Abstract: The present invention is intended to provide an image pickup device-equipped rear view mirror with improved image pickup performance, glare prevention and appearance (design) in addition to improved performance as a vehicle mirror. A mirror element is formed by forming a reflecting film consisting of high refractive index material films and a low refractive index material film on a back surface of a transparent glass substrate. The integrating sphere reflectance of the mirror element in the visible range is 40% to 60% and the near-infrared transmittance is no less than 70% for the whole or part of the band belonging to the near-infrared range within the entire sensitive wavelength range of the near-infrared camera. A black mask member is attached to an entire back surface of the reflecting film. The near-infrared camera is arranged behind the black mask member.

Abstract: An optical reflective film and a light emitting device are provided. The optical reflective film includes a main body, organic particles, inorganic particles, and voids. The main body is made of polyolefin. A refractive index difference N of the optical reflective film is defined in the following equation, and its value ranges from 0.05 to 0.7: N = ? ( blr - alr ) × blc ? + ? ( clr - alr ) × clc ? + ? ( dlr - alr ) × dlc ? 100 In above equation, alr is refractive index of polyolefin, alc is weight percentage of the main body in the optical reflective film. blr is refractive index of the organic particles disposed in the main body, blc is weight percentage of the organic particles, clr is refractive index of inorganic particles disposed in the main body; clc is weight percentage of organic particles; dlr is refractive index of voids disposed in the main body, and dlc is the void ratio of optical reflective film.

Abstract: A display device may include a substrate, a thin film layer formed on the substrate and/or having a light absorptance that varies according to an electric field applied to the thin film layer, and/or electrodes disposed to apply the electric field to the thin film layer and/or configured to change the electric field applied to the thin film layer.

Abstract: A display apparatus includes a light source, a display panel and an optical plate between the light source and the display panel. The optical plate includes a supporting sheet, a first, a second and a third optical layer. The first optical layer is disposed on a bottom surface of the supporting sheet and has a plurality of first protruding portions on a bottom surface of the first optical layer and has a first refractive index. The second optical layer is disposed on the bottom surface of the first optical layer and covers the first protruding portions. The second optical layer has a second refractive index larger than the first refractive index. The third optical layer is disposed on a top surface of the supporting sheet and has a plurality of second protruding portions on a top surface and has a third refractive index smaller than the second refractive index.

Abstract: A method of reflecting impinging electromagnetic radiation by using engineered surfaces of alternating layers of materials having different indices of refraction is described. These layers can be fabrication or applied onto the surfaces of macro-scale objects. Also, a method of limiting the heating within the interior of an object being impinged upon by electromagnetic radiation is described.

Abstract: The present invention provides an image sensor. The image sensor comprises: a substrate, a plurality of optical elements, a first insulation layer, an anti-reflective coating (ARC) layer, a second insulation layer, and a color filter array. The optical elements are disposed in the substrate. The first insulation layer is disposed on the substrate and the optical elements. The ARC layer is disposed on the first insulation layer. The second insulation layer is disposed on the ARC layer. The color filter array is disposed on the second insulation layer, and the color filter array comprises a plurality of color filters corresponding to a plurality of different colors of light, respectively. The ARC layer comprises a plurality of sections directly below the color filters in a vertical direction, respectively, and the sections have different inherent reflection characteristics. The image sensor of the present invention can increase sensitivity and reduce crosstalk.

Abstract: A structure for reducing internal reflections in an optical system includes a stack of layers including a first layer having a first refractive index, a second layer having a second refractive index, a third layer having a third refractive index, a fourth layer having a fourth refractive index, and a fifth layer having a fifth refractive index. The second layer is arranged between the first layer and the third layer, and the fourth layer is arranged between the third layer and fifth layer. Further, the third refractive index is greater than the second and fourth refractive indexes, the second refractive index is greater than the first refractive index, and the fourth refractive index is greater than the fifth refractive index.

Abstract: A substrate is provided with an abrasion resistance antireflection coating. The coated substrate includes a multilayer antireflection coating on at least one side. The coating has layers with different refractive indices, wherein higher refractive index layers alternate with lower refractive index layers. The layers having a lower refractive index are formed of silicon oxide with a proportion of aluminum, with a ratio of the amounts of aluminum to silicon is greater than 0.05, preferably greater than 0.08, but with the amount of silicon predominant relative to the amount of aluminum. The layers having a higher refractive index include a silicide, an oxide, or a nitride.

Abstract: A method for processing the surface of a component, or the processing of an optical element through an ion beam, directed onto the surface to be processed, whereby the surface is lowered and/or removed at least partially, and wherein the ions have a kinetic energy of 100 keV or more, as well as optical elements processed in accordance with the method.

Abstract: An anti-reflection structure for transmitting a light source is disclosed. The anti-reflection structure comprises a first dielectric layer of a first refractive index and a second dielectric layer of a second refractive index different from the first refractive index. The first dielectric layer has a plurality of protrusions randomly arranged on a top surface thereof, in which the plurality of protrusions and the intervals therebetween has an average size smaller than the wavelength of the light source. The second dielectric layer has a bottom surface conformally attached to the top surface of the first dielectric layer. The invention also discloses an image sensor device having the anti-reflection structure.

Abstract: A coating composition for antireflection that includes a low refraction-thermosetting resin having a refractive index of 1.2 to 1.45, a high refraction-ultraviolet curable resin having a refractive index of 1.46 to 2, and an ultraviolet absorber; an antireflection film manufactured using the coating composition; and a method of manufacturing the antireflection film. The antireflection film has excellent abrasion resistance and antireflection characteristic. Further, since the antireflection film can be manufactured in one coating process, it is possible to reduce manufacturing cost.

Abstract: Disclosed are a color compensation multi-layered member for a display apparatus, an optical filter for a display apparatus having the same, and a display apparatus having the same. The color compensation multi-layered member for a display apparatus includes a thin layer having a thickness of about 780 nm or less and a first refractive index; a first thick layer having a greater thickness than the thin layer, being formed on a surface of the thin layer, and having a second refractive index; and a second thick layer having a greater thickness than the thin layer, being formed on another surface of the thin layer, and having a third refractive index.

Abstract: Multilayer-film reflective mirrors are disclosed. An exemplary such mirror has a base and a multilayer film formed on the base. The multilayer film includes multiple layer pairs. Each layer pair includes a respective first layer and a respective second layer, wherein the first and second layers are laminated together in an alternating manner. The multilayer film has first and second regions that reflect extreme ultraviolet light. A first group of layers is disposed in the first and second regions and has a first periodic length. A second group disposed in the first region has a second periodic length different from the first periodic length, and a third group disposed in the second region has a substantially same periodic length as the first periodic length.

Abstract: A thin film interference filter system includes a plurality of stacked films having a determined reflectance; a modeled monitor curve; and a topmost layer configured to exhibit a wavelength corresponding to one of the determined reflectance or the modeled monitor curve. The topmost layer is placed on the plurality of stacked films and can be a low-index film such as silica or a high index film such as niobia.

Abstract: The invention is directed to optical elements that are coated with dense homogeneous fluoride films and to a method of making such coated elements. The coatings materials are a high (“H”) refractive index fluoride material and a low (“L”) refractive index material that are co-evaporated to form a coating layer of a L-H coating material (a co-deposited coating of L and H materials). Lanthanide metal fluorides (for example, neodymium, lanthanum, dysprosium, yttrium and gadolinium, and combinations thereof) are preferred metal fluorides for use as the high refractive index materials with lanthanum fluoride (LaF3) and gadolinium fluoride (GdF3) being particularly preferred. Aluminum fluoride (AlF3) and alkaline earth metal fluorides (fluorides of calcium, magnesium, barium and strontium) are the preferred low refractive index materials, with magnesium fluoride (MgF2) being a preferred alkaline earth metal fluoride.

Abstract: There are provided an optically-functional film allowed to prevent peeling due to adhesion failure or deterioration due to moisture diffusion and a method of manufacturing the same, and a display allowed to prevent a decline in luminance and a color change depending on a viewing angle and a method of manufacturing the same. The optically-functional film includes: an intermediate layer, made of an insulating material including silicon, and having silicon-containing particles therein or on a top surface thereof; and an outermost layer made of the same material as that of the intermediate layer, whereas having a density higher than that of the intermediate layer, and having a bottom surface in contact with a top surface of the intermediate layer and a top surface with asperities.

Abstract: An optical window member includes a transparent synthetic resin plate having a surface with a protruding/recessed pattern of a predetermined fineness that causes light diffusion, and an optical thin film formed on the surface of the transparent synthetic resin plate with the protruding/recessed pattern. The optical thin film determines a component of light transmitted through the optical thin film and light reflected from the optical thin film.

Abstract: An optical article includes: an optical base; and a layer that is provided on the optical base and contains SiO2 as a main component, the layer being a silicon-nitride-containing silicon oxide layer containing SisOtNu (s>0, T?0, u>0).

Abstract: In one embodiment, a semi-transparent reflector may include a multilayered photonic structure. The multilayered photonic structure includes a plurality of coating layers of high index dielectric material and a plurality of coating layers of low index dielectric material. The plurality of coating layers of high index dielectric material and the plurality of coating layers of low index dielectric material of the multilayered photonic structure are arranged in an [LH . . . (LH)N . . . L] structure. L is one of the plurality of coating layers of low index dielectric material. H is one of the plurality of coating layers of high index dielectric material. N is a positive integer. The multilayered photonic structure has substantially constant reflectance values for wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation in a visible spectrum over a range of angles of incidence of the electromagnetic radiation.

Abstract: A primer layer is formed on a plastic lens substrate, a hard coat layer is formed on the primer layer using a coating composition comprising metal oxide fine particles, an organosilicon compound represented by the general formula R1SiX13, and a compound having a biphenyl sulfide compound, and an organic antireflective layer. In the plastic lens comprising a plastic lens substrate as obtained above, a plastic lens having excellent durability, impact resistance and mar resistance, and a method of producing the plastic lens are provided.

Abstract: An imaging system is provided. The imaging system includes a sample to be scanned by the imaging system. An absorbance modulation layer (AML) is positioned in close proximity to the sample and is physically separate from the sample. One or more sub-wavelength apertures are generated within the AML, whose size is determined by the material properties of the AML and the intensities of the illuminating wavelengths. A light source transmits an optical signal through the one or more sub-wavelength apertures generating optical near-fields that are collected for imaging.

Abstract: Antireflective films are described having a surface layer comprising a the reaction product of a polymerizable low refractive index composition comprising at least one fluorinated free-radically polymerizable material and surface modified inorganic nanoparticles. A high refractive index layer is coupled to the low refractive index layer. In one embodiment, the high refractive index layer comprises surface modified inorganic nanoparticles dispersed in a crosslinked organic material. The antireflective film is preferably durable, exhibiting a haze of less than 1.0% after 25 wipes with steel wool using a 3.2 cm mandrel and a mass of 1000 grams.

Abstract: A micro identification system supports facile optical assemblies and components. A segment of optical fiber can comprise an identifier formed via actinic radiation. The identifier can generate a laser interference pattern that can be read through a cylindrical surface of the optical fiber to determine a code. Modified optical fibers are those fibers that have been shaped or coated to an extent beyond the demands of normal communications optical fibers. In one example, modified fibers are no longer than about two feet in length. For another example, the modified fibers can have either a non-cylindrical end face, a non flat end face, an end face the plane of which is not perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the waveguide, an end face coated with high density filter, or an identifier on or near an end face.

Abstract: A process for producing a crystalline substrate with an optical multi-layer system thereon and the crystalline substrate obtainable thereby. The process comprises the successive application of at least two free-flowing compositions which comprise nanoscale inorganic solid particles comprising at least one of a polymerizable and a polycondensable organic group to a surface of the crystalline substrate and the polymerization and/or polycondensation of the organic groups of the solid particles to form organically crosslinked layers on the substrate and a single-stage thermal consolidation of these layers with a burnout of organic constituents thereof. The at least two compositions give rise to layers with different refractive indices.

Abstract: A laminate includes a high refractive index layer laminated on the base, made of a high refractive index material having an absolute refractive index more than 1.50, and having a thickness of 2 nm or more and 20 nm or less, a low refractive index layer laminated on the high refractive index layer, made of a low refractive index material having an absolute refractive index less than 1.50, and having a thickness of 10 nm or more and 100 nm or less, and a patterned electrode layer laminated on the low refractive index layer, made of a transparent conductive material, and having a surface resistance of 350?/? or less, the laminate having a total luminous transmittance stipulated by JIS K-7105 of 85% or more, and a difference of the total luminous transmittance due to presence/absence of the electrode layer being less than 2%.

Abstract: A coated article includes a temperable antireflection (AR) coating that utilizes medium and low index (index of refraction “n”) layers having compressive residual stress in the AR coating. In certain example embodiments, the coating may include the following layers from the glass substrate outwardly: silicon oxynitride (SiOxNy) medium index layer/high index layer/low index layer. In certain example embodiments, depending on the chemical and optical properties of the high index layer and the substrate, the medium and low index layers of the AR coating are selected to cause a net compressive residual stress and thus optimize the overall performance of the antireflection coating when the coated article is tempered and/or heat-treated.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention provide a class of mesophase separated ethylene/?-olefin block interpolymers with controlled block sequences. The ethylene/?-olefin interpolymers are characterized by an average block index, ABI, which is greater than zero and up to about 1.0 and a molecular weight distribution, Mw/Mn, greater than about 1.4. Preferably, the block index is from about 0.2 to about 1. In addition or alternatively, the block ethylene/?-olefin interpolymer is characterized by having at least one fraction obtained by Temperature Rising Elution Fractionation (‘TREF’), wherein the fraction has a block index greater than about 0.3 and up to about 1.0 and the ethylene/?-olefin interpolymer has a molecular weight distribution, Mw/Mn, greater than about 1.4.

Abstract: Optical constructions are disclosed. A disclosed optical construction includes first and second major surfaces (110,120) that face each other and are separated by an air gap (130). The first and second surfaces are susceptible to physically contact each other at a first location (x) in the air gap. The optical construction further includes an optical film (140) that is disposed at the first location to prevent the first and second major surfaces from contacting each other at the first location. The optical film has an effective index of refraction that is not greater than about 1.3.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a film having a high brightness and a natural metal-effect, and also having excellent formability, causing no delamination and maintaining the metal-effect after forming. Another object is to provide a molded body having less environmental burden, excellent in recycling efficiency and giving no electromagnetic interference. A laminated film including a structure where each 30 layers or more of a layer composed of a resin A (A layer) and a layer composed of a resin B (B layer) are alternately laminated, wherein a relative reflectance in a wavelength range of 400 nm to 1000 nm is 30% or more, tensile stresses at 100% elongation in a longitudinal direction and a width direction of the film are 3 MPa or more and 90 MPa or less in a tensile test at 150° C., and the number of layers with a layer-pair thickness of 10 nm or more and less than 220 nm is more than the number of layers with a layer-pair thickness of 220 nm or more and 320 nm or less.

Abstract: An article comprising a substrate and an anti-reflection coating, and methods for depositing the coating, are disclosed. The coating comprises (a) a first coating layer having a high refractive index deposited on the substrate; (b) an epoxide-silica coating layer deposited onto the high refractive index coating layer, comprising an inorganic silica component and an organic organo-silicate component, and (c) a silica coating layer consisting essentially of silica, deposited directly onto the epoxide-silica coating layer. The anti-reflection coating optionally comprises a stack of coating layers, between the first high refractive index coating layer and the epoxide-silica coating layer, having alternating a low refractive index and a high refractive index. Individual coating layer compositions, refractive indexes, and thicknesses are carefully controlled such that reflectance is minimized through destructive interference in the visible light wavelength range of 400 to 700 nm.

Abstract: By forming on a substrate a reference point mark having a concave or convex shape with its side walls being generally upright, even if a multilayer reflective film, an absorber film, and so on are formed over the reference point mark, sufficient contrast for inspection light is obtained so that the position of the reference point mark can be identified with high accuracy.

Abstract: Optical multi-layer thin film comprises: an outermost layer stacked above an optical surface of an optical substrate having a lower refractive index than the optical substrate; and at least a certain refractive index layer disposed between the optical substrate and the outermost layer, and having a refractive index adjustable in a predetermined range higher than that of the outermost layer. The outermost layer is formed by a wet film-formation method using: low-refractive-index fine particles made of a low-refractive-index material; and a first binder, and the certain refractive index layer is formed by a wet film-formation method using: high-refractive-index fine particles made of a high-refractive-index material; and a second binder which has a refractive index different from that of the high-refractive-index material.

Abstract: A multilayer reflective film coated substrate includes a multilayer under film comprised of Mo/Si alternately-layered films, an intermediate layer in the form of a Si film, and a multilayer reflective film comprised of Mo/Si alternately-layered films for reflecting exposure light. The multilayer under film, the intermediate layer, and the multilayer reflective film are formed on a substrate in this order. Given that a cycle length of the multilayer under film is d bottom (unit:nm), a thickness of the intermediate layer is d Si (unit:nm), and a cycle length of the multilayer reflective film is d top (unit:nm), relationships of a formula (1) and a formula (2) are satisfied, the formula (1) given by n×d top?0.05?d bottom?n×d top+0.05 where n is a natural number equal to or greater than 1, and the formula (2) given by m×d top?1.2?d Si??m×d top+1.2 where m is an integer equal to or greater than 0.

Abstract: A reflective coating is disclosed that has a base layer provided with a reflective surface for reflecting electromagnetic radiation, such as visible and solar near-infrared light. The reflective coating also has a dielectric layer formed on the reflective surface, and an absorber layer. The absorber layer is formed on the dielectric layer that is formed on the base layer. The reflective coating has an average reflectance greater than about 60% for wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation in the range of 800 to 2500 nm that is irradiated upon the reflective coating. Additionally, the reflective coating has an average reflectance for wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation in the range of 400 to 700 nm irradiated upon the reflecting coating that is less than the average reflectance of the reflective coating from 800 to 2500 nm.

Abstract: A microscope includes optics configured to direct beams onto an object including a reflective material, a detector configured to receive a field spectrum formed by beams reflected by the object, and a calculator configured to reconstruct an image of the object from the field spectrum detected by the detector.

Abstract: An optical element (14) transparent for radiation with a wavelength ? in the ultraviolet wavelength range below 250 nm, in particular at 193 nm, comprises a substrate (17) with a refractive index nS larger than 1.6, and an antireflection coating (16) formed on at least part of the surface of the substrate (17) between the substrate (17) and an ambient medium with a refractive index nA, preferably with nA=1.0. The antireflection coating (16) consists of a single layer of a material with a refractive index nL of about nL=?{square root over (nAnS)}, in particular nL>1.3, and the optical thickness dL of the single layer is about ?/4. The optical element (14) is preferably part of a projection objective (5) in a microlithography projection exposure apparatus (1) and located adjacent to a light-sensitive substrate (10).

Abstract: A light extraction film laminated to a glass substrate for organic light emitting diode (OLED) devices. The light extraction film includes a flexible substantially transparent film, a low index nanostructured layer applied to the film, and a high index planarizing backfill layer applied over the nanostructured layer. A glass substrate is laminated to the flexible substantially transparent film on a side opposite the nanostructured layer and including an ultra-low index region between the film and the glass substrate. The ultra-low index region is used to reduce optical losses occurring with the glass substrate.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are optical interference multilayer coatings having region provided by a physical vapor deposition process and region provided by a chemical vapor deposition process. Also disclosed herein are methods of making such coatings, as well as lamps comprising a light-transmissive envelope, at least a portion of the surface of the light-transmissive envelope being provided with the optical interference multilayer coating noted above. Such coatings, when used on lamps, may advantageously offer improved energy efficiencies for such lamps.

Abstract: The anti-reflection structure includes a graded refractive index layer that is disposed on a substrate and whose refractive index decreases as a distance from the substrate increases, and a homogeneous layer that is disposed on the graded refractive index layer and whose refractive index is homogeneous. The structure satisfies a condition of nb?na>0.10 where na represents the refractive index of the homogenous layer, and nb represents a homogenous layer side effective refractive index of the graded index refractive index layer.

Abstract: A photovoltaic solar cell having a multi-layer antireflective coating on an outer surface. The coating may include alternating layers of silicon dioxide and tantalum pentoxide and may have average front surface reflectance of less than five percent over the wavelength range from 300 nm to 1850 nm with the silicon dioxide having a refractive index less than 1.4 at a wavelength of 550 nm.

Abstract: This layered element, in particular for a photovoltaic device, includes a polymer layer, a moisture-sensitive layer, and a protective coating forming a moisture barrier inserted between the polymer layer and the moisture-sensitive layer. The protective coating includes an antireflection multilayer comprising at least two thin layers differing in refractive index from each other.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for making an optical article with anti-reflection properties, comprising the steps of: a) forming on at least one main surface of a support, by applying a sol comprising at least one colloidal mineral oxide with a refractive index higher than or equal to 1.80 having an initial porosity; b) optionally, forming on the first lower layer by applying a sol comprising at least one colloidal mineral oxide with a refractive index lower than 1.65 a second lower layer having an initial porosity at least equal to the initial porosity of said first layer; c) applying onto the one or more lower layer(s) an upper layer composition of an optically transparent polymer material with a refractive index lower than or equal to 1.

Abstract: An optical filter 13 is provided with a quartz plate 2 and a filter group 3. The filter group 3 is constituted by combining a first filter 33 having transmission characteristics in the visible region and one preset band of the infrared region that is contiguous with the visible region, and a second filter 35 and a third filter 36 each having transmission characteristics in the visible region and another preset band of the infrared region that is removed from the visible region and having blocking characteristics in a band between the visible region and the other band of the infrared region. In the second filter 35 and the third filter 36, each of the bands in which blocking characteristics are obtained is approximately 150 nm or less, and the bands in which blocking characteristics are obtained overlap.

Abstract: In a process for the fabrication of a radiation-absorbing optical element that contains a substrate (1) of plastic, a layer with a graduated refractive index (4) is fabricated on at least one surface (2) of the substrate (1) using a plasma etching process, after which a metal layer (7) is applied on top of the layer with a graduated refractive index (4).

Abstract: The present invention relates to multilayer optical films and birefringent copolyester films. The birefringent copolyester optical layer or birefringent copolyester film comprises a major amount of naphthalate units, ethylene units, and a minor amount of branched or cyclic C4 to C10 alkyl units. Also described are certain copolyester polymeric materials further comprising subunits of a phthalate ionomer such as dimethyl sulfosodium isophthtalate ionomer.

Abstract: An image screen includes a transparent substrate, a metal film, and an optical reflective stack layer. The metal film is disposed on a first surface of the transparent substrate, having a thickness and a set of material characteristic constants being predetermined. The optical reflective stack layer is disposed over the metal layer. The metal film and the optical reflective stack layer function together to selectively reflect a light with a portion of wavelength. In addition, according to the need, a diffusion micro-structure layer can be disposed on a second surface of the transparent substrate. Further for example, another reflective layer or optical absorbing layer can be further disposed on another surface of the optical reflective stack layer. The reflective layer can be, for example, a metal film.

Abstract: A black matrix formed on a substrate includes four layers formed by stacking a first film, a second film, a third film, and a fourth film in this order, each film being made of a transition metal oxide and a silicon oxide. A relationship of refractive index of the first film=refractive index of the third film<refractive index of the second film=refractive index of the fourth film is set, the fourth film is a multilayer film, with each layer being identical in composition to each other, and a boundary is recognized within the fourth film when seen on a TEM picture.

Abstract: A first adhesion layer and a second adhesion layer are formed on a base material formed of polyester biaxially stretched in this order from the side of the base material. Additionally, a hard coat layer and an antireflection layer are formed on the second adhesion layer to form a multilayer film. When refractive indices of the base material, the first adhesion layer, the second adhesion layer, and the hard coat layer are ?1, ?2, ?3, and ?4, respectively, the refractive indices are adjusted so as to satisfy the following formulae (1) to (3) to prevent rainbow unevenness. (?1/?4)1/2×0.95??2/?3?(?1/?4)1/2×1.05??(1) ?1<?4??(2) ?2<?3??(3) The two adhesion layers can enhance the adhesive strength with the base material.

Abstract: The invention is based on the object of providing UV interference filters having improved long-term stability. For this purpose, a method for producing a dielectric transmission interference filter is provided, in which an alternating layer system having the constituents magnesium fluoride, lead fluoride and antimony oxide is produced on a substrate by co-evaporation. After deposition, the substrate is subjected to heat treatment and irradiated with UV light in order to stabilize the layer system.

Abstract: An apparatus for creating a sub-wavelength image in the farfield. In an example embodiment, the apparatus includes a far-field superlens that is adapted to generate a sub-wavelength image or a sub-diffraction-limited image at a far field distance from a negative-index material included in the superlens. The example far-field superlens includes a positive-index material and an adjacent positive-index material. The negative-index material has an output aperture at a first surface. A second surface or interface is positioned at a far field distance from the negative-index material such that a cavity or gap is formed between the second surface and the first surface, wherein the second surface represents an imaging surface. The gap may be filled with a dielectric material or may include a vacuum or air.