Abstract: An oil absorbent, water non-absorbent material is made by boiling unglazed newsprint for a prescribed period of time, removing the slurry from the excess water, and baking until a dried solid cake remains. The solid dried cake is then saturated with linseed oil following which it is treated with hydrolyzed polyvinyl alcohol, baked to a dry solid, and reduced to convenient particle size.

Abstract: A flocculating agent which comprises: a particulate ethylene oxide polymer present in an amount of between about 20 to about 35% by weight; an inert liquid vehicle comprising a mixture of a glycol which is present in an amount between about 25 to about 30% by weight, and glycerine which is present in an amount between about 45 to about 50% by weight, wherein the specific gravity of the ethylene oxide polymer is approximately the same as the specific gravity of the inert liquid vehicle; and a suspension agent which is present in an amount between about 0.4 to about 0.6% by weight, wherein the flocculating agent has a viscosity in the range between about 1800 to about 5900 cps.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for making productive use of waste products such as spoiled, waste, or surplus paint and ink and waste slurry from pulp products manufacturing includes dewatering the waste slurry to obtain fiber from the slurry, drying the fiber in bulk, and combining the fiber with a mixture of paint and/or ink to create a moldable mixture. The mixture is formed into a utilitarian shape and cured or dried to form a solid object. In another aspect, there is provided a portable, self-contained apparatus for receiving waste and surplus paint and/or waste and surplus ink and fiber waste, and producing molded products using the method described above. The portable apparatus may be located temporarily at a site where such wastes are generated to avoid the transportation of wastes that is made expensive by mandated transportation safety regulations. A further aspect of the invention comprises useful article fabricated from waste materials using the method described above.

Abstract: A method of treating BCTMP/CTMP wastewater to improve retention and purification of cellulose fiber suspension and clarification of the BCTMP/CTMP wastewater which comprises the addition of a cationic, water soluble coagulant having a molecular weight less than 15,000,000 in an amount of about 1 to about 300 ppm; and a high molecular weight flocculant selected from the group consisting of: nonionic polymers having a molecular weight in the range between about 500,000 to about 30,000,000, low charge cationic polymers having a molecular weight in the range between about 5,000,000 to about 30,000,000, and low charge anionic polymers having a molecular weight in the range between about 5,000,000 to about 30,000,000, in an amount of about 0.1 to about 100 ppm.

Abstract: A method for treating a mechanical pulp plant effluent waste stream by freezing the effluent stream and separating frozen product. The frozen product contains between about 50 to 150 ppm chemical oxygen demand (COD), and may be reclaimed.

Abstract: In a papermaking operation which utilizes secondary fiber furnish containing hot melt or pressure sensitive adhesive contaminants, a method of inhibiting stickies comprising adding to the pulp slurry at least one surfactant selected from the group consisting of fatty alkanolamides and ethoxylated compounds in addition to a hydrocarbon solvent.

Abstract: A process for the production of papermaking fiber or pulp from waste solids emanating from pulp and paper mills, particularly waste solids in process water streams containing fibrous solids that cannot be directly recycled by paper mill "saveall" devices, from pulp and paper mill process water streams conveyed by the sewerage system to wastewater treatment plant facilities, and from "sludge" emanating from the underflow of a primary clarifier or sedimentation basin at pulp and paper mill wastewater treatment facilities either before or after the "sludge" is thickened and dewatered.

Abstract: This invention relates to homogeneous compositions comprising pulped paperboard and a finely divided polymer, suitably polyethylene terephthalate, commonly referred to as "PET". Also, provided are stable aqueous dispersions of finely divided polymer particles, preferably of micronic or submicronic range particle size. Processes for providing the novel compositions of the invention are also provided.

Abstract: The deposition of stickies on machinery used in the pulping and papermaking processes and in the final paper produced in the papermaking process using secondary or recycled paper is controlled by adding an amount of a water-soluble organotitnium(IV) compound to the aqueous system of a pulping and/or papermaking process, effective to reduce or remove the deposition of the stickies on the machinery and the resulting paper.

Abstract: A method for deinking recycled waste cellulosic material such as newsprint includes pulping the waste in the presence of an aqueous dispersion of a resin precursor, curable in said dispersion and curing the resin precursor during the pulping operation.

Abstract: A method of producing multi-ply paper product, such as linerboard. A pulp stock of reclaimed, white office waste paper which contains fillers, such as clay and calcium carbonate, toners and ink is applied as a top ply to a base ply of Kraft pulp stock. Both pulp stocks have a pH in the range of 6.0 to 8.0. A dry strength additive, such as cooked starch, is incorporated in the plies and serves to improve the internal strength of the top ply, as well as improving the bond between the plies.

Abstract: A multi-ply paper product, such as linerboard, composed of a base ply of Kraft pulp and a top ply of reclaimed, white office waste paper which contains fillers, such as clay and calcium carbonate, toners and ink. A dry strength additive, such as cooked starch, is incorporated in the plies and serves to improve the internal strength of the top ply, as well as improving the bond between the plies.

Abstract: A process for the production of papermaking fiber or pulp from waste solids emanating from pulp and paper mills, particularly waste solids in process water streams containing fibrous solids that cannot be directly recycled by paper mill "saveall" devices, from pulp and paper mill process water streams conveyed by the sewerage system to wastewater treatment plant facilities, and from "sludge" emanating from the underflow of a primary clarifier or sedimentation basin at pulp and paper mill wastewater treatment facilities either before or after the "sludge" is thickened and dewatered.

Abstract: A process for the production of papermaking fiber or pulp from waste solids emanating from pulp and paper mills, particularly waste solids in process water streams containing fibrous solids that cannot be directly recycled by paper mill "saveall" devices, from pulp and paper mill process water streams conveyed by the sewerage system to wastewater treatment plant facilities, and from "sludge" emanating from the underflow of a primary clarifier or sedimentation basin at pulp and paper mill wastewater treatment facilities either before or after the "sludge" is thickened and dewatered.

Abstract: Degradable particulate absorbent materials, together with processes for manufacture thereof, wherein the absorbent materials: (i) have, in most forms of the invention, only on the order of 0% to 10%, by weight, of inorganic solids or "fillers", and in all forms have less than 30% inorganic solids by weight; (ii) are not in pellet form; (iii) are characterized by an open porous fiber structure having relatively low bulk densities on the order of not more than 13 lbs./ft..sup.3 and preferably only from about 6 to about 10 lbs./ft..sup.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and apparatus for manufacturing paper or like products which contains retention agent and inorganic filler. The retention and technical properties of the paper are enhanced by coflocculating the filler with a cellulosic material having a large specific surface area (fine pulp) prior to introducing floc suspension into the stock, and by subjecting the flocs to a floc size-controlling shearing process in a particular reaction vessel to produce flocs that have a mean particle size within the range of 2-4 mm. The particular reaction vessel used herefor incorporates a mixing zone, a flocculation zone, separator means located between the mixing zone and flocculation zone, a shearing zone and a sedimentation zone.

Abstract: A wet, pressure, partial oxidation process to favor the partial oxidation of black liquor obtained from soda pulping. This is obtained by adjusting the equivalent of sodium ion content of a soda pulping black liquor within the range of about 21 to 26 weight % based on the total weight of the dissolved black liquor solids. This adjustment favorably reduces lignin fragments into short chain organic acids and thereby increases their production. In the case of potassium, the adjustment of the sodium content is carried out using an equivalent amount of a molar basis of potassium ion. A product wherein the amount of short chain organic acid salts is between 70 and 90%, the amount of aromatic lignin fragments and aromatic products thereof is between 0 and 10% and sodium carbon/bicarbonate mixture constitutes not more than 20% on the dry solids basis is also disclosed.

Abstract: A system and method for converting pulp and paper mill waste water into a decolored, neutral pH effluent and a solid suitable for use as fuel in a furnace. The treatment system is used following primary and secondary treatment of pulp and paper mill waste waters typically found in the industry. After secondary biological treatment, the waste waters are pumped to a coagulation tank where the waste water is brought in contact with a polyamine coagulant which coagulates lignins, degraded sugars, and other compounds which typically discolor this water. The coagulation particles are increased in size by addition of an acrylamide polymer in a flocculation tank to improve the hydrophilic characteristics of the coagulant. The waste water is then mixed a dissolved air and water solution under pressure. Upon dissolution of the dissolved air at atmospheric pressure the air is absorbed by the flocculated matter in the aeration tank and the flocculated matter is caused to migrate towards the area of less pressure, i.e.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for the recovery of a wood preservative chemical from aqueous waste sludges containing said wood preservative chemical in both its liquid and solid phases. The method comprises treating said aqueous waste sludges to effect an initial separation and recovery of the liquid and solid phases, individually. The recovered liquid phase comprises the first liquid phase product stream. The recovered solid phase then is subjected to elevated temperatures sufficient to liquefy the solid phase, said liquefied solid phase comprising the second liquid phase product stream. During the liquefaction of the recovered solid phase, it may be contacted with a quantity of a fresh wood preservative chemical, a portion of a dehydrated first liquid phase product stream or a portion of a dehydrated second liquid phase product stream to prevent the precipitation of any normally solid constituents therein and to enhance the liquefaction of said recovered solid phase.

Abstract: A portion of the spent cooking liquor from a pulping process is diverted from the washing step directly to the machine chest of a paper machine for pre-sizing the paper made on the paper machine. The preferred pulping process is an unbleached kraft or sulfate process and the preferred raw material for the pulping process is pine or softwood chips. Moreover, the preferred point in the washing step for diverting the black liquor is near or at the final washing stage.

Abstract: A material for scavenging oil slick and/or oleaginous fluids comprising paper-machine sludge combined in the presence of water with a hydraulic cement and dried.

Abstract: A new process for manufacturing sheets made of fibrous material containing latex is characterized in that the pulp containing the fibrous material is prepared in the following way:--adjustment of the pH between 4 and 5.5 and preferably between 4 and 4.5,--addition of an electrolyte, the polarity of which is of the opposite sign to that of the latex used,--addition of a foam inhibitor,--re-adjustment of the pH between 4 and 5.5, if necessary,--addition, preferably by injection, of latex,--second addition of an electrolyte having the same characteristics as indicated above,--possibly addition of resins (phenoplasts or aminoplasts),--re-adjustment of the pH to the previously indicated value, if necessary.The new sheets obtained by this process find use in the field of paper manufacture.

Abstract: Procedure for separating finely divided matter from a suspension by filtration in a periodically operated pressure filter including a filter tank into which the suspension to be filtered is supplied along with lime sludge (or CaCO.sub.3) as a filtering auxiliary substance. The lime sludge forms a filtering layer on the surface of filtering elements and the suspension to be filtered passes through this layer for separating sediment. The pressure filter contains a plurality of filtering elements extending downwardly from the roof of the filter tank so that the filtrate flows through the elements to a superposed filtrate collecting tank. The lime sludge collects on the outer surface of the filtering elements and is periodically detached by a countercurrent washing operation. Green liquor, from which the soda sediment is to be separated, is used as the suspension to be filtered.

Abstract: A soft fluffy light weight substance comprising cellulose fibers and clay suitable as a filler and insulatng material, which is dispersible and absorbent in oil but which is not dispersible or absorbable in water, is made from paper making sludge by heating the sludge with mechanical agitation at about 350.degree. F. to evaporate all water therefrom and convert the product to lipophilic granules which are then milled in a hammer mill and forced through a screen of 3/64-5/64 inch mesh.

Abstract: A method of processing regenerated liquors of polyacrylate, polyvinyl alcohol and carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) sizes for reuse, wherein the impurities are substantially removed, without noticeably changing the properties of the size, by constantly aerating the liquor and separating off the precipitate thereby formed.

Abstract: A waterproofing composition is made by admixing primary sludge produced by pulp and paper mill operations with tall oil pitch. The composition may include particulate wood by-products as fillers and a material such as lime for raising the softening point of the tall oil pitch.

Abstract: Waste water effluent from online production machinery and/or clean-off water from shut-down machinery is deposited in a settling tank in which the solids settle out. Water, relatively clear of the solids, is returned to the production plant. A slurry containing a high concentration of these solids is, depending on the percentage of solids, either returned to the production machinery via a slurry tank or returned to the settling tank for further concentration. The degree of concentration of solids in the slurry tank is carefully controlled in order to permit the addition of these otherwise wasted solids to the virgin asbestos-cement slurry in the various production machineries. This addition of the otherwise wasted solids is carefully monitored at each of the production machinery installations in order to provide proper quality control of the product produced thereby.

Abstract: A method for producing shaped bodies of fibrous materials using mineral fibers, cellulosic fibers, and zero fibers. The zero fibers are extremely thin and short cellulosic fibers produced either synthetically or from natural by-products from the cellulose industry. These bodies can be used as substitutes for asbestos fiber products, and display physical properties, such as resistance and rigidity, comparable to the asbestos products. The fibrous materials are produced using an aqueous dispersion of the mineral fibers, cellulose fibers, and zero fibers, whereafter the dispersion is de-watered, shaped and dried.

Abstract: A method of producing dry-process composition paper board from waste paper. Waste paper is particulated into flakes and the like fragments, conditioned for moisture content, and blended with an adhesive such as a synthetic thermosetting resin prior to forming by compression into mats which are cured under high pressure and temperature to form a rigid, cohesive paper flake board.The method obviates the need of sorting, pulping, cleaning and purification of waste paper and permits manufacture of structural panel boards in small recycling plants.

Abstract: Contaminated aqueous alkali wash liquor from the treatment of gases containing hydrogen sulphide and/or hydrogen cyanide is reconstituted by treatment at an elevated temperature in a reducing atmosphere followed by quenching to form reconstituted wash liquor. The contaminated liquor is concentrated, before entering the reducing atmosphere, by direct contact with hot gases derived from the hot reducing atmosphere. Quenching and concentration are carried out by interaction of a gaseous medium with a liquid spray. Generation of the hot reducing atmosphere, reaction of the contaminated liquor with the hot reducing atmosphere, and concentration of the contaminated liquor may be carried out in a single chamber.

Abstract: An improved process for forming a non-woven fabric by wet-laying, on paper making equipment, staple length, synthetic fibers having a length to diameter ratio of about 400 to 3000, and an improved, non-woven fabric produced by the process. The process involves forming a stable, viscous, uniform, air-fiber-water dispersion by: adding the fibers to a high-shear agitated mixture of water and a dispersant to separate the fibers and to completely and uniformly distribute the individual fibers throughout the resulting, high-shear agitated, air, water and fiber mixture; and then, slowly adding a thixotropic thickener to the high-shear agitated mixture to form the viscous, air-fiber-water dispersion, having a nascent viscosity of about 10 to 125 cps., when measured at a shear rate of 30.5 sec..sup.-1, and in which the individual fibers are restrained from becoming entangled and from forming knits, bundles, and strings.