Abstract: A woven, water-vapor permeable, water-responsive, shape-memory wool fabric that possesses switchable pore size and shape responsive to varying water content absorbed thereby is demonstrated, more particularly, the wool fabric exerts corresponding thermal and water vapor regulations between the wearer and the surroundings with respect to the temperature and humidity changes.

Abstract: Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure provide a system, apparatus, and methods for producing a high-performance camouflage and thermal management composite fabric textile systems. The systems comprise woven and non-woven composite fabrics consisting of layers for thermal and electromagnetic wave propagation as well as human thermal emission control. The systems incorporate thermal plastic insulation, felt insulation, electromagnetic wave absorption materials, electromagnetic wave propagation and thermal emission control elements, and camouflage pigment patterns. Dots containing encapsulated metallic particulates enable omni-spectral electromagnetic wave and thermal radiation signature manipulation and control as well as cost-effective manufacturing. Single blended textile processed via needle punching produces hair/fur-like protrusions made from a multilayer fabric composition having EM wave and thermal radiation control elements.

Abstract: A yarn guide channel for arrangement between a spinning device and a winding device of a spinning machine producing a take-up package in which a yarn guide channel forms a passage channel for a yarn running between the spinning device and the winding device. The yarn guide channel has a plurality of pneumatically engageable channel sections coupled to each other, having at least a first channel section, a second channel section and a channel connection section disposed between the first and second channel sections, in which the channel connection section has a mouth for supplying compressed air into the yarn guide channel for generating a pneumatic overpressure in the first channel section associated with a pneumatic suction effect in the second channel section.

Abstract: A process and system for manufacturing twisted and textured yarns are provided. The process includes drawing a first material yarn from a first supply source under predetermined tension; heatingly extending the first material yarn through at least one first heating godet; drawing a second material yarn from a second supply source under predetermined tensions; heatingly extending the second material yarn through at least one second heating godet; feeding at least one of the first material yarn and the second material yarn in an Air Textured Unit (ATY) to obtain a third material yarn; winding the third material yarn exiting from the ATY, wherein the winding is a pirn winding process; twisting the first material yarn, the second material yarn and the third material yarn; and rewinding the twisted third material yarn.

Abstract: Techniques are directed to godet unit for guiding a multifilament thread, including a driven godet of an auxiliary roller or a second godet, from which the thread can be guided with multiple loopings, and including a mingling device for air-mingling the thread. The godet and the mingling device are provided in the form of a combined assembly.

Abstract: An article comprising a yarn; wherein said yarn comprises: (a) a plurality of bulked continuous filaments; (b) a denier of about 200 to 2000; (c) a denier per filament of about 1 to about 20; and (d) a tenacity of about 2.0 to about 7.0 grams per denier; wherein said yarn is interlaced.

Abstract: Techniques are directed to godet unit for guiding a multifilament thread, including a driven godet of an auxiliary roller or a second godet, from which the thread can be guided with multiple loopings, and including a mingling device for air-mingling the thread. The godet and the mingling device are provided in the form of a combined assembly.

Abstract: A method of tensioning multiple webs of print media for a web printer is presented. The method comprises the steps of: feeding each print media web through a print media feeding path of the web printer; and attaching one or more tensioning weights to each print media web so as to impart a tension in each print media web. The total weight value of the one or more tensioning weights attached to each web of print media is substantially the same so that the tension imparted in each print media web is substantially equal.

Abstract: The PTFE real twist yarn of the present invention is a PTFE real twist yarn obtained by twisting a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) multi-filament slit yarn. The yarn has a circular cross-section with a circularity in the range of 10/8 to 10/10, where the circularity is expressed by the ratio between the major axis width and the minor axis width, the average fineness of filaments is in the range of 1.5 to 200 dtex, a fineness D is in the range of 50 to 6000 dtex, and a twist coefficient K expressed by Formula (1) is in the range of 10000 to 35000: twist coefficient K=number of twists T×(the fineness D of the PTFE real twist yarn)1/2??(1) where the number of twists T denotes the number of twists per meter and the fineness D is a total fineness.

Abstract: A yarn conditioning apparatus and methods for removing interlace nodes from a multifilament, crimped yarn, and including a first roll assembly for accepting the multifilament, interlaced yarn from a yarn supply at a predetermined yarn feed rate and outputting the yarn, and a second yarn roll assembly having a yarn feed rate greater than the yarn feed rate of the yarn input roll assembly for accepting the output yarn from the first roll assembly and stretching the yarn to a degree sufficient to remove interlace nodes from the yarn and outputting the conditioned yarn to downstream processes.

Abstract: The invention relates to a pneumatic thread stretcher (T) for a rapier weaving machine or a knitting machine, in which the air current deflection surface (19) for deflecting the thread (Y, Y1) forms a seamless extension (12) of the inner wall of the linear guide channel, through which the thread runs. The invention also relates to a device (H) for changing the flow rate or the pressure of the air current along the deflection surface (19) of the pneumatic thread stretcher (T) between at least two different levels, in accordance with the operating cycle o the textile machine.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for continuous drawing of fibers in the form of coiled fiber loops (e.g., polygonal or serpentine loops). The successive fiber loops are continuously laid on receiving ends of a plurality of conveyer-drawing members (CDM) [e.g., rotating threaded spindles (54) or circulating endless chains (80) and (108)] disposed about a central axis and diverged from this axis. Coiled fiber loops are conveyed along the central axis and simultaneously drawn by enlarging a circumference of the fiber loops by the CDM. The leading fiber loops are continuously taken off at delivery ends of the CDM and conveyed from the drawing apparatus at an outlet speed. Heat chambers (11) and (148) envelop at least the most part of CDM. The process can operate at low drawing speed and long drawing time typical for lab-scale experiments and equal or higher outlet speed and throughput typical for commercial drawing processes.

Abstract: A process to produce a fully oriented polyester yarn from a POY polyester yarn by drawing the POY yarn at a high draw ratio in the range of 1.8–2.3.

Abstract: A parallel spinning process, in particular for filaments, e.g. for textile or industrial applications, made from polymers such as, for example, PET or PA, in each case having a thread interlacing device between two godets for each individual thread, the godets being moved in relation to one another during the piercing or feeding operation in such a way that each individual thread is automatically threaded into its interlacing device associated therewith, and the angle of wrap in the operating mode is at least from 85° to at most 200°, preferably from 175° to 185°.

Abstract: A continuous method for producing composite elastic yarns at speeds up to 700 m/min by (a) stretching (drafting) an elastomeric yarn (e.g., spandex) by 2.0× (100%) to 10.5× (950%) while heating (max. heating temperature 220° C.) in a single or double stage draft, (b) air-jet entangling with a relatively inelastic yarn component to create a composite elastic yarn, and then (c) in-line heat-treating (max. heating temperature 240° C.) the composite elastic yarn. The initial draft stage(s) may also be carried out at ambient temperature. The resulting composite elastic yarn has improved stitch clarity, particularly suited for hosiery, and its properties can be tailored to provide fabric properties for knit and woven fabrics hitherto not possible with standard spandex yarns.

Abstract: A continuous method for producing composite elastic yarns at speeds up to 700 m/min by (a) stretching (drafting) an elastomeric yarn (e.g., spandex) by 2.0×(100%) to 10.5×(950%) while heating (max. heating temperature 220° C.) in a single or double stage draft, (b) air-jet entangling with a relatively inelastic yarn component to create a composite elastic yarn, and then (c) in-line heat-treating (max. heating temperature 240° C.) the composite elastic yarn. The initial draft stage(s) may also be carried out at ambient temperature. The resulting composite elastic yarn has improved stitch clarity, particularly suited for hosiery, and its properties can be tailored to provide fabric properties for knit and woven fabrics hitherto not possible with standard spandex yarns.

Abstract: For the stretching of textile fibers, a new process is proposed, wherein a portion of the necessary force for stretching is exerted by at least one fluid (7), which is brought into contact with the fibers to be stretched in such a manner, that the said fluid (7) entrains the fibers (6) and brings to bear at least a portion of the necessary tensile force for the stretching thereof. The apparatus for the stretching of textile fibers includes a stretch chamber (1) in which the fibers are stretched, wherein an inlet apparatus (11) is located for the injection of at least one fluid (7) to fibers (6) being transported within said stretch chamber (1) and said inlet apparatus, together with the stretch chamber (1), is so constructed that the added fluid (7) imparts the necessary tensile force for the stretching to at least a portion of the fibers (6).

Abstract: A stretching device and method of manufacturing stretched synthetic filaments (2, 3) includes a spinning device (1) and a pneumatic drawing-off device (10). A heating device (5) is situated between the spinning device (1) and the drawing-off device (10) which heats the filaments (2, 3) to a temperature between their glass-transition temperature and their melting temperature.

Abstract: In a relaxation-heating method and an apparatus therefor, relaxation-heating is performed by a heating apparatus which is provided between a yarn supply roller (5) and a take-up roller (7) having a speed lower than that of the supply roller (5) and which is constituted by a heating roller (6a) and an auxiliary bobbin (6b). In the relaxation-heating method and an apparatus therefor, the size is compact, the heat conductivity is high and yarn can be made to run at a high speed.

Abstract: The physical properties of an elastane, i.e. spandex, filament may be selectively altered basically by stretching the filament to a selected degree while heating the filament to a selected temperature above its glass transition temperature to set the filament at a reduced denier and a reduced degree of elongation. The tenacity of the filament may increase or decrease depending upon variable parameters of the methodology. The method may be performed on a single elastane filament or simultaneously on multiple filaments, e.g., in a draw warping operation.

Abstract: A tow of filamentary filter material for tobacco smoke which is to be converted into a rod-like filler of a filter rod is conveyed along an elongated path first through a stretching or tensioning zone where the filaments are stretched and the tow is converted into a relatively wide flat web, thereupon along a relaxing portion of the path wherein the tensioning action upon the filaments is reduced, thereupon along a third portion wherein at least one side of the running web is contacted by droplets of an atomized plasticizer, and thereafter along a fourth portion of the path wherein the web is gathered by reducing its width so that it more closely resembles a rod which is thereupon draped into a web of cigarette paper or other suitable wrapping material. A wind tunnel surrounds at least one portion of the path to confine at least one stream of air which is caused to flow in the direction of advancement of the tow. A tunnel can surround the stretching zone, the relaxing and/or the fourth portion of the path.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for heat setting a traveling tow of synthetic filaments utilizing a high pressure dewatering nip roll mechanism to remove moisture from the tow prior to heat setting. The high pressure dewatering nip roll mechanism includes a pair of nip rollers exerting a pressure of between about 500 and 2000 pounds per linear inch of transverse nip contact on the traveling tow prior to the tow entering a heat setting apparatus such as a calender apparatus. Moisture content of the traveling tow is reduced to less than 10% moisture by weight and preferably less than 5%. Reducing the moisture content of the tow prior to heat setting reduces the energy required to heat set the tow and, contrary to the prevailing wisdom in the art, does not damage the unheat set filaments of the tow.

Abstract: The invention relates to a filling yarn made of a thermally protected polyamide 66 multifilament for a tire cord fabric.

Abstract: It comprises a bowl (2) driven positively in rotation and a guide finger (3) which is spaced from the bowl (2) and is mounted on an arm (6) articulated relative to a support (7) mounted on the frame of the machine.The shaft (8) supporting the bowl (2) is equipped with a drive roller (12) which, in the working position, bears against a drive shaft extending over the entire length of the machine and common to all the workstations which the latter comprises.The articulated arm (6) is associated with means which, on the one hand, hold the drive roller (12) in bearing contact, with adjustable pressure, against the drive shaft during normal operation and, on the other hand, are neutralized when the articulated arm is moved away from said drive shaft.

Abstract: To provide a yarn heating apparatus offering greater heating efficiency and ease of manufacture than a conventional yarn heating apparatus. Provide two heating spaces for yarn, and make the middle heating part 13a between these two heating spaces 10a, 10b detachable. By doing this, yarn can be heated sufficiently and the heating unit can be manufactured more easily. Place heating units 17, 17 on both side of the heating space 10a, 10b through which the two yarns will pass. By doing this, heat is radiated from both sides of the heating space 10a, 10b towards the yarn, heating the entire heating space uniformly. Taper the heating space 10a, 10b towards the yarn inserting port and make the wall facing the heating space 13a, 13b flat. This makes it easier to manufacture the wall.

Abstract: A godet for advancing, guiding, and heating an advancing synthetic filament yarn, which includes a rotating godet casing, which is cup shaped and is mounted over a stationary, tubular support. In the space formed between the godet casing and the support, a radiation heater is arranged on the circumference of the support, and the radiation heater is formed by a heating coil which is wound about the support with a plurality of windings. The coil has over its length different spacings between adjacent windings to provide non-uniform heating along the length of the casing and thereby compensate for the non-uniform cooling of the casing which naturally occurs.

Abstract: The method of producing an industrial yarn at a production speed of from 3000 to 6000 m/min includes melt-spinning a plurality of polyester filaments; stretching a thread made from the filaments by means of a delivery assembly (1) and a drawing roller system (2); providing at least one thread-braking device (3) including at least one deflecting roller (31, 32) between the delivery assembly (1) and the drawing roller system (2); deflecting and decelerating the thread between the delivery assembly and the drawing roller system by means of the at least one thread-braking device (3) and looping the thread only once around the at least one deflecting roller (31,32) of the at least one thread-braking device (3). The at least one deflecting roller (31, 32) is braked to a circumferential speed (v.sub.3) given by the following formula v.sub.3 =v.sub.1 +(v.sub.2 -v.sub.1)* F, wherein 0.5.ltoreq.F<1, v.sub.1 =the delivery assembly speed and v.sub.2 =the drawing roller system speed.

Abstract: The inventive arrangement of texturizing nozzles (8) in a part of a spin draw texturizing machine or a draw texturizing machine presents a fan-like arrangement of these texturizing nozzles in which the longitudinal axes (16) of the texturizing nozzles extend coaxially with a connecting line (17) which extends from a take-off point (15) on a draw roll (1) to the exit of each individual texturizing nozzle (8).

Abstract: A process for producing high strength, high shrinkage nylon 66 filament yarn for industrial fabrics formed as airbag fabrics, the process having the steps of drawing of a nylon 66 LOY filament yarn having a relative viscosity RV of at least 40 by at least three heatable draw roll units, winding the drawn yarn onto a cylindrical yarn support, and at a relaxation ratio of 4 to 10% setting a temperature of a last draw roll unit before winding to between 70.degree. C. and 160.degree. C., and setting a winding tension to less than 0.2 cN/tex.

Abstract: An apparatus for producing thick/thin effects in a filament yarn, whereby between inlet and outlet gallets or pairs of pinch rollers, in a stretching zone, the filament yarn contacts the periphery of at least one rotating disk which is heated and is formed with at least one region of reduced radius in which there is no contact between the filament yarn and the disk. The filament yarn is thereby stretched only in regions in which it is heated by contact with the disk periphery and remains thick in those regions in which it is unheated because of the presence of the recess.

Abstract: A godet for heating an advancing synthetic filament yarn is provided, the godet comprising a plurality of stationary primary windings and, with respect thereto, a magnetically conductive, rotatably supported godet jacket. The godet jacket is coupled with the primary windings via a defined radial clearance extending between same and the side walls of the primary winding carrier for generating induced currents. The carriers are constructed such that their transformer sheets radially overlie each other in the region of their channel bottom, thereby shielding the magnetic flux outward, in particular toward the coil support.

Abstract: A thick/thin and/or color effect composite yarn is produced by depositing a sheath of one or more effect threads on a thick/thin filament yarn in which the thick regions are incompletely stretched, and the resulting assembly is then subjected to stretching to full stretch-out thicker regions.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for melt spinning a plurality of downwardly advancing multifilament polymeric yarns, and winding the advancing yarns into respective packages. Each of the advancing yarns is brought into contact with a separate yarn delivery mechanism which acts to control the yarn tension before the yarn is wound into a package. Thus, the yarn tension of all of the yarns can be made substantially the same when they are wound into packages, which permits all of the packages to have the same winding structure and the same packing density.

Abstract: A method of and apparatus for producing a thin/thick effect yarn provides a thin/thick effect by segmentwise stretching of a filamentary precursor yarn which is combined with a fully-stretched filamentary precursor yarn so that the latter supports the former. The combination can be effected by twisting, nub entanglement or winding of one yarn around the other.

Abstract: A distinctive technique for making porous fiber includes a stretching of a substantially continuous fiber while the fiber is in an operative association with an effective quantity of surface-active material. The fiber can be produced from a source material which includes a thermoplastic, orientable material and at least about 0.35 weight percent (wt %) of a supplemental material. In particular configurations of the invention, the fiber may be contacted with a first quantity of surface-active fluid and at least a separate, second quantity of surface-active fluid. In other configurations, the fiber may be subjected to an additional incremental stretching.

Abstract: Apparatus for twisting a travelling strand includes a rotary structure rotatable about a rotational axis X--X and a series of pulleys mounted on the structure in an array disposed about the rotational axis X--X with each pulley in the series mounted on the structure for rotation about an individual axis of pulley rotation which is generally parallel to the axis X--X and moves around that axis on rotation of the structure. An input strand guide pulley guides an input strand to be twisted onto a path in which it will successively engage the pulleys and a strand exit guide pulley guides the strand from that path into an exit path along the axis X--X. The rotary structure is driven through a drive shaft and the pulleys are rotated by gearing.

Abstract: A method for self-crimping of S/S bi-component fibers on a fiber line includes the steps of main drawing, post-drawing on a cold drawing unit, water application in the tensed state and relaxation at the dryer inlet in the compact closed state, which results in fibers with a novel .OMEGA.-shaped crimping structure.

Abstract: A godet for heating and advancing yarns which includes a stationary support member and a rotatable member which includes a heatable godet jacket. The temperature of the godet jacket is measured by means of temperature sensors, the output signals of which are transmitted by induction from the rotatable member to the stationary member. The godet is provided with an electronic memory, which is connected with the temperature sensors and stores the data supplied by the temperature sensors. The memory is connectible to a data transmission unit, and the data are transmitted by induction between a stationary primary coil and a rotating secondary coil, which also provides the supply of voltage to the rotating member. In this conjunction, it is possible to transmit the data both from the rotating member to the stationary member of the godet and from the stationary member to the rotating member.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for producing a multifilament yarn by a melt spinning-draw process, and which includes applying additional heat to the melt in the region of the spinneret. The relationship between the withdrawal speed and draw ratio may be changed, and with an adaptation of other process parameters, it is possible to increase productivity. The process may be applied to continuous and discontinuous processes.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for stabilizing and increasing the yield of natural rubber yarn includes stretching the yarn three times while allowing the yarn to relax intermediate and following the stretching steps. The method is accomplished using a plurality of nip rolls wherein a second roll is caused to travel faster than a first roll or the second roll is larger than the first roll, or both, to achieve the stretch while the yarn is relaxed intermediate three such stretching assemblies.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for producing stretched yarns.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for simultaneously drawing and interlacing partially oriented thermoplastic yarns. The process is carried out in a single apparatus by maintaining the yarn under drawing tension and simultaneously contacting the tensioned yarn with a gaseous fluid at an angle, temperature and pressure such that the yarn is simultaneously drawn and interlaced at the point it is being drawn.

Abstract: An apparatus for processing one or more tows of filamentary filter material for tobacco smoke between one or more bales and the inlet of a filter rod making machine defines for each tow an elongated path having a substantially U-shaped or V-shaped part. Successive increments of the tow are stretched at least while advancing downwardly along one one leg of the U-shaped or V-shaped part of the path, and successive increments of the tow are gathered while advancing upwardly along the other leg of the U-shaped or V-shaped part of the path. A unit which serves to spray a plasticizing agent against the filaments of the tow is adjacent the substantially horizontal portion between the lower ends of the legs of the U-shaped part or is adjacent the lower region of the other leg of the V-shaped part of the path. The length of the one leg of the U-shaped or the V-shaped part of the path need not exceed 1200 mm, and the maximum width of the tow need not exceed 150 mm.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for heating and drawing a synthetic filament yarn, and wherein the yarn receives a film of water by wetting with heated water vapor before entering into a heating chamber and so that the water vapor initially condenses on the yarn as it enters the heating chamber. To this end, a water nozzle or a hot vapor nozzle may be used, which is arranged upstream of the heating chamber.

Abstract: A non-contact type high-temperature heating apparatus for false twisting of synthetic fiber to provide increased efficiency and energy savings. The apparatus includes a main body defined by a metal tube, and end walls connected to the main body. The main body includes one or more grooves and/or passageways through which filaments pass along the length of the main body. Further, a heat-conductive powder and heating member are contained in the main body.

Abstract: In the manufacture of reinforced composites having reinforcing filaments within a matrix, a filament consisting of a staple yarn spun from discontinuous fibers with low twist is subject to controlled stretching to vary the weight per unit length of the yarn along the length of the yarn. Apparatus for performing the stretching operation comprises two roll pairs spaced apart along the yard feed path and rotated at controlled relative speeds to obtain the desired elongation of the yarn. The yarn may be used directly in producing a composite, e.g., by applying resin to the yarn and winding it onto a mandrel or former, or it may be used to prepare a perform, prepeg tape, woven fabric or the like to be used in the production of a shaped composite. The invention makes it possible to vary the characteristics, e.g., thickness and/or strength, over a composite in a way not previously possible.

Abstract: A process for stretching natural staple fibers to reduce the diameter includes the steps of treating a substantially untwisted traveling assembly of natural fibers to plasticize the natural fibers, twisting the traveling assembly sufficiently to substantially prevent drafting of the assembly during subsequent stretching, subsequently stretching the twisted assembly and setting the stretch. Staple fibers having reduced diameters are provided as a result of the stretching process.

Abstract: A method for conditioning a racquet string which is tensioned to an elongation between 5 and 15% and in this state is wound on a spool. To implement this process, an untreated string segment is drawn off a supply drum and the end of the untreated string segment is affixed to the periphery of the spool. Thereupon the spool is moved away from the supply drum such that a specified winding length corresponding to the untreated string segment is tensioned to produce a predetermined elongation. While the tension is maintained, the elongated string segment, with simultaneous motion of the spool toward the supply drum, is then wound on the supply spool and lastly the second end of this string segment is affixed to the periphery of the spool.

Abstract: A method for calendering a suture includes passing the suture lengthwise between two pairs of calendering rollers each pair being oriented orthogonally to the other pair. The suture may be coated and/or filled by passing it through the contacting region of a suture filling applicator to which filling agent is supplied by a metering pump. The filling process may be computer controlled.

Abstract: A godet for guiding and heating an advancing yarn, which includes a shaft mounted for rotation about its axis, and a casing coaxially and releasably mounted to the shaft. An induction coil heating system is fixedly mounted between the shaft and the outer wall of the casing, and the heating system includes a tubular core having a plurality of induction coils mounted thereon. A plurality of annular ribs are positioned on the core and on the inside of the outer wall of the casing for providing an advantageous magnetic flux path between a core and casing.