Abstract: Disclosed is a dual-phase steel sheet having low yield ratio, excellent in the balance for strength-elongation and for strength-stretch flange formability, and also excellent in bake hardening property containing (on the mass % basis). C: 0.01-0.20%, Si: 0.5% or less, Mn: 0.5-3%, sol.Al: 0.06% or less (inclusive 0%), P: 0.15% or less (exclusive 0%), and S: 0.02% or less (inclusive 0?), and in which the matrix phase contains tempered martensite; tempered martensite and ferrite; tempered bainite; or tempered bainite and ferrite, and the second phase comprises 1 to 30% of martensite at an area ratio based on the entire structure.

Abstract: The present invention provides a high-strength steel plate having excellent resistance to cutting crack, excellent Charpy absorbed energy, excellent DWTT properties, a low yield ratio, and a tensile strength of 900 MPa or more, a method of producing the steel plate, and a high-strength steel pipe using the steel plate. As solving means, a steel plate contains, by % by mass, 0.03 to 0.12% of C, 0.01 to 0.5% of Si, 1.5 to 3% of Mn, 0.01 to 0.08% of Al, 0.01 to 0.08% of Nb, 0.005 to 0.025% of Ti, 0.001 to 0.01% of N, and at least one component of 0.01 to 2% of Cu, 0.01 to 3% of Ni, 0.01 to 1% of Cr, 0.01 to 1% of Mo, and 0.01 to 0.1% of V; wherein the contents of Ca, O, and S satisfy the equation below; the microstructure includes ferrite and a second hard phase, the area fraction of ferrite being 10 to 50%; cementite in the second phase has an average grin size of 0.5 ?m or less; and the total amount of Nb and the like contained in carbides thereof present in steel is 10% or less of the total content in steel.

Abstract: An inexpensive metallic material for interconnects of solid-oxide fuel cells, a fuel cell using the metallic material, and a method for producing the metallic material having excellent oxidation resistance and spalling resistance of an oxide layer, high electrical conductivity, and a small difference in thermal expansion from an electrolyte. Specifically, 0.20 percent by mass or less of C, 0.02 to 1.0 percent by mass of Si, 2.0 percent by mass or less of Mn, 10 to 40 percent by mass of Cr, 0.03 to 5.0 percent by mass of Mo, 0.1 to 3.0 percent by mass of Nb, and at least one element selected from the group consisting of Sc, Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Zr, and Hf in a total of 1.0 percent by mass or less are added so as to satisfy 0.1?Mo/Nb?30, for decreasing the growth rate of the oxide layer and improving the spalling resistance.

Abstract: A hot-rolled steel strip having superior low temperature toughness and weldability, which is suitably used as a starting material for high strength electric resistance welding pipe, is provided at a low cost without constructing new production facilities and increasing cost. The hot-rolled steel strip is low carbon steel containing at least one of about 0.5.% or less of Cu, about 0.5% or less of Ni, and about 0.5% or less of Mo, wherein Pcm represented by the following equation (1) is 0.17 or less: Pcm=(% C)+(% Si)/30+((% Mn)+(% Cu))/20+(% Ni)/60+(% Mo)/7+(% V)/10??Equation (1), (where (% M) indicates the content of element M on a mass percent basis), and the balance includes Fe and incidental impurities. In addition, in the entire microstructure, the ratio of bainitic ferrite, which is a primary phase, is controlled to be about 95 percent by volume or more.

Abstract: Accordingly to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a high tensile strength, refractory steel can be provided which comprises, in mass %, approximately C: 0.04 to 0.14%, Si: 0.50% or less, Mn: 0.50 to 2.00%, P: 0.020% or less, S: 0.010% or less, Nb: 0.01 to 0.05%, Mo: 0.30% or more and less than 0.70%, Al: 0.060% or less, N: 0.0010 to 0.0060%, and the balance consisting of iron and unavoidable impurities. For example, a weld crack sensitive composition PCM can be defined by the following equation may be about 0.25% or less: PCM=C+Si/30+Mn/20+Cu/20+Ni/60+Cr/20+Mo/15+V/10+5B. An area fraction of polygonal ferrite or pseudo polygonal ferrite in a ¼ thick position in the plate thickness direction of the steel plate of the final rolling product is about 10% or less.

Abstract: A martensitic alloy in which the ASTM grain size number is at least 5, including (wt. %) up to about 0.5% C, at least about 5% Cr, at least about 0.5% Ni, up to about 15% Co, up to about 8% Cu, up to about 8% Mn, up to about 4% Si, up to about 6% (Mo+W), up to about 1.5% Ti, up to about 3% V, up to about 0.5% Al, and at least about 40% Fe.

Abstract: Disclosed is a steel sheet including 0.10 to 0.20 mass % of C, 0.8 to 2.5 mass % of Si, 1.5 to 2.5 mass % of Mn, and 0.01 to 0.10 mass % of Al, wherein P is limited to less than 0.1 mass %, and S is limited to less than 0.002 mass % and more than 0 mass %, and the structure includes bainitic ferrite and residual austenite such that area percentage of the bainitic ferrite in relation to the entire structure is at least 70%, area percentage of the residual austenite is 2 to 20%, and total area percentage of polygonal ferrite and quasi-polygonal ferrite is up to 15%, and proportion of the residual austenite having an average particle size of up to 5 ?m in the residual austenite is at least 60%. The steel sheet is a TRIP steel sheet which has bainitic ferrite as its matrix, and it has a tensile strength (TS) of at least 980 MPa as well as an excellent stretch flangeability.

Abstract: The method of making steel with carbide banding entails using steel with undissolved carbides distributed within the steel for forming steel with carbide banding, wherein the steel is about 0.3 weight percent to about 2.2 weight percent carbon and at least 0.003 weight percent of chromium, molybdenum, aluminum, vanadium, tungsten, or a similar carbide forming element; then, deforming the steel with undissolved carbides to create steel with carbide banding upon cooling, heating the steel with undissolved carbides for a specified time ranging at a specified temperature to form an austenitic steel with undissolved carbides, and cooling the austenitic steel with undissolved carbides to maintain the undissolved carbides within a crystalline matrix forming steel with carbide banding.

Abstract: The invention is method of making steel with carbide banding obtaining steel with undissolved carbides distributed within the steel for forming steel with carbide banding, wherein the steel is about 0.3 weight percent to about 2.2 weight percent carbon and at least 0.003 weight percent of chromium, molybdenum, aluminum, vanadium, tungsten, or a similar carbide forming element; then, deforming the steel with undissolved carbide, moving a portion of the steel with undissolved carbides, heating the steel with undissolved carbides for a time ranging from about 5 minutes to about 12 hours at a temperature above an A-sub 1 temperature and below 50 degrees Fahrenheit of an A-sub 3 temperature to form an austenitic steel with undissolved carbides, and cooling the austenitic steel with undissolved carbides to maintain the undissolved carbides within a crystalline matrix forming steel with carbide banding.

Abstract: A Fe—Ni based permalloy comprises Ni: 30-85 wt %, C: not more than 0.015 wt %, Si: not more than 1.0 wt %, Nin: not more than 1.0 wt %, P: not more than 0.01 wt %, S: not more than 0.005 wt %, O: not more than 0.0060 wt %, Al: not more than 0.02 wt % and, if necessary, not more than 15 wt % of at least one selected from the group consisting of Mo, Cu, Co and Nb within a range of not more than 20 wt % in total.

Abstract: A common-rail injection system is provided for a diesel engine and has excellent internal pressure fatigue resisting characteristics, vibrational fatigue resisting characteristics and cavitation resisting property and sheet face flawing resisting property, and can be made thin and light in weight. A main pipe rail is manufactured by transformation induced plastic type strength steel. After the main pipe rail is processed, residual austenite is generated by heat treatment, and the reduction processing of stress concentration of a branch hole and a main pipe rail side flow passage crossing portion is performed. Further, it is preferable that an induced plastic transformation is generated on the inner surface of the main pipe rail by autofrettage processing, and compression residual stress is left.

Abstract: A structural hot-rolled or cold-rolled stainless steel sheet having improved intergranular corrosion resistance and toughness at the welding heat affected zone and further having low strength and high elongation. The composition of the steel sheet contains less than about 0.008 mass percent of C; about 1.0 mass percent or less of Si; about 1.5 mass percent or less of Mn; about 11 to about 15 mass percent of Cr; more than about 1.0 mass percent and about 2.5 mass percent or less of Ni; less than about 0.10 mass percent of Al; about 0.009 mass percent or less of N; about 0.04 mass percent or less of P; about 0.01 mass percent or less of S; and the balance being Fe and incidental impurities. These contents satisfy the expressions: (Cr)+1.2×(Ni)?15.0; (Ni)+0.5×(Mn)+30×(C)?3.0; (C)+(N)?0.015; and (Cr)?(Mn)?1.7×(Ni)?27×(C)?100×(N)?9.0.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a steel for high-speed cold working which exhibits good cold workability during working and also exhibits high hardness after working. The steel for high-speed cold working contains C: 0.03 to 0.6% (by mass), Si: 0.005 to 0.6%, Mn: 0.05 to 2%, P: no more than 0.05% (excluding 0%), S: no more than 0.05% (excluding 0%), and N: no more than 0.04% (excluding 0%), with the remainder being iron and inevitable impurities and the amount of dissolved nitrogen in the steel being no less than 0.006%.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing an oxide dispersion strengthened ferritic steel excellent in high-temperature creep strength having a coarse grain structure. The method comprises mixing alloy powders and an Y2O3 powder, subjecting the mixed powder to mechanical alloying treatment, solidifying the alloyed powder by hot extrusion, and subjecting the extruded solidified material to final heat treatment involving heating to and holding at a temperature of not less than the Ac3 transformation point and slow cooling at a rate of not more than a ferrite-forming critical rate which comprises, 0.05-0.25% C, 8.0-12.0% Cr, 0.1-4.0% W, 0.1-1.0% Ti, 0.1-0.5% Y2O3 by weight, with the balance being Fe. In this method, by using a TiO2 powder as a Ti component to be mixed at the mechanical alloying treatment or by adding a Fe2O3 powder, the bonding of Ti with C is suppressed, and the C concentration in the matrix does not decrease.

Abstract: A flat rolled, high strength, formable steel product has a yield strength of at least about 100 ksi. The product has sufficient formability such that it can withstand a longitudinal or transverse 180° bend of less than 1.0 times its thickness and is preferably comprised of a high strength, low alloy steel composition containing a vanadium-nitride microalloy. The steel product is preferably produced by cold rolling a first steel product having a yield strength of at least about 70 ksi and a n-value from about 0.1 to about 0.16. Cold rolling of the first steel product reduces its thickness and increases its yield strength to at least 100 ksi.

Abstract: A steel part having a long rolling contact fatigue life and capable of further increasing the life of a bearing under severer using condition than usual conditions. The steel part includes steel having a composition containing 0.7% by mass to 1.1% by mass of C, 0.5% by mass to 2.0% by mass of Si, 0.4% by mass to 2.5% by mass of Mn, 1.6% by mass to 5.0% by mass of Cr, 0.1% by mass to less than 0.5% by mass of Mo, 0.010% by mass to 0.050% by mass of Al, less than 0.0015% by mass of Sb as an impurity, and the balance composed of Fe and inevitable impurities, the steel being hardened and tempered. In the steel structure of a portion from the surface to a depth of 5 mm, residual cementite has a grain diameter of 0.05 to 1.5 ?m, prior austenite has a grain diameter of 30 ?m or less, and the ratio by volume of the residual austenite is less than 25%.

Abstract: A coated steel sheet having a coated layer on surfaces of a steel sheet of a composition containing not less than 0.1 mass % and under 3 mass % of Al, wherein a following condition A or B is met: A: An AlN precipitate layer exists on a matrix side near an interface between said steel sheet and said coated layer B: Oxide of Al exists in said matrix right under said surfaces of said steel sheet.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a high strength steel sheet containing, in mass %, C: 0.02 to 0.04%, Si: at most 0.4%, Mn: 0.5-3.0%, P: at most 0.15%, S: at most 0.03%, Al: at most 0.50%, N: at most 0.01%, and Mo: 0.01-1.0%. The method includes performing hot rough rolling either directly or after heating to a temperature of at most 1300° C., commencing hot finish rolling either directly or after reheating or holding, completing finish rolling at a temperature of at least 780° C., performing coiling after cooling to a temperature of 750° C. or below at an average cooling rate of at least 3° C./second, heating to an annealing temperature of at least 700° C. and then cooling to a temperature of 600° C. or below at an average cooling rate of at least 3° C./second, then holding in a temperature range of 450-600° C. for at least 10 seconds, and performing hot dip galvanizing after cooling.

Abstract: A ferritic steel sheet wherein a mean value of X-ray random intensity ratios of a group of {100}<011> to {223}<110> orientations is 3.0 or more and a mean value of X-ray random intensity ratios of three crystal orientations of {554}<225>, {111}<112>, and {111}<110> is 3.5 or less and further at least one of the r values in a rolling direction and a direction at a right angle of that is 0.7 or less.

Abstract: Austenitic alloy for high-temperature strength with improved pourability and manufacturing, of which the composition comprises, in weight-%: 0.010%<carbon<0.04% 0%<nitrogen<0.01% silicon<2% 16%<nickel<19.9% manganese<8% 18.1%<chromium<21% 1.8%<titanium<3% molybdenum<3% copper<3% aluminum<1.5% boron<0.01% vanadium<2% sulfur<0.2% phosphorous<0.04% and possibly up to 0.5% of at least one element chosen from among yttrium, cerium, lanthanum and other rare earths, the remainder being iron and impurities resulting from manufacturing or deoxidizing, the said composition also satisfying the two following relationships: in relationship to the solidification mode: remainder a=eq. Nia?0.5×eq. Cra<3.60 where eq. Cra=Cr+0.7×Si+0.2×Mn+1.37×Mo+3×Ti+6×Al+4×V, and where eq. Nia=Ni+22×C+0.5×Cu, in relationship to the rate of residual ferrite: remainder b=eq. Nib?2×eq. Crb>?41 where eq. Crb=Cr+0.7×Si+1.37×Mo+3×Ti+6×Al+4×V, and where eq. Nib=Ni+22×C+0.5×Cu+0.

Abstract: A martensitic stainless steel sheet which is hard to be softened by tempering caused by heating during the use of a disk brake, can maintain the predetermined hardness, and has excellent punching workability, bending workability before quenching, and a particularly small shear drop, and in which a predetermined hardness after quenching is constantly achieved, in a low carbon martensitic stainless steel sheet used only after quenching. Specifically, the sheet contains, on the basis of mass percent, 0.030% to 0.100% C; 0.50% or less of Si; 1.00% to 2.50% Mn; more than 10.00% to 15.00% Cr; at least one selected from the group consisting of 0.01% to 0.50% Ti, 0.01% to 0.50% V, 0.01% to 1.00% Nb, and 0.01% to 1.00% Zr; N in an amount defined by the following expression, N: 0.005% to (Ti+V)×14/50+(Nb+Zr)×14/90; and the balance being Fe and incidental impurities.

Abstract: A NbC-added Fe—Mn—Si-based shape memory alloy is provided, showing a shape memory property even if a special treatment such as training is not performed. A Fe—Mn—Si-based shape memory alloy containing Nb and C is rolled by 10 to 30% in a temperature range of 500 to 800° C. under austenite condition, then, subjected to an aging treatment by heating in a temperature range of 400 to 1000° C. for 1 minute to 2 hours.

Abstract: A high strength cold-rolled steel sheet, which simultaneously provides a tensile strength of 70 to 90 kgf/mm2 grade and is easily formed, thereby increasing an impact energy absorption in case of collision and enhancing the safety of automobiles, and its manufacturing method. The high strength cold-rolled steel sheet with excellent formability and weldability, comprises, in percent by weight, 0.15 to 0.25% C, 0.5 to 1.5% Si, 1.0 to 2.0% Mn, 0.25% or less P, 0.020% or less S, 0.015 to 0.050% Al, 0.008 to 0.026% N, balance Fe and incidental impurities while satisfying a condition of 1.2≦Si[%]+50/8P[%]≦2.0. The method comprises the steps of hot rolling a steel having the above composition, cold rolling the hot-rolled steel sheet to form a cold-rolled steel sheet; continuous annealing the cold-rolled steel sheet at a temperature range satisfying a condition of 563+651C[%]+42 Si[%]+18Mn[%]≦annealing temperature [° C.

Abstract: A heat resistant steel can be produced at a low cost and has an excellent high temperature strength. A high-strength heat-resistant steel is provided which comprises carbon in an amount of 0.06 to 0.15% by weight, silicon in an amount of 1.5% by weight or less, manganese in an amount of 1.5% by weight or less, vanadium in an amount of 0.05 to 0.3% by weight, chromium in an amount of 0.8% by weight or less, molybdenum in an amount of 0.8% by weight or less, at least one selected from niobium, titanium, tantalum, hafnium, and zirconium in an amount of 0.01 to 0.2% by weight, nitrogen in an amount of 20 to 200 ppm, and the balance being iron and unavoidable impurities, and the high-strength heat-resistant steel comprising a bainite structure.

Abstract: A high speed tool steel, which is high in impact value and free from variations in tool performance, comprising, by mass %, of: 0.4≦C≧0.9; S1≦1.0; Mn≦1.0; 4≦Cr≧6; 1.5-6 in total of either or both of W and Mo in the form of (1/2 W+Mo) wherein W≦3; 0.5-3 in total of either or both of V and Nb in the form of (V+Nb); wherein carbides dispersed in the matrix of the tool steel have an average grain size of ≦0.5 &mgr;m and a dispersion density of particles of the carbides is of ≧80×103 particles/mm2.

Abstract: A hot-rolled steel strip having superior low temperature toughness and weldability, which is suitably used as a starting material for high strength electric resistance welding pipe, is provided at a low cost without constructing new production facilities and increasing cost. The hot-rolled steel strip is low carbon steel containing at least one of about 0.5.% or less of Cu, about 0.5% or less of Ni, and about 0.5% or less of Mo, wherein Pcm represented by the following equation (1) is 0.

Abstract: Apparatus for the rolling and heat treatment of elongated metal product of relatively small cross section, such as rods and bars, is described in which the elements required for the conduct of a variety of heat treatments are arranged in in-line disposition whereby any of several heat treatment procedures can be performed on the product without need for transferring the product to remotely located heat treatment facilities. The methods of performing various heat treatments through use of the disclosed apparatus are also described.

Abstract: A high strength steel sheet having (2-1) a base phase structure, the base phase structure being tempered martensite or tempered bainite and accounting for 50% or more in terms of a space factor relative to the whole structure, or the base phase structure comprising tempered martensite or tempered bainite which accounts for 15% or more in terms of a space factor relative to the whole structure and further comprising ferrite, the tempered martensite or the tempered bainite having a hardness which satisfies the relation of Vickers hardness (Hv)≧500[C]+30[Si]+3[Mn]+50 where [ ] represents the content (mass %) of each element, and (2-2) a second phase structure comprising retained austenite which accounts for 3 to 30% in terms of a space factor relative to the whole structure and optionally further comprising bainite and/or martensite, the retained austenite having a C concentration (C&ggr;R) of 0.8% or more.

Abstract: A method of producing ultra-fine grain structure for an unalloyed or low-alloyed steel is characterized in that it includes as a combination steps wherein the steel is heated (1, 2) to a temperature (T1) above Ac3 temperature for transforming the structure thereof completely austenitic whereby both temperature level (T1) and holding time (d1) at the temperature (T1) are restricted for hindering austenitic grain growth, the steel is cooled (3) without any deformation below Tnr temperature, rolling (4a, 4b) is started below Tnr temperature and is continued within the temperature range between Tnr and Ac3 in which the structure of the steel is essentially austenitic but with no recrystallization of austenite, and the steel is cooled further (5) below Ar3 and Ar1 temperatures. The method of the invention is suitable to be used at the final storage of production, especially, for improving some properties, like hardness, tensile strength and impact toughness, of a steel.

Abstract: The present invention provides a line pipe of, e.g., the API standard X60 to X100 class. The line pipe has an excellent deformability, as well as excellent low temperature toughness and high productivity, a steel plate used as the material of the steel pipe. Methods for producing the steel pipe and the steel plate are also provided. In particular, a high-strength steel plate excellent in the deformability has a ferrite phase is dispersed finely, and accounts for 5% to 40% in area percentage in a low temperature transformation structure mainly composed of a bainite phase. For example, most grain sizes of the ferrite phase are smaller than the average grain size of the bainite phase. A high-strength steel pipe excellent in deformability is also provided, in which a large diameter steel pipe is produced through forming the steel plate into a pipe shape. The steel pipe has the above-referenced structure, and satisfies the conditions that YS/TS is 0.95 or less and YS×uEL is 5,000 or more.

Abstract: The present invention aims to produce a cold rolled metal coated multi-phase steel, characterized by a tensile strength of at least 500 MPa, a yield ratio (Re/Rm) lower than 0.65 in skinned conditions, lower than 0.60 in unskinned conditions, and with good metal coating adhesion behavior. In the case of the aluminized steel according to the invention, the steel also has superior resistance to temperature corrosion up to 900° C. and excellent mechanical properties at this high temperature. The hot metal coated steel product having a steel composition with a manganese content lower than 1.5%, chrome content between 0.2 and 0.5%, molybdenum content between 0.1 and 0.25%, and a relation between the chrome and molybdenum content as follows Cr+2 Mo higher than or equal to 0.7%, undergoes a thermal treatment in the hot dip metal coating line defined by a soaking temperature between Ac1 and Ac3, a primary cooling speed higher than 25° C./sec and a secondary cooling speed higher than 4° C./sec.

Abstract: A weldable structural steel product having TiN and ZrN precipitates, which contains, in terms of percent by weight, 0.03 to 0.17% C, 0.01 to 0.5% Si, 0.4 to 2.0% Mn, 0.005 to 0.2% Ti, 0.0005 to 0.1% Al, 0.001 to 0.03% Zr, 0.008 to 0.030% N, 0.0003 to 0.01% B, 0.001 to 0.2% W, at most 0.03% P, at most 0.03% S, at most 0.01% O, and balance Fe and incidental impurities while satisfying conditions of 1.2≦Ti/N≦2.5, 0.3≦Zr/N≦2.0, 10≦N/B≦40, 2.5≦Al/N≦7, and 6.8≦(Ti+Zr+2Al+4B)/N≦17, and having a microstructure essentially consisting of a complex structure of ferrite and pearlite having a grain size of 20 &mgr;m or less.

Abstract: A steel for forming a high strength steel sheet contains, in mass %, C: at most 0.04%, Si: at most 0.4%, Mn: 0.5-3.0%, P: at most 0.15%, S: at most 0.03%, Al: at most 0.50%, N: at most 0.01%, and Mo: 0.01-1.0%. Steel sheet formed from the steel is suitable for use as automotive panels.

Abstract: A weldable structural steel product having fine complex precipitates of TiN and MnS is provided which contains, in terms of percent by weight, 0.03 to 0.17% C, 0.01 to 0.05% Si, 1.0 to 2.5% Mn, 0.05 to 0.2% Ti, 0.0005 to 0.1% Al, 0.008 to 0.030% N, 0.0003 to 0.01% B, 0.001 to 0.2% W, at most 0.03% P, 0.003 to 0.05% S, at most 0.005 % O, and balance Fe and incidental impurities while satisfying conditions of 1.2≦Ti/N≦2.5, 10≦N/B≦40, 2.5≦Al/N≦7, 6.5≦(Ti+2Al+4B)/N≦14, and 220≦Mn/S≦400. The steel has a microstructure consisting essentially of a complex structure of ferrite and pearlite having a grain size of 20 &mgr;m or less.

Abstract: The invention relates to a high strength hot-dip galvanized and galvannealed steel sheets with excellent drawability for press forming and excellent plating adhesion that is useful as a member for automobiles, construction, electric devices and the like, and to a process for its manufacture. According to an embodiment of the invention, the steel sheet contains in terms of weight percent, C: 0.05-0.2%, Si: 0.2-2.0%, Mn: 0.2-2.5%, Al: 0.01-1.5%, Ni: 0.2-5.0%, P: <0.03% and S: <0.02%, the relationship between Si and Al being such that 0.4(%)≦Si+0.8 Al(%)≦2.0% and the remainder consisting of Fe and unavoidable impurities, the volume percentage of the retained austenite is 2-20% and the steel sheet surface wherein the relationship between the Ni and Si, Al in 0.5 &mgr;m of the steel sheet surface layer is such that Ni(%)≦¼ Si+⅓Al(%), has a Zn plating layer comprising Al: ≦1% with the remainder Zn and unavoidable impurities.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing an improved Fe—Ni alloy consisting of 33-37% Ni; 0.001-0.1% Mn; optionally, 0.01-2% Co; and at least one of (1) 0.01-0.8% Nb; (2) 0.01-0.8% Ta; and/or (3) 0.01-0.8% Hf, with the total of Nb, Ta and Hf being in the range of 0.01-0.8% and the remainder being Fe and unavoidable impurities. The method comprises subjecting the alloy to a hot rolling process wherein the rate of distortion during each pass of hot rolling is below 70/second resulting in the alloy having a reduced rate of crack formation during the hot rolling process, and high drop-shock resistance and low thermal expansion after the hot rolling process.

Abstract: A conventional steel C-channel used as a side rail in a truck frame is strengthened by forming, after heat treating, strengthening lips on the edges of the C-channel flanges while the C-channel is still hot from the final tempering step of the heat treating process. The method obviates the need to use more expensive quenching dies and is advantageously performed immediately after tempering.

Abstract: A process for manufacturing an aluminum-killed low-carbon steel strip by supplying a hot-rolled steel strip having by weight from 0.022 to 0.035% of carbon, from 0.15 to 0.25% of manganese, from 0.040 to 0.70% of aluminum, from 0.0035 to 0.0060% of nitrogen, the remainder being iron and trace impurities, passing the strip through a first cold-rolling, annealing the cold-rolled strip, in which the annealing is continuous using a cycle including: a temperature rise up to a first temperature higher than an onset temperature of pearlitic transformation Ac1, holding the strip above the first temperature for a duration of longer than 10 seconds, rapidly cooling the strip to a second temperature below 100° C. at a cooling rate in excess of 100° C. per second, thermally treating the strip at a temperature from 100° C. to 350° C. for a duration in excess of 10 seconds, and cooling the strip to room temperature.

Abstract: A method of producing a ultra fine grain steel made of ferrite having a mean grain size of not larger that 3 &mgr;m as the base phase, after ingoting raw materials, by austenitizing the ingot by heating it to a temperature of at least an Ac 3 point, then, applying compression working of a reduction ratio of at least 50% at a temperature of from an Ae 3 point or lower to an Ar 3 point −150° C., or at a temperature of at least 550° C., and thereafter, cooling, wherein the strain rate as compression working is in the range of from 0.001 to 10/second.

Abstract: A hot-dip galvanized steel sheet is produced by rough rolling a steel, finish rolling the rough rolled steel at a temperature of Ar3 point or more, coiling the finish rolled steel at a temperature of 700° C. or less, and hot-dip galvanizing the coiled steel at a pre-plating heating temperature of Ac1 to Ac3. A continuous hot-dip galvanizing operation is performed by soaking a pickled strip at a temperature of 750 to 850° C., cooling the soaked strip to a temperature range of 600° C. or less at a cooling rate of 1 to 50° C. per second, hot-dip galvanizing the cooled strip, and cooling the galvanized strip so that the residence time at 400 to 600° C. is within 200 seconds. The steel sheet has a structure consisting essentially of ferrite and martensite.

Abstract: A steel sheet having a composition comprising C: 0.05-0.20 mass %, Si: 0.3-1.8 mass %, Mn: 1.0-3.0 mass %, Fe of the balance and inevitable impurities is subjected to a primary step of primary heat treatment and subsequent rapid cooling to Ms point or lower, a secondary step of secondary heat treatment and subsequent rapid cooling, and a tertiary step of galvanizing treatment and rapid cooling, so as to turn the structure of the steel sheet into a composite structure of 20% or more by volume of tempered martensite, 2% or more by volume of retained austenite, ferrite and a low-temperature transformation phase. A galvanized layer is deposited on the surface of the steel sheet. It is preferred to cool the steel sheet to 300° C. at a cooling rate of 5 ° C./sec. or more after the galvanizing treatment. After the galvanizing treatment, alloying treatment may be conducted.

Abstract: This invention can form a sufficiently internal oxide layer in a surface layer portion of an iron matrix of a steel sheet by hot rolling a base steel and subjecting to a heat treatment at a temperature range of 650-950° C. in an atmosphere substantially not causing reduction while being adhered with a black skin scale irrespectively of a chemical steel composition or production history, or even when a radiation type heating of a radial tube or the like is used in a recrystallization annealing before a hot dipping treatment, and hence excellent hot-dipping property and conversion treating property can be given to a steel sheet for hot dipping.

Abstract: A bar product prepared from microalloyed bar steel is provided. The bar product is prepared by hot rolling and heat treating a microalloyed bar steel. The hot rolled and heat treated microalloyed bar steel is prepared by steps of hot rolling a preform of the microalloyed bar steel at a temperature of between about 1,400° F. and about 2,200° F. to provide a steel bar having a diameter of between about ¾ inch and about four inches, cooling the steel bar to provide a surface temperature of below about 1,100° F., and heat treating the steel bar in an environment having a temperature of between about 500° F. and about 1,300° F. The bar product is preferably prepared without a step of cold drawing. In particular, the bar product is preferably prepared without a step of drawing to provide a 10% to a 35% reduction.

Abstract: A flat product made of multiphase steel and a method for preparing the steel includes hot rolling at a temperature at which the austenite phase is stable, then tempering to form a C and Mn-enriched phase in a matrix, followed by a heat treatment to form austenite islands and/or enriching in Mn the already formed austenite and cooling down to room temperature so as to obtain a final product with a ferrite matrix containing residual austenite, bainite and/or martensite islands.

Abstract: Steel for the manufacture of a component for bearings, the chemical composition of which comprises, by weight: 0.6%≦C≦1.5%; 0.4%≦Mn≦1.5%; 0.75%≦Si≦2.5%; 0.2%≦Cr≦2%; 0%≦Ni≦0.5%; 0%≦Mo≦0.2%; 0%<Al≦0.05%; S≦0.04%; the balance being iron and impurities resulting from smelting and the composition furthermore satisfying the relationships: Mn≦0.75+0.55×Si and Mn≦2.5−0.8×Si. Process for the manufacture of a bearing component.

Abstract: A 590 MPa-class rolled steel shape of high strength and excellent toughness for use as a building structural member and a method of producing the high-tensile rolled steel shape are provided. Strength optimization by an alloy that elevates hardenability, texture refinement obtained by fine dispersion of Ti oxides and TiN owing to Ti addition, precipitation strengthening by Cu addition, and formation of a fine bainite texture by temperature-controlled rolling, cooling control and the like enable a high-strength, high-toughness rolled steel shape of high-strength and excellent toughness having mechanical properties of a tensile strength of not less than 590 MPa, a yield strength or 0.2% proof strength of not less than 440 MPa and a Charpy impact absorption energy at 0° C. of not less than 47 J, and method of producing the same.

Abstract: The invention relates to drawn pieces made of steel plate, particularly for motor vehicles bodies, and to a process for manufacturing such drawn pieces. In order to be able to manufacture drawn pieces with a high piece strength but of a low weight and with a low susceptibility to denting in a simple manner, according to the invention, a spring steel plate which is already hardened in the initial state, particularly bainitized—for example, CK60 or C63 or 67SiCr5—is used during the drawing of the vehicle body parts. The yield point of the heat-treated plate bar material is approximately in the range of from 800 to 1,800 N/mm2; the tensile strength is above that. Because of these strength values, plate bars of a plate thickness of approximately 0.3 mm to 0.6 mm can be used, whereby approximately 20 to 60% of the previous piece weight can be saved. The drawn piece according to the invention is therefore a definite lightweight part.

Abstract: Processes for preparing copper-INVAR-copper (CIC) for use in making chip packaging and the CIC created. One process comprises annealing a CIC section at a temperature in a range of 1475° F. to 1625° F. for a time in a range of 40 to 120 seconds. Another process includes heat treating a CIC section at a temperature in a range of 1275° F. to 1425° F. for a time in a range of 40 to 120 seconds. The above processes can be combined. The CIC section created exhibits unique electrical, physical, and mechanical properties.

Abstract: Apparatus for the rolling and heat treatment of elongated metal product of relatively small cross section, such as rods and bars, is described in which the elements required for the conduct of a variety of heat treatments are arranged in in-line disposition whereby any of several heat treatment procedures can be performed on the product without need for transferring the product to remotely located heat treatment facilities. The methods of performing various heat treatments through use of the disclosed apparatus are also described.

Abstract: A method for producing hardened parts of steel from an air-hardening steel comprising the steps of heating the steel is heated to a temperature above 1,100° C., hot-working the steel parts until they reach the A1 emperature, cooling the steel parts in air to about 280° C. under simultaneous thermo-mechanical sizing treatment, then cooling the steel parts in air to room temperature, stress relief treating the steel parts at 150-250° C., and hard-machining the steel parts.