Abstract: A method and apparatus for recovering leakage energy during DC power to AC power conversion. The apparatus comprises a leakage energy recovery circuit for storing leakage energy from a transformer and selectively coupling stored leakage energy to an input of the transformer.

Abstract: The apparatus for feeding electrical energy into a power grid (8) with a DC voltage converter (2) intended for connection to a DC voltage generator (1) and with an inverter (3) connected thereto and intended for connection to a power grid (8), wherein the inverter contains a bipolar voltage intermediate circuit with two capacitors (C1, C2) that are placed in series and are connected together at a ground terminal (E3) intended for connection to a terminal of the DC voltage generator (1). The DC voltage converter (2) comprises at least two diodes (D3, D4), one switch and one storage choke (16) which is charged by the DC voltage generator (1) when the switch is closed and is discharged via the capacitors (C1, C2) and the diodes (D3, D4) when the switch is open.

Abstract: A power inverter comprises a power module connected at least to a rotating electric machine, a gate drive circuit board which supplies switching power to the power module, and a rotating electric machine control circuit board which supplies a signal for controlling the waveform of the switching power to the gate drive circuit board. A noise reduction board is formed on a board different from the rotating electric machine control circuit board. The configuration of the noise reduction board is such that various signals for forming a signal for controlling the waveform of the switching power by means of the rotating electric machine control circuit board are inputted through the noise reduction board to the rotating electric machine control circuit board.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are provided for generating low EMI display driver power supply. The methods and apparatus include switching circuits that utilize two groups of parallel circuit traces, each of which is coupled to one end a switching device. The two groups of traces are configured to be interleaved with each other such that no two traces from either group are next to any other traces from the same group. When the switching device is activated, current flows through the circuit and charges an energy storage element. When the switching device is deactivated, the energy storage element discharges a portion of its energy to a second energy storage element and to the driver circuits. In another embodiment, and additional circuit trace is provided which is only connected on one end and is free floating on the other end to capture the majority of EMI remaining that was generated by the switching circuit.

Abstract: The power conversion apparatus uses the semiconductor device. Said semiconductor device includes a first group of power semiconductor elements at least one of which is electrically connected between a first potential and a third potential, a second group of power semiconductor elements at least one of which is electrically connected between a second potential and the third potential, and a third group of power semiconductor elements at least one of which is electrically connected between the first potential and the third potential. The second group is disposed between the first group and third group. Thereby, a low-loss semiconductor device having both inductance reducibility and heat generation balancing capability and also an electric power conversion apparatus using the same is provided.

Abstract: A universal input voltage device is presented which may receive a wide range of regulated and unregulated input voltages, both DC and a wide range of variable frequency AC, and output a desired regulated current at a desired voltage independent of the fluctuation of input voltage and frequency. The circuit includes a preconditioning input circuit, a Buck converter circuit with over voltage protection, flyback and boost circuits, and a shutdown circuit configured to drive a predetermined electrical or electronic device.

Abstract: An apparatus for producing a corona discharge and a method for producing a corona discharge is described. The apparatus comprises a voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) for producing an audio signal at an adjustable frequency. The VCO is controlled by a ramp generator, and the ramp generator causes the voltage controlled oscillator to continually adjust the frequency of the audio signal. The audio signal modulates a carrier signal produced by a pulse width modulated oscillator and the modulated carrier signal is provided to a coil assembly. The coil assembly is matched to the frequency of the carrier signal and produces a high voltage AC charge from the audio signal. A discharge pin discharges the high voltage AC charge in the form of an ionized corona from the coil assembly.

Abstract: On an inverter (1) for converting an electric direct voltage, in particular of a photovoltaic direct voltage source into an alternating voltage with a direct voltage input with two terminals (DC+, DC?) and one alternating voltage output with two terminals (AC1, AC2) and with one bridge circuit including semiconductor switching elements (S1-S6), said bridge circuit comprising one first bridge branch (Z1) including four switching elements (S1-S4) and one second bridge branch (Z2) including two additional switching elements (S5, S6) as well as a freewheeling circuit provided with additional diodes (D7, D8), the efficiency is further increased without high frequency interferences and capacitive leakage currents having the possibility to occur on the generator side.

Abstract: A transformer or inductor includes a core, a printed circuit board, a frame and a gapping plate. The core is positioned in a first plane A winding is located on top of a portion of the core. The frame is positioned in a second plane and the frame is located on top of the winding and has a hole. The gapping plate resides in the second plane and is disposed within the hole of the frame. The gapping plate has a smaller area than the hole of the frame and this creates a gap between the gapping plate and the frame. The magnetic flux generated during operation of the transformer or inductor radiates in a direction perpendicular to the first plane and the second plane.

Abstract: An auxiliary circuit for reducing low order current harmonics in a three-phase drive system driving a single-phase load, the three-phase drive system including a three-phase source voltage connected to a rectifier system connected to a DC link choke inductor connected to a three-phase current source inverter system.

Abstract: An insulating transformer includes a semiconductor substrate, an insulating substrate, a primary winding provided on one of the semiconductor substrate and the insulating substrate, a secondary winding provided on other of the semiconductor substrate and the insulating substrate, and an insulating spacer layer provided in between the semiconductor substrate and the insulating substrate for insulating and separating the primary winding and the secondary winding. The primary winding and the secondary winding are disposed to face each other. The insulating spacer layer maintains a constant interval between the semiconductor substrate and the insulating substrate.

Abstract: An insulated transformer, which can suppress aging deterioration and can reduce the influence of noise caused by external magnetic flux, while improving reliability and environmental resistance, and can send and receive signals while electrically insulating a low-voltage side and a high-voltage side. A secondary coil is formed on a semiconductor substrate, and a primary coil is formed on one face of a glass substrate. The primary coil fixes the glass substrate formed on one face onto the semiconductor substrate through the other face of the glass substrate by an adhesive layer.

Abstract: Systems and methods are disclosed for a DC boost converter. The systems and methods combine operation of an inductor with the input capacitor of a DC/AC inverter via a switch configuration to power the DC/AC inverter. The switch configuration is controlled by a plurality of control signals generated by a controller based on a variety of control modes, and feedback signals.

Abstract: An electromechanical power transfer system that converts direct current (DC) electrical power to variable mechanical power, comprises: a source of DC that has a neutral ground, a positive potential output with a level of electrical potential that is positive relative to the neutral ground and a negative potential output with a level of electrical potential that is negative relative to the neutral ground; a multiphase alternating current (AC) dynamoelectric machine with an even number of phases; and a neutral point clamped (NPC) inverter system that receives electrical power from the positive and negative potential outputs the DC source to generate multiphase AC power for the dynamoelectric machine with the same number of even phases that exhibits no common mode potential/noise.

Abstract: A boost converter for high power and high output voltage applications includes a low voltage controller integrated circuit and a high voltage, vertical, discrete field effect transistor, both of which are packed in a single package.

Abstract: A solid state reversing AC motor starter that employs a DC power source and a power bridge employing insulated gate bipolar transistors that provide an ungrounded three phase AC output. The AC output is connected to the power input of the motor starter, which requires simultaneous RUN and Directional Commands to initiate valve actuation.

Abstract: A method and apparatus to control a voltage conversion mode in a voltage converter are provided. The apparatus to control a voltage conversion mode includes: a voltage converter which converts an input voltage to an output voltage and having a plurality of voltage conversion modes; an input sensor which detects an input current value that is input to the voltage converter from a voltage source; an output sensor which detects an output current value that is output to a load from the voltage converter; and a controller which determines a power efficiency of the voltage converter based on the input and output current values and which switches between the voltage conversion modes of the voltage converter according to the detected power efficiency. Accordingly, an efficiency of voltage conversion is maximized, and a usage time of a mobile device can be lengthened.

Abstract: A power conversion portion (10) and a connection portion (20) converting power between a fuel cell (FC) and a battery (BAT) corresponding to dc power supply and a motor generator (MG) corresponding to an ac machine, are configured of a matrix converter. For a power flow pattern requiring that the dc power supply provide high voltage, a switch (SCd) in the connection portion (20) operates in response to a control signal received from a control device (30) to electrically connect a power supply line (LC) to a power supply line (Ld) to connect the fuel cell (FC) and the battery (BAT) in series.

Abstract: An object is to provide an integrated-inverter electric compressor that can enhance assembly and vibration resistance of power semiconductor switching devices and control substrates thereof constituting the inverter device. The integrated-inverter electric compressor, in which an inverter device is installed in an inverter container provided on an outer circumference of a housing, includes a plurality of IGBTs constituting the inverter device and a guide member having a plurality of guide holes for passing terminals of the IGBTs provided between the control substrate and the IGBTs. The guide member is provided with at least one first positioning pin, fitted in positioning holes provided in a mounting surface of the IGBT, in one side surface facing the IGBT, and at least one second positioning pin, fitted in positioning holes provided in the control substrate, in another side surface facing the control substrate.

Abstract: A power supply device for a vehicle is provided with: a battery serving as an electric storage device; a connection unit for receiving electric power provided from a power generation device for wind power generation, for example, and charging the electric storage device, the power generation device being provided outside the vehicle and exhibiting fluctuations in electric power generated thereby; and an electric power conversion unit which, during driving, operates as a load circuit and which, during charging for receiving electric power from the power generation device, senses fluctuations in voltage, and converts the electric power to obtain a current and a voltage suitable for charging the electric storage device. The electric power conversion unit includes a control device controlling first and second inverters such that electric power provided to first and second terminals is converted into direct-current electric power and provided to the electric storage device.

Abstract: A switched-mode power converter, including, between a first end of a main inductive element and a switch, a two-value inductive element automatically switching between its two values.

Abstract: A structurally robust power switching assembly, comprising a first rigid structural unit that defines a first unit major surface that is patterned to define a plurality of mutually electrically isolated, electrically conductive paths. Also, a similar, second rigid structural unit is spaced apart from the first unit major surface. Finally, a transistor is interposed between and electrically connected to the first unit major surface and the second unit major surface.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a power converter system includes a power device coupled between a first node and second node. The power device is operable to be turned on and off by a control signal. Current flows through the power device when the power device is turned on for delivering power to a load. A sensing circuit is coupled in parallel to the power device between the first node and the second node. The sensing circuit is operable to develop a signal indicative of the current flowing through the power device and is further operable to be turned on and off by the same control signal as for the power device. The sensing circuit turns on when the power device turns on and turns off when the power device turns off.

Abstract: There is provided a switching circuit (50) comprising: a transformer (TR1) including at least one winding (P1, S1, S2); a switching device (FET1) coupled between a source of power (60) and the transformer (TR), the switching device (FETI) being coupled to a driving circuits (100) for periodically driving the switching devices (FET1) into conduction to transfer power from the source (60) to the inductive component (TRi). The circuit (50) further includes: a first monitoring arrangement (115) for determining a measure of a magnetizing current present in the transformer (TR1); a second monitoring arrangement for deriving a measure of hard switching occurring in the switching devices (FETI); and a signal processing arrangement (140, 150, 160, 170, 175) for generating a measure of reflected power being transferred through the transformer (TRI) from the measure of the magnetizing current and the measure of hard switching.

Abstract: There are provided: a voltage division circuit (13) that performs voltage division of the voltage applied between the main electrodes of a non-latching switching element (11) having two main electrodes and a single control electrode at voltage division elements (14a) to (14c); a control current source (16) that injects current at the control electrode in accordance with the divided voltage of main voltage detection voltage division elements, of the voltage division elements (14a) to (14c) of the voltage division circuit (13) and a voltage division ratio control circuit (20) that adjusts the voltage division ratio of the main voltage detection voltage division elements (14b), (14c) of the voltage division circuit (13) in accordance with a control signal for controlling the switching element (11).

Abstract: A power supply device includes two input ports, two output ports, a transformer having primary and secondary windings, a switch device, and a controller. The switch device includes a switching element connected in series with the primary winding, and a capacitor. The controller switches the switching element to energize the transformer and charge the capacitor. When an AC power failure such as instantaneous interruption occurs, energy stored in the capacitor is discharged to flow through the primary winding. Accordingly, the transformer is energized to maintain generating an output power from the power supply device for a certain time period. The capacitor is provided on a primary side of the transformer, generally higher voltage side, in the power supply device, so that a smaller capacitance of the capacitor can be used.

Abstract: A DC power conversion circuit having self-auxiliary power and self-protection against a short or open load circuit includes a DC voltage source, a driving circuit, and an auxiliary circuit. The DC voltage source is used for providing a DC power. The driving circuit includes a switch, a first resistor, a control signal generator, a second resistor, a diode and an inductor. The switch is used for conducting or cutting off an electrical connection according to an incoming control signal. The control signal generator senses voltage of the first resistor to generate the control signal. The inductor is coupled between the first resistor and a load circuit. The auxiliary circuit is parallel to the inductor and includes an auxiliary capacitor and an auxiliary diode. The auxiliary capacitor is coupled between the first resistor and the second resistor. The auxiliary diode is coupled between the inductor and the auxiliary capacitor.

Abstract: A DC power conversion circuit with constant current output includes a DC voltage source, a driving circuit and a control signal generator. The DC voltage source is used for providing DC power. The driving circuit includes a switch, a resistor, a diode, and an inductor. The switch has three ends, one used for receiving a control signal. Furthermore, the switch is used for conducting or cutting off a coupling between the other two ends according to the control signal. The resistor is coupled between the switch and a first grounding end. The diode has a first end and a second end coupled to a second grounding end. The inductor has a first end coupled to the first grounding end, and a second end coupled to a load circuit. The control signal generator generates the control signal for the second end of the switch according to a current of the resistor.

Abstract: A charge pumping circuit includes a first switch for controlling one of push and pull operations in accordance with a first control signal; a current mirror circuit constructed from transistors each having a different polarity from the first switch; a second switch for controlling current input to the current mirror circuit in accordance with a second control signal, the second switch being constructed from a transistor having the same characteristic as a transistor used for constructing the first switch; a first MOS capacitor one end of which is connected to an input side of the current mirror circuit; a second MOS capacitor receiving, at one end thereof, a current concerned with the push and pull operations; and a voltage buffer connected to the first and second MOS capacitors. The other of the push and pull operations is performed with an output current of the current mirror circuit.

Abstract: A method in a frequency converter provided with a voltage intermediate circuit in connection with interference in a network (5) to be supplied and a frequency converter (2), which comprises a network converter part (4) and an inverter part (3) and a DC intermediate circuit (7) between them. The method comprises steps of controlling the intermediate circuit voltage at the beginning of network interference by limiting the torque on the inverter side, detecting interference in the network voltage, setting a torque reference to a predetermined value in response to the network interference, detecting network voltage recovery, and controlling the torque reference to a normal value in response to the network voltage recovery.

Abstract: When a switch (20) that is in series with the inductive load (10) is turned on, the rise behavior of the current (I) is first of all detected until a nominal value (Iref) is reached, and a pulse duty factor (Te/Ta) of a pulse width modulator device (30) is determined from said rise behavior. Immediately after the nominal value (Iref) of the current (I) has been reached, the switch (20) is driven in a conventional manner by the pulse width modulator device (30), using the pulse duty factor (Te/Ta) that has been determined, in order to finely adjust the pulse duty factor (Te/Ta). The invention largely avoids overshoots during control and the adjustment time is thus considerably shorter than in conventional drive circuits.

Abstract: A power factor correction apparatus with an embedded direct-current to direct-current (DC-DC) converter is provided. The apparatus includes a power factor controller, a high-voltage adapter and a low-voltage adapter. The power factor controller, which receives an AC power source, includes a transformer. The secondary side of the transformer includes a first sub-coil and a second sub-coil for outputting a first power source and a second power source respectively. The high-voltage adapter converts the first power source into a high DC power source. The low-voltage adapter converts the second power source into a first DC power source. The power factor controller corrects the power factor of the power factor correction apparatus according to the first DC power source.

Abstract: A system is provided for sensing a motor current from a three phase inverter. A first resistor is coupled between a first transistor of the inverter and a supply voltage, and a second resistor is coupled between a second transistor of the inverter and ground. Circuitry coupled to the first and second resistors generates an upper and lower current. When the first transistor is active, the upper current is proportional to the sum of a reference voltage and a voltage across the first resistor, and the lower current is proportional to the reference voltage. When the second transistor is active, the upper current is proportional to the reference voltage, and the lower current is proportional to the sum of the reference voltage and a voltage across the second resistor. Based on the difference of the lower and upper currents, the circuitry provides an output current proportional to the motor current.

Abstract: A piezoelectric ceramic light starter, which includes a power switch, a piezoelectric transformer, and a frequency tracking unit, is disclosed. The power switch connected to a pulse width modulated (PWM) harmonic signal output terminal closes when the PWM harmonic signal is in its positive period, and opens when which signal is in negative period. The piezoelectric transformer has the input terminal of its first-level coil connected to the power switch. The output terminal of the first-level coil generates a high-frequency AC signal to drive a cold cathode fluorescent light (CCFL). The frequency tracking unit is coupled to the output terminal of the CCFL. When the light starter starts, a first frequency is obtained when the CCFL is lighted and a second frequency is obtained when the CCFL is turned off. The PWM harmonic signal uses the average of the first frequency and the second frequency as the basis for output.

Abstract: A synchronous bi-directional active power conditioning system (11) suitable for wide variable frequency systems or active loads such as adjustable speed drives which require variable voltage variable frequency power management systems is disclosed. Common power electronics building blocks (100, 200) (both hardware and software modular blocks) are presented which can be used for AC-DC, DC-AC individually or cascaded together for AC-DC-AC power conversion suitable for variable voltage and/or wide variable frequency power management systems. A common control software building block (2, 5) includes a digital control strategy/algorithm and digital phase lock loop method and apparatus which are developed and implemented in a digital environment to provide gating patterns for the switching elements (3, 6) of the common power-pass modular power electronics building blocks (100, 200).

Abstract: A positive side conductor and a negative side conductor of an input terminal electrically connected to semiconductor elements, are electrically insulated from each other, and are laminated with each other, and the input terminal having such a laminated structure, an output terminal and substrates mounted thereon the semiconductor elements are arranged in a checkered pattern in a container. Further, the semiconductor elements mounted on the substrates, the input terminal and the output terminal are electrically connected to one another so as to obtain a loop-like electric path on a conductive member, thereby it is possible to aim at miniaturizing the power conversion apparatus and lowering the inductance thereof.

Abstract: A power conversion apparatus, such as an uninterruptible power supply (UPS), includes an input port, an output port, and first and second busses. An output circuit, for example, a half-leg inverter, is coupled to the first and second busses and to the output port and operative to transfer power therebetween. An auxiliary DC voltage generator circuit, for example, a battery converter circuit, is operative to generate DC voltages on the first and second busses. A multifunction rectifier circuit is coupled to the input port and to the first and second busses, the multifunction rectifier circuit operative to generate DC voltages on the first and second busses from an AC power source at the input port when the apparatus is operating in a first mode (e.g., an AC powered operational mode). The multifunction rectifier circuit is operative to control relative magnitudes of the DC voltages generated by the auxiliary DC voltage generator circuit when the apparatus is operating in a second mode (e.g.

Abstract: A power converter includes at least one capacitor and at least two semiconductor power switches. Each capacitor includes a pair of connectors for connecting the capacitor to the at least two semiconductor power switches. Moreover, each capacitor includes at least one other pair of connectors in order to connect the capacitor to at least two semiconductor power switches or a direct current network.

Abstract: A low loss multiple output stage of a boost converter includes a first output transistor having a first on-resistance, a second output transistor having a second on-resistance, a sink transistor, and a gate logic module. The sink transistor is operably coupled to allow energy to be provided to a first output via the first output transistor or to allow the energy to be provided to a second output via the gate logic module and the second output transistor based on a regulation signal. The gate logic module is operably coupled to, when the energy is to be provided to the first output, couple a gate and a well of the second output transistor to the first output; when the sink transistor is active, couple the gate and the well of the second output transistor to the second output, and when the energy is to be provided to the second output, couple the gate of the second transistor to ground and the well of the second output transistor to the second output.

Abstract: A circuit for lowering the effective voltage drop of a semi-conductor diode. The circuit includes a first Metal Oxide Semi-conductor (MOS) device connected in parallel with the diode. A bias voltage which is close to but lower than the threshold voltage is applied to the MOS device. When a forward voltage is applied to the diode, this voltage is added to the source to drain voltage of the MOS device which turns it on. The MOS device then bypasses the diode to effectively overcome the inherent forward voltage drop of the diode. The circuit is advantageously applied to a rectifier circuit to reduce input voltage requirements and improve the efficiency of the rectifier.

Abstract: In a method for controlling bi-directional switches in power converters, with separate control signals for both current directions, preferably 3×3 matrix converters, a switching process from a base main state, into a secondary main state, and vice versa, occurs after a voltage controlled two-step process or a voltage controlled four-step process, without additional operational current-conducting components. After a first step, all uni-directional switches, apart from those at the interface of reference main state and target main state, are switched off and after a second step, all target main state switches are switched on. The switching processes can thus be carried out, at any time, by an appropriate choice of interval beginning and interval end, whereby a free-wheeling arm for both current directions permanently exists, the only requirement being the creation of a current interval for each phase in multi-phase systems. The method is applicable with practically all supply current frequencies.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to an active converter system for a permanent magnetic turbogenerator. A system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention includes a DC voltage link and a first active converter including a connection for inputting or outputting a three-phase AC voltage to or from, respectively, an AC voltage source, another connection for inputting or outputting a DC voltage from or to said DC voltage link, and at least six selectively switchable first IGBTs, wherein selective switching of the first IGBTs results in a boosted DC voltage. The system further includes a second active converter including a connection for inputting or outputting a three-phase AC voltage to or from, respectively, a permanent magnetic generator, another connection for inputting or outputting a DC voltage to or from said DC voltage link, and at least six selectively switchable second IGBTs, wherein the second active converter is capable of boosting said DC voltage.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for controlling power supplied to a motor comprising a power controller having a source of electrical power for providing the necessary power to operate the apparatus, an oscillator for generating gating signals at a relatively higher frequency than the electrical power supplied, circuitry responsive to the gating signals for gating the low frequency electrical power to generate a DC voltage, and an inhibitor for inhibiting the generating of gating signals by the oscillator to regulate the DC voltage generated so as to control the speed of any motor connected to the apparatus. The apparatus may be setup to inhibit the oscillator when certain circuit conditions such as an over current condition is detected. The apparatus may also be setup to keep the oscillator in an OFF state once inhibited until a specified amplitude or period of the input signal has been reached.

Abstract: The invention concerns a signal generator comprising at least a reference signal generator consisting of a logic computer (10), at least a chopping switch (50, 51), at least a sensor (70) for sampling at least a signal generated in response to said switching of said at least one switch (50, 51), at least a comparator (30) for delivering a value based on the difference between said at least one sampled signal and said at least one reference signal, and means for controlling (10) said at least one switch (50, 51) designed to deliver on said at least one switch (50, 51) one or several control level(s) which is/are based on the result(s) of said comparison.

Abstract: A circuit device is provided for driving an AC electric load, of the type inserted between a terminal of an AC power supply line and a terminal of the electric load to be driven and including a generator of PWM signals to be transferred to the load. This circuit is an AC/AC converter adapted to power supply the load from any level of the power supply line sinusoid and comprising first and second voltage driven switches, the first switch to power supply the load and the second switch to enable loop-back of the current. The switches always operate in a complementary manner, i.e., when the first switch is on, the other is off, and vice versa.

Abstract: A DC-to-DC switching power converter includes switching elements having capacitive gate control inputs, an energy storage element and driver circuitry. Improved efficiency is achieved using adiabatic buffers to drive MOSFET switching elements with stepped switching signals. Substantially equal rise and fall times are achieved. In one embodiment, the switching power converter is fabricated on a semiconductor die to generate an output voltage to one or more functional unit blocks on the die.

Abstract: A semiconductor device comprising at least one power device, at least one control element for controlling the power device(s), a plurality of first terminals connected to the power device(s), a plurality of second terminals connected to the control element(s), a support member having a heat sink disposed on a lower surface of the support member and the power device(s), control element(s), and first and second terminals arranged on the upper surface of the support member, and a package including the support member for sealing the devices and one end of the terminals such that first and second terminals protrude from different sides of the package. The arrangement allows a reduced size three-phase motor drive controller, a reduction in noise interference to the control element, and reduction in terminal pitch size.

Abstract: Presented is a single-stage power converter topology allowing for power factor correction during operation. The topology utilizes an integration of Ćuk converter and single-ended primary inductance converter (SEPIC) topologies to provide AC-to-AC, AC-to-DC, DC-to-AC, and AC/DC-to-AC operation. Shared use of the Ćuk converter's output inductor by the SEPIC-type circuit elements provides continuous output current, typically unknown to a SEPIC converter. Application of the single-stage power converter topologies may be had in a line conditioner circuit, a battery charger circuit, and as an uninterruptible power supply (UPS).

Abstract: In a method for controlling bi-directional switches in power converters, with separate control signals for both current directions, preferably 3×3 matrix converters, a switching process from a base main state, into a secondary main state, and vice versa, occurs after a voltage controlled two-step process or a voltage controlled four-step process, without additional operational current-conducting components. After a first step, all uni-directional switches, apart from those at the interface of reference main state and target main state, are switched off and after a second step, all target main state switches are switched on. The switching processes can thus be carried out, at any time, by an appropriate choice of interval beginning and interval end, whereby a free-wheeling arm for both current directions permanently exists, the only requirement being the creation of a current interval for each phase in multi-phase systems. The method is applicable with practically all supply current frequencies.

Abstract: A power wiring structure realizes low inductance and is applicable to a semiconductor device. The power wiring structure employs two switching elements that are connected in series and are complementarily turned on and off. Ends of the switching elements are connected to power lines extending from a power source. A node between the switching elements is connected to an output line U that is connected to load. The power lines are a high-potential power line P and a low-potential power line N. The lines P, N, and U are each a wide electrode with the width thereof greater than the thickness thereof. The electrodes are layered one upon another in a thickness direction in order of P, U, and N to form a three-layer wide electrode structure. A current of the same value as and oppositely oriented from a current flowing through the output line U flows through the power line P or N, to cancel magnetic fields generated by the currents, thereby effectively reducing wiring inductance.