Abstract: The present invention is based on the use of a two-step hydrocracking process for the production of naphtha, comprising a step of hydrogenation placed downstream of the second hydrocracking step, the hydrogenation step treating the effluent resulting from the second hydrocracking step in the presence of a specific hydrogenation catalyst. Furthermore, the hydrogenation step and the second hydrocracking step are performed under specific operating conditions and in particular under quite specific temperature conditions.

Abstract: A process for producing a base oil composition from a deasphalted oil (DAO) feed, where the DAO feed undergoes hydrotreating, hydrocracking, catalytically dewaxing, hydrofinishing, and fractionating to generate the base oil composition. The base oil composition includes a hazy-free at 0° C. heavy base oil comprising (a) a kinetic viscosity ranging from 15 to 21 cSt at 100° C., (b) a 5 viscosity index of at least 95, (c) a pour point of less than ?12° C., (d) a cloud point of less than ?18° C., and (e) a total aromatics content of 2 wt % or less, where the hazy-free at 0° C. heavy base oil maintains a hazy-free appearance when stored undisturbed at 0° C. during a test period.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for removing dienes from a material stream comprising C3 to C5 hydrocarbons by selective hydrogenation at a specified reaction pressure and a specified reaction temperature in the presence of a hydrogenation catalyst, wherein the reaction pressure and the reaction temperature at the reactor inlet are regulated such that the reaction pressure at the reactor inlet does not deviate by more than 0.01 bar from the specified reaction pressure and the reaction temperature at the reactor inlet does not deviate by more than 0.1° C. from the specified reaction temperature and the proportion of hydrogen supplied to the selective hydrogenation is in the range from 2 to 20 moles per mole of diene present in the material stream comprising C3 to C5 hydrocarbons.

Abstract: A hydrocracking process: A. hydrotreating HDT the feedstocks, B. gas/liquid separation of effluent from A with a separation device having a chamber compartmentalized into an upstream degassing compartment and a downstream stripping compartment, the passage of the degassed liquid from the degassing compartment to the stripping compartment being provided by an opening made in the internal wall and/or by overflowing above the said internal wall separating the said compartments, C. hydrodesulfurization of gaseous effluent obtained in B and of an external feedstock, D. a first hydrocracking of liquid effluent resulting from B, E. gas/liquid separation of liquid effluent from D and of the liquid effluent from C, F. a fractionation of liquid effluent from E, G. a second hydrocracking of unconverted liquid fraction from F.

Abstract: A fuel cell system includes an anode configured to output an anode exhaust stream comprising hydrogen, carbon dioxide, and water; and a membrane dryer configured to receive the anode exhaust stream, remove water from the anode exhaust stream, and output a membrane dryer outlet stream. The membrane dryer includes a first chamber configured to receive the anode exhaust stream; a second chamber configured to receive a purge gas; and a semi-permeable membrane separating the first chamber and the second chamber. The semi-permeable membrane is configured to allow water to diffuse therethrough, thereby removing water from the anode exhaust stream. The membrane dryer may further be configured to remove hydrogen from the anode exhaust stream.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the production of high value chemicals, preferably including at least ethylene and propylene, by steam cracking a mixture of non-cyclic paraffin stream (A) comprising at least 90% of components having at least 12 carbon atoms, with either a mixture of hydrocarbons having from 3 to 4 carbon atoms or a mixture of hydrocarbons comprising at least 90% of components having a boiling point ranging from 15° C. to 200° C.

Abstract: Apparatuses and processes for producing at least one lubricant base oil and at least one hydrocarbon fuel range product. A deasphalted oil and a VGO stream and passed to a first hydroprocessing zone. After the first hydroprocessing zone, the hydrocarbon fuel range product may be recovered. After recovering the hydrocarbon fuel range product, the unconverted material may be separated into one or more lubricant base oil streams, and a recycle stream. The lubricant base oil streams may be upgraded, while the recycle stream may be hydroprocessed in a second hydroprocessing zone. The effluents can be combined to allow for efficient separation and recovery of the desired products.

Abstract: A systems and method for manufacturing a base stock from an ethanol stream are described herein. An example method includes dehydrating an ethanol stream to form an impure ethylene mixture, recovering an ethylene stream from the impure ethylene mixture, and oligomerizing the ethylene stream to form a raw oligomer stream. A heavy olefinic stream is distilled from the raw oligomer stream. The heavy olefinic stream is hydro-processed to form a hydro-processed stream, and the hydro-processed stream is distilled to form the base stock.

Abstract: The invention relates to a catalytic hydrocracker with two different catalyst beds within the reactor where each is loaded with a catalyst that has different hydrocracking properties. A first catalyst bed preferably cracks heavy oil more aggressively than the catalyst in the second bed. The catalytic hydrocracker includes further two recycle lines such that one directs unconverted oil through both hydrocracker beds and a bypass inlet is positioned between the first and second catalyst beds to admit unconverted oil to pass only through the second less aggressive hydrocracker catalyst bed. When gasoline prices favor the production of gasoline, less unconverted oil is recycled through the bypass therefore making more gasoline, but when prices favor the production of jet and diesel, more recycle is directed through the bypass recycle thus making less gasoline and more diesel and jet fuel.

Abstract: Methods and a system for manufacturing a base stock from an ethanol stream are provided. An example method includes dehydrating an ethanol stream to form an impure ethylene stream, recovering an ethylene stream from the impure ethylene stream, and oligomerizing the ethylene stream to form a raw oligomer stream. A light olefinic stream is distilled from the raw oligomer stream and blended with the ethylene stream prior to the oligomerization. A heavy olefinic stream is distilled from the raw oligomer stream and hydro-processed to form a hydro-processed stream. The hydro-processed stream is distilled to form the base stock.

Abstract: Systems and a method for manufacturing a base stock from a hydrocarbon stream are provided. An example method includes cracking the hydrocarbon stream to form a raw product stream, separating an ethylene stream from the raw product stream, and oligomerizing the ethylene stream to form a raw oligomer stream. A Light olefinic stream is distilled from the raw oligomer stream and oligomerized the light olefinic stream with the ethylene stream. A heavy olefinic stream is distilled from the raw oligomer stream. The heavy olefinic stream is to form a hydro-processed and distilled to form the base stock.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a device and a process for hydroconversion or hydrotreatment of a hydrocarbon feedstock, comprising in particular at least one coil-wound heat exchanger (S-1), said coil-wound exchanger being a single-pass heat exchanger formed by a vertical chamber in which one or more bundles of tubes are helically wound around a central core, as numerous superposed layers, for: heating and directly distributing a hydrocarbon feedstock/hydrogen stream mixture to a hydrotreatment or hydroconversion reaction section (R-1), and cooling the reaction effluent from the hydrotreatment or hydroconversion reaction section (R-1). The present invention also relates to a use of a coil-wound heat exchanger (S-1) in a process for hydroconversion or hydrotreatment of a hydrocarbon feedstock.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a device and a process for hydroconversion or hydrotreatment of a hydrocarbon feedstock, comprising in particular a single coil-wound heat exchanger (S-1), said coil-wound exchanger being a single-pass heat exchanger formed by a vertical chamber in which one or more bundles of tubes are helically wound around a central core, as numerous superposed layers, for: preheating a hydrocarbon feedstock/hydrogen stream mixture to a reactor inlet furnace (F-1) of a hydrotreatment or hydroconversion reaction section (R-1), and cooling the reaction effluent from the hydrotreatment or hydroconversion reaction section (R-1). The present invention also relates to a use of a coil-wound heat exchanger (S-1) in a process for hydroconversion or hydrotreatment of a hydrocarbon feedstock.

Abstract: A process and system for recovering natural gas liquids (NGL) using a combination of J-T cooling and membrane separation. The process involves compressing, separating, and cooling a flare gas stream comprising at least methane and C3+ hydrocarbons prior to being introduced to a J-T valve. The cooled stream exiting the J-T valve is further separated, producing a NGL product stream and an uncondensed gas stream. The uncondensed gas stream is directed to a membrane separation step, which results in a C3+ hydrocarbon enriched stream and a C3+ hydrocarbon depleted stream. The C3+ hydrocarbon enriched stream may be recycled back to the process to recover more NGL.

Abstract: A system for producing American Petroleum Institute Standards Group III Base Stock from vacuum gas oil, by injecting hydrogen, heating, partially saturating the vacuum gas oil through a plurality of hydrogen reactors connected in series with a liquid hourly space velocity (LHSV)?1 of from 0.5 to 2.5, forming a saturated heated base oil, and coproduct. The system fractionates the saturated heated base oil to while simultaneously refluxing a cooled fuel oil fraction forming an American Petroleum Institute Standards Group III Base Stock with less than 0.03% sulfur, with greater than 90% saturates and a viscosity index greater than 120 as defined by ASTM D-2270, a viscosity from 2 to 10 centistokes as defined by ASTM D-445 a boiling range from 600 degrees F. to 1050 degrees F., and a cold crank viscosity (CCS) between 1200 and 5000 centipoise at ?25 degrees C. and as defined by ASTM D-5293.

Abstract: A turbomachine casing (10) comprising an endoscopy port (12) and a member (14) mounted on and fixed to the casing and comprising a duct (16) that communicates with the port and that comprises an internal thread into which a cap (28) can be screwed, and means (22, 26) for fixing the member to the casing, characterised in that it further comprises a cover (30) mounted on the member and at least partially covering the fixing means in order to hinder, or indeed prevent, access to same when the cover is mounted on the member, the cover being arranged to allow free access to the duct when the cap is not screwed into the duct.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a self-calcining electrode material for electric arc furnaces, containing one or more carbon components and a binder, wherein the binder is hard bitumen and having a needle penetration at 25° C. according to DIN EN 1426 of <50 [per 0.1 mm] and/or a softening point (ring and ball) according to DIN EN 1 427 of at least 65° C. and/or having a density at 25° C. according to DIN EN 52004 of 0.5 to 2 g/cm3, wherein the electrode material has a PAH content of <500 ppm. The hard bitumen is preferably derived by flash distillation from soft and medium-hard bitumen types and has a high sulfur content.

Abstract: We have discovered a process for hydrocracking a distillate stream and separating it into several product cuts including LPG, light naphtha, heavy naphtha and distillate without a stripper column. Additionally, no more than two heaters relying on external utilities are required for reboiling fractionator bottoms.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for forming specialty products from hydrotreated FCC fractions. Optionally, the hydrotreated FCC fractions used for forming the specialty products can further include a (hydrotreated) portion of a steam cracker tar fraction. The specialty products that can be formed from hydrotreated FCC fractions include, but are not limited to, carbon blacks, resins, and carbon fibers. A convenient method for forming the hydrotreated FCC fractions can be fixed bed hydrotreatment.

Abstract: A process and apparatus removes HPNA's from a fractionated bottoms stream from a reboiled product fractionation column that obtains heat from a reboiler. HPNA's are removed from the fractionated bottoms stream by stripping it with an inert gas. The HPNA lean stream may be fed back to the reboiled product fractionation column at the same elevation as the feed stream to the column.

Abstract: A method of operating a fuel cell system to produce electrical power that includes a hydrocarbon or alcohol fuel feed stock containing water vapor or steam being reformed in the fuel cell or in a separate reformer with the output gas from the fuel cell going to a water gas shift reactor to convert a portion of the carbon monoxide to carbon dioxide and hydrogen. A portion of the carbon dioxide then being removed to yield a hydrogen rich gas that is piped back into the solid oxide fuel cell or the molten carbonate fuel cell in concert with the reformed or unreformed fuel feed stock. A system for performing the method is also provided.

Abstract: In a process for reducing the level of benzene in a refinery gasoline feed containing benzene and at least one C4+ olefin, the feed is contacted with a first alkylation catalyst under conditions effective to react at least part of the C4+ olefin and benzene in the refinery gasoline feed and produce a first effluent containing C10+ hydrocarbons. At least part of the C10+ hydrocarbons is removed from the first effluent to produce a second effluent, which is then contacted with an alkylating agent selected from one or more C2 to C5 olefins in the presence of a second alkylation catalyst to produce a third effluent which has reduced benzene content as compared with the second effluent.

Abstract: Fluid medium such as light cycle oil, water, FCC slurry and decanted oil, improve this method for vacuum distillation of a petroleum product. The method may be used in the petroleum refining industry for fractionating of petroleum base stock in a vacuum column. The fluid medium prevents the formation of thermoset polymers and the resultant fouling of the wash beds in the vacuum column.

Abstract: The present invention relates to attrition resistant hydrocarbon cracking catalyst additive composition comprising aluminum phosphate binder for cracking of hydrocarbon molecules to produce light olefins and process of preparation thereof. The present invention further relates to the process of preparation of the aluminum phosphate binder wherein said binder is incorporated into the ZSM-5 additive composition to enhance its attrition resistance property as well as enhance selectivity and activity of additive composition for production of light olefins such as liquefied petroleum gas (LPG).

Abstract: The present invention concerns a process for the treatment of a hydrocarbon feed containing hydrogen and hydrocarbons including C1 to C4 hydrocarbons, employing a first and a second recontacting step and in which the gaseous effluent obtained from the second recontacting step is recycled to the first recontacting step. The process is of particular application to the treatment of a hydrocarbon feed obtained from catalytic reforming with a view to recovering hydrogen and C3 and C4 hydrocarbons.

Abstract: In a broad aspect the present disclosure relates to a process plant and a process for upgrading a hydrocarbon mixture, withdrawn as a direct stream from a crude distillation unit and an initial boiling point below 200° C., and a fraction of at least 5% boiling above 500° C., 550° C. or 650° C. comprising the steps of a. directing said hydrocarbon mixture to a vacuum flasher unit, b. withdrawing a heavy hydrocarbon fraction from said vacuum flasher unit, c. withdrawing a light hydrocarbon mixture for hydrocrackingfrom said vacuum flasher unit, d. directing said light hydrocarbon mixture for hydrocracking and a stream rich in hydrogen to con-tact a material catalytically active in hydrocracking, e. withdrawing a hydrocracked stream of hydrocarbon from said hydrocracker. with the associated benefit of limiting the amount of asphaltenes, metals and other heavy components contacting said material catalytically active in hydrocracking.

Abstract: The invention provides systems and methods for separating ethane and heavier hydrocarbons from a natural gas stream. In aspects of the invention, an adsorption unit is integrated with a cryogenic gas processing plant in order to overcome methane recovery limitations by sending the tail gas from the adsorption unit to the cryogenic gas processing plant to recover methane that would otherwise be lost.

Abstract: A process and apparatus is for recycling LCO and/or HCO to an FCC unit to recover additional distillate. Spent catalyst recycle in the FCC unit may be used to improve distillate yield. A hydroprocessing zone may saturate cycle oil aromatics for cracking in an FCC unit. The recycle cracked stream may be recycled to a downstream hydroprocessing zone to avoid a first hydroprocessing zone for hydrotreating feed to the FCC unit. Additional recovery of cycle oil for recycle is obtained by heating slurry oil prior to vacuum separation.

Abstract: A power generation system includes four heating fluid circuits thermally coupled to heat sources from sub-units of a petrochemical refining system. The sub-units include a hydrocracking plant, an aromatics plant, and a diesel hydro-treating plant. Subsets of the heat sources includes hydrocracking plant heat exchangers coupled to streams in the hydrocracking plant, aromatics plant heat exchangers coupled to streams in the aromatics plant, and diesel hydro-treating plant heat exchangers coupled to streams in the diesel hydro-treating plant. A power generation system includes three organic Rankine cycles, each including a working fluid that is thermally coupled to at least one heating fluid circuit to heat the working fluid, and an expander to generate electrical power from the heated working fluid. The system includes a control system to activate a set of control valves to selectively thermally couple each heating fluid circuit to at least a portion of the heat sources.

Abstract: A process and apparatus is for recycling LCO and/or HCO to an FCC unit to recover additional distillate. Spent catalyst recycle in the FCC unit may be used to improve distillate yield. A hydroprocessing zone may saturate cycle oil aromatics for cracking in an FCC unit. The recycle cracked stream may be recycled to a downstream hydroprocessing zone to avoid a first hydroprocessing zone for hydrotreating feed to the FCC unit. Additional recovery of cycle oil for recycle is obtained by heating slurry oil prior to vacuum separation.

Abstract: Optimizing power generation from waste heat in large industrial facilities such as petroleum refineries by utilizing a subset of all available hot source streams selected based, in part, on considerations for example, capital cost, ease of operation, economics of scale power generation, a number of organic Rankine cycle (ORC) machines to be operated, operating conditions of each ORC machine, combinations of them, or other considerations are described. Subsets of hot sources that are optimized to provide waste heat to one or more ORC machines for power generation are also described. Further, recognizing that the utilization of waste heat from all available hot sources in a mega-site such as a petroleum refinery and aromatics complex is not necessarily or not always the best option, hot source units in petroleum refineries from which waste heat can be consolidated to power the one or more ORC machines are identified.

Abstract: In a hydrocracking process, the product from the first stage reactor passes through a steam stripper to remove hydrogen, H2S, NH3, light gases (C1-C4), naphtha and diesel products. The stripper bottoms are separated from hydrogen, H2S, NH3, light gases (C1-C4), naphtha, and diesel products and treated in a second stage reactor. The effluent stream from the second stage reactor, along with the stream of separated hydrogen, H2S, NH3, light gases (C1-C4), naphtha, and diesel products, are passed to a separation stage for separating petroleum fractions. Preferably, the effluent stream from the first stage reactor is passed through a steam generator prior to the steam stripping step. In an alternate embodiment, the effluent stream from the first stage reactor is passed through a vapor/liquid separator stripper vessel prior to the steam stripping step.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a process for the production of light olefins and BTX using a catalytic cracking unit, NCC, processing a naphtha type feed, and an aromatics complex. It can be used to exploit the synergies between these two units. The thermal balance of the NCC, which is intrinsically deficient in coke, is resolved by the optimal use of heat from the reforming furnaces in order to preheat the feed for the NCC, and by introducing at least a portion of the raffinate obtained from the aromatics complex as a mixture with the naphtha.

Abstract: A method and system for recovering natural gas liquids (NGLs) from hydrocarbon mixtures and for producing a pipeline quality natural gas (NG) stream from a NG stream with a BTU content greater than about 1100 BTU per standard cubic foot. An NG or petroleum gas stream containing NGLs is delivered to a crossflow semipermeable membrane filtration apparatus wherein the semipermeable membrane is wetted with an organic liquid to render the membrane oleophilic. The NG stream is delivered at a pressure of at least about 150 psig. NGLs permeate through the wetted oleophilic membrane at a backpressure of at least 120 psig and maintain the desirable membrane characteristics; they are collected as liquids at a pressure of at least about 15 psig. A pipeline quality, primarily methane retentate stream of not greater than about 1050 BTU/scf is produced.

Abstract: An integrated process for producing naphtha fuel, diesel fuel and/or lubricant base oils from feedstocks under sour conditions is provided. The ability to process feedstocks under higher sulfur and/or nitrogen conditions allows for reduced cost processing and increases the flexibility in selecting a suitable feedstock. The sour feed can be delivered to a catalytic dewaxing step without any separation of sulfur and nitrogen contaminants. The integrated process includes an initial dewaxing of a feed under sour conditions, optional hydrocracking of the dewaxed feed, and a separation to form a first diesel product and a bottoms fraction. The bottoms fraction is then exposed to additional hydrocracking and dewaxing to form a second diesel product and optionally a lubricant base oil product. Alternatively, a feedstock can be hydrotreated, fractionated, dewaxed, and then hydrocracked to form a diesel fuel and a dewaxed, hydrocracked bottoms fraction that is optionally suitable for use as a lubricant base oil.

Abstract: This invention relates to systems and methods for catalytic steam cracking of non-asphaltene containing heavy hydrocarbon fractions. The method enables upgrading heavy hydrocarbons to hydrocarbons capable of being transported through pipelines and/or a pretreated step before further treatment in an upgrading refinery, including the steps of separating the heavy hydrocarbon mixture into a light fraction, a full gasoil fraction and a vacuum residue fraction with or without at least partial reduction or asphaltenes; adding a catalyst to the full gasoil and/or to the blend of this with a reduced asphaltenes fraction and subjecting the catalyst-full gasoil and/or deasphalted oil fraction to catalytic steam cracking to form an effluent stream; separating the effluent stream into a gas stream and a liquid stream; and mixing the liquid stream with the light fraction and the vacuum residue fraction to form an upgraded oil. The system includes hardware capable of performing the method.

Abstract: An integrated hydrocracking, vacuum distillation and solvent deasphalting process that provides for controlling the amount of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in a heavy oil recycle stream by separating a portion of the heavy oil recycle stream into various fractions in a vacuum distillation unit, and processing the various fractions in a manner, including solvent deasphalting, that allows for the control of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the heavy oil recycle stream.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for recovering cycle oil from FCC CSO is described. By feeding the additional cycle oil to a hydrocracking unit additional diesel, naphtha and petrochemical feedstock may be obtained. The additional cycle oil is obtained by vacuum separation of the CSO. The described process and apparatus can provide additional recovery for a refiner.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to liquid-full processes for hydroprocessing a light cycle oil (LCO). The processes involve hydrotreatment followed by selective ring opening in the presence of hydrotreating catalyst and selective ring opening catalyst respectively. The selective ring opening catalyst can be either zeolite ring opening catalyst or amorphous ring opening catalyst. In aspects of zeolite ring opening catalyst, the volume ratio of the total amount of the zeolite ring opening catalyst to the total amount of the hydrotreating catalyst is from about 0.2 to about 1.5. In aspects of amorphous ring opening catalyst, the volume ratio of the total amount of the amorphous ring opening catalyst to the total amount of the hydrotreating catalyst is from about 0.2 to about 3.

Abstract: The invention comprises a process for cracking liquid hydrocarbon feed to produce cracked gaseous hydrocarbons comprising feeding a liquid hydrocarbon feed stream to an olefins furnace; cracking the liquid hydrocarbon feed stream in the olefins furnace to produce a gaseous cracked effluent stream; feeding the cracked effluent from the olefins furnace to a primary transfer line heat exchanger (TLE) having two sections; injecting a first wetting fluid in a weight ratio of wetting fluid to hot gaseous effluent tangentially into the hot gaseous effluent stream at a particular location in the second section of the primary TLE; feeding the hot gaseous effluent stream exiting from the TLE to a separator; separating a separator bottoms stream comprising tar and heavier hydrocarbons and a separator product stream comprising an olefin product; and recovering an olefin product from the separator product stream.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for improving the production of coke having a high volatile combustible material content are disclosed. The process may include, for example: heating a coker feedstock to a coking temperature to produce a heated coker feedstock; contacting the heated coker feedstock with a quench medium to reduce a temperature of the heated coker feedstock and produce a quenched feedstock; feeding the quenched feedstock to a coking drum; subjecting the quenched feedstock to thermal cracking in the coking drum to (a) crack a portion of the quenched feedstock to produce a cracked vapor product, and (b) produce a coke product having a volatile combustible material (VCM) concentration in the range from about 13% to about 50% by weight, as measured by ASTM D3175.

Abstract: A method for decomposing an asphaltene particle includes contacting the asphaltene particle with an intercalating agent; and reacting the intercalating agent to increase a distance between asphaltene molecules in the asphaltene particle to decompose the asphaltene particle. In a method for producing decomposed asphaltene, the method includes disposing an intercalating agent in an oil environment; contacting an asphaltene particle in the oil environment with the intercalating agent; reacting the intercalating agent to produce product molecules; and decomposing the asphaltene particle to produce decomposed asphaltene.

Abstract: An integrated process for producing naphtha fuel, diesel fuel and/or lubricant base oils from feedstocks under sour conditions is provided. The ability to process feedstocks under higher sulfur and/or nitrogen conditions allows for reduced cost processing and increases the flexibility in selecting a suitable feedstock. The sour feed can be delivered to a catalytic dewaxing step without any separation of sulfur and nitrogen contaminants. The integrated process includes an initial dewaxing of a feed under sour conditions, optional hydrocracking of the dewaxed feed, and a separation to form a first diesel product and a bottoms fraction. The bottoms fraction is then exposed to additional hydrocracking and dewaxing to form a second diesel product and optionally a lubricant base oil product. Alternatively, a feedstock can be hydrotreated, fractionated, dewaxed, and then hydrocracked to form a diesel fuel and a dewaxed, hydrocracked bottoms fraction that is optionally suitable for use as a lubricant base oil.

Abstract: The embodiments disclosed herein can provide a process for converting a hydrocarbon feed. The process may include hydrocracking the hydrocarbon feed slurried with a particulate catalyst in a presence of hydrogen in a hydrocracking reaction zone to produce a hydrocracked stream, separating at least a portion of the hydrocracked stream, and passing the at least the portion of the hydrocracked stream through a thermal cracking heating zone at conditions effective for thermally cracking the at least the portion of the hydrocracked stream.

Abstract: A method for removing catalyst, catalyst fines, and coke particulates from a slurry oil stream includes the steps of routing a first slurry oil stream from a first slurry oil source to at least one hydrocyclone, increasing at least one of a temperature and a pressure of the first slurry oil stream prior to it entering the at least one hydrocyclone; passing the first slurry oil stream through the at least one hydrocyclone; and routing a second slurry oil stream exiting an overflow end of the at least one hydrocyclone to a second slurry oil source. The first and second slurry oil sources may be one or more of the following: a main column of a fluid catalytic cracking fractionator, a steam generator, a heat exchanger, a decant slurry oil storage, and a slurry oil storage tank.

Abstract: In a hydrocarbon upgrading process, a hydrocarbon feed is treated in at least one of a steam cracker, catalytic cracker, coker, hydrocracker, and reformer under suitable conditions to produce a first stream comprising olefinic and aromatic hydrocarbons. A second stream composed mainly of C4 to C12+ olefinic and aromatic hydrocarbons is recovered from the first stream and blended said second stream with a residual fraction from a steam cracker or an atmospheric or vacuum distillation unit to produce a third stream. The third stream is then catalytically pyrolyzed in a reactor under conditions effective to produce a fourth stream having an increased benzene and/or toluene content compared with said second stream and a C3-olefin by-product. The C3-olefin by-product is recovered and benzene and/or toluene are recovered from the fourth stream.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for hydroprocessing hydrocarbons with uneven catalyst volume distribution among two or more catalyst beds. The process operates as a liquid-full process, wherein all of the hydrogen dissolves in the liquid phase. Hydrocarbons can be converted in the process to provide a liquid product including clean fuels with multiple desired properties such as low density and high cetane number.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to processes for upgrading heavy hydrocarbon oils such as heavy crude oils, atmospheric residuum, vacuum residuum, heavy oils from catalytic treatment, heavy cycle oils from fluid catalytic cracking, thermal tars, as oils from visbreaking, oils from oil sands, bitumen, deasphlter rock, and heavy oils derived from coal. The process utilizes a utility fluid including recycled liquid hydroprocessed product containing a significant amount of single or multi-ring aromatics. Unlike conventional fixed bed resid hydroprocessing, the process can be operated at temperatures pressures and reactor conditions that favor the desired hydrocracking reactions over aromatics hydrogenation reduce the coking tendencies of heavy hydrocarbon oils.

Abstract: A hot stripped hydroprocessed stream from a stripper column may be sent directly to a vacuum fractionation column instead of being first processed in an atmospheric fractionation column. If a separate warm stripper column is used, both the warm stripped stream and a hot stripped stream may be fractionated in the same fractionation column, particularly a vacuum fractionation column.

Abstract: A process of producing a light oil stream from slurry oils. The process begins by obtaining slurry oil from a fluid catalytic cracking unit. The slurry oil is then flowed over a fixed bed catalyst, consisting essentially of a non-metal catalyst, to produce a processed slurry oil. The processed slurry oil is then separated by boiling point to separate out the light oil stream.