Abstract: A Stratified Charge Engine where the main combustion chamber is made into one part of the cylinder head is described. The main combustion chamber in this engine is smaller than in Pre-Mixture Combustion Engines. Other main features of this engines are direct fuel injection, installation of a squish area and prevention of combustion in the end-gas zone. The thermal load and the weight of the piston in this engine are lower than in normal Stratified Charge Engines with fuel jet impingement. The fuel jet is kept inside the main combustion chamber, resulting in an higher anti-knocking quality of this engine as compared to Pre-Mixture Combustion Engines.

Abstract: A gas delivery system for gas fuelled internal combustion engines, comprising a gas fuel delivery means for delivering a controlled amount of gaseous fuel to a region adjacent a source of ignition. The gas fuel delivery means comprises first and second delivery means for delivering gaseous fuel to a pre-combustion zone and a combustion zone respectively. Gas control means control the relative proportions of gaseous fuel delivered by the first and second delivery means respectively so that combustion in the combustion zone can be achieved with minimum gaseous fuel by initiating ignition of gaseous fuel in the pre-combustion zone. Thus, the fuel/air ratio within the combustion zone can be minimized (lean burn regime) without the onset of engine misfire.

Abstract: A combustion system for gas, non-dual-fuel engines utilizes a torch cell having a glow plug and a fuel injector. Pilot fuel is directed to the surface of the glow plug and main fuel is supplied to the torch cell. Reduced compression ratios are permitted, enabling use of low octane gaseous fuels and starting without assist from main chamber diesel operation.

Abstract: A piston and cylinder arrangment for an internal combustion engine designed to run on diesel and similar fuels, comprises a cylinder defining a main combustion chamber, a piston reciprocatable within said cylinder and having a thermally insulating plate on its upper surface, a cylinder head including a precombustion chamber, a fuel injector for injecting fuel into said precombustion chamber, and a thermally insulated block of material with high heat retention ability surrounding the precombustion chamber to maintain a high temperature a high temperature of at least about 500.degree. C. in the precombustion chamber and thereby facilitate fuel ignition at moderate compression ratios. A mass of material with high heat retention ability is mounted on the insulated surface of the piston so as to remain at a high temperature during running of the engine and facilitate the combustion process during the downward stroke of the piston.

Abstract: A pre-combustion chamber for internal combustion engine according to the present invention includes a cylindrical base portion having threads providing means for threadable engagement with a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine, and a plurality of cylindrical inlet ports having threads providing means for threadable engagement with a spark plug, a glow plug, a fuel injector and an air injector.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine fueled with a coal-water slurry is described. About 90 percent of the coal-water slurry charge utilized in the power cycle of the engine is directly injected into the main combustion chamber where it is ignited by a hot stream of combustion gases discharged from a pilot combustion chamber of a size less than about 10 percent of the total clearance volume of main combustion chamber with the piston at top dead center. The stream of hot combustion gases is provided by injecting less than about 10 percent of the total coal-water slurry charge into the pilot combustion chamber and using a portion of the air from the main combustion chamber that has been heated by the walls defining the pilot combustion chamber as the ignition source for the coal-water slurry injected into the pilot combustion chamber.

Abstract: A reciprocating internal combustion engine operates by drawing at least substantially only air into the cylinder during the suction stroke and, at the final phase of the compression stroke, injecting gaseous fuel into the cylinder under high pressure. At least part of the fuel is directed to a hot glow body stationarily arranged within the combustion chamber of the cylinder to cause ignition.

Abstract: A fuel-injection system for a stratified charge hybrid internal combustion engine including a main combustion chamber and prechamber, fuel injectors in both the main chamber and the prechamber which open at higher and lower pressure levels respectively to sequentially inject fuel into the prechamber and main chamber. The system also includes a timed-spark ignition means in the prechamber and an engine-driven and timed fuel injection pump having a variable output capacity which varies with the power level requirements, the injection pump being supplied by a low pressure charge pump.

Abstract: An air-assisted fuel injection applied in the two-stroke engine of flame-jet ignition type which a fuel pump and fuel pressure regulator valve establish stable fuel rail pressure. With respect to each cylinder, a pair of fuel injection electromagnetic valve inject fuel under this pressure. The injected fuel is not directly injected into the cylinder, but is blown into main combustion chamber in the cylinder and prechamber cavity in a torch-forming plug by high speed flowing air. The ignition is performed in such a manner that the pre-mixed fuel air mixture in the prechamber cavity is first ignited by a spark discharge to form specifically shaped flame jet which is injected from one or more orifices located on lower portion of the torch-forming plug so as to successively ignite the pre-mixed fuel air mixture in the main combustion chamber.

Abstract: The heat-insulating engine with swirl chamber of this invention injects fuel at a low pressure along the inner wall surface of swirl chambers having a heat-insulating structure by subsidiary nozzles opened and closed electrically, from the second half of an intake stroke to a compression stroke, and then injects mainly the fuel by main nozzles into the swirl chambers from the second half of the compression stroke to an expansion stroke. Atomization of the fuel from the subsidiary nozzles may be to such an extent that the fuel merely attaches to the wall surface; hence, the subsidiary nozzles can be of an accumulation type low pressure injection type. The fuel from the subsidiary nozzles is injected to the wall surface of the swirl chambers in the contact state so as to deprive the wall surface of the heat and thus to recover the heat.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a fuel injection system driven by compressor. The system is used in two-stroke gasoline engine, wherein high speed air flow is applied to assist in fuel atomization and injection. The system works in such a manner that a fuel pump and fuel pressure regulating valve establish stable fuel injection pressure and fuel is injected under this stable pressure by a main fuel injector and a sub-fuel injector. The fuel is not directly injected into the cylinder, but blown into main combustion chamber of the cylinder and pre-combustion chamber of a torch-forming plug by little amount of high speed air flow supplied from a small compressor synchroinzed with the engine in operation, the high speed air flow being distributed by a distributor to flow into air passages of the main fuel injector and sub-fuel injector for blowing the injected fuel.

Abstract: A diesel engine comprising a plurality of cylinders each having a precombustion chamber and a fuel injector. A first camshaft for driving intake valves and a second camshaft for driving exhaust valves are arranged on the cylinder head and extended in parallel to the longitudinal axis of the engine body. Each precombustion chamber and each fuel injector is arranged centrally between the first camshaft and the second camshaft.

Abstract: In a heat-insulating swirl chamber engine, subsidiary fuel is injected from subsidiary nozzles along the inner wall surfaces of swirl chambers of a heat-insulating structure from the second half of an intake stroke to the first half of a compression stroke, so that a lean mixture formed in the swirl chambers does not diffuse into cylinders, deterioration of hydrocarbon components can be prevented and moreover, since the fuel comes into contact with the wall surfaces of the swirl chambers, heat energy can be recovered from the wall surfaces.

Abstract: An improved combustion process for an internal combustion engine including cylinders provided with inlet and outlet valves as well as inlet and outlet ducts. During a suction stroke with the outlet valve closed, fuel is fed into the cylinder through separate feeding valve means for providing a lean fuel/air mixture in the cylinder; during a compression stroke a first additional charge of fuel is fed into the cylinder by use of a considerable over pressure for igniting the lean fuel/air mixture and after ignition of the fuel/air mixture a second additional charge of fuel is fed into the cylinder for increasing the effective mean pressure of the engine. The second additional charge of fuel comprises a substantial part, and for achieving maximum mean effective pressures the main part, of the fuel fed into the cylinder during a working cycle of the process.

Abstract: Hybrid step combustion system (HYSCOM) is available for four-stroke and two-stroke internal combustion engines. HYSCOM uses diesel and gasoline as fuels in operation. HYSCOM has a main combustion chamber and a prechamber in the separate combustion chamber structure or has only a main combustion chamber in the single region combustion chamber structure. HYSCOM includes one gasoline injector disposed in the intake manifold port and one diesel injector disposed in the prechamber in the separate combustion structure or disposed in the main combustion chamber in the single region combustion chamber structure. HYSCOM has two combustion modes. In the single fuel combustion mode, only air charge is introduced into the cylinder in the intake stroke. Near the end of compression stroke, a diesel injector supplies diesel fuel into the high temperature and pressure air charge in the combination chamber where it ignites.

Abstract: In a diesel engine with indirect injection, the precombustion chamber (18) and respective outflow duct (20) associated with each cylinder have a plane of symmetry which is tangential to the axis of the cylinder. In a preferred embodiment, the cylinder has an exhaust valve (13) whose axis (23) is near the plane of symmetry (21) of the precombustion chamber (18), and two inlet valves (8a, 9a) whose axes (24, 25) are arranged in a plane substantially parallel, or at any rate not greatly inclined, to the plane of symmetry (21) of the precombustion chamber (18).

Abstract: A multifuel hybrid heat engine having an internal combustion system and an external combustion system wherein a coaxial array of three tappet valves controls the expansion from the external combustion system to the internal combustion system and the drive of the common piston member which cooperates with a working cylinder and another cylinder coaxial therewith and received within the working cylinder. The piston member with its inner and outer pistons cooperates with these cylinders to define not only upper cylinder motors but also lower cylinder motors and air compressors for scavenging the air supply.

Abstract: A combustion chamber and method of operating a diesel engine to insure maximum air utilization. The engine has a main chamber and a subchamber that communicates with the main chamber through a communication passageway. Fuel injection into the subchamber is begun at a time when the throat area of the engine by which the main chamber communicates with the communication passageway is equivalent to approximately the effective flow area of the communication passageway so as to insure maximum air utilization.

Abstract: A cylinder head for air-compressing, self-ignition fuel-injection internal combustion engines has four valves per cylinder and an auxiliary combustion chamber between the inlet ducts of the inlet valves. In order to achieve a structurally stiff inclusion of the auxiliary combustion chamber in the cylinder head housing, the cylinder head top located between a coolant space and a control space is set at an angle in the transverse direction in such a way that the auxiliary combustion chambers are immediately adjacent to the cylinder head top and can be cast jointly with the cylinder head.

Abstract: Improved combustion chamber configurations for two-cycle engines with high pressure fuel injected systems having reciprocal pistons, cylinders with multiple injectors for each cylinder and a cylinder head liner with a chamber having a discoidal configuration that cooperates with a piston head structure to generate a toroidal, swirling, compressed air flow during compression strokes of the reciprocating piston.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine having at least one cylinder, each cylinder including an open chamber permanently connected with a separate chamber. A small portion of the fuel charge is injected in the separate chamber, where it vaporizes, mixes with air, the fuel-air mixture being electrically ignited. The remaining portion of the fuel charge is injected in the open chamber into the burning gases ejected from the separate chamber. Both fuel injections are achieved by the same injection pump. The fuel charge of the separate chamber is accumulated in the injector of this chamber during the fuel injection in the open chamber, and is injected in the separate chamber during the next cycle.

Abstract: High-compression spark-ignited stratified-charge fuel-injection reciprocating-piston engine in which the combustion chamber initial charge includes a discrete air-fuel stratum that is lean with fuel at low speed idle and progressively increased in fuel richness and volume until that stratum ultimately completely fills the chamber with a homogeneous air-fuel mixture using all of the intaken air to attain maximum power. The combustion process minimizes pollutive exhaust emissions.

Abstract: A low compression reciprocating internal combustion piston engine with a prechamber in the head connected to a main combustion chamber in the piston, the prechamber having an igniter, a pilot fuel injector and connecting lineal passage; the main chamber including a fuel injector for mixing the prechamber gases with the gases being compressed in the cylinder. The engine is a hybrid having transitional combustion modes from spark-ignited stratified charge mode at low power, to a spark-assisted compression ignition at higher power loads, and a strictly compression ignition mode at maximum power loads.

Abstract: For a combustion procedure for internal combustion engines, in which a fuair mixture mixed with back-fed exhaust gas is introduced into a combustion chamber, a highly-combustible fuel-air mixture without back-fed exhaust gas in introduced into at least one precombustion chamber, which is connected by means of at least one opening with the combustion chamber.

Abstract: A direct injection type internal combustion engine has a piston reciprocatably fitted in the bore of a cylinder block defining a combustion chamber together with the cylinder block and a cylinder head. A main recess is formed in the combustion chamber for accelerating the swirl of intake air which is prepared and introduced by an intake device. At least one auxiliary recess is formed in the main recess and is arranged in the direction of the intake air swirl and in the direction of the fuel injection of a fuel injector for generating a secondary swirl different from the intake air swirl and for generating turbulence between the two swirls. Thus, the introduction of air into the fuel droplets fed from the fuel injector is promoted by the intake air swirl and the secondary swirl so that the combustion efficiency of the internal combustion engine is improved.

Abstract: An apparatus for the injection of fuel into combustion chambers, in particular of self-igniting internal combustion engines, having an injection nozzle (10) and a subsequent glow body (20), which has a conduit (30) surrounded by heatable walls (26) and serving for the passage therethrough of the injected streams. At least one lateral opening (32) discharges into this conduit (30), the opening preferably communicating with a region (46) of the combustion chamber (36) remote from the core region of the ignition. The air aspirated through the lateral opening (32) warms up and enters into the peripheral zone of the injected streams, where the result is an air-fuel ratio and temperature conditions which are very favorable for ignition. Less heat energy is required to initiate the ignition than in the known apparatus of this general type.

Abstract: A fuel injection apparatus in which a closed fuel circuit is pressurized, and the amount of fuel injected is determined by the pressure in the circuit. Air intake by the engine is controlled in response to the amount of fuel injected. The fuel injection apparatus includes a reservoir with a fixed level of fuel, and a high pressure pump pumps fuel from the reservoir and into the fuel circuit. Fixed orifice injection nozzles communicate with the circuit so fuel is varied only by the pressure. Pressure in the circuit is varied by a valve that releases fuel into the reservoir to lower the pressure in the circuit, the valve being controlled by the conventional accelerator pedal. Air to the engine is modulated in response to fuel flow. This is accomplished by varying an air valve in accordance with pressure in the fuel circuit, or by using a constant velocity valve which would vary with engine demand.

Abstract: A control system for a compressor unit driven by a clean-burn, turbo-charged, gas-fueled engine which is primarily responsive to the load (torque) and the speed of the engine to adjust certain engine parameters to maintain the operating conditions of the engine within a desirable operating zone which is a compromise or "trade-off" between best fuel economy and permissible exhaust emission levels. A number of "maps" which correlate load (torque) at various speeds with specific fuel consumption and exhaust emissions are derived from available manufacturer's data and are programmed into a central processing unit (CPU).

Abstract: A compression-ignition internal combustion engine has a secondary combustion chamber in communication with the main combustion chamber via an injection passage extending from one end of the secondary chamber, and a fuel injection nozzle for injecting fuel into the secondary chamber from an opposite end thereof. The injection nozzle includes a pair of fuel discharge orifices having axes lying in mutually parallel relationship and are disposed for essentially bisecting the secondary chamber, and the injection passage has a length smaller than the diameter thereof.

Abstract: A spark-ignition type internal combustion engine having a precombustion chamber auxiliary to the variable volume space in the engine cylinder between the piston and cylinder head. Fuel injected into air in the chamber and fuel-laden air initially entering this chamber from the variable volume space, pursuant to the compression stroke of the piston, form a mixture compressed into a discrete reliably spark-ignitable air-fuel mass within a portion of the chamber where such mass envelops igniter electrodes. A vestibule portion of the chamber causes air, or air mixed with fuel in quantity determinative of engine power output, forced from said space to enter the chamber in a manner compressing and retaining the air-fuel mass in its enveloping relation with the electrodes until ignition occurs.

Abstract: A fuel supply system of an internal combustion engine for an automotive vehicle, comprising engine load detecting means operative to detect load on the internal combustion engine and to produce an output signal representative of the detected engine load; an electrically-operated fuel-injection nozzle assembly projecting into a combustion chamber of a power cylinder of the engine and operative to inject fuel into the combustion chamber; and an electric control unit electrically connected to the engine load detecting means and the fuel-injection nozzle assembly and operative to produce control signals to determine the durations of fuel injection and the fuel injection timings of the nozzle assembly on the basis of the signals, the fuel injection timings being determined to occur in the presence of a relatively low gas pressure in the combustion chamber.

Abstract: An engine has preferably coupled together a reciprocating air compressor discharging through a heat exchanger into a reciprocating cylinder piston combination, the flow into the piston cylinder combination being controlled by a cam-actuated inlet valve which is maintained open for a substantial fraction of the out-stroke of the combustion piston. There is also an exhaust valve from the combustion chamber which releases exhaust gas to the heat exchanger for transfer of thermal energy to the incoming compressed air. A fuel injector supplies fuel to the compressed air entering through the inlet valve into the combustion chamber over a large part of the out-stroke of the power piston.

Abstract: Internal combustion reciprocating-piston engine precombustion chamber in which a mass of air or of air mixed with selective amounts of fuel and a spark-ignitable air-fuel mass are relatively segregatively compressed with the latter mass enveloping spark electrodes preparatory to ignition. The chamber is provided by recessing the air intake valve of an engine cylinder into the air intake passage for that cylinder so the chamber forms a section of that passage between the valve and the variable volume space above the piston in the cylinder. Contaminant products of combustion residual in the precombustion chamber upon completion of each combustion stroke are, during the next air intake stroke, vented into the cylinder variable volume space where they become mixed with the fresh intake air and any fuel entrained therein and then forced with this air back into the chamber pursuant to the ensuing compression stroke to be recycled during the next combustion stroke.

Abstract: In an internal combustion engine a piston and a cylinder head defining a cylinder with a blind end thereatop are formed in a conical configuration. The piston compresses charges of an air/fuel mixture in the blind end of the cylinder, whereupon ignition of the fuel is initiated. Combustion of the fuel proceeds first from the region of ignition in the blind end of the cylinder and then along the interstitial space between the diverging conical walls of the cylinder head and piston. The expanding products of combustion squeeze the piston from the top and the sides, thereby transferring power smoothly and directly to the piston. The progress of combustion spreads equally both downwardly and radially outwardly from the axis of the piston, thereby providing an efficient transfer of power with a high fuel economy.

Abstract: A separately ignited internal combustion engine and/or an ignition chamber insert for insertion into the combustion wall of an internal combustion engine is proposed with an ignition chamber which is connected to the main combustion chamber via several overflow channels. The ignition chamber is composed of a forward section with a small, and a rear section with a large diameter into which a straight center electrode protrudes which is surrounded with an insulator in the manner of a common spark plug. The ignition takes place at the transition between the forward section and the rear section between ignition chamber wall and center electrode. The forward section of the ignition chamber is connectable to the main combustion chamber via first overflow channels which discharge tangentially into said forward section and via a second overflow channel discharging coaxially to the ignition chamber insert.

Abstract: A spark-ignition type internal combustion engine having a precombustion chamber auxiliary to the variable volume space in the engine cylinder between the piston and cylinder head. Fuel injected into air in the chamber and fuel-laden air initially entering this chamber from the variable volume space, pursuant to the compression stroke of the piston, form a mixture compressed into a discrete reliably spark-ignitable air-fuel mass within a portion of the chamber where such mass envelops igniter electrodes. A vestibule portion of the chamber causes air, or air mixed with fuel in quantity deterninative of engine power output, forced from said space to enter the chamber in a manner compressing and retaining the air-fuel mass in its enveloping relation with the electrodes until ignition occurs.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for combusting diesel, gasoline, kerosene, alcohol and other compression ignition fuels in either direct or indirect injection compression auto ignition internal combustion engines which enables such engines to operate at low compressions. The apparatus includes an ignition chamber which functions to receive a portion of the incoming fuel charge thereby concentrating such portion in an area separate from the auxiliary or primary combustion chambers.

Abstract: A device for supplying flash evaporated fuels directly to the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine includes a housing that is secured to the engine adjacent the combustion chamber and a liquid fuel holding chamber within the housing that is in direct heat exchange relationship with the combustion chamber so that the liquid fuel in the chamber is superheated while the engine is operating. Liquid fuel supplied to the device is drawn into the holding chamber during each intake event of the combustion chamber and is also withdrawn from the holding chamber during the intake event. The holding chamber retains a larger volume than is normally admitted during each intake event and the fuel is further heated by passing same through a restricted passageway that is also in direct heat exchange relationship with the combustion chamber.

Abstract: In accordance with the teachings of the present invention an internal combustion engine comprising at least a combustion chamber, a piston, a turbulence chamber provided inside the overhead cylinder above the piston, and an ignition device leading to the turbulence chamber is provided. The invention is characterized in that at least one channel provided at the base of the overhead cylinder, opens tangentially along the walls of the turbulence chamber. The channel has, at its origin, a width substantially equal to the diameter of the seat of the intake valve and narrows as it goes deeper in the direction of the turbulence chamber. This engine embodies an improvement of the Otto type engines.

Abstract: A precombustion chamber for a compression-ignition internal combustion engine is formed in a cylindrical metal insert seated in the cylinder head. The internal cavity of the insert has a central cylindrical part which at its end adjacent the combustion chamber is connected through a frusto-conical part to a cylindrical second part of reduced diameter, the axis of which is displaced relative to the axis of the central cylindrical part in the opposite direction to an end part which communicates with the combustion chamber. A fuel injector is inserted into an upper end part of the insert, coaxial with the central cylindrical part of the cavity. The configuration leads to a reduction in exhaust smoke.

Abstract: A catalytic combustion engine, each cylinder of which has a pre-combustion chamber communicating through an inclined transfer cylinder to produce swirl around the chamber, and has a pair of spaced parallel or nearly-parallel catalytic screen elements, e.g. gauzes, mounted to both the mouth of the transfer passage and the fuel injector nozzle, so as to be clear of the circumferential swirl path of the gas circulating in the chamber. The minimum spacing between the two catalytic screens should exceed the width of the mouth of the transfer passage. The injector injects a fuel spray between the two catalytic screens which preferably just brushes each screen and impinges on a heater plug. The compression ratio may be much lower than that for a conventional Diesel engine, for example down to 12:1.

Abstract: A combustion process for a stratified charge reciprocating internal combustion engine having a high pressure fuel injection system with two injectors discharging into the combustion chamber; the fuel from the first nozzle is ignited as it discharges and the heat from the burning fuel raises the temperature and pressure and chemically conditions the gas in the combustion chamber so fuel from the second injector is auto ignited as it is discharged into the combustion chamber. To provide the two injections of fuel, a simplified, electrically triggered, accumulator type multi-fuel injection system is preferred.

Abstract: In a four stroke cycle internal combustion engine, a combustion chamber is disposed above the cylinder head and is connected by a passage to the piston chamber. The piston at its top dead center almost contacts the cylinder head. Inlet and outlet valves and spark plug means are associated with the top portion of the combustion chamber. The injecting device protrudes into the combustion chamber and is upwardly directed. The combustion chamber is surrounded by another chamber, which communicates with the combustion chamber through slots, which open into the top portion of the combustion chamber. The lower portion of the surrounding chamber communicates through openings with the combustion chamber. The openings are smaller in cross-section than the slots so that the explosive gases flow from the combustion chamber into the surrounding chamber and flow back through the openings into the surrounding chamber. This results in turbulence and mixing as in a cyclone so that a good combustion is ensured.

Abstract: A compression-ignition type internal combustion engine comprising a combustion chamber and an accumulation chamber which are interconnected to each other via an accumulation valve. The opening operation of the accumulation valve is controlled so that the accumulation valve remains opened during the compression stroke. In the first half of the compression stroke, a jet of air is spouted into the combustion chamber from the accumulation chamber to create a strong swirl motion in the combustion chamber. In the latter half of the compression stroke, the air in the combustion chamber flows into the accumulation chamber where the air is accumulated under high pressure, which air is then spouted from the accumulation chamber into the combustion chamber at the next cycle.

Abstract: Precombustor 10 basically comprises electrostatic injector 12, combustion chamber 14, and glow plug 16. The precombustion chamber 14 basically comprises an injector port 40 for housing the electrostatic injector 12, an igniter port 42 for housing the glow plug 16, and a flow passage 44 substantially opposite the injector port 40 for conveying air into the precombustion chamber 14 and combusted gases out from the precombustion chamber 14. The combustion chamber 14 is enhanced by the incorporation of electrical insulation 46 and electrodes 48 along the interior wall of the precombustion chamber 14. The electrostatic fuel injector 12 basically comprises an electroconductive injector body 20 having at least one fuel inlet and at least one fuel outlet, means 22 and 23 for electrically insulating the injector body from the diesel engine, and a means 24 for charging the injector body in a range from about 10,000 to about 100,000 volts.

Abstract: An injector arrangement is disclosed in which liquid fuel in variable quantities is received within an injector chamber in a continuous flow. The admitted fuel is stored and intermixed with hot high-pressure burnt gases retained from previous combustion period for timed injection during or near the end of the compression stroke. During the intermixing period in the injector chamber preheated liquid fuel is partly or fully vaporized. Cam operated linkage is set up to hold over the injector in an open position until hot high-pressure burnt gases of combustion can re-enter the injector chamber for the next fuel charge preparation. A variable delivery liquid fuel pump provides for fuel quantity regulation according to torque output requirements. A tiny capillary passage at the entrance to the injector chamber provides the necessary flow restriction to obtain continuous fuel flow. Disclosed are two injectors of slightly different construction eliminating the need for return springs.

Abstract: A prechamber for an air-compressing injection internal combustion engine which includes an enlarged space portion in communication with the cylinder space by way of a channel-shaped space portion; fuel is injected into the enlarged space portion essentially in the direction of the channel-shaped space portion while a baffle member is provided in the enlarged space portion which has a surface curved in the direction toward the fuel jet; the bottom side of the baffle member or of the insert pin thereof is constructed at least within the area of the baffle member as guide surface for the in-flowing combustion air flowing into the enlarged space portion of the prechamber.

Abstract: An antechamber system Diesel engine including an antechamber consisting of a front chamber and a rear chamber and a communication port communicating said antechamber with a main combustion chamber wherein at least one of fuel injection ports of a fuel injection nozzle sprays the fuel in the direction of the communication port. The rear chamber is formed integrally with a cylinder head inside the same while the front chamber is formed on a sleeve member detachably fitted to the cylinder head. If desired, a short axis column-like groove is defined between the front chamber and the rear chamber.

Abstract: Stratified charge four-stroke-cycle internal combustion engine with fuel injection and spark-ignition of the type wherein stratification and initial combustion occurs in a combustion chamber auxiliary to the variable volume space in the engine cylinder between the piston and the cylinder head. Unique aspirating passage means communicating between the auxiliary chamber and the variable volume space conducts and causes air entering the chamber at one end, pursuant to the piston's compression stroke, to form a substantially non-turbulent air column rotating about the chamber axis and acretively compressed, by continued entry of air, toward and against the opposite end of the chamber. Fuel is injected into air initially in the chamber and that initially entering through the aspirating passage to mix with such air to form a spark-ignitable air-fuel mixture compressed against said other chamber end.

Abstract: Stratified charge four-stroke-cycle internal combustion engine with fuel injection and spark-ignition of the type wherein stratification and initial combustion occurs in a combustion chamber auxiliary to the variable volume space in the engine cylinder between the piston and the cylinder head. Unique aspirating passage means communicating between the auxiliary chamber and the variable volume space conducts and causes air entering the chamber at one end, pursuant to the piston's compression stroke, to form a substantially non-turbulent air column rotating about the chamber axis and acretively compressed, by continued entry of air, toward and against the opposite end of the chamber. Fuel is injected into air initially in the chamber and that initially entering through the aspirating passage to mix with such air to form a spark-ignitable air-fuel mixture compressed against said other chamber end.