Abstract: Methods of increasing an energy density of an energy storage device involve increasing the capacitance of the energy storage device by depositing a material into a porous structure of the energy storage device using an atomic layer deposition process, by performing a procedure designed to increase a distance to which an electrolyte penetrates within channels of the porous structure, or by placing a dielectric material into the porous structure. Another method involves annealing the energy storage device in order to cause an electrically conductive substance to diffuse to a surface of the structure and form an electrically conductive layer thereon. Another method of increasing energy density involves increasing the breakdown voltage and another method involves forming a pseudocapacitor. A method of increasing an achievable power output of an energy storage device involves depositing an electrically conductive material into the porous structure.

Abstract: An electrically conductive protective coating or film is provided over the surface of a reflective coating of a solar mirror by flowing or directing a cation containing liquid and an anion containing liquid onto the conductive surface. The cation and the anion containing liquids are spaced from, and preferably out of contact with one another on the surface of the reflective coating as an electric current is moved through the anion containing liquid, the conductive surface between the liquids and the cation containing liquid to coat the conductive surface with the electrically conductive coating.

Abstract: A wavelength conversion structure comprises a phosphor layer comprising a first part and a second part formed on the first part, wherein the first part and the second part have a plurality of pores, a first material layer formed in the plurality of pores of the first part, a second material layer formed in the plurality of pores of the second part and a plurality of phosphor particles, wherein the plurality of phosphor particles is distributed in the first material layer and the second material layer.

Abstract: A method for producing electrical components for electrical contacts, and such a component are provided. To achieve simpler production of a partial surface treatment, which likewise exhibits optimal current carrying capacity, with minimum material use of noble metals, the entirety of the components are provided with an electrically insulating passivation layer, and the passivation is then removed chemically or mechanically at the contact points of the components. The entire components are put into an electrolytic bath, and a noble metal is deposited only on the parts of the components from which the passivation layer has been removed.

Abstract: A package for fruits and vegetables having galvanic functionality is formed by using two or more metals with different galvanic activity properties on the surface of a nonmetallic substrate. The metals may be deposited electrolytically, by vacuum, autocatalytically, or by other methods. The metals are selected to create a galvanic reaction after the package is filled with a low pH food product and its associated liquids, juices, brine, etc. The package may extend the shelf-life of the food product contained therein, for example, by making metal ions available to the food product.

Abstract: An optical element molding die is designed for molding an optical element having a concave-convex structure. The optical element can be manufactured by a wet system that enables element formation over a large area and a curved surface, without using a lithographic process, and is advantageous in terms of mass production and equipment cost. The optical element molding die includes a substrate having a surface with a negative standard electrode potential in the oxidation reaction and an anodic oxidation layer provided on the substrate. A protective layer with the positive standard electrode potential is provided between the substrate and the anodic oxidation layer.

Abstract: A method for producing a capacitor including an array of nanocapacitors, in which the following operations are performed using a mold having a sealed surface, as a lower surface, and a top surface through which a network of pores extend: (a) filling the pores of the mold and covering a top surface of the mold with an electrically conductive material, to form a structure including an array of nanoscale objects connected by a single substrate; (b) removing the mold; (c) depositing, on an outline of the structure obtained at the end of (b), at least one bilayer including a first layer of an electrically insulating material and a second layer of an electrically conductive material; and then (d) locally removing the at least one bilayer deposited in (c) from the substrate to form the electrical contact.

Abstract: Articles of silicon nanowires were synthesized on metal substrates. The preparation minimized the formation of metal silicides and avoided the formation of islands of silicon on the metal substrates. These articles may be used as electrodes of silicon nanowires on current collectors.

Abstract: A method for producing a bearing component, in particular a roller bearing cage (1), including the following steps: a base body (2) which is close to a net shape and which is produced by a stereolithography method or by a 3D-printing method is provided, and the provided base body (2) is coated with a thin, nanocrystalline coating (3). The invention also relates to a bearing component, in particular a roller bearing cage, including a base body (2) and a nanocrystalline coating (3) fixed to the base body (2), characterised by the fact that the base body (2) is produced by a stereolithography method or by a 3D printing method. The aim of the invention is to provide a method for producing a bearing component, in particular a roller bearing cage, which is suitable for producing only small quantities in a small series.

Abstract: A method for modifying a surface by generating nanotubes at one or more selected sites on the surface, the surface including a first metal. The method includes the steps of positioning at least one cathode and at least one anode relative to the surface in an electrolyte solution including a fluoride salt of a second metal, and applying a voltage between the at least one anode and the at least one cathode sufficient to generate nanotubes at one or more selected sites on the surface and to inhibit nanotube formation at one or more of the other selected sites, wherein the nanotubes include the first metal and the second metal.

Abstract: The gravimetric and volumetric efficiency of lithium ion batteries may be increased if higher capacity materials like tin and silicon are substituted for carbon as the lithium-accepting host in the negative electrode of the battery. But both tin and silicon, when fully charged with lithium, undergo expansions of up to 300% and generate appreciable internal stresses. These internal stresses, which will develop on each discharge-charge cycle, may lead to a progressive reduction in battery capacity, also known as battery fade. The effects of the internal stresses may be significantly reduced by partially embedding tin or silicon nanowires in the current collector. Additional benefit may be obtained if a 5 to 50% portion of the nanowire length at its embedded end are coated or masked with a composition which impedes lithium diffusion. Methods for embedding and masking the nanowires are described.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus of fabricating gas turbine engine components are provided. The method includes positioning a non-consumable shield adjacent to an edge of the component such that a gap is defined between the shield and the component, wherein the shield and gap form a fluid flow restriction adjacent to the edge, and inducing an electrical current from an anode to the component through an electrolyte bath such that a coating is applied to the component.

Abstract: A calcium phosphate/copper coating for an implant is provided which includes highly porous calcium phosphate and predominantly discontinuously distributed copper. The highly porous calcium phosphate first forms a highly porous calcium phosphate layer in which the copper has been incorporated so as to be discontinuously distributed, to form the calcium phosphate/copper coating. Further provided are a method of producing such a calcium phosphate/copper coating and an implant coated therewith.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to structures having a plurality of discrete insulated elongated electrical conductors projecting from a support surface which are useful as probes for testing of electrical interconnections to electronic devices, such as integrated circuit devices and other electronic components and particularly for testing of integrated circuit devices with rigid interconnection pads and multi-chip module packages with high density interconnection pads and the apparatus for use thereof and to methods of fabrication thereof. Coaxial probe structures are fabricated by the methods described providing a high density coaxial probe.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to structures having a plurality of discrete insulated elongated electrical conductors projecting from a support surface which are useful as probes for testing of electrical interconnections to electronic devices, such as integrated circuit devices and other electronic components and particularly for testing of integrated circuit devices with rigid interconnection pads and multi-chip module packages with high density interconnection pads and the apparatus for use thereof and to methods of fabrication thereof. Coaxial probe structures are fabricated by the methods described providing a high density coaxial probe.

Abstract: A method for producing a connector has first to fifth processes. In the first process, a contact unit having a plurality of contacts and a tying part, is formed with the contacts tied at each axial direction middle part of the contacts by the tying part and with the contacts arranged parallel to each other. In the second process, a plating layer is formed on a part of the contact unit by soaking the contact unit in a plating bath from an axial direction one end side of the contact unit to an axial direction middle part of the tying part. In the third process, the contacts are isolated by cutting the tying part. In the fourth process, a part where the plating layer is formed, of the contact is inserted into a hole of a circuit board. In the fifth process, the contacts are soldered to the circuit board.

Abstract: A method of forming a nano-structure (100, 100?) includes forming a multi-layered structure (10) including an oxidizable material layer (14) established on a substrate (12), and another oxidizable material layer (16) established on the oxidizable material layer (14). The oxidizable material layer (14) is an oxidizable material having an expansion coefficient, during oxidation, that is more than 1. A template (16?), including a plurality of pores (18), is formed out of the other oxidizable material layer (16). An oxide structure (14?) is grown from the oxidizable material layer (14) through each of the pores (18) and over a template surface. Growing the oxide structure (14?) includes forming an individual nano-pillar (20) inside each of the pores (18) that is oriented in a position that is substantially normal to the substrate (12).

Abstract: A gray cast iron brake disk for a motor vehicle has a wear-reducing surface coating applied thermally, for example, by flame spraying. The brake disk also includes an intermediate layer of, for example, nickel. Due to its resilience, the intermediate layer reduces mechanical stress between the surface coating and the brake disk.

Abstract: An article having a metal surface is treated to have one or more desired effects, such as desired functional properties or a desired cosmetic appearance. The surface is anodized to create an oxide layer having pores therein and a metal deposition process is performed to deposit multiple different metals within the pores. A pretreatment act, such as degreasing, chemical etching, chemical polishing, and desmutting can also be conducted on the surface prior to anodization. The surface can also be dyed, sealed, and polished.

Abstract: Provided are a method of manufacturing a target for generating charged particles, a target structure, and a treatment apparatus including the target structure. The method includes forming a source layer on a substrate, forming balls on the source layer, forming a metal thin layer on the source layer exposed between the balls, and removing the balls to form holes in the metal thin layer so as to expose the source layer.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine in which an anodic oxidation coating film is formed on all or a portion of a wall that faces a combustion chamber, wherein the anodic oxidation coating film has a structure that is provided with a bonding region in which each of hollow cells forming the coating film is bonded to the adjacent hollow cells, and a nonbonding region in which three or more adjacent hollow cells are not bonded to each other, and wherein a porosity of the anodic oxidation coating film is determined by a first void present in the hollow cell and a second void that forms the nonbonding region.

Abstract: Gratings for analyzing the interference image in interferometers for phase contrast X-ray tomography, comprising a carrier and grating webs produced from at least two different materials, method for producing the same and use thereof.

Abstract: Methods for fabrication of magnetic write heads, and more specifically to fabrication of magnetic poles and trailing magnetic pole steps. A write pole may first be patterned on a substrate. Then a side gap material may be patterned along sidewall portions of the write pole. Thereafter, a masking layer may be deposited and patterned to expose a portion of the write pole. A trailing magnetic pole step may be formed on the exposed portion of the write pole.

Abstract: A porous structure (1) provided with a pattern that is composed of a conductive polymer, which comprises a porous body (2) and a pattern (3) that is composed of a conductive polymer and arranged on the porous body (2). The porous body (2) is preferably a gel, and a dopant may be added to the pattern (3) that is composed of a conductive polymer. If an agarose gel is used as the gel (2) and a PEDOT electrode (3A) is used as the pattern (3) that is composed of a conductive polymer in the porous structure (1) which is provided with the pattern (3) that is composed of a conductive polymer, the porous structure (1) can be used as an electrode for cell stimulation. The porous structure (1) provided with the pattern (3) that is composed of a conductive polymer can be produced by an electropolymerization method.

Abstract: A ratchet includes multiple ratchet teeth defined in the outer periphery thereof and a coated layer is coated along the outer periphery of the ratchet. A laser device is used to generate a laser beam to remove a part of the coated layer to defined openings in the coated layer and the ratchet teeth protrude from the openings.

Abstract: A scalable MEMS inductor is formed on the top surface of a semiconductor die. The MEMS inductor includes a plurality of magnetic lower laminations, a circular trace that lies over and spaced apart from the magnetic lower laminations, and a plurality of upper laminations that lie over and spaced apart from the circular trace.

Abstract: An electrodeposited nano-twins copper layer, a method of fabricating the same, and a substrate comprising the same are disclosed. According to the present invention, at least 50% in volume of the electrodeposited nano-twins copper layer comprises plural grains adjacent to each other, wherein the said grains are made of stacked twins, the angle of the stacking directions of the nano-twins between one grain and the neighboring grain is between 0 to 20 degrees. The electrodeposited nano-twins copper layer of the present invention is highly reliable with excellent electro-migration resistance, hardness, and Young's modulus. Its manufacturing method is also fully compatible to semiconductor process.

Abstract: A piston for a diesel internal combustion engine including a crown portion at least partially formed of steel and having a combustion surface with a combustion bowl formed therein is provided. The combustion bowl presents a combustion bowl rim area, and a coating including at least one of a noble metal and a refractory metal is applied to substantially only the combustion bowl rim area. The coating is preferably applied in the areas of the combustion bowl rim area that are in line with the sprays of diesel fuel when the piston is in a top dead center position during operation of the engine.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for forming a multi-layered metal structure that includes an anodized surface are disclosed. According to one aspect, a housing arrangement can include a stainless steel layer and at least a first layer. The first layer can have a first bonding surface and a first exterior surface. The first bonding surface can be substantially bonded in direct contact with the stainless steel layer, and the first exterior surface can be an exterior of the housing arrangement. The first exterior surface is an anodized surface. In one embodiment, the first layer can be formed from an anodizable material such as aluminum, titanium, niobium, or tantalum.

Abstract: According to embodiments of the present invention, an optical arrangement is provided. The optical arrangement includes a support substrate; at least one optical fiber arranged on the support substrate; at least one waveguide arranged on the support substrate and adjacent to the at least one optical fiber; the at least one waveguide defining a light propagation direction; and at least one grin index lens arranged asymmetrically relative to the light propagation direction such that light is coupled from the at least one optical fiber through the at least one grin index lens to the at least one waveguide.

Abstract: A piston ring is provided having a bottom surface, a top surface, an inner diameter surface and at least one running surface. A wear protection coating substantially entirely of cobalt is applied to the at least one running surface to protect the base material of the piston ring. Specifically, during operation of an engine, the more durable cobalt wear resistant coating, not the base material which may be steel or cast iron, is in sliding contact with a cylinder wall. The cobalt coating may be applied through, for example, electrodeposition or plasma spraying.

Abstract: A tank to contain fuel includes a containing body (11) made of plastic material. At least on one external (13) or internal (12) surface of the containing body (11) there is a layer of metal filling material (15), constrained to the plastic material by molecular bindings and able to annul the permeation of the fuel through the containing body (11).

Abstract: The various embodiments of the present invention provide a stress-relieving, second-level interconnect structure that is low-cost and accommodates TCE mismatch between low-TCE packages and PCBs. The various embodiments of the interconnect structure are reworkable and can be scaled to pitches from about 1 millimeter (mm) to about 150 micrometers (?m). The interconnect structure comprises a dielectric body element and at least one interconnection array that provides a conductive path between two electronic components. Each interconnection array comprises a plurality of wires that provide both conductivity and compliance to the overall interconnect structure. The versatility and scalability of the interconnect structure of the present invention make it a desirable structure to utilize in current two-dimensional and ever-evolving three-dimensional IC structures.

Abstract: A molecular recognition sensor system is provided incorporating a molecular imprinted nanosensor device.

Abstract: A treatment method for treating the surface of a fluid dispenser device, said method comprising the step of using chemical grafting to form a thin film on at least one support surface of at least one movable portion of said device that is movable while said device is being actuated, said thin film having anti-friction properties.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method of manufacturing a sensing electrode of a touch panel according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention including: forming a non-conductive mesh skeleton on a transparent substrate using an electrospinning solution by an electrospinning method; and forming an electrode layer on the non-conductive mesh skeleton by performing electroless plating processing. The preferred embodiments of the present invention can implement uniform conductivity for all the electrode layers by preventing irregular conductivity between the mesh skeletons by forming a non-conductive mesh skeleton using the electrospinning method and then, forming the electrode layers using the electroless plating.

Abstract: A method of repairing damaged airfoils. The method comprises the steps of stripping thermal barrier coatings from the airfoil. After the coatings are removed, cracks are removed from the airfoil. Cracks that appear in the bond coat area over the airfoil fillet portion are removed by locally grit blasting the fillet portion of the airfoil. This operation also results in locally removing the bond coating from the fillet portion. Cracks and other damage sustained by the airfoil tip are removed and replaced by welding superalloy material. The airfoil then may be cleaned by thermal etching. The airfoil is then placed in a plating tool permitting preferential plating of airfoil areas from which plating has been removed. After plating, the airfoil is then heat treated to diffuse the platinum coating with the superalloy substrate materials. The diffusion heat treated airfoil is aluminided by any aluminiding process, forming a PtAl coating.

Abstract: Metal implants (10) are treated by anodising the surface (11, 12) in contact with an electrolyte, and then briefly subjecting the anodised surface to a reversed voltage. During a first anodising stage the surfaces are passivated, while during a subsequent anodising stage pits are formed in the passivating surface layer. Rough portions (15) of the surface, in particular portions produced by plasma spraying of metal powder, are sealed with a watertight cover (20) during at least part of the anodising process. After rinsing, biocidal metal ions are subsequently absorbed into the surface of the implant. This provides the implant with biocidal properties. The use of the cover (20) enables a more uniform geometric distribution of biocidal metal ions to be achieved.

Abstract: A sliding bearing surface may have at least one thermal spray coating applied to the bearing surface to form a sliding bearing lining layer. A method of forming the sliding bearing lining, the method comprising applying the thermal spray coating to the bearing surface uses a thermal spray technique.

Abstract: A seek-scan probe (SSP) memory involves multiple-wafer bonding needing precision small gaps in between. Solder reflow bonding is typically used to join the wafers due to its reliability and ability to hermetically seal. However, solder reflow bonding may not provide a consistently controllable gap due to flowing solder during the bonding process. Thus, a bond stop technique and process is used to provide accurate cantilever to media gap control.

Abstract: Described herein a bucket for use in the last stage of a steam turbine engine. The bucket includes a titanium-based alloy having a leading edge wherein the leading edge includes titania having a plurality of pores and a top sealing layer filling the plurality of pores, the sealing layer selected from the group consisting of: chromium, cobalt, nickel, polyimide, polytetrafluoroethylene and polyester.

Abstract: A method for metallizing a via feature in a semiconductor integrated circuit device substrate, wherein the semiconductor integrated circuit device substrate comprises a front surface, a back surface, and the via feature and wherein the via feature comprises an opening in the front surface of the substrate, a sidewall extending from the front surface of the substrate inward, and a bottom. The method comprises contacting the semiconductor integrated circuit device substrate with an electrolytic copper deposition chemistry comprising (a) a source of copper ions and (b) a leveler compound, wherein the leveler compound is a reaction product of a dipyridyl compound and an alkylating agent; and supplying electrical current to the electrolytic deposition chemistry to deposit copper metal onto the bottom and sidewall of the via feature, thereby yielding a copper filled via feature.

Abstract: Disclosed in this specification is selectively plated lead frame assembly and a method for the production thereof. A nickel-plated substrate is selectively masked to protect the bottom surface and a central portion of the top surface of the substrate. Gold is then plated on the unmasked portions. A preformed solder ring is soldered to the exposed gold.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a boundary acoustic wave device includes the steps of forming an electrode on a first medium layer, forming a second medium layer so as to cover the electrode on the first medium layer, and forming a sound absorbing layer on an external surface of the second medium layer. The sound absorbing layer has an acoustic velocity of transverse waves that is lower than an acoustic velocity of transverse waves of the second medium layer.

Abstract: A method of making a planar coil is disclosed in the present invention. First, a substrate having a trench is provided. Then, a barrier and a seed layer are formed on the substrate in sequence. An isolative layer is used for guiding a conductive material to flow into a lower portion of the trench such that accumulation of the conductive material at opening of the trench is prevented before the lower portion of the trench is completely filled up, thereby avoiding gap formation in the trench.

Abstract: An interdigitated semiconductor capacitor with a large number of plates and a capacitance in the micro-farad range is formed on a wafer with only a single lithography step by depositing each odd layer of metal through a first shadow mask that lies spaced apart from the wafer, and each even layer of metal through a second shadow mask that lies spaced apart from the wafer.

Abstract: A cannula for administration of a medicine to a target location includes a tube with at least one nodule disposed along the circumferential surface and spaced at a defined distance from the distal end of the tube. An arrangement for delivery of a medicine to a target location includes the cannula and a pump fluidly coupled to the cannula. The distal end of the cannula may be inserted into a target location until the nodule reaches a surface that limits a depth of penetration before delivery of the medication.

Abstract: A wavelength conversion structure comprises a phosphor layer comprising a first part and a second part formed on the first part, wherein the first part and the second part have a plurality of pores, a first material layer formed in the plurality of pores of the first part, a second material layer formed in the plurality of pores of the second part and a plurality of phosphor particles, wherein the plurality of phosphor particles is distributed in the first material layer and the second material layer.

Abstract: A high speed magnetic data writer containing a stitched pole tip that works in conjunction with the main pole is disclosed, together with a process for their manufacture. The material composition of each of these two sub-structures is slightly different; one sub-structure is optimized for high magnetic damping while the other sub-structure is optimized for high saturation magnetization.

Abstract: A treatment method for treating the surface of a fluid dispenser device, said method being characterized in that it comprises a step of using chemical grafting to form a thin film on at least one support surface of at least one portion of said device that is in contact with the fluid while said device is being actuated, said thin film having non-stick properties relative to said fluid.