Abstract: Method and apparatus for continuously tempering a fat-containing, chocolate-like mass. The mass is subjected to a cooling creating crystals in the mass as it passes over crystal creating cooling surfaces, and a final reheating (H). For any raise or drop in the cooling medium temperature or flow, the temperature of the crystal creating cooling surfaces is controlled to be lower than, or equal to a predetermined, maximum temperature value, which creates crystals in the mass.

Abstract: An apparatus for continuously tempering chocolate masses and the like includes at least one tempering circuit (17) for a tempering medium and a plurality of chambers (9), at least one of the chambers (9) being connected to the tempering circuit (17). The chamber (9) includes an entrance (15) for the tempering medium being arranged at the periphery of the chamber (9) and an exit (16) for the tempering medium being arranged at the periphery of the chamber (9). At least one first separating wall (29, 29') is arranged inside the chamber (9), and at least one second separating wall (30, 30') is arranged inside the chamber (9). The first and second separating walls (29, 29'; 30, 30') are arranged in the form of at least two spirals defining a spiral-like canal (32) therebetween for the flow of the tempering medium from the entrance (15) toward the exit (16). The separating walls (29, 29'; 30, 30') each extend from an outside region of the chamber (9) toward an inside region of the chamber (9).

Abstract: A heated kettle for melting and mixing a thermoplastic resin into a homogeneous mixture has a helically-formed agitator which rotates about a central shaft in close proximity to the internal wall of the kettle. Fixed to the shaft at approximately the center of the kettle is a cluster of radially extending paddles. The paddles and agitator have opposite pitch when the agitator and paddles are rotated, the resin circulates along the wall of the kettle and thence through a central region of the kettle. The circulation action serves to thoroughly melt and mix the resin into a homogeneous liquid mass.

Abstract: A new tuck pointing apparatus for applying cement to joints between bricks. The inventive device includes a cement reservoir for receiving a quantity of cement. The reservoir has an interior, a closed top end, and an open bottom end that forms a bottom opening into the interior of the reservoir. A mixer portion has open upper and lower ends, an interior, a toothed flywheel that is disposed in the interior of the mixer portion, and a mixing shaft that is coupled to the toothed flywheel. The open upper end of the mixer portion is releasably coupled to the bottom end of the reservoir. The mixing shaft mixes cement in the interior of the mixer portion. A motor portion rotates the toothed flywheel thereby rotating the mixing shaft. A first air tube is in communication with a supply of air pressure and is also in communication with the interior of the mixer portion.

Abstract: The invention concerns an apparatus having a cylindrical tempering column comprising a cooling stage and a subsequent reheating stage for continuous tempering of a fat-containing, chocolate-like mass. A plurality of interconnected mass chambers are separated by intermediary heat exchange chambers. The mass chambers comprise mixing and stirring elements (8) with radially extending, plate shaped arms (11) comprising plate shaped mixing blades (13, 14, 15, 16; 17, 18, 19, 20). According to the invention, an opening (24) for flow of the chocolate mass therethrough is arranged in the plate shaped arm (11) at a part of the arm located between the inner mixing blade (13; 17) and the hub. Hereby is provided an axial flow of the mass close to the drive shaft, so that nests and zones of no stirring in the mass are avoided around the shaft, especially where the plate shaped arm is connected with the hub.

Abstract: An agitator includes a trough having a first end, a second end, a top, a bottom, an inlet on the top and close to the second end, and an outlet on the bottom and close to the first end, an axle rotatably mounted between the first and second ends of the trough and enclosed with an inner spiral vane, the inner spiral vane being fixedly mounted on the axle and gradually decreased in outer diameter, the inner spiral vane being provided with an edge close to the first end of the trough, and an outer spiral vane enclosing the inner spiral vane and fixedly mounted on the inner spiral vane, the outer spiral vane being opposite to the inner spiral vane in spiral direction, whereby the agitator can be stir a mixture thoroughly and rapidly.

Abstract: In order to reduce the noise made by a foam flotation separator working on the dispersion apparatus principle and maximise the air supply, the foam flotation separator is designed so as to comprise a dispersion pump (2) which draws in water and a gas such as air and/or ozone, a reaction chamber connected on the delivery side, a collector (5) on the upper end of the reaction chamber (4) and an expanded section (15) at the lower, outlet end of the reaction chamber (4).

Abstract: An apparatus enabling reaction and post-reaction processing in a single assembly including a reaction chamber and a filtration and/or drying chamber adjacent to one another, the chambers being selectively isolated or in communication. A shaft common to both chambers is capable of rotation and axial movement. An agitator arm is fitted to the shaft in the reaction chamber while a smoothing and pressing arm is fitted to the shaft in the filtration and/or drying chamber. The chambers may be formed in a single cylindrical vessel with an intermediate cross wall providing isolation between the chambers. A U-shaped conduit extends between the chambers and by-passes the cross wall to enable communication between the chambers. The conduit may incorporate a valve/pump to facilitate transfer between the chambers. The shaft is journalled through the cross wall and has a bellows apparatus to protect the bearing from the respective chambers.

Abstract: A system for transportation of sludge material comprising an elongated tank having an arcuate bottom portion extending longitudinally of the tank and having a withdrawal port located in the arcuate bottom portion of the tank. An elongated conveyor system is disposed in the tank and comprises inner and outer auger flights mounted in the tank an axle extending longitudinally of the tank. The auger flights transcend only a minor cross sectional area of the tank and are configured to have opposing pitch slopes. The outer auger flight provides a positive pitch angle in the direction of the withdrawal port to displace sludge material toward the withdrawal port. The compound conveyor system embodies inner and outer auger flights as described previously in which at least the outer auger flight is in the form of a ribbon which is spaced axially from the axle on which it is supported and is wrapped around the axle in a manner in which the inner diameter of the ribbon flight is spaced radially from the axle.

Abstract: A device is disclosed for improved coating of small solid particles with a melt of a material which solidifies at room temperature. The device includes a rotatable turbine body having two rotatable disk parts. An annular gap is provided between the rotatable disk parts which allows the melt to emerge to coat the solid particles in an annular space. The two rotatable disk parts are connected by a fine-pitch thread which allows the size of the annular gap to be adjusted by rotating one of the disks relative to the other. Rotation of one of the disks is performed from the exterior of the device by an adjusting pin which eliminates the need to dismantle the device to adjust the flow of the coating material.

Abstract: Mixing material around an inner agitator in a mixing vessel is urged upward and outward by rotating the inner agitator in one direction. Simultaneously, mixing material around or adjacent an outer agitator is urged downward and inward by rotating the outer agitator in the opposite direction. Consequently, the mixing materials urged upward and downward are caused to be circulated by convection in the mixing vessel and the mixing materials urged outward and inward are caused to collide between the inner and outer agitator, thus forming a high-pressure region between the inner and outer agitator. The mixing materials are mashed in the high-pressure region and well mixed in a short time at high efficiency without being agglutinated to the inner agitator.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for the continuous countercurrent treatment of roast and ground coffee particles in which a bed of the coffee particles is suspended in an aqueous liquid and the suspended bed is agitated in a manner which facilitates removal of evolved coffee gases from the bed to thereby effect complete, uniform wetting and/or extraction of the coffee grounds. The apparatus comprises a tank in which water flows upward from the bottom and is removed from the top of the tank, with fresh coffee grounds being fed onto the liquid at the top of the tank. Two pairs of interleaved blade assemblies are mounted in the tank for relatively counter rotation to submerge coffee particles into the aqueous liquid and form a bed of suspended coffee particles. A submerging auger, mounted on a central shaft in the tank, facilitates submerging the coffee grounds in the liquid.

Abstract: Apparatus to mashing and to dehydrate food product includes a base portion, a housing, a roler and a mixer driven by driving means. During operating the dehydrator, the roller will rotate to produce a centrifuging force which forces water preserved in the food product to be expelled. The mixer will rotate with the roller too which mashes the food product. An air inlet guides hot air into the roller to dry the mashed food product for preservation purpose.

Abstract: A portable hand-held concrete, mortar and gypsum mixer comprises a small gasoline powered implement having a drive shaft extending generally downward from the handles to a gear box. A transverse shaft driven by the drive shaft extends to either side of the gear box. Mounted on the transverse shaft are a plurality of blades shaped to thoroughly agitate and mix a combination of water and the ingredients for concrete, mortar, gypsum or similar heavy, hard to mix materials. Surrounding the blades are thin rings attached to the blades to form a round circumferential surface about the blades and thereby prevent the blades from directly contacting the mixing trough or other means of containing the mix. In the alternative, the plurality of blades may be shaped at their peripheries to form substantially continuous circular circumferences.

Abstract: A mixing apparatus including a vertical cylindrical mixing tank; a rotating shaft vertically installed at the center of the interior of the vertical cylindrical mixing tank; and a plurality of paddle impellers attached at upper and lower stages on the rotating shaft, one of the paddle impellers at the lower stage being disposed close to the bottom of the mixing tank, and each paddle impeller positioned at the upper stage being arranged at crossing angles of less than 90.degree. ahead of the adjacent lower paddle impeller.

Abstract: Spiral-shaped screw blades disposed one on another on the bottom of a mixing container are rotated at a high speed for agitating pulverulent materials including aggregate and water to form a mixture. A rapid current of the mixture of the pulverulent materials and water is brought about by the rotating screw blades and causes the aggregate in the mixture to serve as a mixing agitator like milling balls used in a ball mill, to thereby effectively break up lumps of the pulverulent material which are immiscible with water and which are inevitably formed by initially mixing the pulverulent material with water.

Abstract: Materials of varying viscosity can be homogeneously mixed continuously by using an in-line dynamic mixer which rapidly moves the materials interchangeably from a dynamic inner rotating means to a stationary chamber wall with additional mixing provided by stationary posts and perforated bulkheads.

Abstract: An agitator designed to continuously move powdered material into flights of a metering auger using vanes at various radii within a hopper. The agitator includes three vertically oriented stirring blades located at various radii of the hopper, the blades having differing lengths of extension into a lower portion of the supply hopper. Preferably, the blades are angled at substantially a 75.degree. angle relative to a plane normal to a longitudinal axis of rotation.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a preferred application for the treatment of stored, waste or filtered water by the transfer of an oxidizing gas into this water. In this case, it has the functions of a turbojet with mass transfer. The installation is constituted by a vessel comprising two concentric parallel chambers communicating with each other at least by their ends,and the central chamber is provided, firstly, at least with two turbines arranged in stages, the rotational axis of which is the same as the axis of symmetry of the installation and, secondly, structures forming counter-blades placed in an alternating position with the turbines.

Abstract: A preferred embodiment is directed to an apparatus for transporting fluids having a high viscosity and complimenting dry products. The apparatus includes first and second fluid storage compartments for storing separately fluids therein. The apparatus further includes a dry freight storage area. The second fluid storage compartment is positioned intermediate the first fluid storage compartment and the dry freight storage area. Agitators are disposed in each of the first and second fluid storage compartments to agitate fluid stored therein for facilitating the dispensing process. First and second positive displacement gear pumps are operably associated with the first and second fluid storage compartments. More specifically, either the first or second positive displacement gear pumps can selectively pump fluid from both the first and second fluid storage compartments.

Abstract: An improved mixing apparatus for mixing a liquid and a particulate solid material within a container such that the pigments and/or other solid particulate materials, which are initially precipitated out and usually accumulated at the bottom of the container, are rapidly and thoroughly mixed and dispersed throughout the liquid in a uniform manner such that substantially all of the particulate material is dispersed within the liquid. In one embodiment, a flow pattern in the form of an inverted vortex rising from the bottom center of the container is created by a rotating frusto-conically shaped impeller to pull the particulate material away from the bottom of the container. In another embodiment, the apparatus includes a cover mechanism, which is made to function integrally with the mixing apparatus, and which covers the container during the mixing operation to prevent the escape of fumes or spray.

Abstract: The driving shaft (3) of a pump impeller (4) is extended beyond the impeller and supports the mixer (5) at its end. In order to minimize the risk for extensive damage if the mixer should hit a solid body, the shaft (6) of the mixer is very slim and manufactured of an elastic material such as spring steel.

Abstract: The invention features a mixing device comprising a rotatable impeller having a multiplicity of blades. Each blade of the impeller has an optimal angle of attack with respect to the fluid being mixed.An elliptical, fluid flow-through aperture in each blade provides for an improved flow stream about the impeller blades. The impeller is mountable upon a rotatable shaft which can be rotatively driven by a household drill.

Abstract: A chilling system is provided for chilling or cooling a supply of water or the like to a selected low temperature suitable for drinking and other uses. The chilling system includes a thermoelectric heat transfer module having a cold side for extracting heat energy from water contained in a reservoir, and a hot side for transferring the extracted heat energy to a circulating heat transfer fluid. In particular, the hot side of the module is in thermal communication with a manifold block through which a heat transfer fluid such as water is circulated by a pump. The pump circulates the heat transfer fluid through a heat exchanger for dissipating the extracted heat energy. In addition, the same pump drives an impeller within the reservoir to maintain the reservoir contents at a substantially uniform temperature level, and further may drive a cooling fan for providing a convective air flow across the heat exchanger.

Abstract: A flail chain unloader for discharging particulate material from a lower output of an upright storage vessel includes a rotating shaft extending upwardly of the central portion of the vessel above the outlet and flail chains secured to the shaft at different levels thereon to rotate with the shaft and loosen the particulate materials in the vessel to flow downwardly for discharge through the lower outlet. One or more upper flail chains are secured adjacent an upper level portion of the shaft and have outer ends movable in a generally circular path closely adjacent the inside wall surface of the vessel for loosening the material adjacent the vessel wall. At least one set of intermediate flail chains of a relatively short length is provided at spaced apart lower levels below the upper flail chains in order to dig out the material in the central portion of the vessel around the shaft.

Abstract: The apparatus is for the mixing and refining of rubber-like materials, either hot or cold feed, and some thermoplastic materials. It comprises an elongated cylindrical barrel member and an elongated rotor member, disposed coaxially in the interior of said barrel member. The rotor member is provided with a concentric bore, at its downstream end in which a stationary screw-like member is coaxially disposed. Means are provided for relative rotational movement of the rotor member, to the barrel member and to the stationary screw-like member in the treating and axial advancement of the process material. With such a construction, the barrel, rotor and screw-like members have a feed end, a forcing zone, a mixing and refining zone, a stationary screw-like member and discharge end, interposed between the ends of the apparatus. The rotor member of the forcing zone is provided with extrusion grooves or groove, capable of warming, pressurizing and transporting the process material to the mixing and refining zone.

Abstract: A two stage blender is capable of handling high viscosity liquid-powder mixtures. The mixture discharged from the first stage is directed to the second stage, from which it is discharged at a relatively high discharge pressure. The second stage further enhances the natural vacuum created within the first stage, so that powder is fed at a constant ratio for a wide variety of liquid flows. Selected internal parts of the blender are designed to permit cleaning the blender in place.

Abstract: A blending apparatus has a rotor provided with louvers and mixing teeth. The louvers have openings which vary in size and act to convey materials being cut and blended through the disc. The mixing teeth extend from peripheral edges of the rotor. Adjacent teeth vary in angular extension from the edges and in direction of extension from the edges. One or more rotors may be mounted on one or more shafts to meet diverse mixing needs.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method and molding screw for injection molding. The molding screw has a fixed inner screw mounted within a rotatable and reciprocally movable outer screw. The outer screw is continuously rotated throughout the injection cycle to (1) counter the back flow of melt material around the screw, (2) subject the melt material surrounding the inner screw to a vigorous mixing action, (3) add additional thrust to inject the melt material into the mold, and (4) return the outer screw to its initial starting position. A rod-type electrical heater is internally positioned in the fixed screw to maintain the temperature throughout the melt material surrounding the inner screw at a substantially constant value which is substantially equal to the barrel temperature.

Abstract: A coffee grinder-mixer assembly and method for alternatively producing high yield coffee and regular yield coffee comprising a grinding head, an elongated mixer box, a first elongated shaft mounting auger means and supported for rotation in the mixer box, second elongated shaft concentric with the first shaft for rotation relative to the first shaft, a plurality of paddles mounted on the second shaft, and means for alternatively co-rotating and counter-rotating the first shaft and the second shaft, relative to the other, thereby alternatively to produce high yield and regular yield coffees.

Abstract: A feed mixing apparatus includes a tank, and bottom and upright augers. The tank has a top wall, front and rear end walls, side walls and a bottom wall. The bottom auger is rotatably mounted and overlies the bottom wall. Tubular housing portions are disposed adjacent to opposite sides of the bottom auger at an intermediate location therealong, and are connected to and protrude from the exteriors of the side and bottom walls. One housing portion has a horizontal bottom end wall connected to and extending generally tangentially from the tank bottom wall. The upright augers are disposed at the intermediate location adjacent to opposite sides of the bottom auger and extend within and upwardly from the tubular housing portions. One upright auger is rotatably mounted to the top wall and the housing portion bottom end wall. Hydraulic motors are provided for driving the bottom and upright augers. One hydraulic motor is disposed on the exterior of housing portion bottom end wall and coupled to the one upright auger.

Abstract: Apparatus for the mixing and cooling of hot, particulate matter, such as hot, retorted oil shale, comprises a plurality of enclosed, vertically spaced apart, converging vessels through which the material to be mixed and cooled is flowed. At least the lowermost vessel is configured for a packed bed flow of the material and has mounted therein, on a vertical drive shaft, a mixer blade assembly having a plurality of similar mixing blades which are upwardly inclined at an angle, A.sub.1, of between about 30.degree. and about 75.degree. and preferably within about .+-.15.degree. of the sidewall angle of the vessels. The blades are mounted so as to have an angle of attack, A.sub.2, relative to the rotational direction of travel, of between about 20.degree. and about 60.degree.. A constant angle of attack along each mixing blade is assured by making the angle, A.sub.3, between the blade leading edge and the blade base to be related to the blade inclination and attack angles in accordance with the relationship:A.sub.

Abstract: A machine for making bricks and paving blocks, including a turntable having four moulds; a drive unit for rotating the turntable between work stations; a mixing chamber for raw materials; a hopper to receive mixed raw materials and to deliver them to each mould in turn; a hydraulic press to compress materials in a filled mould; and a ram for ejecting the resulting masonry product from the mould.

Abstract: The invention relates to a mixer having a mixing vessel composed of two vessel parts and which can be pivoted through 180.degree. about a horizontal axis. The stirrer shaft is coaxial with the axis about which the vessel is pivoted and the drive motor of the stirrer is stationary. Such a mixer is distinguished by a simple and light transport facility for the product to be mixed, the use of the same mixer for different products, simple cleaning of the second vessel part, and a good mixing effect.

Abstract: A device for mixing, milling or kneading feed materials, such as plastics and fillers, including a pair of spaced apart upper and lower discs defining therebetween a mixing zone. Each disc has an operating surface and is adapted so that by rotation of one of the discs, a relative motion between the two operating surfaces may be maintained. A collecting ring with a groove extending along the inner surface thereof is provided around the periphery of the mixing zone to define an annular passage which is in fluid communication with the mixing zone and which is open at one end and closed at the other end. By rotation of one of the discs, the mixed product is collected in the passage, displaced therethrough and discharged from the open end portion or scraped off at the closed portion for recovery.

Abstract: Plasticating extruders in which increased melting effectiveness is attained through multiple stages including at least one inner screw conveyor within an outer screw conveyor in a barrel for receiving unmelted solid material from the channel of the outer screw conveyor and conveying the received unmelted solid material in the channel of the inner conveyor in a direction parallel to and axially coextensive with the direction of travel of the material in the channel of the outer screw conveyor and melting the received unmelted solid material to bring melted material to a downstream location where the melted material from both channels merges to deliver a flow of fully melted material to a downstream discharge outlet. A vent may be located in the barrel in the vicinity where material enters the channel of the inner screw conveyor for improved venting as a result of the diversion of material away from the vent.

Abstract: An apparatus is disclosed for optimizing a method of producing a foam or expanded thermoplastic material, the material usually being mixed with a propellant. The apparatus comprises a filter unit which is disposed between and connects, a fusing and homogenizing extrusion device and a dynamic cooling device. The material is fed into the apparatus at one end of the extrusion device and passes sequentially through the extrusion device, the filter unit and the cooling device. Separate drive means are provided for the fusing and homogenizing extrusion device and the cooling device respectively. Both the extrusion device and the cooling device are disposed on a common longitudinal axis. The connections of the two devices to the filter unit is effected by means of flange mountings. The filter units also includes interchangeable filters which are traversed by the material. In the filter unit, the material flows through a conduit which flares conically outwardly from the filter to the inlet of the cooling device.

Abstract: Apparatus for dispersing particulate material in a liquid, for example, particulate coal and agglomerating oil in water, comprising an upwardly extending, cylindrical container for the flow of the coal, oil and water upwardly therethrough passed a lower, flat blade type turbine rotor, an intermediate knife blade type turbine rotor and an upper pitched blade type turbine rotor. An annular shaped portion is around the intermediate rotor and houses the intermediate rotor in a cylindrical duct, longitudinally extending baffles extend upwardly along the container inner surface and are spaced therefrom. The lower rotor causes radially outward flow of the coal-water-oil mixture, the intermediate rotor causes fine break down and homogenization of the coal-water-oil mixture, while the pitched blade type turbine rotor causes reverse flow of the homogenized coal-water-oil mixture producing seed agglomerates of carbonaceous coal particles and oil leaving any ash particles dispersed in the water.

Abstract: A device for mixing, milling or kneading feed materials, such as plastics and fillers, including a pair of plate members, preferably upper and lower discs, each having a non-flat operating surface and being adapted so that, by movement, preferably rotation, of one or both, a relative motion between the two operating surfaces may be maintained, and grooves provided in both of the operating surfaces and arranged so that the grooves of one operating surface may cross the grooves of the other operating surface upon the relative motion between the two operating surfaces.

Abstract: Apparatus for counter-current contact of at least partially immiscible fluids having different densities, which apparatus comprises a vertical vessel enclosing a plurality of superposed stirred compartments separated from one another by perforated separating walls. To increase the hold-up of dispersed fluid phase in the compartments, part of the perforations in the walls are provided with deflecting elements preventing flow of dispersed fluid through said perforations while substantially not hampering the flow of fluid being in the continuous phase.

Abstract: A fluid diffuser for dispersing a gas or liquid into a body of receiving liquid in which it is immersed. The diffuser includes a rotatable shaft, a thin disk-like member mounted for rotation on the shaft, and an annular ring positioned adjacent the outer perimeter of the disk-like member. At least one of the top and bottom walls of the annular ring is porous. These top and bottom walls define a fluid plenum, into which gas or liquid under pressure is introduced to be emitted from the plenum as small, nascent fluid spheroids on the surface of the annular ring. The boundary layer flow from rotation of the disk-like member within the body of receiving liquid shears fine gas bubbles or liquid particles from the foraminous surface or surfaces of the annular ring. The annular ring may be fixed, or rotatable in the opposite annular direction from the rotation of the disk. Impeller blades may be mounted on the top and/or bottom surfaces of the rotatable disk.

Abstract: An improved process for dewaxing waxy hydrocarbon oils, wherein said waxy oil is introduced at a temperature above its cloud point into a direct chilling zone divided into a plurality of stages, passing said waxy oil from stage-to-stage of said chilling zone, introducing a cold dewaxing solvent into at least a portion of said stages, maintaining a high degree of agitation in at least a portion of the stages containing solvent and waxy oil, thereby effecting substantially instantaneous mixing thereof while cooling said solvent-waxy oil mixture, preferably at a rate of from about 1.degree. to 8.degree. F./min.

Abstract: The device for making frozen confections such as ice cream comprises a double-walled cylindrical vessel having an upper open end and a closed bottom and consisting of a thin aluminum inner vessel member and a thin aluminum outer vessel member with the upper ends thereof hermetically sealingly curled together, the space between the inner and the outer vessel member being filled with a cold keeping agent, an outer receptacle for receiving and supporting the vessel therein with a clearance or heat insulating material provided therebetween, a cover member adapted to engage at its periphery with a ring attached to the upper edge of the double-walled vessel and/or the outer receptacle, and a stirring means extending into the interior of the vessel through a bearing hole formed at the center of the cover member.

Abstract: A high intensity conditioning mill for conditioning aqueous pulp containing particles of clay and mineral impurities preparatory to subjecting the pulp to froth flotation comprising a conditioning vessel for containing the body of aqueous pulp, a plurality of generally horizontal baffles mounted within said vessel and dividing the interior thereof into a plurality of chambers, each baffle being formed with a central, circular hole, inlet means for feeding aqueous pulp to the lowermost chamber, outlet means for removing conditioned aqueous pulp from the space above the uppermost baffle, a rotatable, generally vertical drive shaft centrally positioned to rotate in said vessel and extending generally concentrically through each hole in each baffle and a plurality of impellers mounted on said shaft and generally positioned within a hole of the horizontal baffle, the impellers being of a size relative to said holes sufficient to provide passageways for the aqueous pulp from each chamber to each adjacent chamber wh

Abstract: A plasticating extruder screw conveyor includes multiple primary flights and corresponding multiple secondary flights defining multiple channels on the screw conveyor arranged about the longitudinal axis of the screw conveyor such that radial components of forces between the screw conveyor and unplasticated material located in the channels are substantially balanced so as to reduce to a minimum any resultant radial force upon the screw conveyor and any concomitant lateral deflection of the screw conveyor, thereby reducing or eliminating excessive vibration, wear or galling of the screw conveyor.

Abstract: A plate-type dryer or like heat-treatment apparatus has a plurality of annular horizontal plates upon which material is treated while a shaft surrounded by these plates carries a plurality of generally radial arms from which scraper blades are suspended. According to the invention, each blade is carried by a hanger which is pivotally mounted on the arm and reaches rearwardly to support the blade, another pivot providing a further degree of freedom ensuring full line contact of the lower edge of the blade with the plate.

Abstract: Disclosed is a continuous bulk polymerization reactor comprising a cylindrical reaction vessel elongated in the direction of the reacting fluid and a shaft installed within the reaction vessel. A plurality of flow of double helical-ribbon agitators are attached to the shaft in such a way that they face in the same direction, and a plurality of baffles having a relative open area of 5 to 40% based on the cross-sectional area of the internal space of the reaction vessel, are disposed between any adjacent ones of the agitators. Thus the formation of stagnant fluid pockets is avoided and excellent piston flow properties are achieved.

Abstract: A centrifugal reaction chamber for enhancing the chemical reaction between two or more reactants, one of which is solid particulate material and another of which is a liquid in which the particulate matter is dispersed. The chamber normally is formed by a cylindrical tub having a drive shaft for rotating divider means secured to the shaft and forming one or more radial dividers extending between the shaft and cylindrical wall of the tub. Each divider includes two panels spaced apart and converging in a radial direction away from the shaft. One panel urges the particulate material from the center toward the wall of the tub. The particulate material then is directed back toward the center by the second panel.

Abstract: In a kneading machine including a fixed support structure, a kneading trough supported centrally for rotation about a vertical axis by the fixed support structure, and a rotary kneading tool located within the kneading trough, the kneading tool is rotatable about a substantially horizontal axis. The machine is also provided with fixed counter-members which cooperate with the kneading tool.

Abstract: Apparatus is disclosed, for mechanically agitating, in a non-reciprocating manner, a permalloy composition used in an electroplating procedure, in such a way as to apply a film of improved uniformity of composition and thickness thus avoiding limitations of prior electroplating processes which, due to uneven boundary layer flow patterns caused by reciprocating agitation, result in non-uniformities in film composition and thickness.