thereafter, dynamic interfacing of the target surface of the glass article with a sheared magnetorheological fluid is performed to remove at least a portion of the chemically-induced compressive layer from the glass article, wherein the parameters of the dynamic interfacing of the glass article with the sheared magnetorheological fluid are such that a thickness of the removed portion of the chemically-induced compressive layer is less than approximately 20% of the chemically-induced compressive layer.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of separating a glass sheet from a moving glass ribbon, wherein the glass ribbon comprises thickened bead portions. The method comprises weakening the bead portions of the ribbon using laser-initiated ablation at the bead portions to overcome the potential for uncontrolled cracking through the bead portion.

Abstract: A method of cooling a glass ribbon formed using a fusion draw process. The method includes forming a glass ribbon using the fusion draw process. The glass ribbon, once formed, passes vertically through a glass transition temperature region. The glass ribbon is directed through a protective plenum at least partially located in a bottom of the draw region. A gas is directed into the protective plenum and vertically along a broad surface of the glass ribbon. The gas is directed out of the protective plenum through at least one outlet slot formed through a sidewall of the protective plenum at no less than about 100 Nm3/h.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for precision glass roll forming a supply of molten glass at a glass temperature of 1000° C. or higher with a pair of hot forming rolls having a surface temperature of about 500° C. or higher located vertically below the glass feed. The forming rolls thin the supplied stream of molten glass to produce a formed glass ribbon. A pair of cold sizing and texturing rolls maintained at a surface temperature of about 400° C. or lower or 300° C. or lower is located vertically below the forming rolls. The sizing and texturing rolls thin and texture the formed glass ribbon to produce a sized glass ribbon having a desired texture, thickness and thickness uniformity. The sized and textured glass ribbon may have a thickness of 1 mm or less that varies in thickness by no more than +/?0.025 mm.