Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a photosensitive assembly, a method for preparing the same, an array substrate, and a display device. The photosensitive assembly includes a substrate, a thin-film transistor and a photosensitive unit on a surface of the substrate, and an insulating layer between an active layer of the thin-film transistor and the photosensitive unit. The photosensitive unit includes a first electrode, a photosensitive layer, and a second electrode sequentially arranged on the substrate. The drain electrode of the thin-film transistor is electrically connected to the first electrode, the active layer is located on a surface of the insulating layer away from the substrate, and the photosensitive unit is located on a surface of the insulating layer proximate to the substrate.

Abstract: An image sensor may be formed from stacked first and second substrates. An array of imaging pixels and verification circuitry may be formed in the first substrate. Row control circuitry may be formed in the second substrate. The row control circuitry may provide row control signals to the array of imaging pixels. The verification circuitry may also receive the row control signals from the row control circuitry. The first substrate may include a plurality of n-channel metal-oxide semiconductor transistors and may not include any p-channel metal-oxide semiconductor transistors. The verification circuitry may include an SR latch circuit with an S node coupled to a pull-up line and an R node coupled to a pull-down transistor to ensure the SR latch circuit starts up in a set state. The verification circuitry may include a level shifter that shifts a control signal voltage when the control signal is at a low level.

Abstract: A photoelectric conversion device includes a pixel that outputs a pixel signal in accordance with an incident light, a plurality of signal holding units each configured to hold the pixel signal, an AD conversion unit that converts the pixel signal from analog signal to digital signal, a first switch circuit provided between the pixel and the plurality of signal holding units, and a second switch circuit provided between the plurality of signal holding units and the AD conversion unit. The first switch circuit is configured to connect the pixels to the plurality of signal holding units individually to hold one pixel signal in the plurality of signal holding units, respectively, in different sampling periods, the second switch circuit is configured to switch connection between the plurality of signal holding units and the AD conversion unit, and pixel signals held in the plurality of signal holding units are averaged and output.

Abstract: A flat panel detector and a manufacturing method thereof. The flat panel detector includes a first substrate and a second substrate. The first substrate includes a driving circuit, the second substrate includes a photosensitive element, the first substrate and the second substrate are arranged opposite to each other so as to be assembled, and the driving circuit is electrically connected with the photosensitive element to drive the photosensitive element. The flat panel detector not only can improve the filling rate of a photodiode in a pixel unit and increase the photosensitive area of the pixel unit in the flat panel detector, but also can effectively prevent static electricity and scratches generated during use and improve the photoelectric characteristics and yield of the flat panel detector.

Abstract: Image quality of a depth map is improved in a distance measuring device for receiving intermittent light. In a pixel array unit, a plurality of pixels for receiving predetermined intermittent light is arranged in a two-dimensional lattice pattern. A continuous light image data generating unit generates continuous light image data in which a plurality of pieces of pixel data indicating a luminance of predetermined continuous light is arranged in a two-dimensional lattice pattern on the basis of received light data of each of the plurality of pixels. A depth map generating unit generates a depth map in which distance information corresponding to each of the plurality of pixels is arranged, from the received light data and the continuous light image data.

Abstract: An imaging apparatus is attached to a side of a moving body (for example, vehicle). The imaging apparatus includes an image sensor and an optical system that forms a subject image in a range of a predetermined vertical view angle and a predetermined horizontal view angle on an imaging surface. The optical system forms an image on the imaging surface so as to cause resolution in first region (R1) of the imaging surface to be higher than resolution in second region (R2) different from the first region. A position of center (G1) of first region (R1) is at least one of a position horizontally shifted from a center of the horizontal view angle and a position vertically shifted from a center of the vertical view angle.

Abstract: An imaging device includes a first semiconductor substrate and a second semiconductor substrate. The first semiconductor substrate includes a photoelectric conversion device and a first transistor. The second semiconductor substrate includes a second transistor, a third transistor, and a fourth transistor. One electrode of the photoelectric conversion device is electrically connected to one of a source and a drain of the first transistor. The other of the source and the drain of the first transistor is electrically connected to one of a source and a drain of the second transistor and a gate of the third transistor. One of a source and a drain of the third transistor is electrically connected to one of a source and a drain of the fourth transistor. The photoelectric conversion device and at least parts of the second transistor, the third transistor, and the fourth transistor overlap with each other.

Abstract: Provided is a biomonitoring device that measures a parameter of a material expelled during use of a toilet by a user. Also provided is a biomonitoring mirror device that identifies a user, detects a febrile illness in a user, dispenses medications/supplements, connects to electrical device accessories in the bathroom, and provides an interactive user interface. Additionally provided is a system for measuring a parameter of a material expelled during use of a toilet by a user. Further provided is a method of determining a physiological parameter of a user.

Abstract: An image sensor structure has a visible light detection region and an infrared light detection region neighboring the visible light detection region. The image sensor structure includes a semiconductor substrate, photo sensing members, an infrared absorption enhancing member, a color filter and an infrared pass filter. The semiconductor substrate has a front side and a back side opposite to each other. The first photo sensing member is disposed in the front side of the semiconductor substrate. The infrared absorption enhancing member is in the back side of the semiconductor substrate and only in the infrared light detection region. The color filter is over the back side of the semiconductor substrate and in the visible light detection region. The infrared pass filter is over the infrared absorption enhancing member.

Abstract: An apparatus, system, and method for real-time dosimetry. An electron beam irradiation system includes one or more detectors. The detectors have coils that, when an electron travels by a sensor pad in the detector, the electron induces a current into the coils. The current is detected and the electron is counted. The number of electrons counted at the one or more detectors is compared to the number of electrons leaving an electron gun, giving a dosage of the workpiece being irradiated.

Abstract: A system of optical sensors determines whether an object is placed on the system by passing light through the sensor layer, detecting light reflected from the object above the sensor layer, and identifying the object based on whether a color detected in the light corresponds to a color of the side of the object that is positioned on the system over the sensor layer. When the system includes multiple optical sensor units, the system may determine where the object has been placed by determining which of the sensor units detect light reflected from the side of the object.

Abstract: Provided is an operation method of an image sensor including a plurality of pixels, the operation method including transmitting a first output voltage of a first pixel to a first amplifier, transmitting the first output voltage to a second amplifier by controlling a first switch connected to the first pixel, transmitting a second output voltage of a second pixel to be binned with the first pixel to the second amplifier by controlling a second switch connected to the second pixel, and outputting selectively one of a first output of the first amplifier and a second output of the second amplifier based on an illuminance of an environment in which the image sensor operates.

Abstract: An active calibration device is provided for obtaining parameters that are used to calibrate information contained in images captured by an infrared camera device. The active calibration device includes a base having at least one mounting surface; and a plurality of infrared (IR) light emitting components disposed on the mounting surface of the base. The IR light emitting components are arranged to form a predetermined pattern, and are configured to emit infrared light for receipt by a lens of the infrared camera device.

Abstract: A photodetector device includes a semiconductor material layer and at least one photodiode in the semiconductor material layer. The at least one photodiode is configured to be biased beyond a breakdown voltage thereof to generate respective electrical signals responsive to detection of incident photons. The respective electrical signals are independent of an optical power of the incident photons. A textured region is coupled to the semiconductor material layer and includes optical structures positioned to interact with the incident photons in the detection thereof by the at least one photodiode. Two or more photodiodes may define a pixel of the photodetector device, and the optical structures may be configured to direct the incident photons to any of the two or more photodiodes of the pixel.

Abstract: A touch processing circuit includes: a front-end circuit including an amplifier, a first capacitor, a second capacitor, a third capacitor, and a plurality of switches each having two ends that are selectively connected each other, the front-end circuit being configured to process an input signal varying according to a touch; and a controller controlling the plurality of switches so that the front-end circuit is configured as a first circuit that accumulates deviation of the input signal between a first phase and a second phase during an integration period and a second circuit that converts the accumulated deviation into a digital signal during a conversion period.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a photosensitive component, a detection substrate and a method for manufacturing the detection substrate. The photosensitive component includes: a first electrode layer, a photoelectric conversion layer, a second electrode layer, an insulating layer and a reflective layer. The photoelectric conversion layer is located on the first electrode layer. The second electrode layer is located on a surface of the photoelectric conversion layer away from the first electrode layer. The insulating layer covers side surfaces of the photoelectric conversion layer and at least a part of a surface of the second electrode layer away from the photoelectric conversion layer, and the insulating layer includes a transparent material. The reflective layer covers the insulating layer, and the reflective layer is configured to reflect at least a part of light entering the insulating layer to the side surfaces of the photoelectric conversion layer.

Abstract: An image capturing unit captures a periphery of a moving body through a transmitting portion. A heater is capable of heating the transmitting portion. An air-conditioning unit switches an air-conditioning state in the moving body between an inside air circulation state and an outside air introduction state. A control unit controls the heater. The control unit can make the heater operate intermittently, and perform control so that an OFF time of the heater during an intermittent operation will be shorter in the case in which the air-conditioning state is set to the inside air circulation state than the case in which the air-conditioning state is set to the outside air introduction state.

Abstract: An illumination dystem, an electronic Device and a method for using an illumination device are disclosed. In an embodiment an illumination device includes at least one semiconductor component configured to generate radiation, an optical element and a control circuit, wherein the optical element is configured to direct the radiation into a field of view to be illuminated, wherein the semiconductor component has a plurality of pixels of a first type, each pixel configured to illuminate the field of view in regions with radiation in a visible spectral range, and at least one infrared pixel configured to illuminate the field of view at least in regions with radiation in an infrared spectral range, wherein the pixels of the first type are arranged in a first matrix arrangement and the infrared pixels are arranged in a second matrix arrangement, and wherein the pixels of the first type and the at least one infrared pixel are operable via the control circuit.

Abstract: A sensor device configured to be attached to a drug delivery device and configured to illuminate the drug delivery device when attached, the sensor device having an OLED having a transparent first electrode, a transparent second electrode and a central layer disposed between the first and second electrodes, the central layer comprising at least one organic layer, the at least one organic layer configured to emit light through the transparent first electrode, and an optical sensor arranged to receive light reflected from a surface of the drug delivery device, wherein the central layer of the OLED has a region without the at least one organic layer and wherein the optical sensor is arranged, when the sensor device is attached to the drug delivery device, to view a predetermined area of the surface of the drug delivery device through the region without the at least one organic layer.

Abstract: There is provided a solid-state imaging device including: a first substrate including a first semiconductor substrate and a first wiring layer, the first semiconductor substrate having a pixel unit with pixels; a second substrate including a second semiconductor substrate and a second wiring layer, the second semiconductor substrate having a circuit with a predetermined function; and a third substrate including a third semiconductor substrate and a third wiring layer, the third semiconductor substrate having a circuit with a predetermined function, the first, second, and third substrates being stacked in this order, the first substrate and the second substrate being bonded together with the first wiring layer and the second wiring layer opposed to each other, a first coupling structure on bonding surfaces of the first substrate and the second substrate, and including an electrode junction structure with electrodes formed on the respective bonding surfaces in direct contact with each other.

Abstract: There is provided a pixel circuit for performing analog operation including a photodiode, a first temporal circuit, a second temporal circuit and an operation circuit. Within a first interval, the photodiode detects first light energy to be stored in the first temporal circuit. Within a second interval, the photodiode detects second light energy to be stored in the second temporal circuit. Within an operation interval, the first temporal circuit outputs a first detection signal having a first pulse width according to the first light energy and outputs a second detection signal having a second pulse width according to the second light energy for being calculated by the operation circuit.

Abstract: An image sensor uses a pixel circuit which includes a BJT phototransistor having multiple selectable beta values. The BJT is one semiconductor device includes: a substrate having a first conductivity type; a first well having the first conductivity type; a collector electrode having the first conductivity type in the first well; a second well having a first concentration of a second conductivity type; a first emitter electrode having the first conductivity type in the second well; a base electrode having the second conductivity type in the second well; a third well having a second concentration of the second conductivity type, wherein the second concentration is different from the first concentration; and a second emitter electrode having the first conductivity type in the third well.

Abstract: A solid-state imaging device includes: a semiconductor substrate provided with an effective pixel region including a light receiving section that photoelectrically converts incident light; an interconnection layer that is provided at a plane side opposite to the light receiving plane of the semiconductor substrate; a first groove portion that is provided between adjacent light receiving sections and is formed at a predetermined depth from the light receiving plane side of the semiconductor substrate; and an insulating material that is embedded in at least a part of the first groove portion.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and devices for adjusting image display on an electronic display by predicting a temperature change of the electronic display due to heat-producing components near the display or due to changes in content. An electronic device may include an electronic display and processing circuitry. The electronic display may include pixels with behaviors that vary with temperature. As such, the processing circuitry may generate image data to send to the electronic display and adjust the image data or vary an operation of the electronic display based at least in part on a predicted temperature effect on at least part of the active area of the electronic display. The processing circuitry may determine the predicted temperature effect at least in part due to a first heat producing component or changes in content of the image data.

Abstract: A system comprises an encoder configured to compress attribute information and/or spatial for a point cloud and/or a decoder configured to decompress compressed attribute and/or spatial information for the point cloud. To compress the attribute and/or spatial information, the encoder is configured to convert a point cloud into an image based representation. Also, the decoder is configured to generate a decompressed point cloud based on an image based representation of a point cloud. The encoder is configured project the point cloud on to patch planes to compress the point cloud, and supports multiple layered patch planes. For example, some point clouds may have a depth, and points at different depths may be assigned to different layered patch planes.

Abstract: A target object detection section detects the region of an image of a target object from a frame image captured as a moving image. A contour search section samples the values of pixels in four diagonal directions in a pixel array, using as a start point a pixel of which the corresponding element targets G (green) for observation in the region. The contour search section then detects coordinate point candidates on a contour line of the target object on the basis of changes in luminance Y of the sampled pixels. The contour search section filters the coordinate point candidates based on luminance changes in the color component of the target object. The contour search section causes the distribution of the coordinate points to approximate the contour line. A position information generation section acquires position information regarding the target object in the real space using the gravity center and size of the target object image obtained from the contour line.

Abstract: A system to avoid obstacles, having an infrared emitter emitting an infrared pulse, an infrared receiver aligned with the infrared emitter so as to receive a reflection of the infrared pulse, a timer coupled to the infrared emitter and infrared receiver, the timer controlling a length of time the infrared emitter emits the infrared pulse and an exposure duration of the infrared receiver, the timer simultaneously initiates the emitting of the infrared pulse and an initiation of the exposure duration of the infrared receiver, and a controller coupled to the timer, the infrared emitter and the infrared receiver to adjust the exposure duration of the infrared receiver to determine a distance of an object reflecting the emitted infrared pulse.

Abstract: An electronic circuit adapted to drive a panel including a plurality of fingerprint sensing zones is provided. The electronic circuit includes a fingerprint sensing circuit. The fingerprint sensing circuit is configured to determine at least one of the fingerprint sensing zones to perform a fingerprint sensing operation according to a reference point of a touch area and receive a fingerprint sensing signal corresponding to fingerprint sensing data from the at least one of the fingerprint sensing zones. The fingerprint sensing circuit determines whether to rearrange the fingerprint sensing data according to the number of the fingerprint sensing zones determined to perform the fingerprint sensing operation. In addition, an electronic device and a method for sensing a fingerprint image are also provided.

Abstract: There is provided an imaging device with a semiconductor substrate having a first side and a second side opposite the first side. A photoelectric conversion unit is on the first side of the semiconductor substrate. A multilayer wiring layer is on the second side of the semiconductor substrate. A through electrode extends between the photoelectric conversion unit and the multilayer wiring layer. The multilayer wiring layer includes a local wiring layer. A second end of the through electrode is in direct contact with the local wiring layer.

Abstract: A digital pixel includes a capacitive transimpedance amplifier (CTIA) coupled to a photodiode that receives an electrical charge and output an integration voltage. An integration capacitor coupled to the CTIA accumulates the integration voltage over an integration period. A comparator compares the accumulated integration voltage with a threshold voltage and generates a control signal at a first level each time the accumulated integration voltage is greater than the threshold voltage. A charge subtraction circuit receives the control signal at the first level and discharges the accumulated integration voltage each time the control signal at the first level is received from the comparator. An analog or digital counter receives the control signal at the first level and adjusts a counter value each time the control signal is received from the comparator. An output interface communicates the counter value to an image processing circuit at an end of the integration period.

Abstract: An optical package includes a substrate, an image sensor, a microlens, an optical filter layer, a constraining layer, and a buffer layer. The image sensor is disposed on the substrate. The microlens having a first Young's modulus is disposed on the image sensor. The optical filter layer having a second Young's modulus disposed on the microlens. The constraining layer is disposed between the optical filter layer and the microlens. The buffer layer having a third Young's modulus disposed on the constraining layer. The third Young's modulus is greater than the first Young's modulus and smaller than the second Young's modulus.

Abstract: An amplification interface includes an input terminal receiving a sensor current and an output terminal supplying an output voltage. An analog integrator is connected to the input terminal and supplies the output voltage. A current generator is connected to the input of the analog integrator and generates a compensation current based on a drive signal. A control circuit generates the drive signal for the current generator based on a control signal representing an offset in the sensor current supplied by the sensor. The current generator generates, based on the driving signal, a positive or negative current. The control circuit determines a first duration and a second duration as a function of the control signal representing the offset in the sensor current, during the measurement interval, and sets the driving signal to a first logic value for the first duration and to a second logic value for the second duration.

Abstract: An active pixel sensor is provided including a two-dimensional array of photodiodes arranged in at least two rows and a plurality of columns; a plurality of groups of photodiodes each having a floating diffusion region coupled thereto and being configured to receive electrons generated by photodiodes in the group; wherein the plurality of groups includes at least one first group disposed on a first row of the array, and at least one second group disposed on a second row of the array; and wherein the first group includes at least one photodiode on a first column and at least one photodiode on a second column, and the second group includes at least one photodiode on the second column and at least one photodiode on a third column.

Abstract: An analog front end that reads from a sensor an output signal which is either a current output signal (IOUT) or a charge output signal corrects characteristics of the sensor by adjusting a bias voltage (VBIASIN) of an output signal line from the sensor.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a substrate and a light collimator layer. The substrate has a plurality of pixels. The light collimator layer is disposed on the substrate. The light collimator layer includes a light shielding layer disposed on the substrate, a plurality of transparent pillars disposed in the light shielding layer, and a plurality of optical microlenses disposed on the pixels.

Abstract: An image sensor is provided. The image sensor may include an active pixel electrically connected to a column line and configured to provide an output voltage to a pixel node and a bias circuit electrically connected between the pixel node and an earth terminal, and in which a first current flows through a first line electrically connected to the pixel node, wherein the bias circuit includes a first variable capacitor electrically connected to a power supply voltage, and a second variable capacitor electrically connected to the earth terminal, and the magnitude of the first current may be configured to vary based on a ratio of a capacitance of the first variable capacitor to a capacitance of the second variable capacitor. The output voltage may be configured to be adjusted based on the magnitude of the first current.

Abstract: A back-side illuminated imaging device includes a substrate including a photoelectric conversion region, a contact plug connecting a wiring layer and the substrate, and a capacitive element including a first metal electrode and a second metal electrode disposed between the first metal electrode and the substrate. A distance between the second metal electrode and the substrate is shorter than a length of the contact plug. The second metal electrode overlaps at least a part of the photoelectric conversion region in a planar view with respect to a main surface of the substrate.

Abstract: Provided are pixels, devices, systems, and methods relating to active pixel sensor in which each active pixel puts out a signal that represents a temporal differential. The output of the active pixel represents a comparison or difference between successive frames. The differential can represent the state of the sensor element in the pixel at the end of one frame compared to the state of the sensor element of the frame, at the end of the prior frame.

Abstract: A light detection and ranging (LIDAR) system can emit light toward an environment and detect responsively reflected light to determine a distance to one or more points in the environment. The reflected light can be detected by a plurality of plurality of photodiodes that are reverse-biased using a high voltage. Signals from the plurality of reverse-biased photodiodes can be amplified by respective transistors and applied to an analog-to-digital converter (ADC). The signal from a particular photodiode can be applied to the ADC by biasing a respective transistor corresponding to the particular photodiode while not biasing transistors corresponding to other photodiodes. The gain of each photodiode/transistor pair can be controlled by adjusting the bias voltage applied to each photodiode using a digital-to-analog converter. The gain of each photodiode/transistor pair can be controlled based on the detected temperature of each photodiode.

Abstract: A detection panel and a manufacturing method thereof are disclosed. The detection panel includes a first substrate and a second substrate, and the first substrate includes a light detection layer; the second substrate includes a drive circuit; the first substrate and the second substrate are opposite to each other for cell assembly, and the drive circuit is coupled to the light detection layer to read a photosensitive signal generated by the light detection layer.

Abstract: A differential amplifier circuit amplifies a difference between an input analog signal and a ramp signal which changes over time and outputs a difference signal. An amplifying element amplifies the difference signal and outputs the same as an amplified signal. A time measuring unit measures a length of a conversion period until a level of the analog signal substantially coincides with a level of the ramp signal on the basis of a level of the amplified signal and outputs the same as a digital signal obtained by converting the analog signal. One end of a capacitor is connected to one of an input terminal and a predetermined connection terminal of the amplifying element. A switch connects the other end of the capacitor to the other of the input terminal or the predetermined connection terminal in the conversion period, and disconnects the other end outside the conversion period.

Abstract: A position-sensitive photodetector device includes a grid of series-connected photodetectors that are electrically coupled to either a vertical photodetector array (VA photodetectors) or to a horizontal photodetector array (HA photodetectors). The VA and HA photodetectors are arranged in an alternating sequence along rows and/or columns throughout the grid. A horizontal-position readout line is electrically coupled to a termination of each vertical photodetector array, and a vertical-position readout line is electrically coupled to a termination of each horizontal photodetector array.

Abstract: A method for corrected depth measurement with a time-of-flight camera using amplitude-modulated continuous light. In order to enable an accurate and efficient depth measurement with a time-of-flight camera, the method includes, for each of a plurality of pixels of a sensor array of the camera: acquiring with the camera a raw depth value rm for the pixel; and automatically calculating a ground truth value rt according to: rt=g(rm?cm)+ct, to correct a systematic depth error of the raw depth value rm, wherein cm is a pixel-dependent first offset, g is a pixel-independent first function and ct is a pixel-independent second offset.

Abstract: An image sensor may include a plurality of first pixels arranged on a substrate along a first axis and a second axis, the plurality of first pixels connected to a first output line, a plurality of second pixels arranged on the substrate along the first axis and the second axis, the plurality of second pixels being mirror-symmetric to the plurality of first pixels along the first axis, and the plurality of second pixels connected to the first output line, a plurality of first color filters, and a plurality of second color filters.

Abstract: An image sensing device includes first to fourth column lines disposed sequentially in a row direction, first and third unit pixel circuits arranged in a first row and coupled to the first and third column lines, respectively, second and fourth unit pixel circuits arranged in a second row and coupled to the second and fourth column lines, respectively, first to fourth readout circuits, a first path change circuit for changing first and second paths so that the first and second unit pixel circuits are coupled to the first and second readout circuits according to a first relationship during a first unit time, and a second path change circuit for changing third and fourth paths so that the third and fourth unit pixel circuits are coupled to the third and fourth readout circuits according to a second relationship during the first unit time.

Abstract: A method for fluoroscopy energizes a radiation source to form a scout image on a detector and processes the scout image to determine and report a radiation field position with respect to a predetermined zone of the detector. The radiation source is energized for fluoroscopic imaging of a subject when the reported radiation field position is fully within the predetermined zone.

Abstract: An optical identification module including a sensor and a collimator is provided. The sensor has a plurality of sensing regions. The collimator is disposed on the plurality of sensing regions, and the collimator includes a transparent substrate, a first light shielding layer, and a plurality of microlenses. The first light shielding layer includes a plurality of first openings. The plurality of microlenses are disposed on a first surface of the transparent substrate, and the plurality of microlenses correspond to the plurality of first openings respectively.

Abstract: An image sensor includes a controller and a plurality of pixel clusters. Each of the pixel clusters includes a plurality of pixels coupled to a reset transistor, a floating diffusion node, a source follower, and a select transistor. Each pixel of a pixel cluster includes a photodiode, and a transfer transistor having a first terminal coupled to the photodiode, a second terminal coupled to the floating diffusion node, and a gate. The controller is configured to apply a transfer control signal to the gate of the transfer transistor in response to a pixel operation, the transfer control signal being one of a positive voltage level, a negative voltage level, and a ground voltage level.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention provide an improved biosensor for biological or chemical analysis. According to embodiments of the invention, backside illumination (BSI) complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) image sensors can be used to effectively analyze and measure fluorescence or chemiluminescence of a sample. This measured value can be used to help identify a sample. Embodiments of the invention also provide methods of manufacturing an improved biosensor for biological or chemical analysis and systems and methods of DNA sequencing.

Abstract: An AD conversion circuit includes a comparator configured to compare an analog signal with a ramp signal and output a comparison result signal indicating a result of the comparison, and performs an AD conversion using the comparison result signal. In the comparison, a potential of the ramp signal changes with a lapse of time from a first potential to a second potential. Before the comparison, the potential of the ramp signal changes at a first change rate and then changes at a second change rate smaller than the first change rate, the potential of the ramp signal changes from the first potential to a third potential between the first potential and the second potential, and the comparator is reset in a state where the third potential is input to the comparator.