Abstract: A device for measuring rotary motions having a signal generator ring which rotates with the rotating part and of a double-sided measuring coil. Within the core of the measuring coil there are a permanent magnet, which is magnetized perpendicularly to the coil axis, and two elongated pole shoes which are arranged on the pole surfaces of the permanent magnet and whose end pieces protrude from both sides of the coil and reach almost as far as the signal generator ring. The signal generator ring and the pole shoes are designed, arranged and attuned in respect of one another so that, during the rotary motion, the magnetic flux alternately passes via the end piece of one pole shoe to the end piece of the pole shoe arranged on the second pole surface, which end piece protrudes from the other side of the coil, and thereupon passes via the two other end pieces of the pole shoes. Provided as signal generator ring is a toothed wheel with inwardly directed teeth or several toothed wheels firmly coupled with one another.

Abstract: A drive has a hub with first and second end portions and a shoulder located thereon. An armature and sheave assembly is located on bearings on the hub first end portion. The armature forms a cavity for receiving an electromagnet, which abuts against the shoulder. Slip rings are coupled to the electromagnet by way of a fan and a slip ring shaft. The slip rings, which are adjacent to the second end of the hub, can be of a small diameter to extend brush life. In addition, the same size slip rings can be used on different sizes of the drive. Two piece brush holders are provided for each brush. Each brush holder can be disassembled into its respective pieces for cleaning. The brush holders and slip rings can be protected from the environment by a cover.

Abstract: A variable reluctance drive system including a motor and corresponding converter for improved current commutation is described. The motor incorporates a salient pole rotor and a salient pole stator having one or more full pitch windings which operate by mutual inductance to transfer the current from the active short pitch winding following phase alignment. This increases output torque and/or speed and permits a number of simple and economical converter circuits.

Abstract: A differential reactance permanent magnet transducer has a stator with at least two pole elements, each having an electrically conductive coil wound thereabout. The reluctances of the stator pole elements are periodically changed, in an electrically out-of-phase relationship to one another, due to the effects of permanent magnet elements moving in proximity thereto. Measurement of the reactance differentials that are thereby produced in coils mounted upon the two stator pole elements is utilized to sense the angular position of the transducer rotor. In addition to a high-resolution sensor zone and a commutation sensor zone, the transducer may include a home sensor zone to indicate a home position upon each revolution of the rotor. All of the coils employed on the stator are so arranged and electrically connected that no net back-EMF value is inductively generated from any coil as a result of movement of the rotor relative to the stator.

Abstract: A single-phase reluctance motor is constructed so that either the rotor or the stator (or both) has poles in which there are areas of different saturation induction (thereby forming an asymmetric saturation characteristic in these poles), as a result of which an aligned position of the movable member becomes non-aligned at increasing excitation current and the movable member begins to move in a predetermined direction.

Abstract: The invention comprises a switched reluctance machine including a stator and a rotor wherein the stator includes stator teeth wound with separately excitable phase windings. The separately excitable phase windings receiving a combination of signals wherein the first of those signals is a phase winding signal and the second of those signals is a magnetic bearing signal. A method of controlling a switched reluctance machine wherein the switched reluctance machine includes separately excitable stator windings. The method comprising the steps of exciting each stator winding with a signal representative of the phase excitation for that winding and superimposing on each of said windings a signal capable of producing the magnetic force necessary to support the rotor in the absence of a mechanical bearing.

Abstract: Inexpensive, maintenance-free and high efficiency reluctance motors and generators have a construction that makes it possible to decrease pulsating torque and additional harmonic core loses. Each salient pole of the rotor core of the reluctance motor and generator has a shape such that the gap permeance varies in proportion to cos (N.theta..sub.2), where .theta..sub.2 represents an angular position with respect to the origin set to the center of a salient pole, or a shape analogous to the shape. In order to make up for a reduction of reluctance torque due to the shape, slits are provided inside the rotor core which cause a large reluctance for the quadrature-axis flux without interfering with the direct-axis flux.

Abstract: The sensitivity of an induction-type motion sensor having a magnetic circuit with a permanent magnet to small movements is increased by the use of a stator with a core containing a permanent magnet as a fixed part thereof. An electrical coil is wound around the stator and a pendulum-type rotor has a ferromagnetic moving element which, when the motion sensor is subjected to movement forces, passes in and out of the air gap of the stator, thereby alternating the magnetic field in the stator and inducing a current in the electrical coil.

Abstract: A bearing for a road wheel of a motor vehicle that is equipped with an anti-lock braking system has on the outer surface of its outer race ring two alternative positions for excitor rings. A rebate affording a cylindrical surface and an axial locating shoulder is provided at each of these positions, enabling a single design of bearing to be used in either a drum or disc brake arrangement.

Abstract: The invention relates to a reluctance motor having a ferromagnetic stationary member (3) and a ferromagnetic member (5) which is movable relative thereto, which exhibit an air gap (4) between spaced-apart pole faces (3c, 5c) of salient pole parts (3b, 5b), one of the members being provided with excitation coils, which surround ferromagnetic cores (3a, 5a) providing a ferromagnetic coupling between the pole parts of this member, the ferromagnetic cores being dimensioned to have such cross-sections that during the magnetisation of these cores by the excitation current the cores are magnetically saturated at the same time as the salient pole parts.

Abstract: A rotary sensing device for indicating the angular displacement of a shaft is disclosed which comprises a magnetic core member formed of ferromagnetic material, a first winding wound within the core member for producing a first magnetic field in a closed path throughout the core, a second winding wound around the core member for producing a second magnetic field in a closed path throughout the core, the first and second magnetic fields being orthogonal to each other, and a pick-up coil assembly associated with the magnetic core member, the magnetic fields, and the shaft for sensing angular displacement of the shaft. A proximity sensor for sensing the passage of an object and the direction of passage of the object is also disclosed.

Abstract: A hybrid single-phase variable reluctance motor (31) has a stator (33) having a plurality of inwardly salient teeth (41A-41D) terminating at a central bore (37). The teeth are arranged in generally diametrically opposed pairs of teeth and are generally evenly spaced around the bore. A phase winding (43) is operatively associated with one pair of the stator teeth. The winding, when energized, causes a temporary magnetization of the stator teeth. A rotor (35) is disposed for rotation in the bore and has outwardly salient teeth (45A, 45B) generally diametrically opposed to each other. A permanent magnet (53) is disposed adjacent the bore at the end of one tooth (41D) of a second pair (41C, 41D) of stator teeth. One tooth (41D) of the second pair of stator teeth is offset with respect to a longitudinal axis (A.sub.1) of the second pair of teeth. This offset acts to eliminate a stable detent position in which the rotor could otherwise "park" itself when it stops running.

Abstract: A railway axle is described of the type in which a rolling element bearing is mounted within a seat defined between two members, a first of which rotates with respect to the second, and is provided, externally of the seat, with a sealing assembly adapted to protect respective rolling bodies of the bearing; an annular element of the sealing assembly is fixed for rotation with the rotating member of the axle and is provided with a plurality of permanently magnetized zones having substantially the same width circumferentially spaced from one another with substantially constant pitch; within the seat and close to the said annular element of the sealing assembly there is further provided a sensor carried by the fixed member of the axle and adapted to be activated by the transit past it of the said magnetized zones to generate a periodic signal having a frequency proportional to the number of these which transit past the sensor in unit time.

Abstract: In a stator-excited synchronous machine with laminated sector stator elements (SS1 or SS2), which are arranged one behind another at an axial distance and are winding-excited by in each case one excitation winding part (EW1 or EW2) of opposite polarity, the operating efficiency can be increased with low outlay when a permanent magnet arrangement (M) having a magnetization opposing the winding excitation in the sector stator elements is provided in the axial spacing chamber between the sector stator elements (SS1 or SS2); in order to lock the position of the magnet arrangement (M), the facing laminations of the magnet arrangement (M) have bent-away tongues (Z) gripping radially from below.

Abstract: A wheel hub assembly for an anti-lock braking system including a method of making the same. The present invention includes a ferrous hub having a plurality of non-ferrous elements integrally cast into the hub. Each of the elements is substantially embedded in the hub and includes an exposed surface which is coincidental with the outer surface of the hub. During rotation of the assembly, a sensor will alternately sense the hub and the interruptions.

Abstract: A variable reluctance resolver comprises a rotor core and stator magnetic poles structured to enable reluctance in the space between the rotor core and stator magnetic poles to be changed by the positions of the rotor core and to make the fundamental wave component of the reluctance variation N cycles per revolution of the rotor core, N being an integer of 1 or more; first magnetic poles having a predetermined number 3N phases arranged at equal intervals on the stator magnetic poles; second magnetic poles having a predetermined number of 3N phases formed in the central positions between the first magnetic poles; excitation coils arranged individually between the first and second magnetic poles and connected in series to each other for each phase of the magnetic poles; a current change detecting device for detecting current value change due to the variation of the reluctance when an alternating current is applied to the magnetic coils of each phase of the magnetic poles; 3N difference value calculating devices

Abstract: A multiple phase switched reluctance motor (30). A stator assembly (32) has a plurality of inwardly salient teeth (34a-341) terminating at a central bore (36). A rotor assembly (38) is disposed for rotation in the bore and has a plurality of rotor teeth (42a-42d). The stator assembly has at least one redundant pole set for each motor phase. The rotor assembly has a corresponding proportional number of rotor teeth. The redundancy of the poles helps distribute ovalizing forces on the motor assembly. This lessens the effect of these forces and reduces motor noise produced by the assembly in response to the forces. In addition, the stator can have multiple teeth per pole and the rotor a multiple of the determined rotor teeth. The number of rotor teeth exceeds the number of stator teeth so the rotor teeth overlap the stator teeth. This improves starting torque in a desired direction of motor rotation.

Abstract: Labyrinth disks, which are integral components of an electric motor, provided in the front and rear portions of the motor and/or the rotational speed detecting gear, which also is an integral component of the motor, of a rotational speed detector for detecting the rotational speed of the output shaft of the motor are employed for balancing the motor.The labyrinth disks and the rotational speed detecting gear are provided at the outer surfaces thereof with a plurality of internally threaded holes. An imbalance in the motor is measured after completely assembling the motor, and then a balancing screw is screwed into the internally threaded hole to an appropriate point, to thereby balance the rotary unit of the motor.

Abstract: An in-axle annular rotational speed sensor assembly (52) for drive axles (10) is provided which mounts directly to the drive axle differential bearing adjusters (36) in a relatively available and protected space (50) within the axle housing. The assembly utilizes the ferromagnetic adjuster to define a portion of the magnetic flux path (108) and maintains a large axial separation between the adjuster and the air gap (102) between the arrays of rotor and stator teeth (82, 100).

Abstract: An axially compact rotational sensor adaptable to a drive axle for determining the rotational speed of the differential case which is the average speed of the wheels associated therewith. In a second embodiment dual rotational sensors are incorporated in the drive axle for determining the rotational speed of the differential and one axle shaft permitting calculation of the speed of both axle shafts.

Abstract: Displacement along a linear or rotary path causes relative displacement of a pair of elements (101,102) that confront each other across the path. One element (101) provides a series of coil portions (AB,BC), while the other (102) has a portion which increases the inductance of the fraction of the coil portions that it lies adjacent at any instant. The coil portions are homopolar. Typically each coil portion has an axis which intersects the path, and all are wound in the same sense about their axes. They are generally connected in series as a single winding on a core (101). The core has unwound portions (104) for providing a flux return path.

Abstract: An antifriction bearing assembly comprises a stationary outer race and a rotatable inner race with two annular rows of rolling elements between the races. A sensor assembly is mounted in the outer race so as to position a sensor between the races and the two rows of rolling elements, and an encoder is mounted on the inner race between the rows of rolling elements. Several sensor assembly and encoder configurations are included.

Abstract: A motor and/or generator functioning according to the reluctance principle, has stator sectors distributed over the circumference of the rotor, each with radially projecting pole shanks around which a concentrated exciter coil part is wrapped. The pole shanks are connected by a short-circuit yoke, in that the pole shanks are laterally offset at an angle relative to the radial center line of symmetry of the stator sector in question. This allows a significant reduction in the structural size, while guaranteeing the operational effectiveness.

Abstract: An antifriction bearing assembly comprises a stationary outer race and a rotatable inner race with two annular rows of rolling elements between the races. A sensor assembly is mounted in the outer race so as to position a sensor between the races and the two rows of rolling elements, and an encoder is mounted on the inner race between the rows of rolling elements. Several sensor assembly and encoder configurations are included.

Abstract: An antifriction bearing assembly comprises a stationary outer race and a rotatable inner race with two annular rows of rolling elements between the races. A sensor assembly is mounted in the outer race so as to position a sensor between the races and the two rows of rolling elements, and an encoder is mounted on the inner race between the rows of rolling elements. Several sensor assembly and encoder configurations are included.

Abstract: An alternating electric current generator comprises an armature rotatably carried by a drive shaft and positioned between stabilized, non-moving magnetic elements. The armature has first and second magnetic field transmitting sections with a magnetized section sandwiched therebetween. As electric load is applied to the generator, a countermagnetic field is generated through the armature to increase speed of the drive shaft and thereby lessen torque required to rotate the drive shaft.

Abstract: The arrangement of a rotary apparatus for aircraft landing gears comprises, disposed in an aircraft wheel axlea modular assembly in one unit comprising a stator and a rotor which is mounted in the stator by two rolling bearings, the stator and the rotor being respectively divided into two stator parts and two rotor parts forming a genetachometer and an electromagnetic coupling of the rotating transformer type for sensors carried by the wheel.

Abstract: A reluctance-type motor in which two or more three-phase, half-wave reluctance-type motors are juxtaposed within an outer casing (42), the number of magnetic poles (16a, . . .) and salient poles per motor decreases. Accordingly, a long and narrow motor having a small diameter can be obtained. With a construction in which n number of three-phase, half-wave motors are juxtaposed, the output torque is multiplied by n. Further, by providing a phase difference of 120/n degrees for the output torque of each motor, the torque ripple can be made small and the characteristics at the start-up time become good. By feeding back the magnetic energy in an exciting coil to the D.C. power supply of the applied high voltage, the magnetic energy is extinguished rapidly to prevent a counter-torque from occurring, and a magnetic energy is stored rapidly by the applied high voltage to prevent a reduced torque from occurring.

Abstract: A variable reluctance motor having improved means for detecting the relative position of the rotor and stator during rotation of the rotor whereby signals may be employed to commutate the motor, comprising sensed means on the rotor including four sets of elements, each set located within an arcuate length of 90.degree. and each set having two sensed portions with leading edges in the direction of rotation being separated by alternating arcuate lengths of 30.degree. and 60.degree.. Sensing means comprising two sensors arcuately separated by 30.degree. times n wherein n is 1, 2, 4, or 5 are located adjacent the path of rotation of the sensed elements. In a preferred embodiment, the sensed means is a permanent ring magnet having unequal alternating arcuate North and South pole lengths, and the sensing means are two Hall effect sensors. Commutation of a three-phase motor having four rotor poles and six stator poles can thus be effected with the use of only two sensors.

Abstract: Wheel bearing hub for a vehicle, equipped with a pulser (16) and with a sensor (18). The pulser is fitted onto the rotating element (1) of the hub and comprises a protective part which externally encases the sensor head (17) sealingly, so as to isolate the latter from what is variously thrown up from the external environment.

Abstract: An antifriction bearing assembly comprises a stationary outer race and a rotatable inner race with two annular rows of rolling elements between the races. A sensor assembly is mounted in the outer race so as to position a sensor between the races and the two rows of rolling elements, and an encoder is mounted on the inner race between the rows of rolling elements. Several sensor assembly and encoder configurations are included.

Abstract: A hub assembly for a motor vehicle equipped with an anti-lock brake system in which the exciter ring for the ABS is press fit over the outer surface of the hub with the ring providing an inner cylindrical surface for a press fit mount of a seal assembly into the exciter ring rather than providing a mounting surface in the hub for the seal assembly. As a result, only the bearing race and the exciter ring are press fit to the hub. This configuration enables the exciter ring to be positioned radially outwardly from the bearing such that the bearing provides radial support to the hub beneath the exciter ring whereby distortion of the hub assembly components due to multiple press fit mounts is reduced, part to part variation is reduced and dimensional instability of the assembly is reduced.

Abstract: A bearing assembly comprises an outer race with an outwardly projecting flange and an inner race with a similar outwardly projecting flange. A sensor assembly is mounted on the flange of the stationary race, and an encoder is mounted on the flange of the rotating race. Several sensor assembly and encoder configurations are included.

Abstract: An antifriction bearing assembly comprises a stationary outer race and a rotatable inner race with two annular rows of rolling elements between the races. A sensor assembly is mounted in the outer race so as to position a sensor between the races and the two rows of rolling elements, and an encoder is mounted on the inner race between the rows of rolling elements. Several sensor assembly and encoder configurations are included.

Abstract: A probe transducer subassembly for a rotational speed sensor assembly is provided. A probe body (1) has a transducer portion (14) extending through an opening (19) into the interior of housing for electromagnetic cooperation with an exciter rotor, a distal portion (15) carrying connection devices extending therefrom and an enlarged diameter intermediate portion defining inwardly and outwardly facing shoulders. The shoulders cooperate with the exterior surface of the housing surrounding the opening and a shoulder in a shroud member (2) to axially position the probe in the housing and allow the probe to be clamped between the housing and the shroud.

Abstract: A switched reluctance motor driven by a polyphase source includes a stator having a yoke and a plurality of evenly spaced salient poles distributed about the yoke and a rotor mounted for rotation relative to the stator having a plurality of unevenly spaced salient poles. The geometry of the stator and rotor is such that each of the stator poles is separated from an adjacent stator pole by an angle .alpha..sub.1 and the poles of the rotor are alternately spaced from adjacent rotor poles by angles .alpha..sub.1 and .alpha..sub.2. Windings associated with the poles of the stator are connected to be driven by a polyphase source such that two phases of the source are energized simultaneously. The simultaneous energization of two phases results in pairs of adjacent stator poles being magnetized with opposite polarity, thereby forming a magnetic circuit whose path includes only the portion of the yoke bridging the two adjacent stator poles of a pair.

Abstract: Speed sensor utilizing a stator which includes two circumferentially spaced elements which are interconnected by a low magnetic permeability member. The elements have alternating regions which provide a variation in magnetic permeability. A rotor which is arranged for rotation about a rotational axes includes alternating regions of magnetic permeability which interact with the stator. A magnet is located between the elements of the stator and the structural interconnection therebetween. A coil of wire is placed around the structural interconnecting member to sense variations in magnetic field which are caused by the change in reluctance as the respective regions of magnetic permeability of the elements and rotor pass one another.

Abstract: A switched reluctance motor has a stator with a plurality of salient motor poles disposed about a central bore. A rotor having an even number of rotor poles is disposed for rotation in the central bore. Magnetizing phase windings are associated with the stator poles for selectively generating magnetic fields which extend from the stator poles into the central bore and define an even number of phases. The windings are disposed such that each stator pole is adjacent two phase windings of opposite polarity with the magnetic flux through each stator varying in direction with the energization of the various phases. The rotor includes a plurality of rotor segments disposed about the periphery of the rotor. Each segment is magnetically active and defines a pair of spaced rotor poles. The spacing between rotor poles for a given rotor segment is substantially the same as that between adjacent stator poles.

Abstract: Four embodiments of a reluctance type rotational speed sensor are disclosed. In the first embodiment, an annular magnet circumscribes a sensing coil having a unitary rotor nested within it, and is disposed between two elements which comprise the stator. In a second embodiment, a magnet is disposed between two halves which comprise a rotor, the entire assembly nesting within a sensing coil and being disposed between the two stator elements. In the third embodiment, the rotor carries multiple magnets in an axially opposed position with respect to teeth formed on the stator. The magnetic flux in the magnetic circuit increases and decreases as the rotor magnets alternate between aligned and non-aligned positions enabling measurement of angular speed in accordance with the increase and decrease of magnetic flux. Any of the first three embodiments may be used, with minor modifications, in environments where a rotating shaft turns within a stationary bore, or where a rotting bore turns about a stationary shaft.

Abstract: A bearing assembly comprises an outer race with an outwardly projecting flange and an inner race with a similar outwardly projecting flange. A sensor assembly is mounted on the flange of the stationary race, and an encoder is mounted on the flange of the rotating race. Several sensor assembly and encoder configurations are included.

Abstract: A miniature motor with a revolution-detecting generator, the motor having a stator formed by a permanent magnet on the motor housing and a rotor consisting of a winding on a core. Electric current is fed to the rotor winding via current feeding brushes and a commutator. A revolution-detecting generator comprising a frequency-detecting coil for receiving changes of magnet flux made by teeth on stator and rotor components generates an induced voltage proportional to the revolution of the rotor, in which a noise-suppressing coil wound in a lapped state with the frequency-detecting coil is provided. The noise-suppressing coil and the frequency-detecting coil are connected with each other in a reverse phase, and the noise-suppressing coil is connected in parallel with the frequency-detecting coil via a high-pass filter connected in series.

Abstract: This invention relates to a hub assembly used on axles of a motor vehicle which has an anti lock braking system. The hub assembly consists of a ferrous exciter ring having toothed projections thereon. The exciter ring is cast integral with a hub. The integral cast hub results in a strong assembly that virtually eliminates the possible loosening of the hub and exciter ring, which can result in failure of the device. Also, precision machining of the components is not necessary to permit their assembly. A pick up senses the teeth of the exciter ring as the teeth pass the sensor to detect the relative rotational velocity of the motor vehicle wheel.

Abstract: A variable reluctance motor (10, 100, 200) for providing holding torque in accordance with the invention includes a magnetically permeable rotor (12); a stator (18) axially aligned with the rotor having at least one phase winding (22) for producing a magnetic field causing the rotor to rotate; and a first cylindrical magnet (26) mounted coaxial with and outboard from a first side of the rotor which creates a permanent magnetic field coupling the rotor to the magnet to provide holding torque.

Abstract: A Wiegand-effect shaft position sensor is excited by an alternating magnetic field generated by stationary magnets or solenoids interacting with a high-strength, toothed wheel that is fixed to the rotor. A set of three stationary poles are situated proximate to the rotor and are connected together by a yoke. The magnets or solenoids are mounted in the outside poles of the set of three stationary poles. The central stationary pole contains a Wiegand-effect device. In operation, a flux reversal in the Wiegand-effect device occurs at twice the frequency at which the poles of the toothed wheel pass the stationary poles, resulting in the generation of sharp voltage pulses indicative of rotor position.

Abstract: A thin, metallic sensor ring for rotational sensing systems wherein protrusions formed on the periphery of the ring are constructed so as to interrupt an electromagnetic flux emitted by a sensing device mounted in fixed relation to the ring, whereby rotation of the ring may be detected. The protrusions are formed without removing any metal from the ring, preferably by a stamping or drawing operation. Slits may be provided in the ring to facilitate the formation of the protrusions. The ring may be partially encapsulated in a plastic mounting adapter to facilitate mounting thereof on a rotating shaft or hub.

Abstract: A current carrying drive coil in a magnetic field is moved by the field. An attached tachometer coil, passing through the same field, produces a voltage from which the speed of the coils may be calculated. Changes in the drive coil current produce noise in the tachometer coil. This noise is offset by combining the tachometer voltage with the voltage produced by a stationary pickup coil, which picks up only the noise.

Abstract: An electric motor comprises a laminated stator core supporting windings to define similar adjacent poles. A rotor is mounted to rotate within the stator. The similar poles in a group define flux paths with adjacent pole groups. Thus the flux paths required are restricted to those between adjacent dissimilar pole groups. In this way the material of the core between the flux paths can be reduced as it is not required to carry flux itself. This redundant portion of the core can be shaped to accommodate neighbouring components or to reduce the material of the core laminations.

Abstract: A variable reluctance rotation sensor comprises a rotatable magnetic toothed wheel adjacent a fixed magnetic pickup assembly. The pickup assembly comprises a pair of permanent magnets, each with a similar pole adjacent the wheel and separated circumferentially by the arc between a tooth and a non-adjacent slot. A magnetic flux member with a coil joins the other poles of the magnets in series opposed relationship and extends in close proximity to the tooth wheel to establish separate flux loops for each magnet distributed along the coil. The flux loops are spatially determined by the teeth and slots between the permanent magnets, so that they fluctuate circumferentially and generate an electrical signal in the coil with wheel rotation by variation of the flux linkages to individual turns of the coil. The sensor thus uses spatial flux changes to produce a rotation signal at very low rotational speeds with a larger air gap than that of conventional sensors.

Abstract: A variable reluctance rotation sensor comprises a rotatable toothed wheel and a magnetic pickup assembly comprising a pair of permanent magnets each having a pair of poles with an opposite one of said poles adjacent the toothed wheel. The permanent magnets are separated from each other by an arc equal to the arc between two of the teeth and joined by a magnetic flux member with a multi-turn electrical coil wound thereon. The flux member establishes a common main flux loop through the first and second permament magnets but also extends close to the toothed wheel to further establish additional flux loops separately through each of the permanent magnets. Passage of alternating teeth and slots as the wheel rotates produces a spatial fluctuation in the additional flux loops between the magnets to vary the flux linkages with individual coil turns and increase the electrical signal in the coil over the signal level that would be produced by variations in air gap of the common flux loop alone.

Abstract: A motor structure and energization scheme provides a high efficiency electronically commutated reluctance motor that is characterized by less iron loss than conventional switched reluctance motors. The motor operates without the reversal of the flow of flux in the stator. Also, the flux switching frequency in the stator is minimized. By eliminating flux reversals and minimizing the flux switching frequency, the electronically commutated reluctance motor is operable over a wide range of speeds with improved efficiency. Structurally, the stator includes unevenly spaced poles which are grouped into pairs separated by a space related to the even spacing of the poles on the rotor. Adjacent pairs of poles on the stator are separated by a spacing which is not equal to the spacing between the poles of a pair. To provide for rotation of the rotor, each pair of poles on the stator is polarized to form poles of opposite polarity such that a magnetic circuit joins the two adjacent poles of the pair.