Abstract: The preferred embodiments described herein provide an improved ultrasound transducer and method of manufacture thereof. In one preferred embodiment, a method of manufacturing an ultrasound transducer is provided comprising the acts of supporting a layer of piezoelectric material with a window and separating the layer of piezoelectric material into at least two elements by dicing through the layer of piezoelectric material and at least partially into the window. In another preferred embodiment, an ultrasound transducer is provided comprising a first transducer element, a second transducer element, and a window coupled with the first and second transducer elements and comprising a kerf positioned between the first and second transducer elements.

Abstract: This invention relates to display devices. More particularly, this invention relates to displays, such as advertisements, formed in substrates, such as concrete. Likewise, this invention relates to a method of making such display devices, including a method of forming a display, such as advertising logo, in concrete.

Abstract: A synthetic magnetodielectric composite material for absorbing electromagnetic radiation has a sheet of fabric having first and second surfaces. The fabric is formed of an insulating material. Magnetically permeable thread is disposed within the fabric. The magnetically permeable thread comprises a material having a permeability substantially greater than the permeability of free space. The fabric is impregnated with resin. The magnetically permeable thread is configured to provide predetermined permittivity and permeability within a selected frequency range, so as to provide desired absorption/transmission of electromagnetic radiation.

Abstract: A number of k sets of light transmissive members are prepared, k being an integer of 2 or greater, where each set thereof may consist of a plurality of first light transmissive plates and a plurality of second light transmissive plates, and (k+1) third light transmissive plates having a greater thickness than those of the first and the second light transmissive plate. A composite plate member is produced by alternately arranging and bonding one set of the plurality of first light transmissive plates and the plurality of second light transmissive plates to each of the spaces between the (k+1) third light transmissive plates, and alternately arranging a plurality of polarization separating films and a plurality of reflecting films on each interface in the composite plate member.

Abstract: In a trim part for decorative purposes, especially in the interior, and in this case preferably for the interior trim of the passenger compartments of vehicles, a cover layer of natural stone is applied to the visible side of a base part. For this purpose, the negative shape of the base part is machined from a natural stone block and the two are combined permanently to form a sandwich. Then the surface is machined on the visible side, and finally clear lacquer is applied.

Abstract: A process for making a plurality of vertically integrated optical components including providing a holding device with a plurality of holes, providing a polarizing glass having two polarization layers separated by a non-polarizing region, providing a plurality of optical fibers insulated by ferrules, inserting the fibers into the device, bonding the polarizing glass to the fibers and holding device, removing one of the polarization layers and the non-polarizing region to expose the other polarization layer thus forming an ultrathin polarizing glass, slicing the ultrathin glass at the ferrules to form a plurality of polarizer devices, separating the polarizing devices from the surrounding ultrathin glass to form a plurality of vertically integrated optical components, and removing the components from the holding device.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a pressure sensitive adhesive double coated sheet comprising a shrink substrate and, superimposed on both sides thereof, pressure sensitive adhesive layers, at least one of the pressure sensitive adhesive layers being composed of an energy radiation curable pressure sensitive adhesive. The pressure sensitive adhesive double coated sheet according to the invention enables efficiently processing a work piece with high precision. In particular the pressure sensitive adhesive double coated sheet is suitable to a process capable of producing IC chips of high thickness precision with high yield by reducing warpage and minimizing carrying breakage in the grinding of extremely thin or large diameter silicon wafers and capable of performing back grinding and dicing in the same configuration. Further, the invention provides a process of producing semiconductors of high reliability in which the above pressure sensitive adhesive double coated sheet is used.

Abstract: In a trim part for decorative purposes, especially in the interior, and in this case preferably for the interior trim of the passenger compartments of vehicles, a cover layer of natural stone is applied to the visible side of a base part. For this purpose, the negative shape of the base part is machined from a natural stone block and the two are combined permanently to form a sandwich. Then the surface is machined on the visible side, and finally clear lacquer is applied.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a display device by which a substrate is thinned efficiently. Onto one original substrate having an area for a plurality of display devices, the other original substrate is bonded via a sealing resin layer, the pair of bonded original substrates is divided and separated into a plurality of pairs of substrates of a size of each individual display device, and thereafter a substrate thinning process of thinning the substrates is performed in a state where the substrates are held by substrate holding means.

Abstract: A method of forming a laminated glass substrate structure suitable for use in a display device or the like, includes the steps of: a) preparing a first glass substrate having first and second main faces; b) preparing a second glass substrate having third and fourth main faces; c) after the steps a) and b), adhering the first and second glass substrates with a space formed therebetween and with the third main face facing to the second main face; and d) after the step c), performing a smoothing process relative to all edges excepting one edge among edges defining the first main face. The laminated glass substrate structure provides an improved load resistance.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a stiffened composite structure comprising the steps of: forming the structure around a mandrel tool; using digital camera data to record the positions of desired pad locations on the structure; bonding pads to the structure at the desired locations; curing the pads and structure; forming stiffeners from composite materials including forming a plurality of tabs at points on the stiffener corresponding to the pads on the structure; using a laser theodolite connected to receive the stored information of the pad locations relative to a datum point on the stiffener to locate the stiffener tabs accurately on the pads; and bonding the stiffeners to the structure via the tabs and pads. Preferably, the location tabs and pads are machined off the final stiffened structure after autoclaving.

Abstract: A method of forming a laminated glass substrate structure suitable for use in a display device or the like, includes the steps of: a) preparing a first glass substrate having first and second main faces; b) preparing a second glass substrate having third and fourth main faces; c) after the steps a) and b), adhering the first and second glass substrates with a space formed therebetween and with the third main face facing to the second main face; and d) after the step c), performing a smoothing process relative to all edges excepting one edge among edges defining the first main face. The laminated glass substrate structure provides an improved load resistance.

Abstract: A method is disclosed comprising the steps of locating, on a surface of a downhole component, a plurality of thermally stable polycrystalline diamond (TSP) bearing elements, and then applying to the surface a settable facing material which bonds to the surface between the bearing elements and embraces the elements to hold them in place. A method in which bearing elements each comprising a body of TSP at least partly surrounded by a layer of less hard material are secured to the surface by welding or brazing part of the surface of each bearing element which comprises said less hard material to said component is also described.

Abstract: A process for producing an article having a three-dimensional optical effect comprising a transparent substrate provided with a translucent simulated ice crystal formation having a controlled amount of fern-like patterns along with articles produced by a glue chip process.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for manufacturing high-frequency oscillator elements from a workpiece material includes a tool holder formed of magnetic material providing a magnetic field at a tip thereof and a spherical whetstone made of a magnetic material. A grinding mount is made of a magnetic material installed on a main rotating shaft proximate the tool holder through which flux of the magnetic field is channeled. The spherical whetstone held at the tip of the tool holder by magnetic attraction. The workpiece material is mounted on the grinding mount and the tool holder is rotated around an axis coincident with a center of the spherical whetstone while bringing the spherical whetstone into engagement with the workpiece material to lap the workpiece material.

Abstract: The resin impregnated composite wood product comprises a plurality of wood layers, with each layer having relatively thin strips of wood. The strips in each layer are arranged at an angle to the strips of wood in adjacent layers. The strips of wood of such layers are saturated with resin throughout their length, width and thickness to fill the pores and when cured to provide a strong, tough, durable, long lasting product which is economical to manufacture.

Abstract: A conformable tape for bonding a lens block to ophthalmic lens blanks is provided. The tape comprises a polymeric backing and a pressure-sensitive adhesive. In a first preferred embodiment the surface of the backing is a blend of an olefin polymer with a polymer having acidic functionality. The blend may be formed as the backing layer, i.e., directly on the adhesive layer of the tape, or as the outer surface layer of a multilayered backing. In a second embodiment, the surface of the backing is a copolymer of an olefin monomer with a monomer having pendant acidic functionality. A lens block may be adhered to an ophthalmic lens blank by applying a section of the tape described above to an ophthalmic lens so that the pressure sensitive adhesive of the tape contacts the lens; conforming the tape to the compound surface of the lens; and attaching a lens block to at least a portion of the polymer backing layer.

Abstract: Removing a portion of an active wafer (12) at the edge (18) after the active wafer (12) is bonded to a base wafer (10) prevents chipping of the edge of the active wafer during thinning of the active wafer (12). Grinding and polishing of the edges of the active wafer (12) is preferably performed.

Abstract: In accordance with the production process according to the present invention, a stamper having a desired pattern for the formation of a disc board can be produced without worsening the working atmosphere or causing any other problems. A novel process for the production of a stamper for the formation of a disc board is provided, which comprises applying an adhesive tape to the surface of a stamper body on which an unnecessary resist remains, and then peeling the adhesive tape off the stamper body so that the unnecessary resist is transferred to the adhesive tape to remove itself from the stamper body.

Abstract: Described is a process for producing heat-insulated panels for the large-scale panel method of construction, which can be used for the production of load-bearing and non-load-bearing walls and supporting walls. The process is characterised in that firstly a hard foam panel (5) is put on to or extruded on to at least one flat table (1), thereafter place-reserving devices in the form of frames or the like for for production of door, window and other openings (8, 14, 16, 18) and inner hollow chambers are put in accurately positioned relationship on to the hard foam panel, then the remaining free surfaces of the hard foam panel (5) are provided with connecting members (12) and preferably fixed by bonding agent and/or preferably undercut grooves are provided in the region of the free surfaces. A concrete layer (11) is then cast and compacted on to the hard foam panel (5) which is provided with an outer boundary means.

Abstract: Composite products and processes for the manufacture thereof, including, but not limited to composite products that could feasibly replace nearly all decorative and/or structural lumber products.

Abstract: Laminated siding pieces and a method of producing them. A laminated siding workpiece is provided including a substantially flat piece of display material having a first major surface that is laminated to a bevelled piece of support material. The substantially flat piece of display material is cut through to form a laminated siding piece having a flat piece of display material, possessing a freshly cut major surface, laminated to a bevelled piece of support material.

Abstract: A plastic smart card, such as a card having a radio frequency identification (RFID) proximity function, including at least one electronic element embedded therein and a physical contact card function and the hot lamination process for the manufacture of this dual function smart card and other plastic cards including a micro-chip embedded therein. The process results in a card having a preferred overall thickness in the range of 0.028 inches to 0.032 inches with a surface suitable for receiving dye sublimation printing--the variation in card thickness across the surface should not exceed 0.0005 inches. A card manufactured in accordance with the present invention also complies with all industry standards and specifications. Also, the hot lamination process of the present invention results in an aesthetically pleasing card. The invention also relates to a plastic card formed in accordance with the hot lamination process of the present invention.

Abstract: An apparatus for manufacturing a semiconductor device includes a wafer grinding section which grinds a wafer fixed on an ultraviolet sensitive tape and a drying section which dries the wafer after the wafer is ground. The drying section includes an ultraviolet irradiation device irradiating the ultraviolet sensitive tape with ultraviolet rays.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing golf club putter heads includes four steps, 1. forming a recess in a striking face of a club putter head, 2. adhering a decorative plate with a name or pattern in the recess, 3. pouring epoxy resin solution in said recess and letting it dry up to form an insert block, 4. grinding the upper surface of the decorating plate and the insert block flush with the striking face of the putter head. Then the name or pattern may not wear or disappear even if hit by golf balls for a long period of time.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing angiographic catheters comprises providing a length of elastomeric tube of a predetermined outer diameter and braiding multiple strands of wire wrapping about its exterior. A plastic bonding agent is extruded onto the entire length of the wire wrapping to bond the strands to each other. Thereafter, the wire wrapping is ground away at predetermined spaced locations along the length of the elastomeric tube to provide a series of wire wrapped sections joined by non-wrapped sections. An elastomer layer is disposed over both the wire wrapped sections and the non-wrapped sections throughout the length thereof. Subsequently, the coated length is severed into pieces with the pieces each constituting unitary construction including a wire wrapped section that forms a catheter body and a non-wrapped section joined to at least one end thereof to constitute a flexible catheter tip.

Abstract: A basic part is produced which has a three-dimensionally structured surface; then the surface of the basic part is covered by means of a resin layer in such a manner that all elevations of the three-dimensionally structured surface are covered; subsequently, the resin layer is ground off to such an extent that the tips of the elevations of the surface are also partially ground; and finally at least the ground-off surface is sealed by means of a clear coating.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a glue laminated structural wood member for bearing a structural load includes bonding together multiple elongate wood segments and a synthetic fiber reinforcement with their lengths generally aligned with the length of the member. The synthetic fiber reinforcement includes multiple synthetic fiber strands held within a resin matrix and low cost fiber edges.

Abstract: An improved structure for carbon-carbon composite piston architectures consists of replacing the knitted fiber, three-dimensional piston preform architecture described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,909,133 (Taylor et al.) with a two-dimensional lay-up or molding of carbon fiber fabric or tape. Initially, the carbon fabric or tape layers are prepregged with carbonaceous organic resins and/or pitches and are laid up or molded about a mandrel, to form a carbon-fiber reinforced organic-matrix composite part shaped like a "U" channel, a "T"-bar, or a combination of the two. The molded carbon-fiber reinforced organic-matrix composite part is then pyrolized in an inert atmosphere, to convert the organic matrix materials to carbon. At this point, cylindrical piston blanks are cored from the "U"-channel, "T"-bar, or combination part. These blanks are then densified by reimpregnation with resins or pitches which are subsequently carbonized.

Abstract: Thick molded strips of unsaturated polyester resin are bonded to butt edges of a panel member, upper and lower edge portions of the thick molded strips are cut so as to make upper and lower edge surfaces coplanar with upper and lower surfaces of the panel member, the coplanar surface is, thereafter, coated with the unsaturated polyester resin, and the polyester resin film and the thick molded strips are, finally, trimmed with a polisher; even though the molded strips are decreased in thickness through the polishing, the molded strips are thick enough to make the butt edges of the panel invisible, and the appearance of the board member is improved.

Abstract: A method of forming a cylindrical printing article having a unitary compressible laminate and which includes a rotatable support in the form of a cylinder. This method comprises forming a compressible laminate having upper and lower surfaces and a substantially uniform thickness from at least a printing face which forms the upper surface and a compressible layer positioned beneath the printing face. The compressible layer contains a plurality of compressible cells dispersed therein and has first and second surfaces, with the first surface bonded to an adjacent surface of the printing face. In another step, the first surface of the compressible layer is formed with a profile having a raised central portion so that the compressible layer is spaced closer to the upper surface of the printing face in the center of the laminate than at the ends. Preferably, this laminate is cylindrical and is in the form of a printing blanket or printing roller.

Abstract: Forming a green multi-layer component with an embedded pattern of barrier material, which may be in the form of a positive pattern to form a recessed area or in the form of a negative pattern to form raised areas on the component. Peripheral channels are machined into the green laminate surface to outline each negative or positive pattern feature, the channels being cut deep and wide enough to contact and overlap the edges of the barrier material. The layer of barrier material and the overlying layer(s) of ceramic material are separated from the remainder of the component to produce a non-planar part having raised areas in the case of a negative pattern of barrier material or a part having recessed areas in the case of a positive pattern of barrier material. An apparatus and process to control the machining depth of cut using both AC and DC sensing techniques is disclosed.

Abstract: A belt for use on a long nip press for dewatering a fibrous web includes a base assembled by spirally winding a prepared structure strip in a plurality of non-overlapping turns. Successive turns are abutted against and joined to those previously wound by sewing or otherwise bonding along the continuous spiral seam thus formed. The prepared structure strip may be a fabric strip woven from lengthwise and crosswise yarns, which may be monofilament yarns of a synthetic polymeric resin. The fabric strip may be of either a single- or multi-layer weave. At least one side of the base, namely, that side which will be on the inside of the belt in its endless loop form, and which slides over the arcuate pressure shoe component of the long nip press during its operation, is coated with a polymeric resin, such as polyurethane, to render it impervious to liquids, and especially to the oil used to lubricate the surface of the arcuate pressure shoe.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of manufacturing prisms, particularly microprisms and beam-splitting prisms, including the following steps: a) producing rectangular plates (1), b) fixing a larger number of these plates at their plate surfaces (2) to form a rectangular block (4), c) processing at least one face (support face 5) of the block at a right angle relative to the plate surfaces, d) rearranging the plates of the blocks so that all plate surfaces are aligned at an angle .alpha..sub.1 and that the sharp edges of the plates are placed in contact with the alignment plate (6), e) cementing of several displaced blocks with their cover faces (11) to a carrier body and grinding and polishing the support face (5), f) multiple repetition, if necessary, of steps d) through e) with different angles adjustments .alpha., g) rearranging the plates of the blocks so that all plate surfaces are arranged at an angle .beta.

Abstract: A method of making composite strips of millwork components, including the steps of providing a plurality of elongate strips of wood and a support sheet, adhering the strips of wood together in parallel with each other and to the support sheet to form an elongate composite sheet, and machining the composite sheet to a desired contour to form a molding strip. The method may also include the step of removing the support sheet after the machining step by machine, or by peeling, or otherwise as desired. Typically the strips of wood are of differing widths and heights. A composite molding strip is also disclosed.

Abstract: After a plate or layer of non-metallic, particularly hard and brittle material has been provided with a (metal) mask having a plurality of apertures arranged in a pattern, it is exposed to at least one jet of abrasive powder particles, which jet is moved relative to the plate. The mask has its surface facing the surface on which the jet impinges secured to the plate or layer of non-metallic material by means of a layer of adhesive material having a thickness which is smaller than the size of the abrasive powder particles.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for controlling the thickness of press-cured composite articles during the manufacture thereof. The method includes a preparatory or prefabrication stage wherein prepreg plies are layed up and compacted to form a plurality of laminates that define a final laminate package that defines the uncured configuration of the composite article. The final laminate package may include supplemental ply-packs layed up at the mid-plane or neutral axis of the final laminate package for the purpose of controlling the overall thickness of the final laminate package. The prepreg plies layed up in the preparatory stage have been precut to conform to the final net shape of the composite article, but include a predetermined overbuild in the width dimension to facilitate control of thickness during cure of the final laminate package.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing angiographic catheters comprises providing a length of elastomeric tube of a predetermined outer diameter and braiding multiple strands of wire wrapping about its exterior. A bonding agent is applied to the wire wrapping in circumferentially extending bands to bond the strands to each other. Thereafter, the wire wrapping is ground away at predetermined spaced locations along the length of the elastomeric tube to provide a series of wire wrapped sections joined by non-wrapped sections with each of the wire wrapped sections having at least the ends thereof enclosed by at least portions of the circumferentially extending bands of bonding agent. An elastomer layer is located over both the wire wrapped sections and the non-wrapped sections throughout the length thereof.

Abstract: A synthetic reinforcement having surface features that facilitate adhesion of the reinforcement to another surface and a process for making the same is disclosed. The synthetic reinforcement is comprised of a plurality of continuous fibers that are maintained in position by a resin encasement. An external surface of the synthetic reinforcement can be characterized by micro-recesses that are located in a generally random pattern, which increases the surface area of the resin encasement.

Abstract: Processing of materials and their combination to produce a thin foil-laminated adhesive dielectric thermosetting resin film and the conversion of it by a mechanical debossing procedure to impart a debossed and/or embossed printed circuit pattern directly thereon. A process for compositing a shaped metal foil containing a debossed electrical circuitry pattern and an thin isotropic uncured and ungelled thermosetting resin film and forming an adhesively joined composite conforming essentially to the shape of the predebossed metal foil. The process comprises placing a shaping tool with a surface possessing an embossed electrical circuitry pattern, as described in the prior art, and forcing the shaped surface and a surface of the metal foil into intimate contact to deform the metal foil to assume essentially the shape of the tool surface. The shaped metal foil is separated from contact with the tool surface.

Abstract: A thin flat panel display is formed from two substrates uniformly spaced apart by a plurality of spacer members. The spacer members are formed into bundles, held together by binder material, and sliced into a plurality of thin discs. One opposing face of one of the substrates is provided with patterned arrays of first and second arrays of different adhesives. The discs are placed on the adhesives and processed to activate the adhesives, remove the binder and the second adhesive thereby reducing the number of spacers remaining in the assembly to only those adhered by the first adhesive. The second substrate is then juxtapositioned on the first substrate assembly and bonded thereto.

Abstract: A drum-shaped workpiece (37) is machined according to a method whereby the workpiece (37) is fastened to a rotatable holder (1) of a machine tool (3) by means of an adhesive (45), for example a mixture including rosin and beeswax, such that a centerline (51) of the workpiece (37) coincides substantially with an axis of rotation (19) of the holder (1). This adhesive (45) is exclusively provided between the holder (1) and support surfaces (47, 49) of the workpiece (37) directed substantially parallel to the centerline (51), the workpiece (37) being brought into connection with the holder (1) exclusively via the adhesive (45). It is achieved thereby that mechanical stresses in the workpiece (37) caused by the fastening of the workpiece (37) to the holder (1) are as small as possible. A dimensional accuracy which the workpiece (37) has after being machined by the machine tool (3) and before being removed from the holder (1) thus remains intact when the workpiece (37) is removed from the holder (1).

Abstract: A simplified method for producing a smoothly graduated, three dimensional engraving in a substrate using a shotblast resist. The method includes preparing a continuous tone transparency having various levels of tone which correspond to the varying levels of depth required in desired image to be engraved into the substrate. A resist film is then contact exposed through its film base and through the continuous tone transparency of the image to an actinic source of electromagnetic radiation for a specific quantity of exposure and the varying levels of radiation transmission through the various tones of the transparency result in a controlled differential exposure of the resist film. This correspondingly results in progressive hardening and toughening through the resist film from its film base according to the various levels of actinic radiation to which it is exposed. The unhardened areas are then washed out and a resist having a smoothly varying thickness is thus produced.

Abstract: A process for manufacturing slabs of stone material such as marble or granite, reinforced with reinforcing elements in particular made of steel and fixed to a rear surface of the slabs by a bonding resin of the hardening type. The resin is used to impregnate non-twisted strands of glass, preferably in the form of matting, in a percentage weight ratio of glass strands to resin of at least 50:50, with a preference for a quantity by weight of glass strands greater than 50%.

Abstract: A decorative panel is formed with a flexible or rigid support of different thicknesses and material depending on where same is to be placed attached to a wooden sheet by means of a layer of adhesive. The sheet is milled to define some segments whose repetition gives rise to the motif. Channels in which the sheet is very thin are formed between said segments so that the resulting panel is flexible and is not easily broken due to said channels, whereby the panel adapts in the best way to the different shapes that the application surface may have.

Abstract: The following steps are performed when processing electronic components such as piezoelectric devices. At Step 1 inter-atom bond is created between a functional member such as a quartz crystal plate and a first substrate, and the functional member and the quartz crystal plate are directly joined together. At Step 2, the functional member and a second substrate are fixed together with an adhesive agent or by a direct bond. At Step 3, the first substrate is removed chemically or mechanically, with said functional member and said second substrate still being joined together. A step of polishing said functional member for the adjustment of thickness thereof may be done between Step 1 and Step 2. For example, a silicon dioxide thin film may be provided between the functional member and the first substrate. Since no adhesive layer exists between the functional member and the first substrate, this improves the degree of plane of the functional member when joined to the first substrate.

Abstract: A wet multidisk friction clutch is constructed of a plurality of driving friction disks connected to an input shaft and a plurality of driven friction disks connected to an output shaft and arranged alternately with said driving friction disks, whereby power is selectively transmitted by frictional engagement between said driving friction disks and said driven friction disks. Each of said driving friction disks comprises a metal core and friction linings applied on opposite sides of said metal core and is partly cut off in a radial direction to define end portions, thereby forming a partly-open annular shape.

Abstract: An improved method for securing and removing an optical element to and from a blocking tool without causing deformation of the optical element. A lens tissue is placed on the top surface of the blocking tool. Dots of UV cement are applied to the lens tissue without any of the dots contacting each other. An optical element is placed on top of the blocking tool with the lens tissue sandwiched therebetween. The UV cement is then cured. After subsequent fabrication steps, the bonded blocking tool, lens tissue, and optical element are placed in a debonding solution to soften the UV cement. The optical element is then removed from the blocking tool.

Abstract: A method of restoring a used golf ball in which a small portion of the old cover is removed and a new layer of material added, which new layer includes dimples. The new layer may be transparent with an indicia on its outer surface or on the outer surface of the remaining old cover.

Abstract: After a plate or layer of non-metallic, particularly hard and brittle material has been provided with a (metal) mask having a plurality of apertures arranged in a pattern, it is exposed to at least one jet of abrasive powder particles, which jet is moved relative to the plate. The mask has its surface facing the surface on which the jet impinges secured to the plate or layer of non-metallic material by means of a layer of adhesive material having a thickness which is smaller than the size of the abrasive powder particles.