Abstract: A method and system for igniting a lean fuel mixture in a main chamber of an internal combustion engine by igniting a rich air-fuel mixture in a pre-combustion chamber which is fuelled using a controlled valve. For a stable and consistent ignition of the main chamber and simultaneous reduction of emission of the internal combustion engine, a closed loop control adjusts the fuel amount and the fuelling time for the pre-combustion chamber in order to achieve a light off in an optimal time window and by sufficient ignition energy.

Abstract: Provided is a gas engine having a spark plug provided with a pre-combustion chamber and a check valve, the gas engine, in which the check valve is arranged in the neighborhood of the pre-combustion chamber, being capable of preventing adhesion of a solenoid controlled valve provided at an upstream side of the check valve due to soot accumulation, and dead volume in a fuel inlet passage. In a gas engine in which fuel gas is supplied to the pre-combustion chamber through the fuel gas inlet passage and the fuel gas supplied in the pre-combustion chamber is ignited by spark discharge at the spark plug that is fitted to a mounting hardware piece via a seat surface, a solenoid valve for performing open-close control of the fuel gas is provided, and a first check valve is also provided posterior to a discharge side of the solenoid valve so as to prevent back flow of the combustion gas from the pre-combustion chamber to the solenoid controlled valve.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine includes a main combustion chamber, an auxiliary combustion chamber, a partition wall that separates the main and auxiliary combustion chambers, a first igniter disposed in the auxiliary combustion chamber, a second igniter disposed in the main combustion chamber, and a controller electrically coupled to the first and second igniters. The auxiliary combustion chamber has a capacity smaller than that of the main combustion chamber. The partition wall includes a communication passage. The controller is adapted to send an auxiliary combustion chamber ignition timing signal to the first igniter and is adapted to send a main combustion chamber ignition timing signal to the second igniter. Further, the controller is adapted to send the auxiliary and main combustion chamber ignition timing signals such that, in response to at least one engine operating condition, ignition in the auxiliary combustion chamber occurs after ignition in the main combustion chamber.

Abstract: A gasoline direct injection engine that has an injector directly injecting fuel into a combustion chamber, a spark plug, an intake valve, and an exhaust valve and generates power by reciprocating a piston in a cylinder, may include a cavity formed on a piston head and returning some flow of the fuel injected from the injector to the intake valve, and a channel formed around the cavity.

Abstract: A process is provided for enhancing homogeneous combustion and improving ignition in rotary and reciprocating piston IC engines. Physical embodiments supporting this process have secondary chambers embedded in the cylinder periphery to initiate radical ignition (“RI”) species generation in an earlier cycle for use in the main chamber combustion of a later cycle. These communicate with the main chamber via small conduits. Coordinated with the progressions facilitated by these secondary chambers are novel control measures for regulating the quantities of RI species ultimately generated for and conveyed to the later cycle. The pre-determinable presence of RI species so supplied then alters or adds controlled variety to the dominant chain-initiation reactions of the main combustion ignition mechanism of the later cycle. This presence does so by lowering both the heat and the fuel ratios required for starting and sustaining combustion.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of initiating combustion in an internal combustion engine that comprises a main chamber (5) of variable volume into which an ignitable mixture is introduced, an auxiliary chamber (10) opening out into the main chamber and a controlled means (11, 14, 15) for putting the auxiliary chamber into communication with the main chamber, or for isolating it therefrom. The method includes the step of controlling the controlled means to put the auxiliary chamber into communication with the main chamber during a period that includes the top dead center between the compression stage and the expansion stage. The invention also provides an engine specially adapted to implement the method of the invention.

Abstract: The invention relates to an invention combustion engine comprising a cylinder head (1) with at least one inlet port (4) and at least one injection device (6) per cylinder (2), which extends into the combustion chamber. In order to reduce wear of the injection device while preventing depositions in the region of the injector pocket, the top wall (22) of the combustion chamber is provided with an injector pocket (7) in the area of the mouth (6a) of the injection device (6). Preferably, at least one scavenging duct arrangement (10) extends into the injector pocket (7).

Abstract: The present invention provides a diesel engine and methods and apparatus for premixing diesel fuel and oxidant for combustion. The methods and apparatus may include a two stage vortex, each stage accommodating different flow rate ranges. The vortex pulverizes diesel fuel and optimally mixes the diesel fuel with an oxidant prior to introduction into a combustion chamber. The premixing results in more complete combustion and, consequently, fuel efficiency is increased and pollution is decreased.

Abstract: A process is provided for enhancing homogeneous combustion and improving ignition in rotary and reciprocating piston IC engines. Physical embodiments supporting this process have secondary chambers embedded in the cylinder periphery to initiate radical ignition (“RI”) species generation in an earlier cycle for use in the main chamber combustion of a later cycle. These communicate with the main chamber via small conduits. Coordinated with the progressions facilitated by these secondary chambers are novel control measures for regulating the quantities of RI species ultimately generated for and conveyed to the later cycle. The pre-determinable presence of RI species so supplied then alters or adds controlled variety to the dominant chain-initiation reactions of the main combustion ignition mechanism of the later cycle. This presence does so by lowering both the heat and the fuel ratios required for starting and sustaining combustion.

Abstract: A cylinder head for an internal combustion engine wherein intake openings to the cylinder are partly surrounded by a mask formed by a material projection of the top face of the combustion chamber, a contour of the mask having a flat main section of maximum height between an ascending and descending flank and being asymmetrical in a developed view.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine, including a main combustion chamber serving as a main combustion chamber, an auxiliary combustion chamber adjacent to the main combustion chamber and smaller in capacity than the main combustion chamber, and a partition wall between the main combustion chamber and the auxiliary combustion chamber, the partition wall including an injection hole by which the main combustion chamber and the auxiliary combustion chamber communicate. A fuel supply device supplies fuel to the main combustion chamber and the auxiliary combustion chamber. A mixture forming device forms a mixture of air and the supplied fuel in the main combustion chamber, away from the partition wall before ignition. An ignition device ignites the fuel in the auxiliary combustion chamber, propelling an ejecting torch flame into the mixture of air and fuel in the main combustion chamber through the injection hole, thereby burning the mixture of air and fuel in the main combustion chamber.

Abstract: A method and system for providing pilot fuel for a pilot ignition system of an internal combustion engine having one or more cylinders and having a lubrication system. A portion of the lubricating oil is diverted from the lubricating system. During the pilot ignition phase of the engine combustion cycle, the diverted lubricating oil is injected into the one or more cylinders.

Abstract: The invention relates to a spark-ignition engine with a highly structural compression ratio greater than 15:1, throttle regulation, externally supplied ignition and with direct fuel injection into a precombustion chamber, which is connected to the main combustion chamber via an overflow channel. The fuel is injected into the precombustion chamber during the compression stroke and is ignited by a spark plug located in a manner that is as central as possible. The invention relates to a spark-ignition engine with a highly structural compression ratio greater than 15:1, throttle regulation, externally supplied ignition and with direct fuel injection into a precombustion chamber, which is connected to the main combustion chamber via an overflow channel. The fuel is injected into the precombustion chamber during the compression stroke and is ignited by a spark plug located in a manner that is as central as possible.

Abstract: A process is provided for enhancing homogeneous combustion and improving ignition in rotary and reciprocating piston IC engines. Physical embodiments supporting this process have secondary chambers embedded in the cylinder periphery to initiate radical ignition (“RI”) species generation in an earlier cycle for use in the main chamber combustion of a later cycle. These communicate with the main chamber via small conduits. Coordinated with the progressions facilitated by these secondary chambers are novel control measures for regulating the quantities of RI species ultimately generated for and conveyed to the later cycle. The pre-determinable presence of RI species so supplied then alters or adds controlled variety to the dominant chain-initiation reactions of the main combustion ignition mechanism of the later cycle. This presence does so by lowering both the heat and the fuel ratios required for starting and sustaining combustion.

Abstract: A pre-combustion chamber for an engine is made more simply removable from the cylinder head by integrating the chamber design and not threading the assembly to the head. The assembly is provided as an integrated design using a seal that helps dissipate heat from the spark plug and a cover that is held down by flange bolts that extend into threaded bores into the head in a location more removed from the heat generated in the chamber. As a result the chamber is more simply installed and removed without damage to the head.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine includes a main combustion chamber, an auxiliary combustion chamber, a fuel reforming unit, and a control unit. The auxiliary combustion chamber is configured and arranged to communicate with the main combustion chamber. The fuel reforming unit is configured and arranged to reform a fuel to produce a reformed gaseous fuel and a reformed liquid fuel. The control unit is configured to execute control such that the reformed gaseous fuel is supplied to the auxiliary combustion chamber when a first operating condition exists and the reformed liquid fuel is supplied to the main combustion chamber when a second operating condition exists.

Abstract: A gasoline engine is provided which is capable of introducing a large amount of EGR gas for performing homogeneous combustion and thus offering a good fuel economy. An external EGR mechanism or an internal EGR mechanism is used to introduce an EGR gas into a combustion chamber (a cylinder). A mixture of fresh air and fuel is thereafter directly injected from a mixture injection valve into the combustion chamber, thereby forming a region of said mixture in an area near an ignition plug. In addition, engine operating parameters are controlled in accordance with the amount of fresh air supplied into the combustion chamber (cylinder) after an intake valve has been closed. This makes possible homogeneous combustion using a large amount of EGR, which eventually increases fuel economy.

Abstract: The disclosure concerns an internal combustion engine with controlled ignition having at least a combustion chamber (4), means (8, 18) for injection of fuel or an air-fuel mixture into the combustion chamber (4), ignition means (7) to generate an ignition of the air-fuel mixture in the combustion chamber (4), the ignition means (7) comprising a spark generator (13) arranged in a precombustion chamber (1) delimited by a wall (12), the precombustion chamber (1) communicating with the combustion chamber (4) through at least a port (5) formed in the wall (12), wherein the means (8, 18) for injection are adapted to inject the fuel into the combustion chamber (4) at a pressure of at least 250 bar such as to create an air fuel mixture and to make it easier for a part of this mixture to penetrate inside the precombustion chamber (1).

Abstract: An igniter for ignition over a wide air/fuel ratio range. Igniter includes an igniter body including an internal cavity disposed substantially within the igniter body, an internal spark gap disposed substantially within the internal cavity, an external spark gap disposed substantially on an exposed surface of the igniter body, and a fuel charge delivery system for delivering a fuel charge to the internal cavity.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to enable the reliable compression ignition from starting of a pilot oil ignition gas engine in whose cylinder head there is provided a precombustion chamber unit with pilot injection valve that has liquid fuel injection valves and a precombustion chamber by using the injection of pilot oil from the liquid fuel injection valves, and to thereby allow the engine to be started smoothly. The position of a fuel rack (fuel control rod) that controls the discharge quantity of fuel injection pumps that feed pilot oil to the liquid fuel injection valves is controlled by a control apparatus via a rack control actuator (a position control actuator). In addition, the control apparatus counts the engine speed from pulses generated by a speed sensor and, in a region where the engine speed is low, sets the discharge quantity of the fuel injection pumps to a large quantity.

Abstract: In an inclined engine where a cylinder (2) projects from a crank case (1) obliquely and upwardly, when seen in a direction parallel to a center axis (3) of a crank shaft (10), under a specific observation condition in which the cylinder projecting direction is deemed as an upper right side, a valve operating cam gear (5) meshes with a crank gear (4) from a horizontal right side of the latter and a governor gear (6) is arranged in a space defined below a portion where the valve operating cam gear (5) meshes with the crank gear (4). This governor gear (6) engages with the valve operating cam gear (5) from a lower left side of the latter.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine is adapted for operation with homogeneous combustion and compression ignition. The engine includes plural cylinders with the piston in each cylinder defining the main combustion chamber and connected to a crankshaft for reciprocating motion rotatably driving the crankshaft. An auxiliary combustion chamber and an inlet passage are formed in the engine head for each of the cylinders with a control valve for controlling communication between the main combustion chamber and the auxiliary combustion chamber and an inlet valve for controlling communication between the main combustion chamber and the inlet passage. The inlet valve is driven with rotation of the crankshaft, while the drive for the combustion control valve is independent of angular position of the crankshaft and has its own controller for timing its opening and closing to provide controlled homogeneous combustion.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine is adapted for operation with homogeneous combustion and compression ignition. The engine includes plural cylinders with the piston in each cylinder defining the main combustion chamber and connected to a crankshaft for reciprocating motion rotatably driving the crankshaft. An auxiliary combustion chamber and an inlet passage are formed in the engine head for each of the cylinders with a control valve for controlling communication between the main combustion chamber and the auxiliary combustion chamber and an inlet valve for controlling communication between the main combustion chamber and the inlet passage. The inlet valve is driven with rotation of the crankshaft, while the drive for the combustion control valve is independent of angular position of the crankshaft and has its own controller for timing its opening and closing to provide controlled homogeneous combustion.

Abstract: The present invention aims to allow an arbitrary selection to be made between gas operation and diesel operation, to achieve a reduction in NOx even when in diesel operation, to allow the compression ratio to be adjusted and altered in accordance with the operating state when in gas operation, to allow quick starting, and to perform operations at a high combustion efficiency over the entire load range. The dual fuel engine of the present invention is provided with a precombustion chamber unit, which is located in the cylinder head of the dual fuel engine, having a precombustion chamber and an electromagnetic fuel injection valve (a liquid fuel injection valve) and also with a compression ratio control valve. The compression ratio control valve opens and closes an air passage that connects the main combustion chamber with an intake port.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to enable the reliable compression ignition from starting of a pilot oil ignition gas engine in whose cylinder head there is provided a precombustion chamber unit with pilot injection valve that has liquid fuel injection valves and a precombustion chamber by using the injection of pilot oil from the liquid fuel injection valves, and to thereby allow the engine to be started smoothly. The position of a fuel rack (fuel control rod) that controls the discharge quantity of fuel injection pumps that feed pilot oil to the liquid fuel injection valves is controlled by a control apparatus via a rack control actuator (a position control actuator). In addition, the control apparatus counts the engine speed from pulses generated by a speed sensor and, in a region where the engine speed is low, sets the discharge quantity of the fuel injection pumps to a large quantity.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine includes a compression chamber that is delimited by fixed housing walls and a movable piston mounted therein, and a porous component that fills the combustion chamber, which is separate from the compression chamber. The combustion of fuel and air takes place exclusively within the porous component. The compression chamber is connected to the combustion chamber only via an overflow cross-section designed to allow the transfer of combustion gases created during combustion from the combustion chamber into the compression chamber.

Abstract: The present invention aims to allow an arbitrary selection to be made between gas operation and diesel operation, to achieve a reduction in NOx even when in diesel operation, to allow the compression ratio to be adjusted and altered in accordance with the operating state when in gas operation, to allow quick starting, and to perform operations at a high combustion efficiency over the entire load range. The dual fuel engine of the present invention is provided with a precombustion chamber unit, which is located in the cylinder head of the dual fuel engine, having a precombustion chamber and an electromagnetic fuel injection valve (a liquid fuel injection valve) and also with a compression ratio control valve. The compression ratio control valve opens and closes an air passage that connects the main combustion chamber with an intake port.

Abstract: A power system includes an internal combustion engine having a primary combustion chamber and a secondary combustion chamber, a first fuel being supplied to the primary combustion chamber, a second fuel being burned in the secondary combustion chamber so as to ignite the first fuel; a reformer that reforms a fuel by a dehydrocyclization reaction to generate an aromatic-rich high-octane-value liquid fuel together with a hydrogen-rich gaseous fuel; a gas/liquid separator that separates the liquid fuel from the gaseous fuel; and devices for respectively supplying the liquid fuel as the first fuel to the primary combustion chamber and the gaseous fuel as the second fuel to the secondary combustion chamber. Thus, the power system improves the combustion efficiency of the internal combustion engine.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to the field of homogeneous charge compression engines. In these engines, fuel is injected upstream or directly into the cylinder when the power piston is relatively close to its bottom dead center position. The fuel mixes with air in the cylinder as the power piston advances to create a relatively lean homogeneous mixture that preferably ignites when the power piston is relatively close to the top dead center position. However, if the ignition event occurs either earlier or later than desired, lowered performance, engine misfire, or even engine damage, can result. Thus, the present invention divides the homogeneous charge between a controlled volume higher compression space and a lower compression space to better control the start of ignition.

Abstract: A reversible heat, constant pressure 2-cycle engine that takes ambient air and heats it up before mixing it with fuel, so that even a very lean mixture of air and fuel is highly combustible, to provide increased fuel economy and decreased fuel consumption when compared to conventional 4-stroke engines. Once a power stroke occurs with the very lean mixture, exhausted hot gases are directed to a turbine wheel. After work is taken from the hot gases and they are no longer combustible, they are returned to the atmosphere at ambient temperature. Also, the two-cycle present invention engine has a power stroke every revolution, instead of every other revolution as in conventional 4-stroke engines, which allows the present invention to be smaller in size while producing twice the power of conventional 4-stroke engines. No valve springs, camshafts, high-pressure fuel pumps, radiators, distributors, or mufflers are required with the present invention engine.

Abstract: A self-igniting, mixture-compressing internal combustion engine for fuel gas includes a cylinder including a cylinder head (5); an insert (1) operably engaged with the cylinder head (5); a main combustion space (7) in the cylinder; and a prechamber (4) in the insert (1). A low-pressure fuel line is connected to the main combustion space (7). A nozzle (10) is at least partially disposed in the insert (1). The nozzle (10) is operably connected to a high-pressure fuel line. The nozzle (10) is used to inject fuel gas into the prechamber (4). At least one injection opening (6) for connects the prechamber (4) to the main combustion space (7) and passes the fuel gas from the prechamber (4) to the main combustion space (7).

Abstract: The invention relates to an internal combustion engine comprising a compression chamber (3) that is delimited by fixed housing walls (1, 2) and a movable piston (5) mounted therein, and a porous component (4) that fills the combustion chamber (6), which is separate from the compression chamber (3). The combustion of fuel and air takes place exclusively within the porous component (4). The compression chamber (3) is connected to the combustion chamber (6) only via an overflow cross-section (8) designed to allow the transfer of combustion gases created during combustion from the combustion chamber (6) into the compression chamber (3).

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to the field of homogeneous charge compression engines. In these engines, fuel is injected upstream or directly into the cylinder when the power piston is relatively close to its bottom dead center position. The fuel mixes with air in the cylinder as the power piston advances to create a relatively lean homogeneous mixture that preferably ignites when the power piston is relatively close to the top dead center position. However, if the ignition event occurs either earlier or later than desired, lowered performance, engine misfire, or even engine damage, can result. Thus, the present invention divides the homogeneous charge between a controlled volume higher compression space and a lower compression space to better control the start of ignition.

Abstract: In a direct injection internal combustion engine having per cylinder at least two intake valves 1 mounted side by side, at least one exhaust valve 2, a more or less coaxial ignition device 3, an injection valve 4, and a piston 5 with combustion chamber trough 6, the injection valve 4 being mounted on the intake side, improved mixture preparation and combustion characterized by low fuel consumption and low exhaust emissions are achieved by mounting,the center of the combustion chamber trough 6 in the piston 5 noticeably displaced relative to the axis of the cylinder in the direction of at least one exhaust valve 2, and are achieved in that the boundary wall 7 of the combustion chamber trough 6 extends in projection along the axis of the cylinder between the ignition device 3 and injection valve 4.

Abstract: A reciprocating machine includes a housing (12) and piston means (20) that are cyclically relatively displaceable along an axis (11) to define a variable volume working chamber (50). There is further provided air inlet means and fuel inlet means (100) admitting air and fuel to the working chamber for forming an ignitable mixture after compression of the air therein, and means to exhaust combustion products from the working chamber. The variable volume working chamber (50) includes at least two sub-chambers, a combustion chamber (54) and a main chamber (52) mutually displaced on the axis (11) and in communication at a cross section (53) at which gas in the combustion chamber (54) may expand at least partially laterally as it flows from the combustion chamber (54) into the main chamber (52). The air admission means, the exhaust means and the chambers (52, 54) are arranged so that a swirl of gas is generated and maintained about the axis (11) in both chambers (52, 54) during operation of the machine.

Abstract: A hybrid air engine includes an engine block, a head with at least one precombustion chamber (head), at least one intake injector, at least one exhaust valve, a routing manifold, and an engine control module. The at least one intake injector, and the at least one exhaust valve are retained by the head. The precombustion chamber formed in the head includes a spark plug and a precombustion injector. A source of compressed air and a source for fuel is supplied to the routing manifold. The routing manifold directs the flow of the compressed air and fuel to the at least one intake injector and at least one precombustion injector. The engine control module controls the operation of the at least one intake injector, at least one exhaust valve, and other engine components.

Abstract: An internal combustion-engined tool including a piston and a combustion chamber (1) for generating power for driving the piston and having a bottom (3) adapted to receive the piston plate (9), an end wall (17) located opposite the bottom (3), a movable wall (14) located between the bottom (3) and the end wall (17) and provided with an opening element (14a), a movable separation wall (18) located between the bottom (3) and the movable wall (14) and provided with a plurality of openings (38), and an arrangement (42, 43) for injecting fuel gas into a space formed between the end wall and the movable wall upon the movable wall (14) and the separation wall (18) being displaceable in a direction of the bottom (3) upon collapsing of the combustion chamber (1).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a combined engine which receives a drive output by means of supplying and combusting at least one fuel selected from among a gas fuel and a liquid fuel. The engine according to the present invention comprises: a main combustion chamber (1) which comprises a piston (3), a cylinder (2) and a cylinder head (4); a precombustion chamber (10) equipped with a spark plug, which serves as an ignition source for a fuel-air mixture comprising air and gas fuel within the main combustion chamber; and a liquid fuel injection valve (30) for injecting liquid fuel into the main combustion chamber; wherein, the precombustion chamber and liquid fuel injection valve are provided in the cylinder head.

Abstract: A two or four stroke valve engine including at least one cylinder (3) within which a piston (4) moves and which receives an air-fuel mixture via at least one induction or intake duct (16). For the combustion products, at least one exhaust duct (17) is operationally connected to the cylinder. The intake duct (16) and the exhaust duct (17) each are provided with at least one respective valve member (18, 19) subjected to an operator device (25, 26) to open it during the use of the engine, and a closure device (28) retuning the valve member (18, 19) into the position in which it closes the respective duct (16, 17). The valve members (18, 19) are positioned to the side of the cylinder (3) and intercept apertures (16A, 17A) of the respective ducts (16, 17), which open into at least one mixing chamber (13) positioned to the side of the cylinder (3) and communicating with it. At least in correspondence with the chamber (13), an ignition device (8) for the mixture present in it is provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a lean combustion gas engine which receives a drive output by means of supplying and combusting gas fuel in a main combustion chamber. The lean combustion engine of the present invention comprises: a main combustion chamber (1) which is surrounded by a piston (3), a cylinder (2) and a cylinder head (4); a precombustion chamber (30) equipped with a pilot fuel injection valve; and a spark plug (11) which serves as an ignition source for the fuel-air mixture within the main combustion chamber; wherein, the spark plug and pilot fuel injection valve-equipped precombustion chamber are provided in said cylinder head.

Abstract: Process for ensuring the mixing of a predetermined quantity of liquid or gaseous fuel with the air that is contained in a pre-chamber with one end that is open toward cylinders of an alternative internal-combustion engine, as well as the ignition of the mixture with the fuel being injected axially from closed end of the pre-chamber by an injector that is actuated by a predefined surplus of pressure compared to that which is present in the pre-chamber itself, the injection is a accomplished during the terminal phase of the compression half-cycle, whereby the injector and surplus are such as to ensure the fuel jet which is injected is completely evaporated and/or mixed with the air that is contained in the pre-chamber at the moment when it reaches the open end of the pre-chamber and which, during its translation motion, mixes with the above-mentioned air according to mixture richness values that can be represented by a predetermined curve that rises from injection point (A) towards center (C) of the open-end of

Abstract: An injection device for an internal combustion engine, especially a diesel engine, with a combustion chamber (16) for each defined by piston (2), cylinder and cylinder head (1), a multi-hole injection nozzle (5) and a shroud (3) projecting from the cylinder head (1) into the combustion chamber (16) and surrounding the nozzle (5) in such a way that a precombustion chamber is formed between shroud (3) and piston (2) at TDC, and a combustion process for an internal combustion engine, especially for a diesel engine, with an injection device as described hereinabove, wherein combined direct and swirl-chamber injection takes place in the vicinity of TDC.

Abstract: A reciprocating piston engine which is selectively operable in either a gas operation mode with a gaseous fuel or a diesel operation mode with a liquid fuel includes a main combustion chamber which has an inlet for receiving gas and/or air, an injection device and an outlet. At least one precombustion chamber is connected to the main combustion chamber by at least one precombustion chamber output that opens into said main combustion chamber. Each precombustion chamber has an applied-ignition device for igniting the contents of the precombustion chamber during gas operation. An optimization of exhaust gas values, particularly of the NO.sub.x concentrations, is attained by the applied-ignition device and a separate gas line for supplying the precombustion chamber with gas, thereby allowing a leaner fuel mixture to be used in the main combustion chamber.

Abstract: To minimize an increase in friction during the compression stroke, a part of the force to compress the air in the main combustion chamber is stored as a spring force to prevent an excess rise of compressed air pressure in the main combustion chamber and to keep low the pressure difference between the main combustion chamber and the pre-combustion chamber. The spring force stored in the spring is recovered as a work during the power stroke to reduce the energy that is used in the form of friction and heat, thereby improving the utilization of air in the main combustion chamber, increasing the combustion speed in the main combustion chamber, shortening the combustion period. By applying the spring force stored in the spring to the piston as a work, the fuel cost is reduced.

Abstract: A gas engine with electronically controlled and/or regulated injection of relatively small quantities of injection oil in such a way as to improve the metering accuracy of the injection oil quantity, the flexibility with which the required ignition oil quantity is provided and the ability to freely preset the timing of ignition oil injection. The engine comprises a separate electronically controllable injection system for each cylinder including at least one ignition oil injection device 13 connected via an injection line 14 to a separate ignition oil hydraulic pump 16 which is in fluid communication with a pressure accumulator 15. An electronically controllable switching device 19 associated with the injection device 13 is electronically connected to an engine control device 20 that controls, regulates and monitors the ignition oil injection.

Abstract: Disclosed is an internal combustion engine (20) having a combustion chamber (36), a pre-combustion chamber (38) communicating with the combustion chamber (36), injection means (70) located and arranged to periodically deliver controlled amounts of fuel and air into the pre-combustion chamber (38) in a manner and orientation to direct a fuel spray to pass through the pre-combustion chamber (38) into the combustion chamber (36), and ignition means (63) positioned relative to the pre-combustion chamber (38) and operably arranged to ignite the fuel spray.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an internal combustion engine comprising a cylinder block, a cylinder, an exhaust port, an inlet port, and a cylinder head fixed to the cylinder block including a recess, a spark plug fixed in the cylinder head along an axis located in a plane bisecting the inlet port and the exhaust port and extending at an acute angle to the cylinder axis, a fuel injector fixed in the cylinder head between the cylinder axis and the inlet side and along an axis located in the bisecting plane and extending in parallel and offset relation to the cylinder axis in the direction from the inlet port to the exhaust port, and a piston moveably axially in the cylinder and comprising an outer surface extending in opposing relation to the cylinder head and including a deflector extending diametrically from and between the cylindrical wall in transverse relation to the plane bisecting the inlet port and the exhaust port and including a centrally located raised crown having therein an axially inwardly extending bowl,

Abstract: A Stratified Charge Engine where the main combustion chamber is made into one part of the cylinder head is described. The main combustion chamber in this engine is smaller than in Pre-Mixture Combustion Engines. Other main features of this engines are direct and simultaneous air/fuel injection, installation of a squish area and prevention of combustion in the end-gas zone. The thermal load and the weight of the piston in this engine are lower than in normal Stratified Charge Engines with fuel jet impingement. The fuel jet is kept inside the main combustion chamber, resulting in an higher anti-knocking quality of this engine as compared to Pre-Mixture Combustion Engines.

Abstract: In an internal combustion engine with direct fuel injection having a piston disposed in a cylinder and a cylinder head which together define a combustion chamber, wherein a fuel injector is mounted in the cylinder head so as to inject fuel into the combustion chamber in a conical pattern whereby the fuel is mixed with combustion air to form a combustible mixture, the cylinder head has a shape around the conical fuel pattern which aids in providing combustible fuel/air mixture at least in an area adjacent the conical fuel pattern where a spark plug with electrodes is mounted such that its electrodes are disposed outside the conical fuel pattern.

Abstract: A diesel engine having an auxiliary combustion chamber which includes a cylindrical auxiliary combustion chamber, which is vertically formed in the center part of the cylinder head so as to be able to communicate with a main combustion chamber; a fuel injection device, mounted above the auxiliary combustion chamber of the cylinder head and which injects fuel into the auxiliary combustion chamber; and a piston, having a protrusion part, protruding to a fixed height in the center and upper part of the piston and of slightly tapered shape so that a communicating hole of the auxiliary combustion chamber, which communicates with the main combustion chasmber, can be opened and closed.