Abstract: An system for recognition of a translocating polymeric target molecule includes a device having at least one constriction that is sized to permit translocation of only a single copy of the molecule. A pair of spaced apart sensing electrodes border the constriction, which may be a nanopore. The first electrode is connected to a first affinity element and the second electrode is connected to a second affinity element. Each affinity element may connected to its corresponding electrode via one or more intermediary compounds, such as a linker molecule and/or an electrode attachment molecule. The first and second affinity elements are configured to temporarily form hydrogen bonds with first and second portions of the target molecule as the latter passes through the constriction. During translocation, the electrodes affinity elements and first and second portions of the target molecule complete an electrical circuit and allow a measurable electrical current to pass between the first and second electrodes.

Abstract: An analyte sensor is provided that comprises a substrate which includes a semiconductor material. Embodiments may include a core of a conductive material, and a cladding of a semiconductor material, in which the cladding may form at least a portion of a conducting path for a working electrode of the analyte sensor. Method of manufacturing and using the analyte sensor are described, as are numerous other aspects.

Abstract: Test strip and method of operating thereof are provided. The test strip, from the top down, comprises a cover, an insulating layer, an electrode set, and a substrate. More particularly, the electrode set at least comprises a first electrode, a second electrode, and a third electrode. The insulating layer comprises a track, and the cover comprises an inlet, an indication line, and at least one vent. With the third electrode and the indication line in accordance with the present invention, a user may confirm the operation status of the test strip and the loading status of biological samples with ease to improve the accuracy of testing.

Abstract: An apparatus for insertion of a medical device in the skin of a subject is provided, as well as methods of inserting medical devices.

Abstract: A coated electrode includes an electrode, a coating configured to immobilize biomolecules, and a coating configured to improve electron transfer rate. Methods of making the coated electrode are also provided. A biosensor comprises a plurality of electrodes, each electrode including the coated electrode.

Abstract: A biochip for molecular detection and sensing is disclosed. The biochip includes a substrate. The biochip includes a plurality of discrete sites formed on the substrate having a density of greater than five hundred wells per square millimeter. Each discrete site includes sidewalls disposed on the substrate to form a well. Each discrete site includes an electrode disposed at the bottom of the well. In some embodiments, the wells are formed such that cross-talk between the wells is reduced. In some embodiments, the electrodes disposed at the bottom of the wells are organized into groups of electrodes, wherein each group of electrodes shares a common counter electrode. In some embodiments, the electrode disposed at the bottom of the well has a dedicated counter electrode. In some embodiments, surfaces of the sidewalls are silanized such that the surfaces facilitate the forming of a membrane in or adjacent to the well.

Abstract: Devices for controlling the capture, trapping, and transport of macromolecules include at least one fluidic transport nanochannel that intersects and is in fluid communication with at least one transverse nanochannel with (shallow) regions and/or with integrated transverse electrodes that enable fine control of molecule transport dynamics and facilitates analyses of interest, e.g., molecular identification, length determination, localized (probe) mapping and the like.

Abstract: An integrated multifunction sensor, a mobile integrated sensor device, and process are described that include a sensor, where the sensor is used primarily for a first purpose other than as an electrode. In an implementation, an integrated multifunction sensor includes a multifunction sensor configured as a sensor and a first electrode, the multifunction sensor including a lid coupled to a first side of the sensor, where the lid includes a semi-conductive material, and an analog device connected to the lid; where the multifunction sensor is configured to couple to a controller that receives health information from the first electrode and a second electrode. In some embodiments, the integrated multifunction sensor can include an integrated optical sensor. In some implementations, a second electrode may be located elsewhere in a mobile integrated sensor device and complete a differential circuit.

Abstract: In aspects of the present disclosure, a no coding blood glucose monitoring unit including a calibration unit is integrated with one or more components of an analyte monitoring system to provide compatibility with in vitro test strip that do not require a calibration code is provided. Also disclosed are methods, systems, devices and kits for providing the same.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a module type microfluidic chip comprising: (a) printing electrode patterns on a substrate using a conductive ink and inkjet printing; (b) cutting the printed electrode patterns; and (c) assembling the cut electrode patterns to manufacture the module type microfluidic paper chip. Unlike the traditional method for manufacturing printed circuit substrate using a patterning agent or device, the method of the present invention only incorporates a simple printing process using an inkjet printer, and thus patterning can be simplified and various types of chips can be manufactured depending on the assembly type of electrode patterns. Accordingly, inexpensive, economical, and highly utilizable microfluidic chips can be provided using the method of the present invention.

Abstract: An immunobiosensor is disclosed. The immunobiosensor is based on a membrane lateral flow immuno-chromatographic assay (LF-ICA). The immunobiosensor includes: a metal binding protein 10 whose conformation changes upon reaction with a metal ion 1 in a sample; a sensing antibody 20 reacting with the conformationally changed metal binding protein 10 as an antigen; a signal substance 30 conjugated with the metal binding protein 10 or the sensing antibody 20 to form a signal conjugate 30a or 30b; a signal generator 40 reacting with the signal conjugate 30a or 30b to generate a reaction signal; and a reaction strip 50 in the form of a porous membrane adapted to move the sample and where the antigen-antibody reaction occurs and the reaction signal is generated. Also disclosed is a sensor system including the immunobiosensor.

Abstract: There is disclosed a system for electrical charge detection comprising a nanoFET device. Also disclosed is a method of electrical charge detection for single molecule sequencing. The method includes attaching a macromolecule or assemblies thereof to a gate of a nanoFET device and flowing in a solution of charge tags, where a charge tag includes a nucleotide attached to a charge complex. The method also includes incorporating one charge tag into the macromolecule or assemblies thereof and cleaving the charge tags from the macromolecule or assemblies thereof. The method further includes detecting at least one of current and voltage from the nanoFET device.

Abstract: A high aspect ratio shadow mask and a method of making and using the high aspect ratio shadow mask can provide multiple conductive trace pathways along high aspect ratio electrodes. The high aspect ratio shadow mask can include a substantially planar base layer and a plurality of hollow high aspect ratio projections extending from the substantially planar base layer. The high aspect ratio shadow mask can further include a plurality of openings along the hollow projections which define trace deposition patterns.

Abstract: Specific ionic interactions with a sensing material that is electrically coupled with the floating gate of a floating gate-based ion sensitive field effect transistor (FGISFET) may be used to sense a target material. For example, an FGISFET can use (e.g., previously demonstrated) ionic interaction-based sensing techniques with the floating gate of floating gate field effect transistors. The floating gate can serves as a probe and an interface to convert chemical and/or biological signals to electrical signals, which can be measured by monitoring the change in the device's threshold voltage, VT.

Abstract: A method of producing a non-planar conforming circuit on a non-planar surface includes creating a first set of conforming layers. The first set of conforming layers is created by applying an oxide dielectric layer to the surface, applying a conductive material layer to the oxide dielectric layer, applying a resist layer to the conductive material layer, patterning the resist layer according to a desired circuit layout, etching the surface to remove exposed conductive material, and stripping the resist layer. The process may be repeated to form multiple layers of conforming circuits with electrical connections between layers formed by blind microvias. The resulting set of conforming layers can be sealed.

Abstract: Provided is an electrochemical test strip, including: a sampling end disposed on a wide side of the electrochemical test strip to receive a sample; a connection end disposed on another wide side of the electrochemical test strip to connect with a measuring meter; and at least one protrusion disposed on a long side of the electrochemical test strip. A strip board and method for generating the electrochemical test strip are further provided.

Abstract: Methods for forming a string of memory cells, apparatuses having a string of memory cells, and systems are disclosed. One such method for forming a string of memory cells forms a source material over a substrate. A capping material may be formed over the source material. A select gate material may be formed over the capping material. A plurality of charge storage structures may be formed over the select gate material in a plurality of alternating levels of control gate and insulator materials. A first opening may be formed through the plurality of alternating levels of control gate and insulator materials, the select gate material, and the capping material. A channel material may be formed along the sidewall of the first opening. The channel material has a thickness that is less than a width of the first opening, such that a second opening is formed by the semiconductor channel material.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides, inter alia, genetically encoded recombinant peptide biosensors comprising analyte-binding framework portions and signaling portions, wherein the signaling portions are present within the framework portions at sites or amino acid positions that undergo a conformational change upon interaction of the framework portion with an analyte.

Abstract: The invention discloses methods and devices for rapidly detecting a biological and/or chemical residue in a liquid sample. In some embodiments of the instant invention, a single antenna is generally employed in proximity to an aqueous solution in a disposable cup, with electrical outputs being recorded by an electrical metering device in communication with the single antenna. Commercial plastic cups may be used for detection of electric fields related to cleanliness of water samples. General and specific target detection may be performed with various embodiments of the instant invention.

Abstract: Systems and methods of use for continuous analyte measurement of a host's vascular system are provided. In some embodiments, a continuous glucose measurement system includes a vascular access device, a sensor and sensor electronics, the system being configured for insertion into communication with a host's circulatory system.

Abstract: A method for providing an integrated circuit such that first and second sensing electrodes respectively have at their surfaces first and second receptor molecules for selectively binding to first and second analytes of interest; exposing the integrated circuit to a sample potentially comprising at least one of the first and second analytes, providing a first bead having a first electrical signature attached to a first molecule having a conformation/affinity for binding to the first sensing electrode dependent on the presence of the first analyte; providing a second bead having a second electrical signature attached to a second molecule having a conformation/affinity for binding to the second sensing electrode dependent on the presence of the second analyte; and determining the presence of the electrical signature of the first and/or second bead(s) on the first and second sensing electrodes respectively. An IC for implementing this method.

Abstract: A biosensor including a capillary chamber having an inner boundary, a working electrode including an effective working electrode portion positioned within the capillary chamber, and a counter electrode including an effective counter electrode portion positioned within the capillary chamber, and with the working and counter electrodes each having a neck that constitutes the sole portion of the electrodes that extends across the inner boundary and out of the capillary chamber. In one embodiment, the effective working electrode portion defines an average working electrode width, and the working electrode neck defines a working electrode neck width that is reduced relative to the average working electrode width.

Abstract: Systems and methods of use involving sensors having a particle-containing domain are provided for continuous analyte measurement in a host. In some embodiments, a continuous analyte measurement system is configured to be wholly, transcutaneously, intravascularly or extracorporeally implanted.

Abstract: Embodiments of a nanotip sensor for detecting and identifying chemical or biological particulates in a sample are disclosed. The nanotip sensor may include a plurality of nanotips, each with a cathode, an anode, and a gap between the cathode and the anode. An adsorbed particulate from the sample may bridge the gap between the cathode and the anode, forming an electrical circuit. A conductive spectrum of the particulates in the sample that are adsorbed onto the nanotips of the sensor may be determined, and by comparing the conductive spectrum of the sample with conductive spectrums of known particulates, one or more specific particulates contained in the sample may be detected and identified. Techniques to augment the specificity of the sensor and to clean the sensor for re-use are disclosed. Embodiments of systems and methods that use the nanotip sensor to detect chemical and biological particulates are disclosed.

Abstract: A planar patch clamp device comprising: an electrical insulating substrate (2) having a first surface having a cell arrangement region and a second surface of the opposite surface and having a through hole (3) in the cell arrangement region which does not pass cells, but pass liquid; a first reservoir (6) provided at the first surface side (2S) of the electrical insulating substrate (2) to be able to communicate with the through hole (3) and hold a first conductive liquid; a first electrode part (7) arranged to be able to be electrically conductive with the first reservoir (6) through the first conductive liquid; a second reservoir (6?) provided at the second surface side (2S?) of the electrical insulating substrate to be able to communicate with the through hole (3) and hold a second conductive liquid; a second electrode part (7?) arranged to be able to be electrically conductive with the second reservoir (6?) through the second conductive liquid; a supply path (8) connected to the second reservoir (6?) and

Abstract: Compositions and methods for reconstituting a protein of interest in the plasma membrane of a Xenopus oocyte are disclosed. The method generally includes combining a preassembled membrane protein or proteins with a liposome to prepare a proteo-liposome. The proteo-liposome can have a specific composition of lipids. The proteo-liposome is incubated for sufficient time and under conditions suitable for the protein of interest to fold, associate with, or insert into the liposome's lipid bilayer. In some embodiments, the protein or proteins assemble into a protein channel or complex on or in the proteo-liposome's membrane. The treated oocytes can be used to determine the structure, function, or activity of the membrane protein of interest, the effect of a lipid microenvironment on a membrane protein of interest, or to identify compounds that modulate the function or activity of the membrane protein of interest.

Abstract: Dual-gate ion-sensitive field effect transistors (ISFETs) for disease diagnostics are disclosed herein. An exemplary dual-gate ISFET includes a gate structure and a fluidic gate structure disposed over opposite surfaces of a device substrate. The gate structure is disposed over a channel region defined between a source region and a drain region in the device substrate. The fluidic gate structure includes a sensing well that is disposed over the channel region. The sensing well includes a sensing layer and an electrolyte solution. The electrolyte solution includes a constituent that can react with a product of an enzymatic reaction that occurs when an enzyme-modified detection mechanism detects an analyte. The sensing layer can react with a first ion generated from the enzymatic reaction and a second ion generated from a reaction between the product of the enzymatic reaction and the constituent, such that the dual-gate ISFET generates an enhanced electrical signal.

Abstract: A multimodal sensor includes first conductive electrodes that are arranged in parallel with one another, being spaced from one another by a certain distance, an insulating layer that is formed on the first conductive electrodes, second conductive electrodes that are formed on the insulating layer, crossing the first conductive electrodes, and are arranged in parallel with one another, being spaced from one another, and a controller that applies voltages to the first and second conductive electrodes. The controller detects capacitance formed between the first and second conductive electrodes, and senses an external temperature, intensity of a pressure or a position, to which a pressure is applied, in response to a variation of the capacitance.

Abstract: Methods for determining the hematocrit of a blood sample, and devices and systems used in conjunction with the same. The hematocrit value can be determined on its own, and further, it can be further used to determine a concentration of an analyte in a sample. In one exemplary embodiment of a method for determining the hematocrit value in a blood sample, a volume of blood is provided in a sample analyzing device having a working and a counter electrode. An electric potential is applied between the electrodes and an initial fill velocity of the sample into the device is calculated. The hematocrit of the blood, as well as a concentration of an analyte in view of the initial fill velocity can then be determined. Systems and devices that take advantage of the use of an initial fill velocity to determine hematocrit levels and make analyte concentration determinations are also provided.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a method for detecting an analyte concentration. The method includes providing a test strip, which includes a first electrode set including a first reaction area, a second electrode set including a second reaction area, and a reaction reagent layer disposed on the second reaction area. The method includes providing a blood sample and bringing the blood sample into contact with the first electrode set and the second electrode set, applying a first voltage to the first electrode set by voltammetry to obtain a first response value, calculating a hematocrit value according to the first response value, applying a second voltage to the second electrode set to obtain a second response value, and calculating the actual value of the analyte concentration by using the hematocrit value and the second response value.

Abstract: Devices, systems, and methods for facilitating placement of cells and materials in culture plates configured for high-throughput applications are provided. A culture system is provided with a culture plate having a lid for guiding placement of cells and materials in each individual culture well of a culture plate. The lid may provide for coupling to an electrophysiology culture plate comprising a biosensor plate and a biologic culture plate, where the biosensor plate underlies and is coupled to the culture well plate such that each biosensor is operatively coupled to one culture well of the plurality of culture wells. A containment device that physically influences the positioning of fluid received in the culture plate is also provided herein.

Abstract: An electrochemical system with reduced limiting-current behavior is disclosed. The electrochemical system is useful for fuel cells and bio-sensors. In part, the invention relates a method of reducing or eliminating limiting-current behavior in the operation electrochemical systems, in particular those with ion-selective membrane or electrochemical electrodes, by spatially reducing the convection near the membrane or the electrode. The invention further relates to electrochemical systems in which micropores, microarrays or pillar arrays are used to reduce convection in comparison to conventional systems without microarrays, micropores or pillar arrays.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of and apparatus for determining concentration of an analyte, such as glucose, in a fluid sample, such as body fluid or control solution, using a mediated redox reaction. In particular, the method relates to mitigation of the effects of haematocrit on the response of sensor device used in such a method or apparatus.

Abstract: The presence of oxygen or red blood cells in a sample applied to an electrochemical test strip that makes use of a reduced mediator is corrected for by an additive correction factor that is determined as a function of the temperature of the sample and a measurement that reflects the oxygen carrying capacity of the sample. The measured oxygen carrying capacity can also be used to determine hematocrit and to distinguish between blood samples and control solutions applied to a test strip.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for determining an analyte value are disclosed.

Abstract: Provided is a blood component measuring device or the like that can further suppress the measurement error of a blood component. The device detects an oxidation-reduction current generated by oxidation-reduction when a first voltage is applied to a first electrode pair 21, 22 of a biosensor 1, and converts the oxidation-reduction current (glucose response value) into a glucose conversion value. The device detects a current generated when a second voltage is applied to a second electrode pair 23, 24 of the biosensor 1, and converts the detected current (blood cell amount response value) into a blood cell amount conversion value. The glucose response value is measured more than once and the blood cell amount response value is also measured more than once within a predetermined period after the introduction of the blood into the biosensor 1.

Abstract: Dual-gate ion-sensitive field effect transistors (ISFETs) for disease diagnostics are disclosed herein. An exemplary dual-gate ISFET includes a gate structure and a fluidic gate structure disposed over opposite surfaces of a device substrate. The gate structure is disposed over a channel region defined between a source region and a drain region in the device substrate. The fluidic gate structure includes a sensing well that is disposed over the channel region. The sensing well includes a sensing layer and an electrolyte solution. The electrolyte solution includes a constituent that can react with a product of an enzymatic reaction that occurs when an enzyme-modified detection mechanism detects an analyte. The sensing layer can react with a first ion generated from the enzymatic reaction and a second ion generated from a reaction between the product of the enzymatic reaction and the constituent, such that the dual-gate ISFET generates an enhanced electrical signal.

Abstract: A technique that uses nanotechnology to electrically detect and identify RNA sequences without the need for using enzymatic amplification methods or fluorescent labels. The technique may be scaled into large multiplexed arrays for high-throughput and rapid screening. The technique is further able to differentiate closely related variants of a given bacterial or viral species or strain. This technique addresses the need for a quick, efficient, and inexpensive bacterial and viral detection and identification system.

Abstract: Devices are provided for measurement of an analyte concentration, e.g., glucose in a host. The device can include a sensor configured to generate a signal associated with a concentration of an analyte; and a sensing membrane located over the sensor. The sensing membrane comprises a diffusion resistance domain configured to control a flux of the analyte therethrough. The diffusion resistance domain comprises one or more zwitterionic compounds and a base polymer comprising both hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to systems, methods, and devices for determining the concentration of an analyte in a sample. The use of linear, cyclic, or acyclic voltammetric scans and/or semi-integral, derivative, or semi-derivative data treatment may provide for increased accuracy when determining the concentration of an analyte in a sample. Hematocrit compensation in combination with the data treatments may reduce the hematocrit effect with regard to a glucose analysis in whole blood. In another aspect, fast scan rates may reduce the hematocrit effect.

Abstract: The present disclosure is related to display panels, especially to flexible electronic devices. By means of adding an inorganic membrane with surface roughness between a bonding layer and a PI film, in order to effectively improve the dimensional stability of plastic substrate and the water/oxygen barrier property of flexible substrate during the PI film fabrication and the follow-up process, improving the yield of good products and prolonging the working life thereof.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to membranes composed of heterocyclic nitrogen groups, such as vinylpyridine and to electrochemical sensors equipped with such membranes. The membranes are useful in limiting the diffusion of an analyte to a working electrode in an electrochemical sensor so that the sensor does not saturate and/or remains linearly responsive over a large range of analyte concentrations. Electrochemical sensors equipped with membranes described herein demonstrate considerable sensitivity and stability, and a large signal-to-noise ratio, in a variety of conditions.

Abstract: To provide a biosensor including a suctioning mechanism while using a detection element such as a surface acoustic wave device, included are: a first cover member 1 including an element-accommodating recess 5 on an upper face thereof; a detection element 3 including an element substrate 10, and at least one detection unit 13 located on the upper face of the element substrate 10 to perform detection of an analyte; and a second cover member 2 joined to the first cover member 1 and covering the detection element 3, and including an inflow port 14 from which the analyte flows in and a groove 15 extending from the inflow port 14 to at least above the detection unit.

Abstract: The present invention disclosed a biosensor apparatus comprising a substrate on which a reaction region is defined, a fluid channel defining a path to the reaction region, and a venting means communicably coupled with the fluid channel and opening exterior of the biosensor apparatus at a perimeter side of the biosensor apparatus. The present invention allows air to exit the fluid channel through perimeter sides of the biosensor apparatus without adding significant manufacturing complexity.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods, systems, assemblies, and articles for capturing single cells with a capture chip. In certain embodiments, the capture chip comprises a substrate comprising a plurality of cell-sized dimples or wells that each allow a single cell to be captured from a cell suspension. In some embodiments, the dimples or wells of the capture chip align with the holes or wells of a multi-well through-hole chip, and/or a multi-well chip, such that the cell, or the contents of the single cell, may be transferred to a corresponding well of the multi-well chip. In particular embodiments, the bottom of each dimple or well of the capture chip has a positive electrical charge sufficient to attract cells from a cell suspension flowing over the dimples or wells.

Abstract: A sensor strip cartridge and a biometric information measuring method and apparatus using the same are provided. The biometric information measuring apparatus includes a cartridge accommodator configured to accommodate a sensor strip cartridge including at least one sensor strip, a cartridge information reader configured to read cartridge information about the sensor strip cartridge from the sensor strip cartridge, a controller configured to receive biometric information through the sensor strip, and correct the received biometric information by using a biometric information correction reference corresponding to the cartridge information, and an outputter configured to output the corrected biometric information.

Abstract: Devices are presented for measurement of an analyte concentration. The devices comprise: a sensor configured to generate a signal indicative of a concentration of an analyte; and a sensing membrane located over the sensor. The sensing membrane comprises an enzyme domain comprising an enzyme, a base polymer, and a hydrophilic polymer which makes up from about 5 wt. % to about 30 wt. % of the enzyme domain.

Abstract: Disclosed are an organic semiconductor element, a fabrication method thereof, woven and non-woven fabric structures therewith, and a semiconductor device therewith. The organic semiconductor element comprising an organic semiconductor layer; a linear source electrode and a linear drain electrode provided in the organic semiconductor layer and spaced apart from and parallel to each other; a linear gate electrode provided on the organic semiconductor layer to cross the linear source and drain electrodes; and an electrolyte layer in contact with the organic semiconductor layer and the linear gate electrode.

Abstract: A susceptometer includes: a substrate; a plurality of electrodes including: a first pair of electrodes disposed on the substrate; a second pair of electrodes disposed on the substrate, the second pair of electrodes arranged collinear with the first pair of electrodes to form a set of aligned electrodes; and a third pair of electrodes disposed on the substrate, the third pair of electrodes arranged noncollinearly with set of aligned electrodes; and a solenoid circumscribingly disposed around the electrodes to: receive the sample such that the solenoid is circumscribingly disposed around the sample; receive an alternating current and produce an primary magnetic field based on the alternating current; and subject the sample to the primary magnetic field.

Abstract: A multi-function sensor includes a body that includes a sensing circuit disposed on a substrate, the sensing circuit including a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor, the temperature sensor being disposed on a flexible portion of the substrate. A method of fabrication and additional embodiments are disclosed.