Enzyme Included In Apparatus Patents (Class 204/403.14)
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Publication number: 20110180404Abstract: In a biosensor for measuring a specific substance in a liquid sample, one or a combination of sugar alcohol, metallic salt, organic acid or organic acid salt which has at least one carboxyl group in a molecule, and organic acid or organic acid salt which has at least one carboxyl group and one amino group in a molecule, is included in a reagent layer provided on electrodes, thereby providing a highly-accurate biosensor which is excellent in stability and has high response (sensitivity, linearity) of the sensor to the substrate concentration.Type: ApplicationFiled: December 21, 2010Publication date: July 28, 2011Inventors: Shoji Miyazaki, Hiroyuki Tokunaga, Masaki Fujiwara, Takahiro Nakaminami, Junko Nakayama, Eriko Yamanishi
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Publication number: 20110174614Abstract: Disclosed is an electrode for determining an analyte in a liquid medium, such as glucose in body subcutaneous fluids. The electrode includes a conductive surface and a matrix bound thereto. The matrix includes at least two species of components that comprise one or more species of enzymes and one or more species of metal nanonparticle. The components may be covalently bound to one another through one or more first binding moieties and the matrix may be covalently bound to the conductive surface through one or more same or different second binding moieties. The one or more enzyme species can catalyze a reaction in which an analyte is reacted to yield a product. The catalysis may alter the electric properties or response of the electrode.Type: ApplicationFiled: June 10, 2009Publication date: July 21, 2011Inventors: Itamar Willner, Ran Tel-Vered, Ilina Baravik
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Patent number: 7981363Abstract: A method of measuring an analyte in a biological fluid comprises applying an excitation signal having a DC component and an AC component. The AC and DC responses are measured; a corrected DC response is determined using the AC response; and a concentration of the analyte is determined based upon the corrected DC response. Other methods and devices are disclosed.Type: GrantFiled: January 8, 2008Date of Patent: July 19, 2011Assignees: Roche Diagnostics Operations, Inc., Roche Operations Ltd.Inventors: David W. Burke, Lance S. Kuhn, Terry A. Beaty, Vladimir Svetnik
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Publication number: 20110162978Abstract: A method and system is provided to allow for determination of substantially Hematocrit independent analyte concentration. In one example, an analyte measurement system is provided that includes a test strip and a test meter. The test strip includes a reference electrode and a working electrode, in which the working electrode is coated with a reagent layer. The test meter includes an electronic circuit and a signal processor. The electronic circuit applies a plurality of voltages to the reference electrode and the working electrode over respective durations. The signal processor is configured to determine a substantially hematocrit-independent concentration of the analyte from a plurality of current values as measured by the processor upon application of a plurality of test voltages to the reference and working electrodes over a plurality of durations interspersed with rest voltages lower than the test voltages being applied to the electrodes.Type: ApplicationFiled: January 22, 2010Publication date: July 7, 2011Applicant: LifeScan Scotland Ltd.Inventors: Marco F. CARDOSI, Stephen Patrick Blythe, Matthew Finch, Arlene Thompson, Nina Antonia Naylor, Eric Jason Bailey, Michael Patrick Dolan, Gretchen Anderson, Lorraine Comstock, Mary Mcevoy, Thomas Sutton, Richard Michael Day, Leanne Mills, Emma Vanessa Jayne Day, Christopher Philip Leach
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Patent number: 7972487Abstract: The invention concerns an electrochemical cell which, either alone or together which a substrate onto which it is placed, is in the form of a receptacle. The electrochemical cell contains a working electrode and a counter electrode, the working electrode being in a wall of the receptacle. At least one of the electrodes has at least one dimension of less than 50 ?m. The electrochemical cell is principally intended for use as a micro-electrode suitable for screening water, blood, urine or other biological or non-biological fluids.Type: GrantFiled: December 23, 2002Date of Patent: July 5, 2011Assignee: Roche Diagnostics Operations, Inc.Inventors: Mark Hyland, Kevin Lorimer, Ronald Neil Butler, Emma Naomi Kathlene Wallace-Davis, Yann Astier
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Publication number: 20110155584Abstract: Methods for determining the hematocrit of a blood sample, and devices and systems used in conjunction with the same. The hematocrit value can be determined on its own, and further, it can be further used to determine a concentration of an analyte in a sample. In one exemplary embodiment of a method for determining the hematocrit value in a blood sample, a volume of blood is provided in a sample analyzing device having a working and a counter electrode. An electric potential is applied between the electrodes and an initial fill velocity of the sample into the device is calculated. The hematocrit of the blood, as well as a concentration of an analyte in view of the initial fill velocity can then be determined. Systems and devices that take advantage of the use of an initial fill velocity to determine hematocrit levels and make analyte concentration determinations are also provided.Type: ApplicationFiled: December 30, 2009Publication date: June 30, 2011Applicant: LifeScan, Inc.Inventors: Ronald C. Chatelier, Dennis Rylatt, Linda Raineri, Alastair M. Hodges
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Publication number: 20110159481Abstract: Methods for sequencing nucleic acids are presented. Sequencing is accomplished through the chemical amplification of the products of DNA synthesis and the detection of the chemically amplified products. In embodiments of the invention, a substrate is provided having a plurality of molecules of DNA to be sequenced attached and a plurality of molecules capable of chelating pyrophosphate ions attached, the DNA molecules to be sequenced are primed, and a next complementary nucleotide is incorporated and excised a plurality of times leading to the buildup of pyrophosphate ions locally around the DNA molecule to be sequenced. Pyrophosphate ions are captured by the substrate-attached chelators and electronically detected to determine the identity of the next complementary nucleic acid in the DNA molecule to be sequenced. Additionally, devices and methods are provided for detecting biomolecules through the detection of pyrophosphate ions.Type: ApplicationFiled: December 30, 2009Publication date: June 30, 2011Inventors: David J. Liu, Xing Su, Kai Wu
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Publication number: 20110155585Abstract: Methods for determining a concentration of an analyte in a sample, and the devices and systems used in conjunction with the same, are provided herein. In one exemplary embodiment of a method for determining a concentration of an analyte in a sample, a sample including an analyte is provided in a sample analyzing device having a working and a counter electrode. An electric potential is applied between the electrodes and a fill time of the sample into the device is calculated. A concentration of the analyte in view of fill time can then be determined. Systems and devices that take advantage of the fill time to make analyte concentration determinations are also provided.Type: ApplicationFiled: December 30, 2009Publication date: June 30, 2011Applicant: LifeScan, Inc.Inventors: Ronald C. Chatelier, Alastair M. Hodges
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Publication number: 20110155576Abstract: A homogeneously-structured catalyst/enzyme composite structure formed by electrophoresis deposition (EPD) method. Catalyst and enzyme are simultaneously deposited onto the electrode surface by the EPD method, so as to form a film of catalyst/enzyme composite thereon. The film of catalyst/enzyme composite includes enzyme for catalyzing the biochemical reaction, and catalyst for increasing the rate of the electrochemical reaction, which are homogeneously mixed and forms a stable and three-dimensional structure. Also, this homogeneously-structured catalyst/enzyme composite is applicable as a working electrode of the bioreceptor in a mini-biosensor.Type: ApplicationFiled: September 22, 2010Publication date: June 30, 2011Applicant: National Taiwan University of Science and TechnologyInventors: Bing-Joe Hwang, Min-Hsin Yeh, Shih-Hong Chang, Chung-Chiun Liu, Chao-Shan Chou
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Publication number: 20110147210Abstract: Systems and methods are provided herein for improving the selectivity and productivity of sensors via digital signal processing techniques. According to one illustrative embodiment, in an electrochemical method for monitoring of a select analyte in a mixed sample with an interfering analyte, an improvement is provided that includes applying a large amplitude potential stimulus waveform to the sample to generate a nonlinear current signal; and resolving a signal contribution from the select analyte in the generated signal by a vector projection method with an analyte vector comprising a plurality of real and imaginary parts of one or more Fourier coefficients at one or more frequencies of a reference current signal for the select analyte.Type: ApplicationFiled: October 21, 2010Publication date: June 23, 2011Applicant: AGAMATRIX, INC.Inventors: Sridhar G. Iyengar, Daniel Haas, Craig Bolon, Ian Harding
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Publication number: 20110139617Abstract: The present invention concerns a new process for depositing a thick compact layer of biomolecules for instance such a layer with thickness in the ?m scale and, for depositing a thick compact layer of cells in the ?m scale. The deposited layer is made by application of an unbalanced (asymmetrical) alternating voltage polarization between two electrodes to a dissolved biomolecule or cell from low conductivity solutions. The process allows the rapid manufacturing of sensors and the coating of devices with functional cells and biomolecules. Examples are provided on the preparation of functional sensors such as a glucose, a lactose sensor, a hydrogen peroxide sensor and a glutamate sensor. Examples are also provided on the deposition of eukaryoric cells such as saccharomyces cerevisiae. The examples demonstrate a process that can be applied to coat devices with biomolecules and biological cells.Type: ApplicationFiled: November 12, 2010Publication date: June 16, 2011Applicant: Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, K.U.Leuven R&DInventors: Jan FRANSAER, Malika Ammam
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Publication number: 20110136022Abstract: There are provided a fuel cell and a production method therefor in which one or more types of enzymes or further coenzymes are enclosed in a micro space so that electrons can be efficiently extracted from a fuel such as glucose or the like by an enzyme reaction using the micro space as a reaction field, thereby producing electric energy, and in which the enzyme or further the coenzyme can be easily immobilized on an electrode. Enzymes 13 and 14 and a coenzyme 15 necessary for an enzyme reaction are enclosed in liposome 12, and the liposome 12 is immobilized on a surface of an electrode composed of porous carbon or the like to form an enzyme-immobilized electrode. An antibiotic 16 is bonded to a bimolecular lipid membrane constituting the liposome 12 to form one or more pores 17 permeable to glucose. The enzyme-immobilized electrode is used as, for example, a negative electrode of a biofuel cell.Type: ApplicationFiled: June 4, 2010Publication date: June 9, 2011Applicant: SONY CORPORATIONInventors: Ryuhei Matsumoto, Hideki Sakai, Yuichi Tokita, Shuji Fujita
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Patent number: 7955856Abstract: An auto-calibration system for diagnostic test strips is described for presenting data individually carried on each test strip readable by a diagnostic meter. The carried data may include an embedded code relating to data particular to that individual strip. The data is presented so as to be read by a meter associated with the diagnostic test strip in order to avoid manually inputting the information.Type: GrantFiled: November 9, 2006Date of Patent: June 7, 2011Assignee: Nipro Diagnostics, Inc.Inventors: Gary T. Neel, Brent E. Modzelewski, Allan Javier Caban, Adam Mark Will, Carlos Oti, Natasha Popovich, Stephen Davies
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Patent number: 7955483Abstract: The present invention provides a sensor, such as a biosensor, comprising at least one self-assembled monolayer (SAM) comprising analyte-sensitive groups, such as glucose-sensitive groups, attached to the surface of the outer wall of a carbon nanotube (CNT), such as a single-walled carbon nanotube (SWNT), by terminal groups, which bind to a thin layer of a metal or metal oxide, which has been deposited on the surface of the outer wall of the nanotube.Type: GrantFiled: June 3, 2005Date of Patent: June 7, 2011Assignee: Honeywell International Inc.Inventors: Yuandong Gu, Barrett E. Cole
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Patent number: 7951606Abstract: A bilirubin sensor has a working electrode with a first chemical matrix disposed thereon that contains a binder, a substrate electrode with a second chemical matrix dispose thereon that contains a binder and a chemical agent that consumes bilirubin, a reference electrode, a sample chamber containing the working electrode, the substrate electrode and the reference electrode, and a method of measuring bilirubin in a body fluid.Type: GrantFiled: May 24, 2010Date of Patent: May 31, 2011Assignee: Nova Biomedical CorporationInventors: Jianhong Pei, Mary M. Lauro, Chung Chang Young
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Publication number: 20110124993Abstract: Generally, embodiments of the present disclosure relate to analyte determining methods and devices (e.g., electrochemical analyte monitoring systems) that have improved uniformity of distribution of the sensing layer by inclusion of a self-polymerizing hydrogel, where the sensing layer is disposed proximate to a working electrode of in vivo and/or in vitro analyte sensors, e.g., continuous and/or automatic in vivo monitoring using analyte sensors and/or test strips. Also provided are systems and methods of using the, for example electrochemical, analyte sensors in analyte monitoring.Type: ApplicationFiled: November 24, 2009Publication date: May 26, 2011Inventors: Balasubrahmanya S. Bommakanti, Gary Sandhu, Udo Hoss
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Publication number: 20110114511Abstract: Disclosed are apparatuses for detecting one or more volatile organic compounds (VOCs). The apparatuses include a primary electrode and a reference electrode. One or more particles are coupled to the primary electrode and the one or more particles are coupled to one or more enzymes that are capable of undergoing a redox reaction with at least one VOC. The apparatus is configured to measure current or voltage generated between the primary electrode and the reference electrode in response to the redox reaction. The apparatuses can detect a variety of VOCs, including VOCs associated with lung cancer. Also disclosed are biosensor systems including the apparatuses and methods of using the biosensor systems.Type: ApplicationFiled: November 17, 2009Publication date: May 19, 2011Inventor: Angele SJONG
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Publication number: 20110105870Abstract: The invention relates to a biosensor comprising an electrically conductive substrate, with a first layer comprising Ruthenium Purple formed on the substrate, a second layer comprising polyaniline or a derivative thereof comprising one or more non-polar substituents formed on the first layer, and a third layer comprising one or more enzymes trapped within a matrix formed on the second layer. The biosensor is for use in the detection of analytes such as purines and derivatives thereof, particularly in the detection of hypoxanthine.Type: ApplicationFiled: January 3, 2008Publication date: May 5, 2011Inventors: Nicholas Dale, Faming Tian
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Patent number: 7935233Abstract: Disclosed are a tyrosinase enzyme electrode containing metal nanoparticles and its producing method. Metal nanoparticles are applied to a surface of a support with high chemical stability. Also, a buffer layer consisting of a self-assembled monolayer is formed on the metal nanoparticles. Such self-assembled monolayer is used to immobilize tyrosinase enzyme which was subsequently prepared. In other words, the self-assembled monolayer is arranged between the metal nanoparticles and the tyrosinase enzyme so as to immobilize the tyrosinase enzyme on the support. Introduction of the metal nanoparticles into the electrode contributes to improvement in detection limits of the tyrosinase enzyme electrode. In addition, the introduction of substrate induces the activation of enzyme.Type: GrantFiled: October 26, 2007Date of Patent: May 3, 2011Assignee: Gwangju Institute of Science and TechnologyInventors: Seung-Hyeon Moon, Gha-Young Kim
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Patent number: 7922883Abstract: A biosensor strip having a low profile for reducing the volume of liquid sample needed to perform an assay. In one embodiment, the biosensor strip includes an electrode support; an electrode arrangement on the electrode support; a cover; a sample chamber; and an incompressible element placed between the cover and the electrode support, the incompressible element providing an opening in at least one side or in the distal end of the sample chamber to provide at least one vent in the sample chamber. In another embodiment, the biosensor strip has an electrode support; an electrode arrangement on the electrode support; a cover; and a sample chamber, the cover having a plurality of openings formed therein, at least one of the openings in register with the sample chamber. The invention further includes methods for preparing such a biosensor strips in a continuous manner.Type: GrantFiled: July 2, 2007Date of Patent: April 12, 2011Assignee: Abbott LaboratoriesInventors: Adrian Petyt, Matt Bates, Pamela Reid, Andy Bull, Jeff Garner
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Publication number: 20110082356Abstract: Embodiments of the invention provide amperometric analyte sensors having optimized elements such as interference rejection membranes as well as methods for making and using such sensors. While embodiments of the innovation can be used in a variety of contexts, typical embodiments of the invention include glucose sensors used in the management of diabetes.Type: ApplicationFiled: October 1, 2009Publication date: April 7, 2011Applicant: Medtronic MiniMed, Inc.Inventors: Qingling Yang, Rajiv Shah, Megan E. Little, Chia-Hung Chiu
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Patent number: 7918976Abstract: Novel transition metal complexes of iron, cobalt, ruthenium, osmium, and vanadium are described. The transition metal complexes can be used as redox mediators in enzyme based electrochemical sensors. In such instances, transition metal complexes accept electrons from, or transfer electrons to, enzymes at a high rate and also exchange electrons rapidly with the sensor. The transition metal complexes include at least one substituted or unsubstituted biimidazole ligand and may further include a second substituted or unsubstituted biimidazole ligand or a substituted or unsubstituted bipyridine or pyridylimidazole ligand. Transition metal complexes attached to polymeric backbones are also described.Type: GrantFiled: August 10, 2006Date of Patent: April 5, 2011Assignee: Abbott Diabetes Care Inc.Inventors: Fei Mao, Adam Heller
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Publication number: 20110073494Abstract: Described and illustrated herein are systems and exemplary methods of operating a multianalyte measurement system having a meter and a test strip. In one embodiment, the method may be achieved by applying a test voltage between a reference electrode and a first working electrode; measuring a first test current, a second test current and a third test current at the working electrode with the meter after a blood sample containing an analyte is applied to the test strip; estimating a hematocrit-corrected analyte concentration from the first, second and third test currents; and displaying the hematocrit-corrected analyte concentration.Type: ApplicationFiled: September 3, 2010Publication date: March 31, 2011Inventors: David MCCOLL, Adam Craggs, Stephen MacKintosh, Steve Blythe, Marco Cardosi
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Publication number: 20110073493Abstract: An adhesive composition for use in devices and methods for measuring a presence or a concentration of a particular component, such as an antigen, in a sample, such as blood, are provided. In one exemplary embodiment of an adhesive composition, the composition includes an adhesive, water, a poloxamer, and an anticoagulant. The adhesive can include particular properties, such as being hydrophilic, pressure-sensitive, heat-activated, and/or water soluble. The adhesive is particularly useful because it can help improve the flow of sample a device. For example, when the device is an immunosensor, the adhesive can help prevent the blood from clotting in chambers of the immunosensor. This results in a more efficient and accurate determination of the concentration of the sample. Methods of making the composition and device in which the composition can be used are provided, as are methods of using the same.Type: ApplicationFiled: September 30, 2009Publication date: March 31, 2011Applicant: LifeScan, Inc.Inventors: Ronald C. Chatelier, Dennis Rylatt
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Patent number: 7909984Abstract: A sensor designed to determine the amount and concentration of analyte in a sample having a volume of less than about 1 ?L. The sensor has a working electrode coated with a non-leachable redox mediator. The redox mediator acts as an electron transfer agent between the analyte and the electrode. In addition, a second electron transfer agent, such as an enzyme, can be added to facilitate the electrooxidation or electroreduction of the analyte. The redox mediator is typically a redox compound bound to a polymer. The preferred redox mediators are air-oxidizable. The amount of analyte can be determined by coulometry. One particular coulometric technique includes the measurement of the current between the working electrode and a counter or reference electrode at two or more times. The charge passed by this current to or from the analyte is correlated with the amount of analyte in the sample. Other electrochemical detection methods, such as amperometric, voltammetric, and potentiometric techniques, can also be used.Type: GrantFiled: February 7, 2008Date of Patent: March 22, 2011Assignee: Abbott Diabetes Care Inc.Inventors: Adam Heller, Benjamin J. Feldman, James Say, Mark S. Vreeke
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Patent number: 7905999Abstract: A biosensor strip having a low profile for reducing the volume of liquid sample needed to perform an assay. In one embodiment, the biosensor strip comprises an electrode support; an electrode arrangement on said electrode support; a cover; a sample flow channel; and an incompressible element placed between said cover and said electrode support, the incompressible element providing an opening in at least one side or in the distal end of said sample flow channel to provide at least one vent in said sample flow channel. In another embodiment, the biosensor strip comprises an electrode support; an electrode arrangement on said electrode support; a cover; and a sample flow channel, the cover having a plurality of openings formed therein, at least one of the openings in register with said sample flow channel. The invention further includes methods for preparing such a biosensor strips in a continuous manner.Type: GrantFiled: June 8, 2005Date of Patent: March 15, 2011Assignee: Abbott LaboratoriesInventors: Adrian Petyt, Andrew Savage, Simon A. Hector
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Patent number: 7905998Abstract: A biosensor comprises a space part for sucking and housing a sample formed of two upper and lower plates, the two plates being stuck together by an adhesive layer, the space part for sucking and housing the sample being constituted so as to be partially opened in the peripheral part and partially closed by the adhesive layer, and has a working electrode having at least glucose oxidase immobilized thereon and a counter electrode on the same plane of the plate.Type: GrantFiled: January 31, 2008Date of Patent: March 15, 2011Assignee: Abbott Diabetes Care Inc.Inventors: Masao Gotoh, Hiroki Mure, Hiroshi Shirakawa
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Patent number: 7901554Abstract: A biosensor comprises a space part for sucking and housing a sample formed of two upper and lower plates, the two plates being stuck together by an adhesive layer, the space part for sucking and housing the sample being constituted so as to be partially opened in the peripheral part and partially closed by the adhesive layer, and has a working electrode having at least glucose oxidase immobilized thereon and a counter electrode on the same plane of the plate.Type: GrantFiled: January 31, 2008Date of Patent: March 8, 2011Assignee: Abbott Diabetes Care Inc.Inventors: Masao Gotoh, Hiroki Mure, Hiroshi Shirakawa
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Publication number: 20110048940Abstract: The present disclosure provides small volume analyte sensors having large sample fill ports, supported analyte sensors, analyte sensors having supported tip protrusions and methods of making and using same.Type: ApplicationFiled: August 31, 2009Publication date: March 3, 2011Inventors: Yi Wang, Shridhara Alva Karinka, Benjamin J. Feldman
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Publication number: 20110053289Abstract: An assay method and device can perform at least one (e.g., at least two) assays on a single aliquot of a sample liquid. The device can mix a sample liquid with assay reagents including magnetically susceptible particles. The device is configured to create a sample liquid-air interface with the sample liquid. The magnetically susceptible particles can be located (via an applied magnetic field) at the liquid-air interface when a second liquid contacts the interface to form a liquid-liquid interface. The magnetic particles travel across the liquid-liquid interface to the second liquid. The magnetically susceptible particles are configured to trans-port an analyte across the interface into the second liquid. An assay for the analyte is performed in the second liquid. An assay for another analyte can also be performed in the sample liquid.Type: ApplicationFiled: March 29, 2007Publication date: March 3, 2011Applicant: INVERNESS MEDICAL SWITZERLAND GMBHInventors: Phillip Lowe, Steven Alexander Keatch, Steven Howell, Claus Marquordt, Ruth Polwart, Alan Kenneth Thomson
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Publication number: 20110042225Abstract: The present invention relates to an electrode useful in electrochemical nanobiosensors for determining the presence or concentration of analytes in aqueous samples. In particular, the electrode comprises a biocatalyst or other bioreceptor entrapped in a conducting polymeric film deposited on a conducting material and a non-conducting or conducting coating. In particular embodiments, the conducting polymeric layer also comprises metallic nanoparticles. Electrochemical nanobiosensors containing the electrode, methods of making the electrode or sensor and methods of detecting analytes are other aspects of the invention.Type: ApplicationFiled: December 12, 2008Publication date: February 24, 2011Applicant: MONASH UNIVERSITYInventor: Samuel Bodunrin Olufemi Adeloju
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Patent number: 7887682Abstract: In vitro analyte sensors and methods of analyte determination are provided. Embodiments include sensors that include a pair of electrodes to monitor filling of the sample chamber with sample.Type: GrantFiled: March 29, 2006Date of Patent: February 15, 2011Assignee: Abbott Diabetes Care Inc.Inventors: Yi Wang, Benjamin J. Feldman, Jared L. Watkin
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Publication number: 20110031118Abstract: A biosensor for electrochemically measuring a sample may include a first member made of an insulating material, an electrode system including a working electrode and a counter electrode formed on the first member, a second member fixed over the first member, a sample flow channel provided between the first member and the second member, a hydrophilic section provided on at least a part of the internal surface of the sample flow channel and extending from a first end near the electrode system to a second end on the opposite side, and a flow stop area provided on a section adjacent to the second end on the first member or on the internal surface of the sample flow channel.Type: ApplicationFiled: November 5, 2008Publication date: February 10, 2011Applicant: NIPPON KAYAKU KABUSHIKI KAISHAInventors: Reiko Machida, Takao Yokoyama, Yayoi Irie, Hisako Takagi, Yoshihiko Umegae, Toshio Tanabe
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Publication number: 20110031133Abstract: The present invention provides reagent compositions, and analyte measuring devices and methods that utilize the reagent compositions.Type: ApplicationFiled: June 14, 2010Publication date: February 10, 2011Inventors: Nigel J. Forrow, Shridhara Alva Karinka
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Publication number: 20110024306Abstract: To provide a method of analyzing a lipid component in serum which comprises: a first total acid concentration measurement step of electrochemically measuring the total acid concentration in a serum-containing analyte solution in the presence of a water-soluble quinone derivative; a fatty acid production step of allowing a lipid component in the serum to react with one or more kinds of enzymes which specifically act on the lipid component to produce a fatty acid; a second total acid concentration measurement step of electrochemically measuring the total acid concentration in the serum-containing analyte solution in the presence of the water-soluble quinone derivative; and a lipid component concentration calculation step of calculating the serum concentration of the lipid component based on the total acid concentration measured in the first total acid concentration measurement step and the total acid concentration measured in the second total acid measurement step.Type: ApplicationFiled: July 21, 2010Publication date: February 3, 2011Applicant: PANASONIC CORPORATIONInventors: Junko IKEDA, Kunihiko MACHIDA, Shinki KOJIMA
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Publication number: 20110017595Abstract: Novel membranes comprising various polymers containing heterocyclic nitrogen groups are described. These membranes are usefully employed in electrochemical sensors, such as amperometric biosensors. More particularly, these membranes effectively regulate a flux of analyte to a measurement electrode in an electrochemical sensor, thereby improving the functioning of the electrochemical sensor over a significant range of analyte concentrations. Electrochemical sensors equipped with such membranes are also described.Type: ApplicationFiled: September 29, 2010Publication date: January 27, 2011Inventors: Fei Mao, Hyun Cho
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Publication number: 20110005918Abstract: The invention herein disclosed provides for devices and methods that can detect and control an individual polymer in a mixture is acted upon by another compound, for example, an enzyme, in a nanopore. The devices and methods are also used to determine rapidly (˜>50 Hz) the nucleotide base sequence of a polynucleotide under feedback control or using signals generated by the interactions between the polynucleotide and the nanopore. The invention is of particular use in the fields of molecular biology, structural biology, cell biology, molecular switches, molecular circuits, and molecular computational devices, and the manufacture thereof.Type: ApplicationFiled: April 4, 2008Publication date: January 13, 2011Inventors: Mark A. Akeson, David W. Deamer, Roger Jinteh Arrigo Chen, Seico Benner, Wiliam B. Dunbar, Noah A. Wilson, Kate Lieberman, Robin Abu-Shumays, Nicholas Hurt
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Patent number: 7867740Abstract: Nucleic acids encoding Thermotoga maritima mannitol dehydrogenase and the Thermotoga maritima mannitol dehydrogenase polypeptide are disclosed. Further provided are an electrochemical bioreactor system and a bioreactor electrode that can be used to convert glucose or fructose to mannitol.Type: GrantFiled: August 10, 2007Date of Patent: January 11, 2011Assignee: Board of Trustees of Michigan State UniversityInventors: Claire Vieille, Seung Hoon Song, J. Gregory Zeikus
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Publication number: 20100326842Abstract: The present disclosure provides electrode structures and integrated electrode structures having one or more conductive materials coextruded with one or more dielectric materials. The disclosed electrode structures can be configured for use as analyte sensors. Also provided, are methods of making and using the electrode structures and integrated electrode structures described herein.Type: ApplicationFiled: June 30, 2009Publication date: December 30, 2010Inventors: John C. Mazza, Songbiao Zhang, Udo Hoss
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Publication number: 20100331643Abstract: The present disclosure provides electrode structures and integrated electrode structures having one or more conductive materials coextruded with one or more dielectric materials. The disclosed electrode structures can be configured for use as analyte sensors. Also provided, are methods of making and using the electrode structures and integrated electrode structures described herein.Type: ApplicationFiled: June 30, 2009Publication date: December 30, 2010Inventors: John C. Mazza, Songbiao Zhang, Udo Hoss
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Publication number: 20100326843Abstract: The present disclosure provides electrode structures and integrated electrode structures having one or more conductive materials coextruded with one or more dielectric materials. The disclosed electrode structures can be configured for use as analyte sensors. Also provided, are methods of making and using the electrode structures and integrated electrode structures described herein.Type: ApplicationFiled: June 30, 2009Publication date: December 30, 2010Inventors: Songbiao Zhang, John C. Mazza, Mohammed E. Moein, Ting Chen
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Publication number: 20100314248Abstract: An inexpensive, easily renewable bioelectronic device useful for bioreactors, biosensors, and biofuel cells includes an electrically conductive carbon electrode and a bioelectronic interface bonded to a surface of the electrically conductive carbon electrode, wherein the bioelectronic interface includes catalytically active material that is electrostatically bound directly or indirectly to the electrically conductive carbon electrode to facilitate easy removal upon a change in pH, thereby allowing easy regeneration of the bioelectronic interface.Type: ApplicationFiled: April 23, 2010Publication date: December 16, 2010Inventors: Robert M. Worden, Brian L. Hassler, Lawrence T. Drzal, Ilsoon Lee
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Publication number: 20100307929Abstract: Disclosed is a sensor for measuring the amount of an analyte to be detected in human interstitial fluid, comprising a micro-cantilever sensing unit which includes: a first substrate; a micro-cantilever which is substantially in parallel with the first substrate and one end of which is supported onto the first substrate; a gold film formed onto at least one side of the micro-cantilever; a protein layer formed on the gold film, the protein layer being used to adsorb, at a surface thereof, the analyte to be detected in human interstitial fluid; a driving electrode provided on the first substrate; a micro-cantilever electrode which is provided on the first substrate at a position where the micro-cantilever is supported, and which is cooperated with the driving electrode so as to drive the micro-cantilever to produce resonance in a direction perpendicular to the first substrate; and a detecting electrode which is provided on the first substrate and which is cooperated with the micro-cantilever electrode so as to dType: ApplicationFiled: November 26, 2008Publication date: December 9, 2010Inventors: Kexin Xu, Dachao Li
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Publication number: 20100294660Abstract: The present invention provides an electrochemical biosensor. The biosensor includes a substrate; a metal layer disposed on the substrate, wherein a first end of the metal layer is formed with a reaction region by a working electrode and a reference electrode provided on the metal layer, the reaction region is applied with an enzyme so that an electrical response is generated when the enzyme and a test sample form a chemical reaction, and a second end of the metal layer is provided with an integrated information unit to provide both test sample information and coding information.Type: ApplicationFiled: March 12, 2010Publication date: November 25, 2010Inventors: Shiow-Chen Wang, Wen Hai Tsai, Jih-Hsin Yeh, Chia Jung Chen, Hung Chih Lin, Keng Hao Chang, Yi-Chi Yang
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Patent number: 7838282Abstract: Electrodes and configurations for electrochemical bioreactor systems that can use electrical energy as a source of reducing power in fermentation or enzymatic reactions and that can use electron mediators and a biocatalyst, such as cells or enzymes, to produce electricity are disclosed. Example electrodes in the system may comprise: (1) neutral red covalently bound to graphite felt; (2) a carboxylated cellulose bound to the graphite felt, neutral red bound to the carboxylated cellulose, NAD+ bound to the graphite felt, and an oxidoreductase (e.g., fumarate reductase) bound to the graphite felt; or (3) a metal ion electron mediator bound to graphite. Various biocatalysts, such as an oxidoreductase, cells of Actinobacillus succinogenes, cells of Escherichia coli, and sewage sludge, are suitable for use in the electrochemical bioreactor system.Type: GrantFiled: July 31, 2007Date of Patent: November 23, 2010Assignee: Board of Trustees of Michigan State UniversityInventors: Joseph Gregory Zeikus, Doo Hyun Park
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Publication number: 20100288634Abstract: Novel transition metal complexes of iron, cobalt, ruthenium, osmium, and vanadium are described. The transition metal complexes can be used as redox mediators in enzyme based electrochemical sensors. In such instances, transition metal complexes accept electrons from, or transfer electrons to, enzymes at a high rate and also exchange electrons rapidly with the sensor. The transition metal complexes include at least one substituted or unsubstituted biimidazole ligand and may further include a second substituted or unsubstituted biimidazole ligand or a substituted or unsubstituted bipyridine or pyridylimidazole ligand. Transition metal complexes attached to polymeric backbones are also described.Type: ApplicationFiled: July 26, 2010Publication date: November 18, 2010Inventors: Fei Mao, Adam Heller
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Publication number: 20100288650Abstract: This invention provides a substrate concentration measuring method for measuring a concentration of a substrate included in a specimen based on an output for measurement from an enzyme electrode when the enzyme electrode and the substrate are reacted with each other, the substrate concentration is calculated using an output for correction from the enzyme electrode obtained when a reference solution whose substrate concentration is known and the enzyme electrode are reacted with each other before or after the enzyme electrode and the substrate are reacted with each other. For example, the output for correction is measured by each specimen. In this method, the substrate concentration may be calculated using the output for correction for the specimen to be measured and an output for correction corresponding to the at least one other specimen and measured prior to the output for correction.Type: ApplicationFiled: April 15, 2008Publication date: November 18, 2010Applicant: ARKRAY, Inc.Inventors: Tatsuo Kamata, Takeshi Takagi, Yuki Ito
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Publication number: 20100282616Abstract: The invention relates to a method for calibrating an analyte-measurement device that is used to evaluate a concentration of analyte in bodily fluid at or from a measurement site in a body. The method involves measuring a concentration, or calibration concentration, of an analyte in blood from an “off-finger” calibration site, and calibrating the analyte-measurement device based on that calibration concentration. The invention also relates to a device, system, or kit for measuring a concentration of an analyte in a body, which employs a calibration device for adjusting analyte concentration measured in bodily fluid based on an analyte concentration measured in blood from an “off-finger” calibration site.Type: ApplicationFiled: July 26, 2010Publication date: November 11, 2010Inventors: Benjamin J. Feldman, Geoffrey V. McGarraugh
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Patent number: 7826879Abstract: An analyte sensor system including a substrate, a first electrode disposed on a first surface of the substrate, a second electrode disposed on a second surface of the substrate, a third electrode provided in electrical contact with at least one of the first or second electrodes, where at least a portion of the first electrode and the second electrode are subcutaneously positioned in a patient, and where the third electrode is substantially entirely positioned external to the patient, and corresponding methods are provided.Type: GrantFiled: February 28, 2006Date of Patent: November 2, 2010Assignee: Abbott Diabetes Care Inc.Inventors: Udo Hoss, Zenghe Liu, Benjamin J. Feldman
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Publication number: 20100270175Abstract: A biosensor for measuring an analyte in a liquid sample includes a working electrode having a dispensed reagent thereon wherein the dispensed reagent contains an enzyme capable of catalyzing a reaction involving the analyte, a mediator that is considered an enzyme inhibitor, and an enzyme co-factor where the working electrode provides a stable and sensitive response even when the biosensor is stored at ambient conditions for a period of time selected from the group consisting of at least 3 months, 12 months and two years or.Type: ApplicationFiled: April 22, 2009Publication date: October 28, 2010Applicant: NOVA BIOMEDICAL CORPORATIONInventors: Jianhong Pei, Chung Chang Young