Abstract: A ceramic filter is provided including a substrate, a separation layer comprising titania and having an average pore size in a range of 0.08 to 1 ?m and a thickness in a range of 5 to 20 ?m, and an intermediate layer formed between the substrate and the separation layer. The intermediate layer includes aggregate particles that are bonded together with glass frits, and aggregate particles of the intermediate layer are smaller than aggregate particles of the substrate and larger than aggregate particles of the separation layer.

Abstract: The invention concerns a filtering medium based on a photocatalytic agent and activated carbon, characterized in that it comprises a permeable support covered with a first layer based on activated carbon, then a separate second layer based on a photocatalytic agent, or vice versa. The invention also concerns a method for making such a filtering medium.

Abstract: A crossflow membrane device that receives a feedstock at a feed end face and separates the feedstock into permeate and retentate. The device has a membrane support containing at least one monolith of porous material defining a plurality of passageways extending longitudinally from the feed end face of the monolith to a retentate end face of the monolith through which the feedstock flows to pass retentate from the device. A permselective membrane coating of finer pore size than that of the porous material is applied to the passageway wall surfaces of the monolith. At least one permeate conduit is formed within the monolith, the conduit containing a plurality of longitudinal permeate chambers communicating with a means of permeate introduction at or near the feed end face and permeate withdrawal at or near the retentate end face.

Abstract: The present invention refers to a method of separating casein from animal milk, especially, after defatting the animal milk as the pretreatment, the processing of the defatted milk aforesaid through a ceramic filtration membrane to remove the casein in the milk. The pretreatment process of separating the casein from the milk is then complemented by other processes of purification, so as to obtain the target protein of higher purity.

Abstract: A method for catalytically cleaning an exhaust gas, including receiving the exhaust gas in an inlet channel, blocking the exhaust gas in the inlet channel, diffusing the exhaust gas through a porous substantially fibrous nonwoven wall of the inlet channel, reacting the exhaust gas with at least one catalyst material to at least partially remove nitrous oxides, hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide therefrom, the at least one catalyst material being disposed on the porous wall, trapping particulate matter in the porous substantially fibrous nonwoven wall, receiving the diffused exhaust gas into an outlet channel, and transitioning the exhaust gas from the outlet channel to the atmosphere.

Abstract: A dual filter apparatus and a process of making a dual filter apparatus that minimizes disruption to the normal flow pattern through the filter apparatus by forming a porous medium suitable to carry a fluid activator and placing an activator proximate the porous filter medium for in situ fluid treatment and removal of debris from the fluid by screening action of the porous filter medium that entraps debris thereon.

Abstract: An antibacterial member is constituted such that a propolis component is contained in, or adhered to, a water-insoluble base member. This antibacterial member is mixed into a filter member to be disposed in a flow passage in an antibacterial filter. Water in the antibacterial filter receives the antibacterial action from the propolis component when coming in contact with the antibacterial member. Thus, microorganisms in water is extinguished, and generation and propagation of germs, bacteria, algae and the like are suppressed.

Abstract: Cartridges useful in regenerating or purifying dialysis solutions are described as well as methods to regenerate or purify spent dialysis solutions. Dialysis systems using the sorbent cartridges of the present invention are further described.

Abstract: The invention relates to the area of ceramics and to ceramic multilayer filters, such as used for separating gases. The invention provides ceramic multilayer filters which are more economical to produce. To this end, the inventive ceramic multilayer filters include at least two layers of different particle size, the particle surfaces of all of the ceramic particles being completely or partially perfused with a material and spot and/or surface joints being formed between particles. The invention also provides a method for producing ceramic multilayer filters of this type, according to which slips are produced from at least two ceramic powders of different particle size, the particles of the ceramic powders being perfused with a material or a material in powder form being added to the ceramic slips. One or more layers are formed from the slips and then dried. At least two layers are placed one above the other and/or joined to each other and together are subjected to a temperature increase.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a microbiological interception enhanced filter medium, preferably having an adsorbent prefilter located upstream from the filter medium. Preferably, the prefilter is adapted to remove natural organic matter in an influent prior to the influent contacting the microbiological interception enhanced filter medium, thereby preventing loss of charge on the filter medium. The microbiological interception enhanced filter medium is most preferably comprised of fibrillated cellulose fibers, in particular, lyocell fibers. At least a portion of the surface of the at least some of the fibers have formed thereon a microbiological interception enhancing agent comprising a cationic metal complex. A filter medium of the present invention provides greater than about 4 log viral interception, and greater than about 6 log bacterial interception.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a microbiological interception enhanced filter medium, preferably having an adsorbent prefilter located upstream from the filter medium. Preferably, the prefilter is adapted to remove natural organic matter in an influent prior to the influent contacting the microbiological interception enhanced filter medium, thereby preventing loss of charge on the filter medium. The microbiological interception enhanced filter medium is most preferably comprised of fibrillated cellulose fibers, in particular, lyocell fibers. At least a portion of the surface of the at least some of the fibers have formed thereon a microbiological interception enhancing agent comprising a cationic metal complex. A filter medium of the present invention provides greater than about 4 log viral interception, and greater than about 6 log bacterial interception.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a microbiological interception enhanced filter medium, preferably having an adsorbent prefilter located upstream from the filter medium. Preferably, the prefilter is adapted to remove natural organic matter in an influent prior to the influent contacting the microbiological interception enhanced filter medium, thereby preventing loss of charge on the filter medium. The microbiological interception enhanced filter medium is most preferably comprised of fibrillated cellulose fibers, in particular, lyocell fibers. At least a portion of the surface of the at least some of the fibers have formed thereon a microbiological interception enhancing agent comprising a cationic metal complex. A filter medium of the present invention provides greater than about 4 log viral interception, and greater than about 6 log bacterial interception.

Abstract: An apparatus for storing water separated from fuels by a fuel filter is provided. The apparatus includes an absorber connected to a water accumulator of the fuel filter. The stored water may then be released again through heating or pressure using commercially available components and supplied to a further use.

Abstract: Disclosed is a photocatalytic filter which can fully secure a space of gaps to constitute a flow path for flowing a fluid to be disposed of and which has gaps structured for easily trapping an organic substance in the fluid when the fluid is brought into contact with a photocatalyst layer.

Abstract: Light-transmittable linear photocatalytic filter material that can be arranged in parallel in the longitudinal direction without causing a filter to have the form of a barrel when the filter is made of a bundle of a number of such photocatalytic filter materials, each comprising a light-transmittable linear material, a number of particulate materials bonded to an outer side surface of the light-transmittable linear material and a photocatalyst layer formed on said outer side surface and said number of particulate materials, wherein a maximum value of heights from said outer side surface to said photocatalyst layer in a central region of said light-transmittable linear material in the longitudinal direction is smaller than a maximum value of heights from said outer side surface to said photocatalyst layer in regions of both ends thereof.

Abstract: The present invention provides a multistage liquid filtering apparatus and a multistage process for filtering microorganisms and other unwanted impurities from the liquid. The invention employs a microorganism-removing filter stage prior to an activated carbon filter stage and especially adaptable for use with home water supplies.

Abstract: A mordenite (MOR) zeolite membrane is formed on a porous substrate and has crystals that are substantially oriented in a specific crystalline direction. A method for producing the mordenite (MOR) zeolite membrane includes the steps of: immersing a porous substrate in a gel of raw materials which contains zeolite constitution elements in molar ratios of 40-400 of SiO2/Al2O3, 10-120 of H2O/Na2O, and 10-40 of H2O/SiO2; and subjecting the gel in the presence of the porous substrate to hydrothermal synthesis at 150° C. or more to crystallize the MOR zeolite constitution elements and form a MOR zeolite membrane on the porous substrate.

Abstract: Disclosed is a fibrous absorbent structure that is wet stable and has large void volume with a density below the critical density of the fiber employed. In one embodiment, the fibrous absorbent uses open-celled foam technologies to keep the fibrous structure expanded and bonded. In other embodiments, the resulting fibrous structure resembles an open-celled polymeric foam, with fibers serving as struts stabilized by binder material. In another embodiment, the resulting fibrous structure is filled with hydrophilic open-celled foams with the cell size substantially smaller than the fibrous pores. Such a wet-stable, high void volume fibrous absorbent can be used in a disposable product intended for the absorption of fluid such as body fluid, including extensible absorbent articles.

Abstract: A composite filter medium for removing at least 99.95 percent of particulates of a size in the 3 to 4 micron range and dissolved chemical contaminants from a fluid and filters of various configurations employing the composite filter medium are disclosed. The composite filter medium comprises an adsorbent layer containing an adsorbent agent and a hydrophilic particulate intercepting layer disposed adjacent to the adsorbent layer. The composite medium has a mean flow pore diameter of about 1 to 10 microns, a bubble point of about 3 to 15 microns and an air permeability of about 0.5 to 7 liters per minute/cm2 with a pressure drop of about 0.1 bar.

Abstract: A process and system for extracting a solute from a solid material, such as oil from oil-bearing foodstuffs, utilize a substantially tubular membrane filter to separate a mass of the extracting medium and the foodstuffs into a miscella and foodstuffs of reduced oil content. In a batch or continuous process, after each extracting stage, the mass from the extraction vessel is conveyed to a membrane filter, which has pores along its cylindrical walls suitably sized to allow a miscella to pass as the permeate, while causing the foodstuffs of reduced oil content to be conveyed axially along the tubes and out of its ends as the retentate. In a continuous process, extractor cells, or stages, consisting of an extraction vessel, pump, and membrane filter, are used in sequential stages, preferably using a miscella from the subsequent stage as the extracting medium. In a batch process, miscella storage tanks may be used to store miscella from the final stage for use in the next batch.

Abstract: A photocatalyst is carried on a surface of a light guiding body for guiding light needed to activate the photocatalyst in such a manner the light guided by the light guiding body irradiates directly from the surface of the light guiding body the photocatalyst.

Abstract: Filtration media is comprised of a mixture of glass and synthetic polymeric fibers. Binder fibers are also preferably incorporated into the mixture of glass and synthetic polymeric fibers so as to achieve a structurally coherent mass of such fibers. Most preferably, a combination of thermoplastic and at least partially water soluble binder fibers will be present in the fibrous filtration media of this invention so as to promote structural integrity during processing and end use applications. In this regard, the fibrous filtration media is preferably made by wet-laying an aqueous slurry mixture of glass fibers and synthetic fibers onto a foraminous forming member (e.g., a forming wire) using conventional Fourdrinier or foam-type fiber wet-laying processes. Thereafter, the slurry mixture is dewatered to form a fibrous dewatered sheet of the glass and synthetic fibers. If present, the binder fibers are physically dispersed in the slurry mixture when laid onto the forming member.

Abstract: A separator cartridge comprises a support screen comprising a substantially rigid reinforced plastic cylinder including an inner first major surface and an outer second major surface, a first nonwoven polymer layer adhered to the inner first major surface of the support screen, a second nonwoven polymer layer adhered to the outer second major surface of the support screen, and a polymeric screen contacting and frictionally engaging the second nonwoven polymer layer, the polymeric screen including a hydrophobic coating.

Abstract: An apparatus for absorbing, containing, immobilizing, transporting and disposing of quantities of used cooking oil and/or other oils and hydrocarbons, comprising decomposed organic matter and/or inorganic matter.

Abstract: A filter media structure, which is capable of operating in the micro- and nanofiltration regime, offers: low cost, durability, high temperature and chemical resistance, high permeability, high flow rate, low pressure drop across the filter media, high mechanical strength, separation efficiency, and biocompatibility. The filter media structure is comprised of blend of carbon or ceramic fibers and inorganic fiber whiskers generally having a diameter of from about 0.03 to about 5 microns. In one embodiment, filter media structure is comprised of blend of activated carbon-containing inorganic fibers and inorganic fiber whiskers generally having a diameter of from about 0.03 to about 5 microns.

Abstract: A glass or pretreated meltblown fiber having a cationically charged coating thereon, the coating including a functionalized cationically charged, silicon containing carbohydrate polymer crosslinkable by heat, in which the functionalized cationic polymer has been crosslinked by heat after being coated onto the glass fiber. Also provided is a fibrous filter including a fibrous filter media having a cationically charged coating thereon, the coating including a functionalized cationic polymer crosslinkable by heat, in which the functionalized cationic polymer has been crosslinked by heat after being coated onto the fibers. Further provided is a method of preparing a fibrous filter.

Abstract: A filter for removing undesired materials from a fluid, such as used cooking oil, for example, includes a filter envelope including first and second panels. The first panel has a permeability which is greater than that of the second panel. The first panel of the filter envelope may be formed from a filter pad and the second panel from a filter paper, and may enclose a metal spacer grid. When the filter is connected to a pump for drawing the oil through the filter, the flow of the oil is directed selectively through the filter pad, whereby undesired materials are removed from the oil. The filter provides for efficient flow of the oil to be filtered while removing undesired materials therefrom.

Abstract: An ultra-efficient multilobal cross-sectioned fiber filter for chemical contaminant filtering applications is described. An absorptive chemically reactive reagent, preferably an acid or base and in liquid or an adsorptive chemically reactive reagent (an acid or base) in solid form, is disposed within longitudinal slots in each length of fiber. The reagent may be used alone or in conjunction with solid adsorptive particles which may also be utilized with the reagents in the longitudinal slots within the fibers. Reagents within the fibers remain exposed to a base-contaminated airstream passing through the filter. Base contaminants in the airstream, chemicals such as ammonium and amines (as well as particles), react with the acid reagent within the longitudinal slots of the fibers. As the contaminant and reagent react, the ammonium or amine becomes irreversibly absorbed (or adsorbed if reagent is a solid acid) to the liquid acid reagent and multilobal fiber.

Abstract: A biosoluble glass fiber filtration media includes a fibrous filtration layer of randomly oriented, entangled glass fibers which has an initial efficiency of 25% or greater as measured by ASHRAE 52.1 test method. The glass fibers forming the media have a biodissolution rate in excess of 150 ng/cm2/hr and a mean diameter between about 2.5×10−5 inches and about 11.0×10−5 inches. Typically, the filtration layer has a thickness ranging from about 0.12 inches to about 0.35 inches and a density ranging from about 3.0 g/ft2 to about 8.0 g/ft2. The filtration has an initial pressure drop of about 0.35 inches of water or less and a dirt holding capacity of about 1.5 g/ft2 or greater.

Abstract: One may obtain an excellent protective coating for a fabric made of heat-resistant fibers, in particular a fabric made of glass fibers like those used for the manufacture of filters in the metallurgical industry, when use is made, as a starting material, of a composition comprising an organic part made of sugar and a mineral part comprising colloidal silica and wollastonite. This composition allows thermoforming of the fabric and gives to the same a very strong protection and a rigidity. This is particularly interesting when the fabric is used for making a filter like those used during the casting of a liquid metal, especially liquid aluminum.

Abstract: A filter media structure, which is capable of operating in the micro- and nanofiltration regime, offers: low cost, durability, high temperature and chemical resistance, high permeability, high flow rate, low pressure drop across the filter media, high mechanical strength, separation efficiency, and biocompatibility. The filter media structure is comprised of mixture of carbon or ceramic fibers and inorganic fiber whiskers generally having a diameter of from about 0.03 to about 5 microns. The present invention further provides a method of preparing a filter media structure comprising mixing together a) inorganic fibers; b) inorganic fiber whiskers; c) a water soluble binder, and optionally depositing a thin layer of pyrolytic carbon on the surface of the inorganic fibers and inorganic fiber whiskers comprising the filter media structure. The filter media structure is selected from the group consisting of a paper, felt and fabric.

Abstract: A filter medium, a tackified binder composition and a method for providing a uniformly distributed tackifier on the glass fibers of an unwoven fiberglass web for improving filtration capacity and efficiency. An emulsified tackifier, such as polybutene, is mixed with a conventional binder composition and applied to the fibers before they are expanded into the web. The binder is cured in the conventional manner and the tackifier migrates to the surface on each fiber to enhance particle adsorption.

Abstract: A filter includes a cylindrical pleated filter element having a longitudinal axis, an inner and outer periphery, first and second end surfaces, and a plurality of longitudinal pleats. First and second end elements are sealingly arranged with the first and second end surfaces, wherein at least one of the end elements is an open end element. The filter element is a pleated composite that includes a filter medium, an upstream drainage medium and a downstream drainage medium. Each pleat includes a crown, a root, and a pair of legs. The legs of each pleat are joined to one another at the crown of the pleat and are joined to the legs of adjacent pleats at the root of the pleat. Each pleat leg abuts an adjacent pleat leg along the inner periphery of the filter element and the pleats extend from the inner periphery in a curved, an arcuate, an angled, or a straight nonradial direction to the outer periphery.

Abstract: A separator cartridge comprises a support screen comprising a substantially rigid reinforced plastic cylinder including an inner first major surface and an outer second major surface, a first nonwoven polymer layer adhered to the inner first major surface of the support screen, a second nonwoven polymer layer adhered to the outer second major surface of the support screen, and a polymeric screen contacting and frictionally engaging the second nonwoven polymer layer, the polymeric screen including a hydrophobic coating. The invention also contemplates a process for preparing the separator cartridge.

Abstract: A composite filter media includes a fibrous filtration layer of randomly oriented fibers and one or more pleatable stiffening layers which enable the composite filter media to be pleated and hold or retain its pleats. The pleatable stiffening layer(s) may enhance the dirt holding capacity of the composite filter media especially when positioned upstream of the fibrous filtration layer. The composite filter media may also include a flexible covering layer which functions to block the loss of fibers from the fibrous filtration layer. Preferably, the mean fiber diameter of the fibers in fibrous filtration layer increases and the density of the fibrous filtration layer decreases throughout the thickness of the fibrous filtration layer from one major surface to the other major surface of the fibrous filtration layer.

Abstract: A two part system providing initial filtration of free oil and dirt followed by biological filtration with a copper wool and brass wool filter medium.

Abstract: The subject matter of the present invention is a device for purifying lightly laden water containing particles and/or fatty matter and/or microorganisms in suspension. The device of the invention is a filter comprising a grid (1) on which is placed a filter element (3) consisting of at least one sheet based on fibers and filled with organic and/or inorganic powders. The invention finds its application in all the industries which consume water and especially the crude oil processing industries and the chemical, papermaking and agri-foodstuffs industries.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a filled paper for gas filtration, with a high adsorption and absorption capacity. This paper, consisting of cellulose fibers, is filled with organic and/or inorganic powders adapted in quantity and in quality to the gas to be treated.It finds its application in the petroleum, chemical, agri-foodstuffs and papermaking industries, in apartment buildings and in office and hospital buildings.

Abstract: The present invention provides a polymeric nonwoven web having a relatively small pore size, and made from mixtures of aramid and other non-aramid fibers. The fibrous nonwoven web has a high titer reduction with respect to coliphage PR772. The present invention provides the filter element incorporating the present inventive fibrous nonwoven web. The nonwoven web is also adapted to be use as human apparel and fashioned into garments.

Abstract: A ceramic composite comprising ceramic fibers and glass microparticles bound together as a porous matrix with a ceramic binder provides baffles for cryogenic fluids in a storage container.

Abstract: A ceramic fiber composite structure particularly suitable for use as a hot gas cleanup ceramic fiber composite filter and method of making same from ceramic composite material has a structure which provides for increased strength and toughness in high temperature environments. The ceramic fiber composite structure or filter is made by a process in which a continuous ceramic fiber is intimately surrounded by discontinuous chopped ceramic fibers during manufacture to produce a ceramic fiber composite preform which is then bonded using various ceramic binders. The ceramic fiber composite preform is then fired to create a bond phase at the fiber contact points.

Abstract: A filter assembly having first and second opposite frame members and a filter element removably secured to the first and second frame members is provided. The filter element is preferably a pleated paper filter, positioned in extension between opposite end panels. An arrangement is provided for securing the end panels to, and in extension between, the first and second opposite frame members. When the arrangement is assembled, an outer frame comprising the two frame members in the two end panels is provided. In the assembly, the pleated filter fills the area within the frame. The filter media can be conveniently removed and replaced in the frame, as desired.

Abstract: A composite filter media includes a fibrous filtration layer of randomly oriented fibers and one or more pleatable stiffening layers which enable the composite filter media to be pleated and hold or retain its pleats. The pleatable stiffening layer(s) may enhance the dirt holding capacity of the composite filter media especially when positioned upstream of the fibrous filtration layer. The composite filter media may also include a flexible covering layer which functions to block the loss of fibers from the fibrous filtration layer. Preferably, the mean fiber diameter of the fibers in fibrous filtration layer increases and the density of the fibrous filtration layer decreases throughout the thickness of the fibrous filtration layer from one major surface to the other major surface of the fibrous filtration layer.

Abstract: A composite filter media for bag or pocket filters and the like includes an upstream dirt-holding layer of fine polymeric fibers and a downstream high efficiency filtration layer of glass fibers. The upstream layer includes polymeric microfibers having a mean fiber diameter ranging from about 2.5 to about 4.5 microns, lofting fibers and binder fibers; and weighs between about 2.0 and about 7.0 grams per square foot. The glass fiber layer has a weight between about 1.2 and about 2.7 grams per square foot; the average diameter of the fibers in the glass fiber layer is within a range from 3.0.times.10.sup.-5 to 4.1.times.10.sup.-5 inches; and the fibers are bonded together at their points of intersection with a binder. The composite filter media has an average air filtration efficiency of at least 80%.

Abstract: A slurry of suspended formation fiber and binder fiber is brought to pass through a suction unit to form a molded member. Longitudinally extending channel portions are formed on both inner and outer peripheral surfaces of the molded member, and a wall portion is formed to close one end of the channel portions of the inner peripheral surface. Further, opposite surfaces of the channel portion at the other end of the molded member are closed by pressing from outside and bonded by binder resin which is impregnated into the molded member.

Abstract: A filter element for use in an oil filter is composed of main fibers of at least 5 .mu.m diameter and micro fibers of less than 5 .mu.m diameter. The micro fibers are filled in a density of 0.005 to 0.02 g/cm.sup.3. A slurry including the fibers is drawn into a suction unit through suction openings to form a molded body. The filter element is given a density gradient such that the micro fibers are denser in the inner periphery than in the outer periphery. Following the drawing step, the molded body together with the inner mold is removed for subsequent dehydration and heating. During those processes the inner mold is kept located within the molded body.

Abstract: A filter material comprising a base material carrying thereon polyvinyl alcohols formed by cross-linking photosensitive polyvinyl alcohols having a quaternized nitrogen-containing aromatic heterocyclic group is disclosed.

Abstract: An air filtration media is formed of a blanket of fibers, preferably glass fibers, bonded together at their points of intersection with a binder. The blanket has a weight between about 2.5 and about 4.0 grams per square foot and the average diameter of the fibers in the blanket is within a range from 3.0 .times.10.sup.-5 to 4.1.times.10.sup.-5 inches. The blanket has an average air filtration efficiency of at least 80% and the pressure drop across the thickness of the blanket is no greater than 0.30 inches of water. The blanket can be used alone; with a permeable backing sheet; or with a second layer or blanket of filtration media, as part of a dual-phase or multi-phase air filtration media.

Abstract: The present invention provides a polymeric, particularly aramid, fibrous nonwoven web having a relatively small pore size. The present inventive fibrous nonwoven web preferably has a high titer reduction with respect to bacteria such as Pseudomonas diminuta and viruses as exemplified by PR772 coliphage. The present invention further provides a method of filtering a fluid by passing a fluid through the present inventive fibrous nonwoven web, as well as a filter element incorporating the present inventive fibrous nonwoven web.

Abstract: A filter includes a cylindrical filter element having a longitudinal axis, first and second end surfaces, and a plurality of longitudinal pleats. Each of the pleats has a pair of legs with first and second surfaces. The pleats are in a laid-over state in which the first surface of each leg is in intimate contact with the first surface of an adjoining leg and the second surface of each leg is in intimate contact with the second surface of an adjoining leg over substantially the entire height of each leg and over a continuous region extending for at least approximately 50% of the axial length of the filter element. An impervious end cap is connected to the first end surface of the filter element.