Abstract: An expansive Portland cement incorporating an expansive additive which is a polymer incorporating a calcium compound reactive with the cement is described. The shrinkage compensating concrete produced is much less likely to crack and is used in slabs and other structural systems where cracking of the concrete is a problem.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for producing a hydraulic cement binder for both general and special applications, consisting of water, cementitious materials, boric acid, borax, citric acid, an alkali metal activator, and with or without ground silica. This cement making process with sequences for mixing the composition, is particularly useful because it provides: time to mix all components adequately, unrestricted transporting time that can be terminated, at will, followed by alterable placement and finishing times. The process provides the means for creating a hydraulic cement binder that can be used as a neat cement or it can be extended with fillers, such as sand and gravel, to make mortar or concrete, that rapidly gains very high structural strengths.

Abstract: A high alumina wellbore cementing composition is provided, the composition comprising:a) high alumina cement; andb) a polyacrylic acid phosphinate having a molecular weight of about 3800 in an amount effective to prevent gelation of the cementing composition for a time period of at least three hours.This composition can remain pumpable for a time period sufficiently long to place the cement in a wellbore using conventional wellbore cementing procedures, and, after the composition is cured, is capable of withstanding elevated wellbore temperatures.

Abstract: Set retarded cement compositions and methods of using the compositions for cementing zones in wells at temperatures in the range of from about 200.degree. F. to about 450.degree. F. are provided.

Abstract: A homogeneous dry particulate cement mixture in ready-to-use form is provided, which comprises ground blast-furnace slag having a specific surface area of 500-750 m.sup.2 /kg and ground fly ash having a specific surface area of 500-750 m.sup.2 /kg, in a weight ratio in the range of 20/80-70/30, and further comprises the following components in the amounts indicated, calculated on the total mixture: at least 2% by weight of portland cement clinker and 2-12% by weight of sodium silicate (calculated as Na.sub.2 O+SiO.sub.2). When processed, the cement mixture yields a mortar or a concrete having improved strength properties as well as a good resistance against an acidic environment.

Abstract: A multicomponent aqueous flowable admixture is formed with silica fume and stabilized with one or more high-range concrete water-reducing agents or one or more ordinary concrete water-reducing agents alone or in combination. The admixture is of particular advantage when added to fresh concrete or mortar to enhance plasticity and workability as compared to conventional concrete or mortar.

Abstract: Improved hydraulic cement compositions and methods for cementing wells drilled through low temperature earth formations wherein the cement is subjected to freeze-thaw cycling are provided. The compositions are comprised of a hydraulic cement, gypsum cement, fly ash, an alkali metal halide, water, and an alcohol freezing point depressant.

Abstract: An admixture for cement compositions containing tetrahydroborate, and cement composition containing a tetrahydroborate admixture made of salt borohydride, cement, aggregate and water. Since tetrahydroborate has the expansion effect hardly influenced by temperature, expansion amount is easily controlled. Since cells generated by foaming are fine, a hardened body with the excellent resistance to freezing and thawing can be obtained.

Abstract: A cement additive for inhibiting concrete deterioration contains as an effective component a powder mixture of an inorganic cation exchanger, such as a highly calcium-substituted zeolite, and an inorganic anion exchanger, such as hydrocalumite. The cement additive inhibits the alkali-aggregate reaction and the corrosion of reinforcing steel, thereby protecting concrete constructions from deterioration.

Abstract: A method of reclaiming leftover ready-mix concrete comprising the steps of:(1) retarding the hydration of the unused portion of concrete returned from a job site; and(2) after the desired retarded period adding a hydration acceleration agent to restore the concrete to a settable state.

Abstract: New and useful cementitious-based products, such as mortar, grout, backerboard and stucco, are all comprised of Portland cement as a common ingredient combined with optional fillers and additives with the addition of an effective antimicrobial agent. In a humid, warm and a poorly circulating air environment, mildew from a fungus, as well as the growth of other microbes will flourish. With the addition of Copper-8-quinolinolate as a fungicide to the cementitious-based mix, a zone of antibiosis is created to inhibit the growth of these organisms for the duration of the products use.

Abstract: The storage and processing times of sprayed concrete can be significantly extended by the addition of a retarder, a chemical compound which is capable of chelating with calcium ions. Preferred retarders are phosphonic acid derivatives which have at least one amino and/or hydroxyl group. The retarder can be used for both wet- and dry-sprayed concrete, the usual accelerators can be used for activation, and the strength is not adversely affected.

Abstract: A method for producing a cement material with reduced development of self-induced cracking, the method comprising:adding to a concrete, mortar or cement mix to which water has been added, an amount of 0.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of .alpha., .beta.-amino alcohols as a cement admixture to inhibit drying shrinkage of resultant cement compositions.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for producing a hydraulic cement binder for both general and special applications, consisting of water, cementitious materials, boric acid, borax, citric acid, an alkali metal activator, and with or without ground silica. This cement making process with sequences for mixing the composition, is particularly useful because it provides: time to mix all components adequately, unrestricted transporting time that can be terminated, at will, followed by alterable placement and finishing times. The process provides the means for creating a hydraulic cement binder that can be used as a neat cement or it can be extended with fillers, such as sand and gravel, to make mortar or concrete, that rapidly gains very high structural strengths.

Abstract: A water-in-oil emulsion drilling fluid can be converted into an oil mud-cement slurry for use in oil well cementing procedures. Also, a universal fluid can be prepared using the water-in-oil emulsion drilling fluid by treating with an hydraulic material so that it will lay down a filter cake during drilling which can be triggered to set into a hard cement and bond to the formation after the above oil mud-cement slurry has been placed in the borehole at the conclusion of drilling.

Abstract: A blended, hydraulic cement binder, is disclosed, consisting of water, fly ash, Type III portland cement, Type I portland cement, slag cement, ground silica, boric acid, borax, citric acid and an alkali metal activator. The cement binder and sequences for mixing the composition, is particularly useful because it provides: time to mix all components adequately, unrestricted transporting time that can be terminated, at will, followed by alterable placement and finishing times. The cement binder can be used as a neat cement or it can be extended with fillers, such as sand and gravel, to make mortar or concrete, that rapidly gains very high structural strengths.

Abstract: The invention relates to an agent increasing the rate of hardening of cements, mortars and concretes while maintaining their workability. It also concerns an adjuvant for cements, mortars and concretes, comprising an effective quantity of said agent, and the cements, mortars and concretes comprising an effective quantity of said agent or said adjuvant. This agent corresponds to the formula ##STR1## in which R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3, which may be identical or different, denote the hydrogen atom or an alkyl, substituted alkyl, alkene, aryl or aralkyl group,B denotes a hydrocarbon chain containing at least one --CH.sub.2 -- unit and in which the number of carbons situated in the chain is smaller than or equal to 10,A denotes the groups: ##STR2## in which: X denotes an organic or inorganic anion and in particular a halogenR.sub.5, R.sub.6 and R.sub.7, which may be identical or different, denote alkyl, substituted alkyl, alkene, aryl or aralkyl radicals.

Abstract: A superplasticizing additive for concrete and other cementitious mixes with high retention of workability (low "slump loss") and low air-entraining effect, is made by terpolymers of a) (meth)acrylic acid and its salts, b)polyethyleneglycolmonomethylether-(meth)acrylate and c) polypropyleneglycol-di(meth)acrylate.

Abstract: An aqueous solution, for use as a cement dispersing agent, of a polymer salt, which is formed by reacting a polycarboxylic acid with a nitrogenous acrylic polymer.

Abstract: A method for applying a cementitious composition to a surface comprising1) adding to the cementitious compositiona) a set retarding agent;b) a cement quick-setting agent;c) a cement dispersing agent;d) a slow release dispersing agent, that hydrolyzes under alkaline conditions to form a dispersing agent; and2) applying the concrete to a surface while the concrete is fluid.

Abstract: New set-accelerating admixtures for hydraulic cement compositions are disclosed. These admixtures incorporate known set accelerators and certain low molecular weight glycols, e.g., glycerol and ethylene glycol, are found to be surprisingly effective in decreasing the initial set time of hydraulic cements, mortars, and concretes, and are advantageous as reduced-temperature set-accelerators. Preferred embodiments of the invention may also comprise a component selected from the group consisting of certain alkanolamines and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: Improved hydraulic cement compositions and methods for cementing wells drilled through low temperature earth formations wherein the cement is subjected to freeze-thaw cycling are provided. The compositions are comprised of a hydraulic cement, gypsum cement, fly ash, an alkali metal halide, water, and an alcohol freezing point depressant.

Abstract: New set-accelerating admixtures for hydraulic cement compositions are disclosed. These admixtures incorporate known set accelerators and certain low molecular weight glycols, e.g., glycerol and ethylene glycol, are found to be surprisingly effective in decreasing the initial set time of hydraulic cements, mortars, and concretes, and are advantageous as reduced-temperature set-accelerators.

Abstract: Set retarded ultra fine cement compositions which remain pumpable for a predictable period of time at temperatures up to about 240.degree. F. are provided. The compositions are basically comprised of an ultra fine hydraulic cement, sufficient water to form a pumpable slurry and a set retarder comprised of a methylenephosphonic acid derivative.

Abstract: An oil and gas well cementing composition and method is shown utilizing hydraulic cement, water and an additive having pendant phosphonate groups on a polymeric backbone. The additive provides improved fluid loss and settling characteristics while maintaining desirable viscosity and setting time characteristics. Pendant phosphonate groups are added to the polymer by adding about 0.2% to about 10.0% by weight phosphonic acid either during or after polymerization.

Abstract: The use of calcium oxide or calcium hydroxide as a crack-inhibiting additive for tape joint compositions is disclosed. Tape joint compositions containing calcium oxide or calcium hydroxide maintain their workability while experiencing less cracking upon drying.

Abstract: A hydraulic cement mix including hydraulic cement, aggregate, sufficient water to effect hydraulic setting of the cement, and a polyamidoamine additive, the additive being present in an amount sufficient to increase the bonding strength of the hardened mix. Generally, the additive is present in a total amount of about 0.025 to 0.25% by weight based upon the weight of the cement, preferably in an amount in the range of about 0.075 to 0.15% by weight.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a cement admixture and the resultant cement composition capable of inhibiting drying shrinkage and crack formation resulting therefrom.

Abstract: A cement composition capable of inhibiting drying shrinkage and cracking resulting therefrom composed of cement and an alkyl or cycloalkyl carbamate, an alkylene dicarbamate, polyoxyalkylene dicarbamate or mixtures thereof.

Abstract: A tracer material having an identifiable property associated with a particular type product and/or a particular manufacturer is blended with dry, powder hydraulic cement-based building materials, which set to a hardened product after admixing with water or another hardening agent, to provide the capability of making a simple analysis of the hardened product to determine the presence or absence of the tracer material and thereby positively identify whether the building material used to produce the hardened product was a particular type and/or supplied by a particular manufacturer. The building material can be analyzed in the dry powder form prior to use to make the same type determination.

Abstract: A fiber-hydratable cement composition comprising a uniform dispersion of from 0.0001 to 10 volume percent interground fiber in hydratable cement powder is prepared by introducing fiber precursors and cement clinker to a grinding mill and grinding the mixture until the clinker has been reduced to a fine powder. The fiber can be steel, alkaline resistant glass, ceramic, carbon or organic polymer, and preferably are steel, polyolefin or mixtures thereof.

Abstract: A method and composition for making concrete includes an antifreeze admixe which is added to the concrete to prevent the freezing of water in the concrete when the concrete is cured during the winter or other cold conditions. The concrete admixture includes sodium nitrate and sodium sulfate combined with one another in a predetermined ratio. In a preferred a embodiment the ratio of sodium nitrate to sodium sulfate equals 3:1. A dosage of greater than 2% by weight of cement of the above described admixture was found to significantly increase the compressive strength of concrete cast of cold (below freezing, or 0 degrees celsius) temperatures, and dosages of 6% and 8% by weight of cement of the specified admixture were found to be particularly effective.

Abstract: The present invention provides additives for hydraulic cement compositions, particularly masonry cements, which improve the water-repellancy, workability, and board life of said compositions. The additives of the invention comprise a water-insoluble, water-repelling acid, a set retarding composition, an emulsifier, and a polymer selected from the group consisting of polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetate, hydroxypropyl substituted polysaccharides, and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: A composition for forming a waterproof, high strength, hard material having good insulation properties, comprising a mixture of crushed pumice and type S mortar, and preferably refractory additives or fillers, which forms the hard material upon the addition of water and after allowing the mixture to cure. The material has superior insulation properties to conventional compositions formed using portland cement instead of type S mortar.

Abstract: Commercially available fly ash is prepared and charged in a vessel. A halogen gas is supplied to the vessel and is brought into contact with the fly ash in the vessel.

Abstract: A multicomponent aqueous flowable admixture is formed with silica fume and stabilized with one or more high-range concrete water-reducing agents or one or more ordinary concrete water-reducing agents alone or in combination. The admixture is of particular advantage when added to fresh concrete or mortar to enhance plasticity and workability as compared to conventional concrete or mortar.

Abstract: An admixture for inhibiting chloride-induced corrosion in steel reinforcing in place in concrete comprises an O/W emulsion wherein the oil phase comprises an unsaturated fatty acid ester and ethoxylated nonyl phenol and the ester of an aliphatic carboxylic acid with a mono-, di- or trihydric alcohol and the water phase comprises a saturated fatty acid, an amphoteric compound, a glycol and a soap. The admixture is added to the concrete prior to placement.

Abstract: Cement and aggregates are mixed with each other by the use of a dispersant to the effect of water reduction and prevention of slump loss, the dispersant comprising (1) (I), (IIa), and an amine reaction terminator of (IIb), (IIc), (IVg) and/or (IVh); (2) (I), (IIb) and/or (IIc) and (IIIe) and/or (IIIf); or (3) (I), (IIa) and (IIIe) and/or (IIIf), in which formulae, R is hydrogen or an alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms; X is an alkali metal; X.sub.1 is hydrogen, an alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, carboxylic acid group, an alkali metal salt carboxylate, sulfonic acid group, an alkali metal salt sulfonate, hydroxy or methoxy; Y.sub.1 is carboxylic acid or an alkali metal salt carboxylate, sulfonic acid or an alkali metal salt sulfonate; Y is hydrogen or an alkali metal; Z is hydrogen, an alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or --CH.sub.2 SO.sub.3 M; and M is hydrogen or an alkali metal.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of retarding the set of residual concrete in a concrete holding vessel comprising uniformly directing an aqueous solution containing an effective amount of a set retarding agent against the residual concrete on the inner surface of said concrete holding vessel with sufficient pressure to retard concrete set with less than about 3 gallons of aqueous solution per every 10 lbs. of residual concrete. The present invention also relates to an apparatus which utilizes a minimal amount of wash water.

Abstract: A fast setting cementitious composition which upon hydration with water forms a paste-like slurry useful in stopping leaks in the walls of cement pipes. The cementitious composition comprises a dry mixture of a hydraulic cement component having a first Portland cement constituent and a second calcium aluminate constituent, an aggregate component and a lime component. Upon hydration with 23 wt. % water, the resulting slurry has an initial Vicat setting time within the range of 1-5 minutes and a final Vicat setting time of no more than 6 minutes. The cement component contains the first and second cement constituents in weight ratios within the range of 3:2-2:3. The lime component is present in an amount within the range of 1-4 wt. %.In effecting the repair of a water leak, a paste-like slurry is formed from water and the dry cementitious composition. The cementitious paste is supplied to the repair site.

Abstract: The process for producing a paste of improved quality. In one aspect, the process comprises allowing hydraulic cement and water to mix sufficiently to reach early age equilibrium, exposing the mixing water and cementitious material to a carbon source selected from the group consisting of CO.sub.2, CO, carbonate salts and mixtures thereof, and then allowing the resulting mixture to again reach early age equilibrium.

Abstract: A composition and method are disclosed whereby the formation of geopolymers from curable, inorganic, stone-forming SiO.sub.2 and Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 containing compositions is accelerated by materials which exhibit exothermic behavior in the presence of water. Such polymerizable compositions are suitable as mortar compositions for fastening anchor rods.

Abstract: A method of reclaiming unset cement compositions by mixing a polymethoxy polyphosphonate to the unset composition to cause long-term retardation of cement hydration and subsequently treating the composition with a set accelerator to reinitiate hydration.

Abstract: New set-accelerating admixtures for hydraulic cement compositions are disclosed. These admixtures incorporate set-accelerating compounds and methylol derivatives of amino acids, are found to be surprisingly effective in decreasing the initial set time of hydraulic cements, mortars, and concretes, and are particularly advantageous in reduced-temperature set-accelerators.

Abstract: An article for rural building construction and road building obtained by a thermal treatment of a mixture of:(a) at least an altered silicate containing alumina and calcium;(b) at least a carbonatic rock;(c) a crystallization accelerator; and(d) optionally a basicity regulator.

Abstract: A chloride-free admixture for use as a cold weather (e.g., 13.degree. F. to 40.degree. F.) concrete set accelerator. The admixtures comprise;1) at least one soluble inorganic salt having freezing point depressant properties,2) at least one water reducing dispersant, e.g., superplasticizer,3) at least one inorganic early set and strength accelerator, and optionally,4) at least one inorganic set accelerator.

Abstract: Process for making a cement mixture containing fibers wherein a paste is formed by mixing cement and, per 100 parts by weight of cement, approximately 5 to 20 parts by weight of a first pulverized material of which the grains have an average diameter of between 1/5 and 1/10 of the average diameter of the grains of the cement and approximately 20 to 35 parts by weight of water. The paste is then mixed with reinforcing fibers. The paste may also include a second pulverized material the average grain diameter of which is between 1/5 and 1/10 of the average diameter of the first pulverized material. The invention further includes products made from a cement mixture manufactured according to one of the foregoing processes.

Abstract: The present invention provides a cement setting accelerator comprising 100 parts by weight of a sintered body, 5 to 70 parts by weight of an alkali metal carbonate powder and at most 170 parts by weight of a lime powder and a method of manufacturing the same. The sintered body contains a predetermined ratio of 3CaO.2Na.sub.2 O.5Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, Na.sub.2 SO.sub.4 and Na.sub.2 O.Al.sub.2 O.sub.3. Alternatively, a predetermined ratio of 3CaO.2Na.sub.2 O.5Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, Na.sub.2 SO.sub.4 and 4CaO.3Al.sub.2 O.sub.3.SO.sub.3 are contained in the sintered body. Further, a raw material mixture, which is not sintered and equal in the chemical composition to the sintered body noted above, may be used in place of the sintered body. Setting and hardening of a cement paste is markedly promoted by adding a small amount of the cement setting accelerator of the present invention to the cement paste.

Abstract: A hydraulic calcium phosphate cement composition contains as main ingredients powders of calcium tertiary phosphate and calcium secondary phosphate with a molar ratio of Ca/P of 1.400 to 1.498. The calcium tertiary phosphate contains .alpha.-type calcium tertiary phosphate and .beta.-type calcium tertiary phosphate. The cement composition may contain a hardening liquid including water.