Abstract: Stretching apparatus for synthetic filaments is provided with plates (5.1 and 5.2) located in a stretching bath S in spaced apart facing relation to one another to provide a space between which the filaments are drawn along a path. The plates are structured in accordance with the invention (as shown in FIGS. 7 to 16a) so that vibration of the yarn during the passage through the stretching bath is suppressed. At least one of the plates is penetrated by holes which open at the plate surface facing the yarn path.

Abstract: A draw texturing machine, which is provided with a heater to be set at a temperature higher than a melting point of a yarn to be textured, can be stopped in operation while the yarn is being threaded onto the machine and then re-started. The temperature of the heater is lowered upon stoppage of the machine, the temperature of the heater is detected, and the rotating speeds of rotating members are controlled based on the detected temperature. An effective method is provided by which a draw texturing machine provided with a heater to be set at a temperature higher than a melting point of a yarn to be textured can be stopped and then re-started while the yarn is being threaded.

Abstract: The stretching chamber arrangement comprises a stretching chamber with a first closeable feed conduit, a return conduit, a liquid container and a pump for the circulation of the liquid through the stretching chamber. For premoistening the yarns to prevent dry friction during the start-up of the arrangement, a second feed conduit is provided which by-passes the closing valve of the first feed conduit and which opens out into the yarn duct through small premoistening openings situated in the direction of the yarn travel in the area of the yarn entrance in front of the first yarn guiding element of the arrangement.

Abstract: An apparatus for stretching natural staple fibers to reduce their diameter includes a plurality of rotatable arrays of driven pulleys which are mounted for rotation between two twist blocking nips. The rotatable arrays are rotatable on a longitudinal axis corresponding to the direction of travel of an assembly of fibers through the apparatus to impart false twist into the assembly. The assembly of fibers is stretched between two of the pulley arrays with the pulleys of the downstream array being driven at a higher speed than the pulleys of the upstream array. A steam chamber is provided for setting the stretch while the false twist is being maintained by further rotatable pulley arrays. Post treatment stages may be added to further stabilize the stretched fibers.

Abstract: Two-component loop sewing yarn composed of core and effect filaments of high tenacity and low shrinkage made of synthetic polymers, having an ultimate tenacity of above 40 cN/tex, a thermoshrinkage at 180.degree. C. of below 8% and an ultimate tensile strength elongation of below 18%, has a total count of 200 to 900 dtex, its core filaments and effect filaments being in a weight ratio of 95:5 to 70:30 with the linear density of the core filaments being 8 to 1.2 dtex and that of the effect filaments being 4.5 to 1 dtex.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for heat stretching a synthetic fiber rope. The rope is buoyed in a vessel containing a liquid medium, and this is heated to a predetermined stretching temperature. Tension is applied to the heated portion of the rope so as to stretch this to a predetermined increase in length. The process may be batchwise, or it may be continuous. In the batch process, a length of the rope is stretched in the heating vessel by a draw rod. In the continuous process, feed and take-up capstans pass the rope through a heating chamber, and then through a cooling chamber. The capstans are operated at different speeds so that the rope is tensioned and stretched between them within the vessel.

Abstract: A method and apparatus to texture synthetic yarn in which the pin heater used in the drawing step of the system is moved periodically to spread the wear on the surface thereof. The pin heaters are mounted on a bar which is slid sideways by a periodically actuated cam member.

Abstract: Threads consisting of one or more filaments are drawn by being pulled through a braking fluid. Threads consisting of a plurality of filaments are formed into a ribbon for the drawing process. Inside the drawing bath, the thread is heated to a temperature corresponding to its second order transition temperature and is braked in such a way that its tension reaches the tension necessary for drawing the filament or the filaments. Through setting and/or controlling the length of the thread path inside the braking fluid, the viscosity of the fluid, additional mechanical braking means and/or the flow characteristics in the bath, the process is made adaptable for different thread materials and different thread speeds and can be optimized for thread quality. The device for carrying out the process has a quasi-closed main chamber through which a braking fluid is circulated. An antechamber with a variable fluid level may be arranged in front of the entrance to the main chamber.

Abstract: The invention relates to the production of untwisted yarns from at least two fibril bundles. It gives intermediate method steps, which are so introduced between the main steps of the conventional production method for such yarns (spinning, stretching and texturing), that the reciprocal position of the individual fibril bundles resulting from the arrangement of the spinnerets can be retained through the process. A non-positively acting false twister for each individual fibril bundles, whose strength or thickness can be varied, also makes it possible to reproducibly vary the mixing the fibrils of the individual bundles in their contact zones.

Abstract: A fabric material that has a high resistance to tearing and is useful for sporting goods utilizing wind pressure, for example, yacht-sails, paragliders and hanggliders, comprises a woven fabric comprising, as a principal fiber component, polyester fibers and satisfies the following specifications:(1) a basic weight of 20 to 100 g/m.sup.2,(2) a tensile strength of 30 kg/5 cm or more,(3) an ultimate elongation of 18% or more,(4) a burst strengh of 0.18 kg/cm.sup.2 or more,(5) a tear strength of 1.0 kg or more, and(6) an air permeability of 1.0 ml/cm.sup.2 /sec or lessand preferably the polyester fibers have an intrinsic viscosity of 0.7 to 0.95, an individual fiber thickness of 1.5 to 3.0 denier, a tensile strength of 6.0 g/d or more, an ultimate elongation of 20% or more, a gradient A of a stress-strain curve at a point on the curve at which the elongation of the fibers is zero, of 1.

Abstract: A process for drawing thermoplastic multifilament yarns, wherein the yarns have different natural draw ratios, at least one of which is greater than the machine draw ratio used in the process. The yarns are first impinged with a hot fluid to heat them to an elevated temperature and then stretched over a set of draw rolls at a single machine draw ratio. In a preferred aspect of the invention, the yarns are crimped after stretching. Preferably, the thermoplastic yarns are either polypropylene or polyamide yarns.

Abstract: An entangled polyester fiber nonwoven fabric with balanced tensile strength properties and with a fire retardancy in both the machine and cross machine directions of greater than 20 secs. when measured in accordance with NFPA Test No. 702.

Abstract: An improved draw pin device for use in drawing synthetic filaments is disclosed, the draw pin being rotated stepwise by means of a stepper switch device with the rotation being affected by the pulling action of the filaments.

Abstract: The invention concerns a process for orienting the fiber-like macromolecules of monofilaments in a bundle via air of a certain temperature. It consists in the fact that the monofilaments are processed in any desired number of individual flow zones arranged in series with one another, which extend orthogonally to the direction of travel of the monofilaments. The advantage of the invention is that with highly accurate temperature control, the stress on the individual monofilament in the bundle is uniform and homogeneous.

Abstract: A multi-ply continuous filament air textured yarn and method to produce same by combining a plurality of POY yarns in a nip and supplying them to a heated draw block to provide two stages of drawing. The drawn yarn is then heat set and supplied to an air nozzle to texture the yarn.

Abstract: A hydroentangled composite fabric is made by subjecting a spunbonded base web material of continuous man-made filaments to stretching in the cross direction at least 5 percent of its original dimension but less than the cross direction elongation of the material under ambient temperature conditions at the time of stretching. The base web material in its cross-stretched condition is stabilized to provide a prestretched base web material substantially free from cross direction tensioning. A covering layer of fluid dispersible fibers, preferably in the form of one or more wet-laid wood pulp fibrous webs, is applied to one surface of the relaxed prestretched base web to form a multilayer structure and the multilayer structure is subjected to hydroentanglement while in its relaxed condition to embed the covering fibers in the spunbonded base layer and affix the fiber layer to one surface of the prestretched base material.

Abstract: A method for drawing a synthetic thread having a fibril bundle delivers the thread as a ribbon of substantially parallel fibrils through a drawing bath to effect a hydrodynamic braking of the filaments and simultaneous drawing of the filaments. A ceramic pin is used to form the fibrils into parallel relation and substantially in one plane. A second ceramic pin may also be used as a mechanical brake to add to the hydrodynamic braking action by the liquid in the drawing bath. The base and cover of the drawing device are provided with channels to define the flow path for the bath liquid as well as inlet and outlet channels for the liquid. Suction nozzles or air nozzles may be provided at the inlet and outlet ends of the flow paths to remove excess liquid from the fibrils.

Abstract: A fabric, useful as a primary carpet backing, woven in both the warp and weft directions from filmy elements in the form of longitudinally-oriented, splittable ribbons formed from a blend of a major amount of polyester and a minor amount of a polyolefin. The ribbons split longitudinally when punctured by a tufting needle, thus providing for a more secure grip on the tufted carpet yarn than that given by conventional polyester backings. The use of polyester as a principal component overcomes certain drawbacks of polypropylene backings. Alternative processes for making these fabrics, each involving a heat-treating step at a temperature of at least 150.degree. F. (66.degree. C.) for a sufficient period of time to render the ribbons splittable, are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention reveals a process for manufacturing a high strength woven fabric that is particularly suitable for use as a tire reinforcement which comprises:(a) drawing a polymeric yarn to a draw ratio that is 70% to 99% of the draw ratio that would fully draw the yarn to produce an optimally drawn yarn;(b) twisting at least two of said optimally drawn polymeric yarns into a cord;(c) weaving a plurality of said cords into a greige woven fabric; and(d) stretching and relaxing said greige woven fabric under conditions sufficient to reduce the denier of the cords in said fabric by 1% to 10%.

Abstract: A process and apparatus are provided for manufacturing a fasciated yarn having uniform yarn construction and high strength. The process comprises subjecting fibers to a draft cutting step, at least one amendatory draft cutting step and a yarn formation step wherein the fibers are continuously transferred from the draft cutting step to the yarn formation step without any substantial interruption of fiber movement between the steps.

Abstract: A new process is provided for producing highly resilient, textured, continuous multifilament polymeric yarns and combinations of such yarns with other continuous filament yarns and with spun yarns. The unstable or wild loops which form in conventional air jet textured yarns are substantially eliminated in the product yarns of this invention. The product yarns are formed by continuously drawing polymeric yarn under controlled temperature conditions, texturing the yarn in an air jet texturizer and subjecting the textured yarn to saturated steam while restraining the linear shrinkage of the yarn in the presence of the steam, followed by continuous take-up of the yarn on a package.

Abstract: Lightweight nonwoven sheets of polyethylene plexifilamentary film-fibril strands are made by a stretching-and-bonding operation in which the unit weight of the sheet is decreased in stages while at a temperature within 3.degree. to 8.degree. C. of the melting point of the polyethylene. The resultant sheet has a novel combination opacity, X-ray scattering and physical characteristics and is particularly suited for sterile packaging, lightweight envelopes and surgical drapes.

Abstract: A multi-layer nonwoven fabric is provided comprising at least one layer of waste fibers positioned between layers of virgin synthetic fibers joined by, for example, needle punching. A process for producing the fabric comprises the steps of forming a base web of virgin staple fibers, adding a second web of waste fibers, adding a top web of virgin staple fibers, and consolidating the webs as by needle punching to form a composite fabric.

Abstract: Fasciated yarn having uniform yarn construction and high strength, comprising a staple fiber group having a special staple assortment for making such a fasciated yarn.

Abstract: An improved fluid operated forwarding and drawing apparatus for continuous filamentary materials including a jet nozzle structure defined by a fluid outlet port from a fluid plenum chamber and a filament guide tube where the nozzle has a converging acceleration zone, a throat, a diverging expansion zone and a converging transition zone. A small diameter friction tube abuts an exit to the transition zone. The device is adjustable during set up and operation whereby close manufacturing tolerances are not required and operating parameters of the nozzle may be easily varied. The device is operable at low air pressures, low air consumption and low noise levels while handling filamentary materials at high linear velocities. A process for drawing and forwarding filamentary materials is also disclosed.

Abstract: Apparatus for fluidically attenuating streams of molten material into filaments is provided comprising; a base having a first chamber and a recess separated by a wall having a plurality of apertures therethrough, said first chamber being adapted to receive a fluid; a first member having a first arcuate surface and a distal end, the first member being adapted to be joined to said base such that first arcuate surface is adjacent said recess and said apertures of said base; a second member having a second arcuate surface, a head region, and a third arcuate surface, said head region being located intermediate and contiguous with said second and third arcuate surfaces, said second member being joined to said base such that said second arcuate surface is positioned adjacent said recess and said apertures of said base such that said first arcuate surface, said second arcuate surface and said head region form a smoothly converging passageway, the head region being positioned relative to the distal end to form an outl

Abstract: The uniformity of bulked continuous filament yarns is improved by stabilizing the yarn path on draw pins and on heated draw rolls in a coupled spin-draw-bulk process wherein just before the yarn contacts a draw pin it is passed between two parallel guide pins in tandem in a zig-zag path which cause the plane of the yarn ribbon to rotate about the yarn axis by an angle of from 50.degree. to 90.degree. and back before contacting a draw pin. More uniform spreading of the yarn filaments on the heated rolls saves energy by permitting the use of lower roll temperatures.

Abstract: A method of providing a hot section in a continuously moving synthetic yarn comprises directing at least one jet of hot fluid obliquely across the moving yarn. The jet intersects the yarn at an obtuse angle to the approaching yarn. The method also produces drawn yarn by passing undrawn yarn into the jet and tensioning the yarn as it passes through the jet. Apparatus for performing the method includes a body member formed with a chamber formed with yarn entry and exit passages and a fluid ejecting nozzle. The body member may be additionally formed with a cavity opening from the chamber opposite the nozzle.

Abstract: A method for continuously producing a non-woven web having uniform distribution of filaments from natural or synthetic fibers comprising drafting with use of a high speed air-jet type drafting device a number of filaments which are fed from a filament source and blasting the drafted filaments onto a face of a moving collector, which is characterized in that the distribution of the filaments is controlled by passing the filaments through a filament distribution-controlling device comprising a filament guide passage having a narrow rectangular cross section and an air sucking means provided at least an one rectangular side wall of the filament guide passage, said controlling of the distribution of the filaments being performed with the air stream sucked spontaneously or positively from the air sucking means.

Abstract: A method for stretching a tow of filaments wherein the tow is passed under tension through a chamber, the chamber having openings at the ends thereof for passage of the tow, and streams of heated liquid are forced transversely through the tow at the chamber openings at a critical minimum rate at least as great asx = 3,000T.sqroot.(WN/h(.mu./.rho.)where x is the heated liquid flow rate in gallons per minute through each opening, T is the thickness of the streams of heated liquid in inches at said openings, W is the width of the openings and the liquid streams in inches, h is the height or thickness in inches that the tow is free to assume in passing through the openings, N is the number of filaments in the tow, .mu. is the viscosity of the heated liquid in pounds per foot-second and .rho. is the density of the heated liquid in pounds per cubic foot.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the production of dyed filaments from aromatic polyamides which contain acid groups.

Abstract: A process for drawing and air-jet bulking polyester yarn which has been spin-oriented by melt-spinning at high speed. The yarn is drawn while heating it with a heater at a temperature greater than 180.degree. C and the drawn yarn is immediately air-jet textured to produce crunodal surface loops. Boil-off shrinkages of less than 3.5 percent are obtained without heating the yarn after it is drawn.