Abstract: A method of converting lignin to phenolic compounds and dicarboxylates in high yield is described. The method involves the use of peroxy acids to react with lignin at a moderated treatment conditions. The peroxy acids can be used along or in combination of other catalysts that have the capability to lower the molecular weight of lignin. A phenolic compounds yield is achieved (>60%) and these phenolic compounds represents high value precursors for various applications include but not limited to antioxidants, health improvement agents, anticorrosive agents, liquid fuel components and performance enhancing agents, resin and adhesives. Dicarboxylic acids can be used for polymer applications or hydrodeoxygenation to hydrocarbon fuel.

Abstract: The present invention relates to shelf stable and/or less corrosive peroxycarboxylic acid antimicrobial compositions, including ready-to-use compositions. Shelf stable compositions can include defined ratios of hydrogen peroxide to peroxycarboxylic acid and/or hydrogen peroxide to protonated carboxylic acid, but need not include strong acid. Reduced corrosion compositions can include carboxylic acid and corrosion inhibitor at acid pH. Compositions of the invention can have advantageous activity against spores.

Abstract: Compositions and methods for controlling volunteer crop weeds in a crop by applying to weeds a herbicidally effective amount of a synergistic herbicidal composition that includes bromoxynil and a protoporphyrinogen oxidase (PPO) inhibitor are disclosed.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are safened herbicidal compositions comprising (a) a pyridine carboxylic acid herbicide, or an agriculturally acceptable N-oxide, salt or ester thereof, and (b) an azole carboxylate safener, or agriculturally acceptable salt or ester thereof. Also disclosed herein are methods of controlling undesirable vegetation, comprising applying to vegetation or an area adjacent the vegetation or applying in soil or water to control the emergence or growth of vegetation (a) a pyridine carboxylic acid herbicide, or an agriculturally acceptable N-oxide, salt or ester thereof, and (b) an azole carboxylate safener, or agriculturally acceptable salt or ester thereof.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are herbicidal compositions comprising a herbicidally effective amount of (a) a pyridine carboxylic acid herbicide or an agriculturally acceptable N-oxide, salt, or ester thereof, and (b) a photosystem II inhibitor, or an agriculturally acceptable salt or ester thereof. Also disclosed herein are methods of controlling undesirable vegetation which comprise applying to vegetation or an area adjacent the vegetation or applying to soil or water to prevent the emergence or growth of vegetation (a) a pyridine carboxylic acid herbicide or an agriculturally acceptable N-oxide, salt, or ester thereof, and (b) a photosystem II inhibitor, or an agriculturally acceptable salt or ester thereof, wherein (a) and (b) are each added in an amount sufficient to provide a herbicidal effect.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are herbicidal compositions comprising a herbicidally effective amount of (a) a pyridine carboxylic acid herbicide or an agriculturally acceptable N-oxide, salt, or ester thereof, and (b) an acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitor or an agriculturally acceptable salt or ester thereof. Also disclosed herein are methods of controlling undesirable vegetation which comprise applying to vegetation or an area adjacent the vegetation or applying to soil or water to prevent the emergence or growth of vegetation (a) a pyridine carboxylic acid herbicide or an agriculturally acceptable N-oxide, salt, or ester thereof, and (b) an acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitor or an agriculturally acceptable salt or ester thereof, wherein (a) and (b) are each added in an amount sufficient to provide a herbicidal effect.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are herbicidal compositions comprising a herbicidally effective amount of (a) a pyridine carboxylic acid herbicide or an agriculturally acceptable N-oxide, salt or ester thereof, and (b) a synthetic auxin herbicide, an auxin transport inhibitor, agriculturally acceptable salts or esters thereof, or combinations thereof. Also disclosed herein are methods of controlling undesirable vegetation which comprise applying to vegetation or an area adjacent the vegetation or applying to soil or water to prevent the emergence or growth of vegetation (a) a pyridine carboxylic acid herbicide or an agriculturally acceptable N-oxide, salt or ester thereof, and (b) a synthetic auxin herbicide, an auxin transport inhibitor, agriculturally acceptable salts or esters thereof, or combinations thereof, wherein (a) and (b) are each added in an amount sufficient to provide a herbicidal effect.

Abstract: The present invention relates to fungicidal mixtures, comprising at least one fungicidally active strobilurin-type compound I and at least one fungicidally active compound or biopesticide II as defined in the description, and to compositions comprising these mixtures.

Abstract: A fungicidal composition having a synergistic effect is provided. The composition including active ingredients A and B. The active ingredient A is benziothiazolinone, the active ingredient B is one selected from benthiavalicarb-isopropyl, zoxamide, prothioconazole, boscalid, fenamidone, fluopicolide, famoxadone, pyraclostrobin, picoxystrobin or fluazinam, and the weight ratio of the two ingredients is from 1:50 to 50:1. The test results show that the fungicidal composition according to the present invention has an obvious synergistic effect, such that the application rate is reduced and the cost is lowered; and is useful in controlling certain particular fungal diseases on grain crops, vegetables, and fruits with a broadened fungicidal spectrum, a retarded resistance development of the fungi, and an improved control effect.

Abstract: Piperidinecarboxylic acidderivatives of the formula (I) in which the symbols A, L1, L2, G, p, Q, R1, R2, T and Y are each as defined in the description, and salts, metal complexes and N-oxides of the compounds of the formula (I), and the use thereof for controlling phytopathogenic harmful fungi and processes for preparing compounds of the formula (I).

Abstract: New formulations of clomazone are provided, as well as new methods for making formulations of clomazone. The new formulations provide improved efficacy, decreased volatility, and/or increased loading of clomazone over the clomazone formulations in the prior art.

Abstract: Biocidal compositions containing organoselenium compounds are disclosed, as well as methods of producing and using same.

Abstract: This document discloses molecules having the following formulas (“Formula One” &“Formula Two” and “Formula Three”) The Ar1, Het, Ar2, R1, R2, R3, R4, and R5 are further described herein.

Abstract: Building material products, particularly wallboard, are disclosed that are mold resistant. A mold inhibitory composition is contained in one component of the building material product. The mold inhibitory composition comprises a pyrithione in combination with at least one potentiator. The potentiator can comprise a metal chelate, a membrane permeabilizer, or another microorganism weakening agent.

Abstract: The technology provided herein relates to methods of multi-species insect pest control by incorporating an inhibitor against the structural sheath protein (SHP) into the body of an agricultural target pest, and to pest control agents to be used in the method and to transgenic crop, greenhouse and ornamental plants.

Abstract: A composition of alkali carbonate peroxyhydrate in a quantity of 45 to 85% by weight relative to a total amount of the composition and an alkali hydrogen carbonate is provided for combating pathogenic germs and parasites in water of aquaculture, ponds, and aquariums; for destroying thread algae in water; for processing water. The addition of alkali hydrogen carbonate to alkali percarbonate peroxyhydrate stabilizes the alkali percarbonate peroxyhydrates relative to combustible materials. The alkali carbonate peroxyhydrate is preferably Na2CO3 and xH2O2.

Abstract: A composition for the purification of water and the device using the composition, where the composition contains a transition metal ion Mn+ releasing compound along with an CO32? releasing compound or an SiO32? releasing compound.

Abstract: The present invention is silver (I) periodate compounds and their use in preventing or reducing microbial contamination. The invention includes coatings and articles of manufacture having a surface containing an anti-microbial silver (I) compound. Methods of treatment are also disclosed.

Abstract: The invention relates to use of masterbatches containing high concentrations of antimicrobial materials such as copper salts, particularly copper iodide. These masterbatch compositions are added to other materials which are used to form various articles of manufacture with antimicrobial properties. The copper salts may be incorporated in the masterbatches as surface functionalized particles or the salts may be incorporated into porous particles prior to the formation of masterbatches.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for automatically removing dough pieces from overhead dough proffer, weighing the dough pieces and reinserting them back in to the process stream. The weight information is analyzed to determine whether it represents the weight of pieces or the empty scale weight, and may be used to provide a signal proportional to the weight of a dough portion, or group of dough potions in order to automatically adjust the rate at which dough is fed to the dividing mechanism, thereby increasing or decreasing the dough piece weights to maintain the desired amount of dough per piece.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of producing a baked product having reduced crumb elasticity, said method comprising adding a raw starch degrading alpha-amylase, a lipase and a phospholipase to dough ingredients comprising flour, water, and yeast and mixing to prepare a dough; leavening the dough; and baking the dough to obtain the baked product.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods of making sliceable dairy product comprising milk and supplemental whey protein, an edible acid, and sodium chloride and/or sodium hydroxide, and the products obtainable by said methods.

Abstract: A device for generating milk froth, including a pump for conveying milk from a reservoir, an air intake, and at least one pressure booster, with the pressure booster being arranged upstream in reference to the pump and the air intake upstream in reference to the pressure booster. The pressure booster is embodied as a mixing element, which has in the direction of flow a cross-sectional area that the flow passes through that is not reducing, with the cross-sectional area that the flow passes through at the input side being at least equivalent to the cross-section of the connecting pipeline arranged between the pump and the mixing element. A method for generating milk froth as well as the use of a helical mixer for the generation of milk froth are also provided.

Abstract: Provided is an oil and/or fat composition for cooking comprising: an oil and/or fat; and 0.02 to 0.09% by mass of polyglycerin fatty acid esters, wherein the oil and/or fat in the oil and/or fat composition for cooking consists of one of or a combination of two or more of animal or vegetable oil and/or fats, hydrogenated oils and/or fats thereof, oil and/or fat fractions thereof, and transesterified oils and/or fats thereof, 80% by mass or more of glycerides of the oil and/or fat are triglycerides, the polyglycerin fatty acid esters have an HLB value of 3.5 or lower, and 5 to 50% by mass of constituent fatty acids of the polyglycerin fatty acid esters are an unsaturated fatty acid(s) having 8 to 22 carbon atoms. The composition is capable of efficiently reducing the oil content remaining in a cooked material. Defined methods producing and reducing are also provided.

Abstract: A tea solid composition comprising a mixture of finely ground tea, a binding agent and water, wherein the mixture forms a tea solid composition in response to heating and subsequent cooling in a mold. The tea solid composition may further include at least one ingredient selected from the group consisting of a sweetener, a ground spice, a flavor extract, a powdered milk product, a color additive and a thickener.

Abstract: A ready-to-drink tea beverage contains tea extract, aerated water and benzoate, such as a benzoic acid salt. The beverage and/or the aerated water can contain at least 5.0 ppm dioxygen (O2) and preferably at least about 5.0 ppm O2. The aerated water can reduce or prevent benzene formation and can reduce the benzene content of the beverage. The beverage can lack dimethyl dicarbonate and/or ascorbic acid. The water can be aerated before and/or after the beverage is dispensed in a can or another suitable container.

Abstract: A process for producing powdered cocoa shells as a food ingredient, as replacer for cocoa powder, to impart colouration in food products, and as fat bloom inhibitor in cocoa-based products.

Abstract: A method for producing frozen confectionery products comprising a coagulated protein system contributes to the improvement of textural and sensorial attributes of the confections, in particular of products based on lower fat formulations. Such a protein system is used in frozen confection prepared by conventional freezing alone or combined with low temperature freezing wherein it improves the microstructure and stability on frozen products.

Abstract: The present invention provides a protein material and food ingredient from a sustainable and stable source. The sustainable and stable source of the food or food ingredient is cellular biomass, for example an algal or microbial biomass. The invention discloses that the cellular biomass can be subjected to a series of steps to derive the protein material and food or food ingredient, which has high nutritional content and has pleasing organoleptic properties.

Abstract: An aqueous solution of a pulse protein product having a protein content of at least about 60 wt % (N×6.25) d.b. which is soluble in aqueous media at a pH of less than about 4.4 and heat stable at that pH range is adjusted in pH to a pH of about 6 to about 8. The resulting product is further processed by drying the product, recovering and drying any precipitated pulse protein material, heat treating and then drying the product, or heat treating the product and recovering and drying any precipitated pulse protein material.

Abstract: An aqueous solution of a pulse protein product having a protein content of at least about 60 wt % (N×6.25) d.b. which is soluble in aqueous media at a pH of less than about 4.4 and heat stable at that pH range is adjusted in pH to a pH of about 6 to about 8. The resulting product is further processed by drying the product, recovering and drying any precipitated pulse protein material, heat treating and then drying the product, or heat treating the product and recovering and drying any precipitated pulse protein material.

Abstract: A method for producing a fermented aquaculture feed includes forming a powder mixture of soybean meal and earthworm meal, adding water to the powder mixture to form a first feed mixture, adding a culture of Bacillus subtilis to the first feed mixture to form a second feed mixture, and incubating the second feed mixture at a temperature of between about 20° C. and about 50° C. for a first time period to obtain a fermented feed mixture. The invention further provides a fermented feed mixture obtained from adding a culture of Bacillus subtilis to a feed mixture and incubating the feed mixture at a temperature of between about 20° C. and about 50° C. The feed mixture is obtained from adding water to a powder mixture of soybean meal and earthworm meal. The weight of the soybean meal within the power mixture may be larger than the weight of the earthworm meal.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of weight control of an individual pet dog or cat, as well as a system and apparatus for weight control of an individual pet dog or cat.

Abstract: The invention provides methods and processes that can be used to process industrial FDDG to food grade FDDG (FDDG). The FDDG product is substantially reduced of color, is high in protein and fiber, is odor-neutral, and is safe for human consumption. The present invention further provides processing schemes to minimize FDDG variability, and to insure uniform food functionality traits. The invention also provides novel and effective applications and uses of Supercritical CO2 extraction in the preparation of the FDDG product.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for producing a heat-treated food product from a food material which has been contacted with an asparaginase.

Abstract: A stabiliser composition comprising, calculated by weight of dry matter: cellulose gum 5-25 wt. % modified starch 10-50 wt. % maltodextrin 10-55 wt. % polydextrose 0-45 wt. % protein 0-20 wt. % hydrocolloid 1-10 wt. % other ingredients 0-30 wt. %.

Abstract: A method for preparing buckwheat noodles capable of preparing noodles using only 100% pure buckwheat includes a soaking step of soaking buckwheat grain in water at room temperature, a heating step of boiling the buckwheat grain undergoing the soaking step, a husk separation step of separating the buckwheat grain undergoing the heating step into endosperm and husks and adding salt water to the endosperm, a kneading and aging step of kneading and aging the endosperm with which the salt water is mixed through the husk separation step to make dough, a noodle making step of making buckwheat noodles by extruding the dough through a noodle-making machine, a reheating step of reheating the buckwheat noodles prepared through the noodle making step by steaming, and a cooling and drying step of cooling and drying the reheated buckwheat noodles.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a potato derived flavour enhancing composition having a dry matter content of at least 3 wt. % and containing per kg of dry matter: •150-900 g of proteinaceous matter; •0-100 g of starch; •0-5 mg of chlorogenic acid; •0-30 mg of glycoalkaloid selected from ?-solanine, ?-chaconine and combinations thereof; wherein free amino acids represent at least 80 wt. % of the proteinaceous matter, said free amino acids comprising: •a first group of free amino acids selected from asparagine (Asn), aspartate (Asp), glutamate (Glu), glutamine (Gln), pyroglutamate (pGlu) and combinations thereof, said first group of free amino acids representing 45-95 wt. % of the free amino acids; •a second group of free amino acids selected from glycine (Gly), leucine (Leu), lysine (Lys), serine (Ser), isoleucine (Ile) and combinations thereof, said second group of free amino acids representing 1-20 wt. % of the free amino acids; •at least 3.5 wt.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the novel flavor and fragrance use of 2,6-dipropyl-5,6-dihydro-2H-thiopyran-3-carbaldehyde.

Abstract: Flours made from 1) ground/milled whole Kenaf seed, either by itself or in combination with other flours; and 2) flour made from ground/milled DKSM in combination with other types of flour (including flour made from whole Kenaf seed) are disclosed, as are comestible products made with such flours.

Abstract: The present invention refers to a compact device for electrolytic sterilization of food and utensils, especially for the electrical treatment of food and utensils using the electric current generated between a positive pole and a negative pole of an electrolysis system, all of those immersed in a fluid medium contained within a container covered by a lid of said device. The container is the anode or positive pole and the lid, by means of a cathode shaft provided with a cathode disc, is the cathode or negative pole, and the electrolyte is water.

Abstract: A 3D printer system that uses the AM method to print a product using a plurality of materials, each of which is contained in a respective capsule. The capsules are removably inserted into respective capsule holders, each of which includes a heating device for adjusting the temperature of the material, and is releasably held in one of a plurality of stations. A tool fetches individual capsules from and deposits them to their stations, and holds individual capsules for printing the product using a telescopic extrusion apparatus. A memory stores capsule-identifying data, a processor provides position coordinates for positioning of the tool, and a controller moves the tool to the position coordinates. The capsule holders include heating systems for controlling the rheological behavior of the materials based on algorithms executed by the processor.

Abstract: Disclosed is a copolymer that includes a repeat unit containing a flavorant-containing pendant and a salt-containing repeating unit. In addition, a comestible, a smoking composition, a smoking article, a smokeless tobacco composition and a heatable or combustible product are provided which incorporate one or more of the flavorant-containing copolymer.

Abstract: A smoking article is provided, including a combustible heat source having opposed front and rear faces; one or more airflow channels extending from the front face to the rear face; an aerosol-forming substrate downstream of the rear face; a mouthpiece downstream of the aerosol-forming substrate; and one or more air inlets located downstream of the rear face and upstream of the mouthpiece. The one or more air inlets are located between the rear face and a downstream end of the aerosol-forming substrate. Air drawn through the aerosol-forming substrate enters the smoking article through the one or more airflow channels and the one or more air inlets, and at least some of the air drawn through the aerosol-forming substrate comes into direct contact with a combustible portion of the combustible heat source.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for manufacturing a filter for a smoking article Embodiments of the invention relate to a method and an apparatus for manufacturing a filter for a smoking article, and a smoking article produced by the method. The method can include forming a filter section having a surface relief pattern with a filter forming device, transferring the filter section to a filter wrapping device with a filter transfer device and wrapping a sheet material around the filter section with the filter wrapping device.

Abstract: Provided herein are compositions for removal of contaminants from an air stream. The composition contains a filtration agent having one or more components that can adsorb tar or other contaminants from smoke. Also provided is a kit employing the filtration agent.

Abstract: The present invention is a smoking device which departs from a traditional “bowl and stem design utilized for centuries, and rather comprises a series of generally cylindrically shaped layers that when stacked and secured together provide the user an effective means to safely store, transport and smoke a plurality of smoking materials. The smoking device may incorporate a bowl selection ranging in number between seven (7) to an unlimited amount, depending upon the size, desired portability and intended use. A rotatable bowl selector dial which positions a flame inlet over one of the plurality of bowls in an adjacent smoking material retention cartridge offers a means for easy bowl selection. The user may draw from the plurality of smoking materials without inhaling smoke from, or through excess burnt ash. The smoking device may further be utilized as a practical means of proportionally and consistently regulating each draw of tobacco smoke.

Abstract: Provided herein is a tobacco packaging material, comprising a paper material coated with at least one polymer layer. The polymer layer comprises at least one repulpable polymer, and wherein the tobacco packaging material has a water vapor transmission rate (WVTR) that is at least 90% lower than the paper material. Further provided is a tobacco package comprising the tobacco packaging material, wherein the tobacco package is substantially free of any foil inner liner or polypropylene film. Further described is a method for making the tobacco packaging material, comprising extrusion coating at least one repulpable polymer onto a paper material to form a polymer layer, and optionally further depositing at least one atomic layer deposition (ALD) layer that comprises a metal oxide.

Abstract: A simulated cigarette having a generally cylindrical cigarette like housing with a main axis, the housing containing a reservoir of a pressurised inhalable composition. The reservoir has a reservoir outlet at one end which is selectively closed by an outlet valve. The simulated cigarette further comprises a tube with a through bore extending along a substantial portion of the reservoir from the vicinity of the reservoir outlet such that composition flows into a tube bore inlet and along the tube bore to the reservoir outlet. The tube inlet end is retained such that the axis passes through the inlet end and so that the tube bore inlet is positioned in the axial sense in the central 50% of the volume of the reservoir.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a simulated cigarette, which includes a gas tank set in a shell for storing gas of cigarette-smoking flavor in a liquefied-gas phase. The gas tank has a valve device set thereto for controlling the gas of cigarette-smoking flavor in and out. The simulated cigarette further includes a heat device for heating up the gas of cigarette-smoking flavor emitted from the gas tank, and accordingly a controlling unit and a power source set in the shell. The shell of the simulated cigarette has an integrated or parted structure. The gas tank is detachably set in the shell. The present invention mainly resolves fluid-leaking problem in the prior art. The simulated cigarette of the present invention has good leakage-proof performance. The simulated cigarette emits out gas tasted as cigarette-smoking flavor so that it can be used right after switched on.