Abstract: A coupling for transmitting a rotary motion in both directions of rotation. The coupling includes a drive shaft and a driven shaft and has a freewheeling capability in both directions of rotation for rotary motions introduced into the driven shaft. One or more balls are guided in a circular groove having an asymmetrical cross-section. The balls rest against a clamping disk having a non-circular cross-section. When the drive shaft is rotated, the balls are pressed against and clamped by a guide surface of the driven shaft.

Abstract: The invention relates to a dual-action angular anti-return device for a turnstile, comprising a drum fast to the turnstile, a fixed vee open facing the drum, a roller positioned between the vee and the drum and alternately wedgeable between the two faces of said vee and said drum, a support for the roller displaceable alternately by two electromagnets themselves energizable from a source. A capacitor is charged by the source on each energization of any one of the electromagnets and discharged into the other electromagnet as soon as said energization is interrupted, which then results in the desired unwedging of the roller.

Abstract: A fishing reel with an anti-reverse to free spool adjustment including a cylindrical series of spaced peripheral grooves on the spool spindle and a hand manipulated rotary member setting variable pressures on a ball in a ratchet member surrounding the series of grooves, thereby locking the spindle or releasing the spindle to a variable degree.

Abstract: Overrunning clutch with locking elements securely retained by a respective spring element in pockets having plane end faces and being part of a one-piece unitary cage which spring element includes a spring section extending axially adjacent to the locking element and having a projection which acts upon the locking element with a spring force in the direction of engagement and a restraining area supported by the unitary cage, characterized in that the spring element (18) is made of flat material and the spring section (20) is defined by at least one bend (27,28) of the flat material, that the bend (27,28) extends in the area between the one radial plane (10 and 11, respectively) in which the frontal outer surface of the unitary cage (1) extends and the one radial plane (12 and 13, respectively) in which the end faces (8 and 9, respectively) of the pockets (4) near this outer surface extend with the greatest axial inside width (L), and that the restraining area (19) is retained in a self-locking manner on the u

Abstract: An improved clutch for use with an electric power steering assembly is disclosed. The improved clutch has an outer member, and a cage mounted between the outer and inner members and formed with a plurality of pockets. The improved clutch further comprises a pair of rolling elements mounted in each pocket, and a spring mounted between the rolling elements so as to bias the rolling elements away from each other into wedge-like spaces in the pocket. In the event that an associated driving system fails, the improved clutch of this invention is disconnected from the steering wheel since the outer member coupled to the driving system becomes unlocked from the inner member which is coupled to the steering wheel.

Abstract: An improved latch for an accordion type roller clutch energizing spring includes a pair of resilient, flexible wings bent down from the bight of the mounting fold of the spring and a latching finger bent out from the tail of the spring, adjacent to the mounting fold. When the mounting fold is pressed over a vertical cross bar of the cage, the wings push up of the edge of the vertical cross bar, while the latching finger clicks beneath and pushes down off of the inner surface of the adjacent horizontal cross bar. This provides a triad of radially opposed and circumferentially and axially separated and balanced biasing forces to latch the spring securely in place with very good stability against twisting and rocking.

Abstract: In an apparatus for controlling a vehicle with an automatic transmission which includes a gear transmission and a clutch and is responsive to the operation of a selector and an acceleration member, the selector has a special position and a low-speed running mode is allowed when the special position is selected. During the low-speed running mode, the vehicle can be driven even when the amount of operation of the acceleration member is zero level, reducing the work of the driver, especially in heavy traffic.

Abstract: A control apparatus for the automatic clutch of an automotive vehicle includes a pressure regulating valve for selectively connecting clutch actuating pressure to line pressure and a drain, and a control unit for controlling the pressure regulating valve. The control unit senses and/or calculates vehicle inclination, braking torque and engine drive torque. If the braking torque is smaller than a directionally adverse torque which attempts to move the vehicle in the adverse direction when the vehicle is propelled in the desired direction from rest on a grade, the control unit is operative to displace the pressure regulating valve in a direction which will connect the line pressure to the clutch, thereby increasing the clutch pressure to enlarge the clutch transfer torque. Therefore, even if the accelerator pedal is not being depressed when the vehicle is on the grade, there is no time lag between depression of the accelerator pedal when this done and the start of torque transfer by the clutch.

Abstract: A marine propulsion device comprising a ball clutch transmission including a propeller shaft including an axial bore defining an annular wall having therethrough a radially extending aperture communicating with the bore, a ball located in the aperture, an actuator extending in the axial bore in the propeller shaft and being movable between axially spaced drive and neutral positions, the actuator including an axially extending groove, the groove including a deep portion having a cross sectional contour of such dimension as to permit receipt therein of at least a portion of the ball so as to disengage the ball from a driven bevel gear, the groove also including a shallow portion located adjacent the deep portion and having a cross sectional contour such that engagement of the shallow portion with the ball forces the ball radially outwardly so that the ball is engaged by the gear, the shallow portion also including a section which slopes radially inwardly and toward the deep portion, whereby the force exerted on

Abstract: An energizing spring for a roller clutch of the type having a cage with horizontal and vertical cross bar pairs is provided with an improved latch. The spring is the accordion type, and the next to last fold thereof is a mounting fold sized to fit over a vertical cross bar. The last spring fold, which includes the spring tail, is open wider than the spacing between the vertical and horizontal cross bars. The spring tail includes a retrorse stop flange and a contralateral biasing finger spaced apart by slightly less than the raidal thickness of the horizontal cross bar, and the biasing finger is formed with a peak. As the mounting fold is pressed into place over the vertical cross bar, the biasing finger flexes past the edge of the horizontal cross bar, and once the peak of the biasing finger has passed the edge of the horizontal cross bar, the spring tends to self-seat.

Abstract: A control apparatus for an automotive clutch sets engine rotational speeds set for respective gear positions for disengaging the clutch, and disengages the clutch when the engine rotational speed drops below the set engine rotational speed corresponding to a present gear position at the time a braking force is higher than a preset value upon actuation of a brake. The control apparatus determines a rate of reduction of the engine rotational speed when the brake is actuated, and disengages the clutch when an integrated value of the rate of reduction of the engine rotational speed corresponds to one of preset values set for the respective gear positions.

Abstract: An overrunning clutch cage molded of a plastic material with a greater differential of expansion is provided with a circumferentially spaced plurality of cage sections connected by alternating connector members that are sufficiently axially spaced and sufficiently flexible to allow the cage sections to move freely relative to one another, and thus conform to an annular space between clutch races with changing temperature without binding.

Abstract: A four-wheel drive vehicle has an engine clutch for transmitting the output of an engine to a transmission, main drive wheels operatively connected to an output shaft of the transmission, auxiliary drive wheels, and a transfer clutch for transmitting the output of the transmission to the auxiliary drive wheels. A control system is provided with a detector for detecting a driving condition for reducing the torque capacity of the transfer clutch. The control system responds to a signal from the detector for gradually reducing the torque capacity of the transfer clutch.

Abstract: These drive connections with freewheel mechanisms, especially provided for advancing and reversing operation of all-wheel vehicles, have at their disposal fully self-acting reversing shift rings (13) depending exclusively on the respective direction of rotation of the shafts (1, 2) serving as sensors of direction of rotation (22) after the reversal operation there are provided locking elements that become entirely free from torque transmission and have controlling forces dependent on direction of rotation (helical toothing, tiltable ratchets, detent balls, etc.) on a shift ring (13) which is movable by the sensor of direction of rotation (22).

Abstract: In a creep preventing device of the type in which an oil discharge passage communicating with an oil tank is branched from an oil feed passage for supplying an operating oil pressure to a starting clutch or other starting elements of an automatic transmission of a vehicle and an electromagnetic valve capable of closing the oil discharge passage under the demagnetized state and opening it under the excited state is disposed in the oil discharge passage, a method of controlling the creep preventing device is characterized in that when the electromagnetic valve is returned from the excited state to the demagnetized state, the electromagnetic valve is chopped a predetermined number of times. This method can re-connect the starting elements smoothly without incurring any shock.

Abstract: A device for motor vehicle braking systems, which is designed to facilitate starting on hills. The device comprises a piston cylinder device, controlled by an electronic unit which is coupled to a pneumatic or hydraulic pressure system and acts on the brake pedal. Signals are fed to the electronic unit from a sensor for vehicle speed and direction and from a pair of sensors sensing brake pedal position and gas pedal position. When the signals from the first-mentioned sensor indicate that the vehicle has been brought to a stop after movement in a direction differing from the direction selected via the gear selector and indicated by sensor, at the same time as the two other sensors signal that the brake pedal has been depressed and the gas pedal has been released, the piston cylinder device is activated to brake the vehicle. If the accelerator is then depressed the device is deactivated and the brake is released.

Abstract: An improved four wheel drive system for a vehicle is disclosed. The system includes a first carrier assembly connected to a power generation system of the vehicle and adapted to transmit power to a first pair of drive wheels. A second carrier assembly having an input member and an output member connected to a second pair of drive wheels is also provided. The second carrier assembly is adapted to transmit power from the input member to the output member. A mechanism is provided for selectively connecting the first carrier assembly to the input member of the second carrier assembly for transmitting power thereto. A biasing structure is further provided for moving one of the input and output members relative to the other of the input and output members prior to connecting the first carrier assembly to the input member of the second carrier assembly.

Abstract: An overrunning roller clutch with a double row of rollers has an increased load bearing capacity, substantially equivalent to that of a clutch having a single row of rollers of double the length, but without the end loading problems that could occur from single, longer rollers. The clutch uses specially designed unitary energizing springs with resilient elements located by a base of the spring, in cooperation with the cage, so as to act independently on each roller of each pair.

Abstract: An automatic transmission has a gear transmission mechanism with a forward clutch which is engaged when the gear transmission mechanism is engaged to a forward speed stage, a one way clutch which is in cooperation with the forward clutch provides a first speed stage by rotation prevention, and a brake which, when engaged, in cooperation with the one way clutch prevents the power output shaft of the gear transmission mechanism from rotating in the direction to allow reverse motion of the vehicle.

Abstract: An automatic transmission has a gear transmission mechanism with a a forward clutch which is engaged when the gear transmission mechanism is engaged to a forward speed stage, a one way clutch which is in cooperation with the forward clutch provides a first speed stage by rotation prevention, and a brake which, when engaged, in cooperation with the one way clutch prevents the power output shaft of the gear transmission mechanism from rotating in the direction to allow reverse motion of the vehicle. An idling control system for the transmission includes a first mechanism for engaging the forward clutch selectively either to a maximum amount or to an intermediate amount; a second means for selectively engaging the brake; and a third mechanism for controlling the first and second mechanism.

Abstract: A method of controlling the gear changing operation of an automatic transmission includes determining an optimum gear position based on a car speed and an extent of depression of an accelerator pedal to control a gear transmission to select the optimum gear position, and selecting neutral when the determined optimum gear position is lower than a selected gear position at the time the accelerator pedal is released, to interrupt the gear changing operation until the accelerator pedal is depressed.

Abstract: A centrifugally-actuated roller clutch or overrunning clutch acting to engage two shafts rotating independently at different speeds to bring them into engagement in one or both directions at a predetermined rpm. The clutch assembly includes an outer race, a wave hub or inner race, clutch rollers, a spacer ring or spacer blocks to separate the rollers and a garter spring encompassing the rollers. If a freewheeling mode is required in one direction, the spacer ring or blocks are not required, and the wave form of the inner hub controls the overrunning action.

Abstract: A lock-up mechanism for a torque converter for an automatic transmission is arranged to be selectively engaged to directly connect the output shaft and the input shaft of the torque converter when the operating condition of the engine is in a lock-up zone.

Abstract: A vehicle having an automatic transmission including a hydraulic torque converter and a gear mechanism driven by the torque converter. The gear mechanism includes a hydraulically operated clutch for establishing a forward driving gear train. A control circuit is provided for disengaging the clutch when the engine speed is idling and the vehicle brake is actuated with the select valve of the transmission is in a running range and the engine throttle valve in a closed position so that the forward driving gear train is disconnected.

Abstract: A four-wheel drive mechanism for a front-wheel drive vehicle includes a final drive mechanism driven from the output shaft of the engine, which transmits power through a differential to the front drive wheels, and through a gear set and an overrunning clutch to the rear axleshafts. The gear ratio of the gear set is established so that the outer race of the clutch is driven slower than the speed of the front drive wheels so that the rear axleshafts in normal driving conditions are not driven. If, however, the front wheels slip relative to the road surface, the clutch will transmit power to the rear axleshafts or to one rear axleshaft that turns slower than the rear axleshaft. A roller cage retains the rollers and is biased by a spring into contact with a drag surface that is selectively connected to and disconnected from the casing of the drive mechanism.

Abstract: An automatic clutch control system for controlling a vehicle master clutch (14) drivingly interposed a throttle controlled engine (12) and a change gear transmission (10) having a clutch protection portion (70) to prevent the clutch from destructively overheating due to excessive slipping is provided. The clutch protection portion (70) includes a device for maintaining a variable parameter simulating clutch operating temperature (110) and devices (104 and 116) for causing said variable parameter to be increased and decreased, respectively, at first and second rates selected to simulate clutch heating and cooling rates, respectively. A signal generating device (126) is responsive to the simulated value exceeding a predetermined limit to generate a clutch protection output singal (84) effective to cause the clutch to be operated in a non-slipping, preferably fully engaged, mode of operation.

Abstract: The control system comprises a starting valve wherein an engine revolution speed indicative fluid pressure and a start adjustment fluid pressure act on a spool of the valve against each other. The starting valve generates a start pressure to be used as a clutch engagement pressure for a hydraulic clutch. The start adjustment fluid pressure is generated by a start adjustment valve coupled with an electronic control unit. Under the control of the electronic control unit, the start adjustment offsets a variation in the engine revolution fluid pressure when the engine idles with the vehicle at a standstill.

Abstract: The hand tool includes a drive shaft formed with axially spaced cylindrical portions has a work engaging member thereon. A bearing assembly comprised of two oppositely acting clutch units slideable within a tubular handle to engage one or the other of the cylindrical portions on the drive shaft to determine the direction in which the drive shaft rotates. When the clutch units are engaged with both cylindrical portions, then the tubular handle is coupled directly to the drive shaft so that the shaft is rotated in whichever direction the handle is twisted.

Abstract: A socket wrench drive is provided in which an inclined bearing drive mechanism is used, this mechanism being reversible by selectively maintaining one or the other set of bearings in non-wedging position with a special keeper while the other set is permitted to wedge.

Abstract: A freewheel hub assembly has a wheel hub rotatably supported by a bearing on a steering knucle and a freewheel mechanism is provided for connecting the wheel hub with a driving axle in such a manner that a rotating torque can be transmitted from the axle to the wheel hub but the wheel hub is freely rotatable when the axle is not rotating. The freewheel mechanism includes a roller cage carrying a plurality of rollers. A retarder shoe is attached to one axial end of the cage. The one end of the cage is formed with a plurality of circumferentially spaced axial cutouts to provide a plurality of axial projections and the retarder shoe is formed with cutouts complementary to the axial projections of the cage so that the retarder shoe can be axially slidably fitted to the cage.

Abstract: A clutch mechanism for a power transmission system including one drive member and two driven members, in which at least one pair of roller clutch members are interposed between the drive member and two driven members so as to transmit power from the drive member to the driven members independently of each other. The clutch mechanism effectively performs conventional differential and differential-locking functions with a simplified construction.

Abstract: The control system controls a lock-up type automatic transmission such that the forced lock-up of a lock-up torque converter is released only after a predetermined condition after the supply of fuel to the engine has been resumed by a fuel supplying means.

Abstract: In the regulation of a motor-drive unit for a motor vehicle having a heat-engine and a continuously variable ratio transmission, in a clutch-engaged phase the heat-engine fuel feed is controlled so that it is a function of the displacement of the accelerator pedal of the vehicle and of the speed of the heat-engine such that the power delivered by the engine is substantially equal to the power required for that displacement of the accelerator pedal. In addition, the transmission ratio is controlled so that the speed of the heat-engine approaches an ideal speed which depends upon the power required and is predetermined for operation of the motor-drive unit which is optimalized in accordance with a chosen criterion. Operation is thus obtained with, for example, minimum consumption or pollution while taking into account, in the transient phase, the operation desired by the driver.

Abstract: A hybrid power system and method in which a piston engine prime mover having a direct crank shaft power output is combined with a kinetic energy storing flywheel and a variable speed transmission in a manner such that the flywheel serves both as a crank shaft flywheel and as a supply of kinetic energy used to augment the power developed by the prime mover, as a substitute for prime mover developed power or as an auxiliary source of power for continued operation of prime mover driven accessories while the prime mover is shut off. The system enables the storage of kinetic energy resulting from the momentum of an inertial load such as an automotive vehicle and in doing so, conserves the kinetic energy of vehicular deceleration and enables engine shut-down during intermittent operation such as operation of an automotive vehicle under city driving conditions. The variable speed transmission is preferably an infinitely variable or I.V.

Abstract: An automatic decelerator device for use in crawler-type vehicles such as a bulldozer or the like comprising a vehicle speed change lever means having a plurality of speed stages for forward and backward drives, a plurality of solenoid operated valves provided in a transmission for controlling the same to change over the vehicle speed and/or the drive direction, controller means adapted to actuate brake means and a decelerator, a comparator for comparing an actual vehicle speed with a preset vehicle speed so as to detect whether the actual vehicle speed is higher or lower than the preset one thereby generating a signal corresponding to the detection result, and a solenoid operated valve control circuit for controlling the controller means and the solenoid operated valves in response to the signal.

Abstract: An actuator system for a two-way overrunning roller clutch system includes a resilient torque transfer element which couples a wheel spindle and an aactuator ring. The torque transfer element minimizes potential damage due to misalignment between actuator and spindle parts. The actuator ring is banded by coiled garter springs to provide for frictional resilient engagement thereof with a clutch friction ring, the latter having its external circumference in mating contact with the internal circumference of the actuator ring. The degree of friction between the actuator and friction rings is controlled by garter spring tension to produce desired clutch actuation response.

Abstract: A ratchet wrench with an improved reversing and socket releasing mechanism.

Abstract: An automatic transmission for a motor vehicle of the type having a mechanical planetary gear train with hydraulically actuatable gear shift elements has a gear select lever having a plurality of selectable forward drive positions, including automatic forward drive (D). A manual control valve, responsive to the position of the select lever, supplies a first pressurized hydraulic fluid to a selected gear shift element, e.g. a forward gear clutch, when the lever is in one of said forward drive positions. A control system which selectively interrupts the supply of fluid to the selected element comprises a main control valve, and a second fluid pressure acting on the main control valve to connect the supply of the first fluid to the gear shift element for engaging the element.

Abstract: A free wheel hub mechanism made up of a body secured to a wheel, an inner race secured to an axle shaft and rotatable therewith, means for engaging the inner race with the body only upon rotation of the shaft and for otherwise permitting free rotation of the body. A shoe receiving member is secured to a spindle sleeve of the axle shaft and has a receiving surface which crosses the axle shaft at substantially a right angle. A shoe means maintains the engaging means in its engaged condition, the shoe means having a sliding surface which crosses the axle shaft at a substantially right angle, and a spring biases the sliding surface of the shoe means against the receiving surface of the shoe receiving member.

Abstract: An automatic coupling or torque transfer device for connecting an input shaft to an output shaft, comprising a double free-wheel system, each of the elementary free wheels functioning for one rotational direction. Cocking of the free wheels is accomplished by means of the control of the rotational direction. The main application is to the transmission of an automotive vehicle.

Abstract: A free wheel hub apparatus for vehicles having a wheel hub and an axle shaft includes a body integrally rotated with the wheel hub, an inner member disposed within the body and integrally rotated with the axle shaft, a bearing member interposed between the inner member and the body, a plurality of rollers interposed between the inner member and the body, a cage for supporting the rollers, and frictional means for engaging or disengaging the cage with or from a knuckle or the body according to the axial movement of the cage by a handle.

Abstract: A semi-automatic roller type locking clutch for use between concentric rotational driving and driven members comprises a semi-automatic locking means and a manually activated locking means. The semi-automatic locking means is adapted to displace a plurality of rollers each disposed within a plurality of grooves circumferentially disposed on one member up onto one edge of the grooves and into contact with one edge of each of a plurality of grooves disposed on the other member whenever the driving member rotates faster than the driven member. The manually activated locking means is adapted to urge a clutch ring member slidably splined to one member into splined engagement with the other member when the members are nonrotational with respect to each other.

Abstract: A clutch adapted for use in a four-wheel drive vehicle or the like and between concentric driving and driven members having a plurality of axially extending grooves opening radially toward the other member. A plurality of rollers are disposed within the grooves. Torque responsive means moves the rollers radially out of the grooves to one edge thereof and into contact with the driven member, thereby locking the driven member to the driving member whenever the driving member rotates faster or slower than the driven member. Means responsive to the driven member rotation displaces the rollers from one edge of the grooves to a position on the opposite edge of the grooves and into re-engagement with the driven member, thereby locking the driven member to the driving member whenever the driving member attempts to rotate slower than the driven member.

Abstract: A power transfer mechanism incorporated in a multiple path drive system comprises a transfer case disposed between a source of input torque and a pair of drive axles. Torque is transferred directly to the fixed axle and, when required, is transferred automatically to the steering axle through a double-acting overrunning clutch. A friction clutch provides a preset constant friction drive through a separate path in parallel with the overrunning clutch for independent torque transfer from the steering axle to the fixed axle.

Abstract: A power transfer mechanism incorporated in a multiple path drive system comprises a transfer case disposed between a source of input torque and a pair of drive axles. Torque is transferred directly to the fixed axle and is transferred automatically to the steering axle through a double-acting overrunning clutch when required. The clutch is biased toward one engaged position and is prevented from locking inadvertently in the other engaged position by a cam operated blocking device. The device also assists in biasing the clutch.

Abstract: A power transfer mechanism incorporated in a multiple path drive system comprising a source of input torque, a transfer case, and a pair of drive axles having equal axle ratios. Torque is transferred directly to the first drive axle and, when required, is transferred automatically to the second drive axle through a path including a freewheel device. Another path is provided in parallel with the freewheel device for torque transfer from the second drive axle to the first drive axle.

Abstract: A power transfer mechanism incorporated in a multiple path drive system comprises a transfer case disposed between a source of input torque and a pair of drive axles. Torque is transferred directly to the fixed axle and is transferred automatically to the steering axle through a double-acting overrunning clutch when required. The clutch is biased to advance toward one engaged position, but is prevented from locking by a direction-sensitive latch so long as a normal overrunning condition is present.

Abstract: A power transfer mechanism incorporated in a multiple path drive system comprises a transfer case disposed between a source of input torque and a pair of drive axles. Torque is transferred directly to one drive axle and is transferred automatically to the other drive axle through a double-acting roller clutch when required. The clutch is biased toward its engaged position by frictional contact between drag shoes and the case, the shoes themselves being biased toward frictional contact. Clutch bias is supplemented by the action of centrifugal force. The transfer case is constructed such that it may be assembled in two configurations; one in which the output shafts are coaxial and offset from the input shaft, and the other in which the input shaft and one output shaft are coaxial, the other output shaft being offset therefrom. Assembly in either configuration is simplified by the use of interchangeable parts to a large extent.

Abstract: A pair of bi-directional roller clutches are connected through outer races to separate gear sets and share a common inner race connected to a driven shaft. A shifting member is slidably mounted on the common inner race and is selectively engagable with the retainers of the roller clutches, thereby locking the rollers of the engaged clutch in the free-wheeling mode and releasing the rollers of the other clutch, allowing that clutch to engage when its races are rotating at synchronous speeds and thus drive through its associated gear set.

Abstract: The invention relates to lock mechanisms by which a missile or analogous tem may be prevented from undergoing an undesired launch or ignition. Specifically, the invention is a rotating lock mechanism which may be rotated in precise clockwise and counterclockwise steps by an electrical stepper motor or other source of precise rotation, in response to a predetermined sequence of electrical pulses.