Abstract: An internal combustion engine includes multiple fuel injections external to a pre-chamber. A further aspect provides an engine pre-chamber ignition apparatus which employs a pre-assembled and/or removable cartridge including an ignitor and a fresh air inlet but not a fuel inlet injector directly mounted thereto. Another aspect of a vehicular engine apparatus includes a fuel injector positioned externally to a pre-chamber which delivers an initial greater quantity of fuel for combustion and then a later and smaller quantity of fuel for pre-chamber ignition.

Abstract: An apparatus for igniting a combustible mixture. In one example, the apparatus can include a coaxial cavity resonator assembly in a combustion environment. The apparatus can also include an operational feedback system and a controller. The operational feedback system can measure at least one of a voltage value and a current value of the coaxial cavity resonator assembly in the combustion environment. The controller can be configured to determine a condition of the coaxial cavity resonator assembly and modulate operation of the coaxial cavity resonator assembly based at least in part on the determined condition.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for transferring hot, compressed gases from one cylinder to another cylinder while fuel injection in both cylinders is deactivated. In one example, a method may include during a fuel shut-off event, opening a first pre-chamber injector of the first cylinder undergoing late compression or early expansion and opening a second pre-chamber injector of the second cylinder undergoing a late expansion and/or exhaust stroke or undergoing an intake stroke to allow a hot, compressed gas from the first cylinder to transfer to the second cylinder through the first and second pre-chamber injectors.

Abstract: An internal combustion may include a cylinder having a first combustion chamber at one end and a second combustion chamber at an opposing end, first and second cylinder heads located at an end of the first and second combustion chambers, respectively, and a double-faced piston slidably mounted within the cylinder. The piston may be configured to move in the cylinder in a work stroke from one end to another. The work stroke may include an expansion stroke portion and a non-expansion stroke portion. The non-expansion stroke portion may include a momentum stroke portion, and a compression stroke portion. The engine may further include first and second piston rod portions extending from opposite faces of the piston. Passageways in the piston rod portions may be configured to communicate gases between a combustion chamber and other locations.

Abstract: Apparatuses, methods, and systems for igniting fuel for an internal combustion engine, an ignition system include a first ignition device associated with a pre-combustion chamber of a cylinder and a second ignition device associated with a main combustion chamber of the cylinder. An engine control unit is operably connected to both the engine and the ignition system to ignite fuel for the cylinder with the first ignition device independently of igniting fuel with the second ignition device. The engine control unit determines an occurrence of a combustion condition and in response thereto (i) ignites fuel for combustion with both the first and the second ignition devices or (ii) ignites fuel for combustion only with the second ignition device. The engine control unit determines a second combustion condition and in response thereto ignites fuel only with the first ignition device.

Abstract: Systems and methods for starting and operating a direct injection engine are described. In one example, the air and fuel are injected into a pre-chamber of a cylinder of an engine while the engine is not rotating. The air and fuel are combusted in the pre-chamber to improve ignition of an air and fuel mixture in the cylinder.

Abstract: A fuel supply system for the active purging of at least one antechamber of a spark-ignition internal combustion engine, using a gaseous fuel, the internal combustion engine comprising at least one main combustion chamber, which is connected to the at least one antechamber at least on the fuel side. An evaporator is disposed upstream from the at least one antechamber.

Abstract: An engine includes a cylinder head, an ignition plug disposed in the cylinder head, a head partition wall disposed on the cylinder head to surround a periphery of the ignition plug, an injector disposed in the cylinder head and having an injection hole exposed outside the head partition wall, a cylinder block coupled to the cylinder head, a cylinder formed in the cylinder block, a piston disposed in the cylinder, and a piston partition wall disposed on a crown surface of the piston to face the head partition wall in a sliding direction of the piston. The height of the piston partition wall from the crown surface on the side closer to the injector is less than the height of the piston partition wall from the crown surface on the side farther from the injector.

Abstract: An apparatus comprises a coaxial cavity resonator; a radio frequency power source coupled to the coaxial cavity resonator; a direct current power source coupled to the coaxial cavity resonator; a combustion process feedback module configured to sense a condition in a combustion environment by measuring a characteristic of the coaxial cavity resonator; and a controller configured to modulate operation of the coaxial cavity resonator based at least in part on combustion process feedback information from the combustion process feedback module.

Abstract: A spark plug includes a plug cap having a plurality of through holes. In a cross section including an axial line, the plug cap includes an enlarging portion in a portion of a region between a first imaginary straight line and a second imaginary straight line, the first imaginary straight line extending through a front end of the end portion of a ground electrode and being perpendicular to the axial line, the second imaginary straight line extending through a back end of one of inner open ends of the through holes that is closest to a front end of the spark plug and being perpendicular to the axial line. The enlarging portion being a portion in which a minimum distance from an outer surface to an inner surface of the plug cap increases with increasing distance in a direction from back to front.

Abstract: A pre-chamber assembly of an internal combustion engine comprises a pre-chamber housing and a plurality of nozzles extending through a portion of the pre-chamber housing. The plurality of nozzles are directed to one location.

Abstract: An engine system comprising an internal combustion engine and a turbocharger, where a diameter of the at least one intake valve is greater than a diameter of the at least one exhaust valve, the salient angle of the piston bowl is at least 10 degrees, the ratio between the piston bowl opening diameter and the piston bowl depth is approximately 0.5 to 2.0, the intake valve opens before top dead center on an exhaust stroke of the internal combustion engine and closes before bottom dead center of an intake stroke of the internal combustion engine, and the turbocharger has a combined efficiency of more than 50%.

Abstract: A homogenous charge electromagnetic volumetric ignition (HCEMVI) internal combustion engine (ICE) and its ignition method are disclosed in the present invention. The HCEMVI ICE includes a control module of the engine, an electromagnetic wave source, an electromagnetic wave coupling module and the cylinders of the ICE. Its ignition method is stated as: the control module of the engine controls the electromagnetic wave generation and, when the piston of a cylinder containing an air-fuel mixture moves to the preset ignition advance angle, the electromagnetic wave source is commanded to generate an electromagnetic wave at a frequency in accordance with the resonant frequency of the cylinder head at the advance angle. The electromagnetic wave is transmitted into the cylinder by the coupling module to create a strong electric field through electromagnetic resonance in the cylinder head and initiate volumetric ignition and bulk combustion of the air-fuel mixture inside the cylinder of the engine.

Abstract: A method of analyzing fuel component using an RF (Radio Frequency) sensor for a vehicle includes: receiving a new fuel into a fuel tank so as to mix existing fuel in the fuel tank with the new fuel, measuring a resonance frequency of the mixed fuel using an RF sensor, comparing the measured resonance frequency of the mixed fuel with a resonance frequency of a standard fuel, determining whether the mixed fuel is a normal fuel through the comparison, maintaining an engine combustion pattern corresponding to the standard fuel when the mixed fuel is a normal fuel, and operating reflecting an engine combustion control.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for purging a pre-chamber. In one example, a system is provided with a combustion chamber formed by a cylinder head coupled to a cylinder block and a pre-chamber in fluidic communication with the combustion chamber. The system is also provided with a purge port coupled to the pre-chamber and structured to flow purge air into the pre-chamber, where the flow of the purge air is driven by operation a purge pump and a piston disposed within the combustion chamber.

Abstract: The invention relates to an injection device (1), in particular for an exhaust aftertreatment system of an internal combustion engine, comprising a pressure-controlled, outward-opening fuel injection valve (2) that includes an axially movable valve piston (6) which penetrates a flow opening (7) in a valve body (5) and one end of which has a valve tip (9), further comprising a valve seat (8) associated with the flow opening (7), and at least one spring element (11) which urges the valve piston (6) comprising the valve tip (9) against the valve seat (8) so that the flow opening (7) is closed; the valve tip (9) is axially movable inside a flow chamber (15) formed by the valve body (5) and by an injection orifice disk (14) that includes a plurality of injection ports (19).

Abstract: A prechamber ignition assembly for an internal combustion engine includes a base attached to a remanufactured prechamber ignition device at a base weld interface. The remanufactured prechamber ignition device includes a new tip formed of a tip material, and a root formed of a root material, with a used body formed of a body material disposed therebetween. The new tip is bonded to the used body at a tip weld interface and the root is bonded to the used body at a root weld interface.

Abstract: The present disclosure includes systems and methods for monitoring a prechamber of an engine. In one embodiment, a system includes a combustion engine having a combustion chamber and a prechamber, where the prechamber is configured to direct a flame toward the combustion chamber, a fuel supply valve configured to adjust a flow of a fuel toward the prechamber, a prechamber valve configured to receive the fuel into the prechamber, a knock sensor coupled to the combustion engine, and a controller. The controller is configured to control operations of the combustion engine, to receive a signal from the knock sensor, to determine a combustion parameter based at least on the signal, to determine a condition of one or both of the prechamber and the prechamber valve based at least on the combustion parameter, and to adjust the fuel supply valve based at least on the condition.

Abstract: A method of operating an internal combustion engine having pilot subchambers communicating with main combustion chambers, the internal combustion engine configured in use to deliver a main fuel injection of a maximum quantity of fuel to the main combustion chambers when the internal combustion engine is operated at maximum load. The method includes delivering a pilot fuel injection of at most 10% of the maximum quantity to the pilot subchambers, igniting the pilot fuel injection within the pilot subchambers, directing the ignited fuel from the pilot subchambers to the main combustion chambers, and delivering a main fuel injection of a main quantity of fuel to at least one of the main combustion chambers receiving the ignited fuel, with the main quantity being at most 10% of the maximum quantity.

Abstract: An ignition chamber of a combustion engine, the ignition chamber comprising: a piston having a piston bottom surface and a cylinder head having a cylinder head surface, the ignition chamber having an ignition chamber axis wherein one of said piston bottom surface and said cylinder head surface includes at least one depression and an ignition device is disposed in said ignition chamber and extends along said ignition chamber axis, said ignition device is configured to cause a cylindrical ignition impulse along said ignition chamber axis so as to create radial impulse components that are redirected by said depression so as to move in a direction longitudinal to said combustion chamber axis.

Abstract: A non-Wankel rotary engine having an insert in the peripheral wall of the outer body, the insert being made of a material having a greater heat resistance than that of the peripheral wall, having a subchamber defined therein and having an inner surface bordering the cavity, the subchamber communicating with the cavity through at least one opening defined in the inner surface and having a shape forming a reduced cross-section adjacent the opening, a pilot fuel injector having a tip received in the subchamber, an ignition element having a tip received in the subchamber, and a main fuel injector extending through the housing and having a tip communicating with the cavity at a location spaced apart from the insert.

Abstract: An engine is provided. In one embodiment, the engine includes a precombustion chamber having a body, a secondary combustion chamber disposed at least partially in the body, and a plurality of passages configured to place the precombustion chamber in fluid communication with a main combustion chamber.

Abstract: A refrigeration unit and a method for controlling same during start-stop operation is provided. The refrigeration unit may include an engine operable between at least a low engine speed and a high engine speed, a compressor operatively coupled to the engine, and a controller operatively coupled to each of the engine and the compressor. The controller may be configured to operate the engine at a reduced low speed during a delay period, extend the delay period based on the reduced low speed, increase a displacement capacity of the compressor based on the extended delay period, and operate the engine at a reduced high speed.

Abstract: Combustion chamber of a diesel engine, the combustion chamber comprising: a piston having a piston bottom surface and a cylinder head having a cylinder head surface the combustion chamber having a combustion chamber axis, wherein one of said piston bottom surface and said cylinder head surface includes at least one depression and an ignition element is disposed in said combustion chamber and extends along said combustion chamber axis, said ignition element is configured to cause ignition along a longitudinal route of said combustion chamber axis.

Abstract: A component of a fuel combustion system of an engine includes a body with a knurled conduction surface. The body is hollow and defines a central longitudinal axis. The body includes an outer surface, an inner surface, and an orifice surface. The outer surface defines an outer opening. The inner surface defines an interior chamber and an inner opening. The orifice surface defines an orifice passage extending between, and in communication with, the outer opening and the inner opening. The orifice passage is in communication with the interior chamber via the inner opening. The outer surface includes the knurled conduction surface. The knurled conduction surface has a boundary surface and a plurality of protrusions that project outwardly from the boundary surface. At least a portion of the knurled conduction surface is axially aligned with the interior chamber along the central longitudinal axis.

Abstract: A mixture-charged gas engine includes at least one cylinder. A combustion chamber delimited by a cylinder head, a cylinder wall, and a piston, which can be moved in the cylinder, is arranged in the at least one cylinder, and the combustion chamber is divided into a main combustion chamber and at least one pre-chamber fluidically connected to the main combustion chamber via at least one firing channel. An air-/combustion gas mixture can be supplied to the main combustion chamber via an inlet valve during an intake stroke of the piston. The mixture-charged gas engine is characterized in that a separate combustion gas supply is provided for the at least one pre-chamber.

Abstract: A nozzle for a prechamber assembly of an engine includes a hollow nozzle body having an outer surface, defining first and second outer openings, and an inner surface, defining an interior chamber and first and second inner openings. The nozzle body defines first and second orifices in communication with the interior chamber. The first orifice extends in a first orifice configuration between the first outer opening and inner opening and defines a first entry path projection extending from the first inner opening into the interior chamber. The second orifice extends in a second orifice configuration between the second outer opening and inner opening and defines a second entry path projection extending from the second inner opening into the interior chamber. The first and second entry path projections intersect at an impingement region in the interior chamber, which is radially offset from a central longitudinal axis of the nozzle.

Abstract: A heat transfer system for use in an internal combustion engine and related methods are disclosed. The heat transfer system may be configured to absorb and transfer heat from a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine. The heat transfer system may also be configured to reintroduce absorbed and/or transferred heat into the internal combustion engine via a fuel injector or another suitable device. Removal of the heat from the combustion chamber may reduce a quantity of work required or used for compression of a first combustion fluid, increase a charge density in the combustion chamber, and/or increase the compression ratio of the engine. Additionally, the heat transfer system may be designed such that it may be used to retrofit an existing internal combustion engine.

Abstract: A method of monitoring check valves (6) arranged in gas feed lines (5) of a gas engine includes determining a temperature (S1) according to which a signal transmitter is activated (S3) when a detected temperature in a gas feed line (5) lies outside of a first designated target range; and transmitting (S3) a signal which carries information indicating the gas feed line (5) in which the temperature lying outside of the first target range was detected and/or the cylinder (10) with which the gas feed line (5) is associated.

Abstract: Products and processes are provided herewith for analyzing octane content in a fuel sample that include the step or steps of receiving an octane measurement of a fuel sample from a octane analyzer, rounding the octane measurement to a nearest recognized octane rating, comparing the rounded octane measurement with a listed octane rating for the fuel sample, and communicating results of the comparison to a user of the octane analyzer. The octane analyzer may be incorporated into a fuel pump or a vehicle. The results of the comparison may also be used to adjust the vehicle operating parameters to account for the actual octane rating of the fuel dispensed into the vehicle.

Abstract: A subchamber type combustion chamber for a diesel engine, which reduces fuel consumption rate and combustion noise. To achieve the object, a subchamber type combustion chamber is communicated with a main combustion chamber through a nozzle hole, a fuel injection nozzle faces into the subchamber, and a glow plug extends into the subchamber. A heat generating portion of the glow plug includes a rod-shaped portion and a projecting portion projecting from an end of the rod-shaped portion. The projecting portion is provided with a convex curved surface projecting from a circular peripheral edge at the end of the rod-shaped portion while the convex curved surface is reduced in diameter. The percentage of value P/D obtained by dividing projection dimension P of the projecting portion from the end of the rod-shaped portion by diameter dimension D at the end of the rod-shaped portion is 3% to 23%.

Abstract: A heat transfer system for use in an internal combustion engine and related methods are disclosed. The heat transfer system may be configured to absorb and transfer heat from a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine. The heat transfer system may also be configured to reintroduce absorbed and/or transferred heat into the internal combustion engine via a fuel injector or another suitable device. Removal of the heat from the combustion chamber may reduce a quantity of work required or used for compression of a first combustion fluid, increase a charge density in the combustion chamber, and/or increase the compression ratio of the engine. Additionally, the heat transfer system may be designed such that it may be used to retrofit an existing internal combustion engine.

Abstract: An after-treatment apparatus for exhaust gas in a combustion chamber includes a discharge device with an electrode exposed to the combustion chamber and installed in at least one of members constituting the combustion chamber, an antenna installed in at least one of the members constituting the combustion chamber so as to radiate electromagnetic waves into the combustion chamber, an electromagnetic wave transmission line installed in at least one of the members constituting the combustion chamber and with one end connected to the antenna and the other end covered with an insulator or dielectric and extending to a portion, in at least one of the members constituting the combustion chamber, distant from the combustion chamber, and an electromagnetic wave generator for feeding electromagnetic waves to the electromagnetic wave transmission line.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a precombustion chamber structure for a gas engine. The precombustion chamber structure is configured to facilitate disassembly of a precombustion chamber tip, thus making maintenance, repair or inspection of the precombustion chamber easy. For this, the precombustion chamber structure includes: a body (110) having a main body (111), a water jacket (112) and a precombustion chamber tip (113); and a spark plug (120) for igniting fuel gas injected into the precombustion chamber (114) formed in the body (110). The precombustion chamber structure ignites fuel gas and supplies the ignited fuel gas into a main combustion chamber. A tool insert groove (1131) is formed in the junction between the precombustion chamber tip and the water jacket. The tool insert groove (1131) allows a tool for disassembly to be inserted into a space between the precombustion chamber tip and the water jacket.

Abstract: A fuel system for an engine is disclosed. The fuel system may have a first fuel injector configured to inject a first stream of gaseous fuel radially into a combustion chamber of a cylinder of the engine through a first air intake port. The fuel system may also have a second fuel injector configured to inject a second stream of gaseous fuel radially into the combustion chamber through a second air intake port to collide with the first stream of gaseous fuel.

Abstract: Providing a control method for controlling an engine of a precombustion chamber type, whereby the misfiring in the precombustion chamber is surely prevented.

Abstract: A modification of a fuel filter for use with an internal combustion engine is described. The modification provides a switch element that, in conjunction with the water level sensor conventionally provided in the filter, enables detection of the presence or absence of a filter insert or whether an improper insert has been installed in the filter housing. When the filter insert is inserted or removed, the switch element makes or breaks an electrical circuit that is part of the water level sensor. The control unit is thus able to detect switch states of three different variables in the filter: the water level is/is not too high; the filter insert is/is not installed; or the correct filter is/is not installed. The control unit accordingly allows or prevents operation of the motor, depending on the detected switch state.

Abstract: A method of operating an internal combustion engine uses fuels having different reactivities obtained from the same fuel source. A first fuel having a first reactivity is stored in a fuel reservoir. A portion of the first fuel is converted to a second fuel having a second reactivity. The first fuel is introduced into a combustion chamber having a piston moving in a cylinder at a first time when the piston is relatively closer to a bottom dead center (BDC) position and the second fuel is introduced into the combustion chamber at a second time when the piston is relatively further from the BDC position. In an aspect, the convertor may be adjustable to alter the reactivity of the second fuel. In an aspect, the convertor may use a processing fluid associated with the engine to convert the first fuel to the second fuel.

Abstract: A subchamber type combustion chamber for a diesel engine, which reduces fuel consumption rate and combustion noise. To achieve the object, a subchamber type combustion chamber is communicated with a main combustion chamber through a nozzle hole, a fuel injection nozzle faces into the subchamber, and a glow plug extends into the subchamber. A heat generating portion of the glow plug includes a rod-shaped portion and a projecting portion projecting from an end of the rod-shaped portion. The projecting portion is provided with a convex curved surface projecting from a circular peripheral edge at the end of the rod-shaped portion while the convex curved surface is reduced in diameter. The percentage of value P/D obtained by dividing projection dimension P of the projecting portion from the end of the rod-shaped portion by diameter dimension D at the end of the rod-shaped portion is 3% to 23%.

Abstract: A flame jet ignition engine enables air to be effectively fed to an auxiliary combustion chamber, thereby ensuring facilitating the formation of a fuel mixture of fuel and air and therefore leading to the smooth, stable ignition of the fuel mixture in the auxiliary combustion chamber.

Abstract: A direct injection compression ignition internal combustion engine includes a fuel system having a nozzle extending into a cylinder of the engine and a plurality of spray orifices formed in the nozzle. Each of the spray orifices has an inner diameter dimension of about 0.09 mm or less, and define inter-orifice angles between adjacent spray orifice center axes of about 36° or greater such that spray plumes of injected fuel from each of the spray orifices combust within the cylinder according to a non-sooting lifted flame and gas entrainment combustion pattern. Related methodology is also disclosed.

Abstract: Described herein is a combustion pre-chamber apparatus for a main combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine that includes a body that defines an internal combustion cavity. The apparatus also includes at least one orifice that extends through the body. The at least one orifice includes a first end open to the internal combustion cavity and a second end open to the main combustion chamber. The first end is bigger than the second end.

Abstract: Provided is a gas engine having a spark plug provided with a pre-combustion chamber and a check valve, the gas engine, in which the check valve is arranged in the neighborhood of the pre-combustion chamber, being capable of preventing adhesion of a solenoid controlled valve provided at an upstream side of the check valve due to soot accumulation, and dead volume in a fuel inlet passage. In a gas engine in which fuel gas is supplied to the pre-combustion chamber through the fuel gas inlet passage and the fuel gas supplied in the pre-combustion chamber is ignited by spark discharge at the spark plug that is fitted to a mounting hardware piece via a seat surface, a solenoid valve for performing open-close control of the fuel gas is provided, and a first check valve is also provided posterior to a discharge side of the solenoid valve so as to prevent back flow of the combustion gas from the pre-combustion chamber to the solenoid controlled valve.

Abstract: Provided is a check valve structure capable of preventing soot accumulation in a check valve arranged in a pre-combustion chamber (4) due to incomplete combustion of fuel gas and preventing malfunction the check valve (6) for a gas engine having an pre-combustion chamber with a spark plug. An arrangement for supplying fuel gas to the pre-combustion chamber (4) has a multiple bore-cooling holes (11s) disposed around the spark plug (10) for cooling a gasket (10f) formed in a mounting hardware piece (13), the holes having an lateral bore-cooling hole (11a), and a lateral bore-cooling hole (11b) with the gasket (10f) therebetween. Each of the holes further has a multiple bore-cooling holes (11s) parallel to the center axis (10a) of the spark plug.

Abstract: A spark ignition engine includes a main combustion chamber configured to suction a mixture through an intake port, a pre-chamber configured to communicate with the main combustion chamber, an auxiliary cylinder configured to communicate with the main combustion chamber via the pre-chamber, an auxiliary intake passage connecting the auxiliary cylinder and the intake port, an auxiliary piston, and a spark plug configured to ignite the mixture in the pre-chamber. The auxiliary piston is configured to slidably reciprocate in the auxiliary cylinder such that the mixture is suctioned from the intake port via the auxiliary intake passage and the mixture is discharged to the main combustion chamber via the pre-chamber.

Abstract: A gasoline direct injection engine that has an injector directly injecting fuel into a combustion chamber, a spark plug, an intake valve, and an exhaust valve and generates power by reciprocating a piston in a cylinder, may include a cavity formed on a piston head and returning some flow of the fuel injected from the injector to the intake valve, and a channel formed around the cavity.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a flame glow plug having a combustion chamber which has an outlet opening for the flame, a fuel supply, in particular a blockable fuel supply, for the provision of a fuel flow to the combustion chamber, an air supply for the provision of an air flow to the combustion chamber and an ignition device, in particular an electrically operated heating element, which is arranged in the combustion chamber or which extends into the combustion chamber and which is made to ignite the air/fuel mixture arising from the provided fuel flow and the provided air flow. The air supply is made controllable in quantity to selectively operate the flame glow plug as a torch or as a secondary fuel injection apparatus. The invention furthermore relates to a regeneration apparatus for a particulate filter of an exhaust gas system, to an exhaust gas system for a combustion engine as well as to a method for the operation of a regeneration apparatus.

Abstract: A method of initiating combustion in an internal combustion engine that has a main chamber (5) of variable volume into which an ignitable mixture is introduced, an auxiliary chamber (10) opening out into the main chamber and a controlled valve unit (11, 14, 15) for putting the auxiliary chamber into communication with, or isolating it from, the main chamber. The method includes controlling the controlled valve to put the auxiliary chamber into communication with the main chamber during a period that includes the top dead center between the compression stage and the expansion stage. An engine is specially adapted to implement the method.

Abstract: Split cycle engine and method in which output power and power density are increased in some embodiments with a turbocharger or supercharger which increases the pressure in the compression cylinder and also increases the power output of the engine without a corresponding decrease in the efficiency of the engine (work done per unit fuel). In other embodiments, the engine is used for braking, and the energy produced by braking is stored pneumatically and then used in driving the compressor.

Abstract: Provided is a check valve structure capable of preventing soot accumulation in a check valve arranged in a pre-combustion chamber (4) due to incomplete combustion of fuel gas and preventing malfunction the check valve (6) for a gas engine having an pre-combust ion chamber with a spark plug. An arrangement for supplying fuel gas to the pre-combustion chamber (4) has a multiple bore-cooling holes (11s) disposed around the spark plug (10) for cooling a gasket (10f) formed, in a mounting hardware piece (13), the holes having an lateral bore-cooling hole (11a), and a lateral bore-cooling hole (11b) with the gasket (10f) therebetween. Each of the holes further has a multiple bore-cooling holes (11s) parallel to the center axis (10a) of the spark plug.