Abstract: A lens of a plug converts a light signal from an optical fiber cable to light of a predetermined divergence angle in order to emit the light. A plug housing fixes the optical fiber cable and the lens. The lens is positioned such that the light signal from the optical fiber cable becomes the light of the predetermined divergence angle at an emission surface side of the optical fiber cable. The light signal emitted from the plug becomes dispersed when entering into the eyeball of a nearby person, and therefore can be prevented from exerting adverse effect on visual function and the like.

Abstract: Techniques and mechanisms for providing a bridge between integrated circuit (IC) chips. In an embodiment, the bridge device comprises a semiconductor substrate having disposed thereon contacts to couple the bridge device to two IC chips. Circuit structures and photonic structures of a bridge link are integrated with the substrate. The structures include an optical waveguide coupled between an electrical-to-optical signal conversion mechanism and an optical-to-electrical conversion mechanism. The bridge device converts signaling from an electrical domain to an optical domain and back to an electrical domain. In another embodiment, optical signals received via different respective contacts of an IC chip are converted by the bridge device, where the optical signals are multiplexed with each other and variously propagated with the same optical waveguide.

Abstract: A two-part optical coupling subassembly includes a main lens formed with a cavity, the main lens including two surfaces formed in the cavity and oppositely inclined at an off-vertical angle from a central vertical plane of the cavity such that the two surfaces are symmetric with respect to the central vertical plane; a beam router embedded in the cavity, the beam router including first and second beam router surfaces lying on the two surfaces of the main lens respectively, and a partially reflective coating on at least one of the beam router surfaces; and a transparent adhesive provided between the two lens surfaces and the first and second beam router surfaces.

Abstract: An optical connector comprises a housing, a regulating portion which is protrudes toward an inner surface of the housing, a ferrule which is secured to an optical fiber and which is accommodated inside the housing so as to be movable. The ferrule includes a base portion and a thinned portion that has a thickness smaller than that of the base portion. If the ferrule moves forward in the butt-connection direction, the regulating portion and the base portion approach each other, so that the regulating portion regulates the movement of the ferrule in the thickness direction. If the ferrule moves backward in the butt-connection direction, the ferrule reaches a position where the thinned portion faces the regulating portion, so that the movement of the ferrule in the thickness direction is not regulated by the regulating portion.

Abstract: A unitary fiber optic ferrule reflects light off an interior lens and through the fiber optic ferrule. Optical fibers can be easily secured in the unitary fiber optic ferrule. An adapter to secure the unitary fiber optic ferrule to a optical component assembly is also presented. The adapter provides a sealing function for the lenses and to provide routing for optical fibers from other assemblies of unitary fiber optic ferrules and adapters.

Abstract: An integrally formed coupling module is provided. In the module, a total internal reflective surface reflects a first optical signal emitted by a laser to form a second optical signal, the second optical signal is output to the medium air interface, a medium air interface refracts the second optical signal to form a third optical signal, the third optical signal is output from air to the air medium interface, an air medium interface refracts the third optical signal to form a fourth optical signal, and then the fourth optical signal is output to an optical fiber. In addition, a refractive angle at which the medium air interface performs refraction to form the third optical signal is equal to an incidence angle at which the third optical signal is output to the air medium interface, and a first incident surface and a second incident surface are mutually perpendicular in space.

Abstract: An integrated lens with integrated functional optical surfaces for use in optical communication is disclosed. The integrated lens includes first and second cavities and a fiber adapter. The device also includes integrated first and second lenses. The first cavity houses one or more optical transmitting and/or receiving devices. The second cavity has a first optical surface and an optional second optical surface. The fiber adapter has the second lens. The integrated lens enables a small size, a light weight, high coupling and a high transmission efficiency, and can be produced by injection molding using a single mold. The integrated lens is applicable to optical signal coupling, fiber connections, optical modules, and optical or optoelectronic communication.

Abstract: The invention relates to a module that can be inserted into a housing of an industrial plug-in connector (5), into which module (1) at least one optical fiber connector (2) can be inserted and at least one adapter (3) can be inserted into the module (1), which adapter is connected to the optical fiber connector (2), wherein the adapter (3) contains an optical imaging element (11). In the plugged-in condition, the optical elements (11, 11?), for example the ball lenses proposed above, of two modules (1) are aligned with each other in such a way that the light signal exiting from the optical element (11) of the module of the first industrial plug-in connector (5) is coupled into the optical element (11?) of the module (1?) of the second industrial plug-in connector (5?).

Abstract: An optical waveguide module includes an optical waveguide sheet including multiple optical waveguides, and a light-emitting device and a light-receiving device each positioned over a surface of the optical waveguide sheet. At least one of the optical waveguides includes a first mirror, a second mirror, and a slit. The first mirror is configured to reflect light entering the corresponding optical waveguide from its first end to the light-receiving device or to reflect light emitted from the light-emitting device toward the first end of the corresponding optical waveguide. The second mirror is configured to reflect light entering the corresponding optical waveguide from its second end toward the surface of the optical waveguide sheet. The slit is provided between the second mirror and the second end of the corresponding optical waveguide. The corresponding optical waveguide is discontinuous across the slit.

Abstract: An integrated lens with integrated functional optical surfaces for use in optical communication is disclosed. The integrated lens includes first and second cavities and a fiber adapter. The device also includes integrated first and second lenses. The first cavity houses one or more optical transmitting and/or receiving devices. The second cavity has a first optical surface and an optional second optical surface. The fiber adapter has the second lens. The integrated lens enables a small size, a light weight, high coupling and a high transmission efficiency, and can be produced by injection molding using a single mold. The integrated lens is applicable to optical signal coupling, fiber connections, optical modules, and optical or optoelectronic communication.

Abstract: In a microscope having a plurality of optical units each including a filter block between an objective and a tube lens, the optical unit closest to the objective among the plurality of optical units includes a first filter block provided with an optical filter having a first effective diameter. The optical unit closest to the tube lens among the plurality of optical units includes a second filter block provided with an optical filter having a second effective diameter larger than the first effective diameter.

Abstract: An apparatus for coupling a laser and an optical fiber and an optical signal transmission system and transmission method where the coupling apparatus is disposed between a laser and an optical fiber, where the coupling apparatus includes an optical signal transmission part whose inner refractive index changes gradually, where a refractive index becomes higher at a position closer to a principal axis of the optical signal transmission part; and the optical signal transmission part may be configured to shape an optical signal incident from the laser (including optical signal convergence or divergence), so that a mode field radius of the adjusted optical signal matches a core radius of the optical fiber, and the adjusted optical signal can be coupled into the optical fiber in high efficiency.

Abstract: A wavelength division multiplexing device with reduced signal loss and lower cost includes a casing, focusing lenses, and light splitters. The casing has walls defining slots. The focusing lenses are in an array. The light splitter includes prisms and filters. Each filter has opposite ends, ends being received in slot of the second sidewall and slot of the fourth sidewall. The prisms are positioned at the bottom plate and correspond to the focusing lenses. Each prism has an inner inclined surface facing the corresponding filter and signal light is selectively refracted and directed, to extract light of a particular wavelength and allow the through transmission of unextracted light towards subsequent light splitters.

Abstract: An optical-fiber assembly, optical coupling device and optical-fiber coupling device provided with optical-fiber assembly. In the optical-fiber assembly, damaging a fixing material is prevented by preventing clad mode light from being incident on the fixing material and direct incidence, on the fixing material; of laser light emitted from a light-emitting element or an optical-fiber is prevented to generate resistance to the emitted light. The optical-fiber assembly constitutes by at least an optical-fiber and capillary. The optical-fiber is inserted into the capillary and one optical-fiber end is protruded outside the capillary. The optical-fiber outer periphery and capillary are fixed using fixing material and ceramic material disposed to be in contact with the entire optical-fiber outer circumference and have predetermined contact length in the optical-fiber axial direction.

Abstract: Embodiments herein include an optical system, an optical component, and an associated method of passive alignment in which complementary magnetic patterns are used to provide passive alignment between optical elements. The magnetic coupling between the magnetic patterns operates to align optical elements in at least two dimensions. The magnetic coupling provides a temporary holding force on the optical elements until the optical elements are secured using epoxy or other adhesive.

Abstract: An optical coupler for coupling an optical fiber to a photonic integrated circuit (PIC) is presented. The optical coupler comprises a first curved mirror included in a first substrate layer of the PIC and at a first predefined lateral distance from an optical transceiver associated with the PIC; a second curved mirror included in a second substrate layer and placed at a second predefined lateral distance from the optical fiber; and a spacer located between the first substrate layer and the second substrate layer.

Abstract: In an example embodiment, an N-channel WDM OSA includes active optical devices coupled to a carrier, an optical block, and a MUX or a DEMUX. The optical block may be positioned above the active optical devices and coupled to the carrier. The optical block may include a bottom with lenses formed in the bottom that are aligned with the active optical devices; a first side that extends up from the bottom; a second side that extends up from the bottom and is opposite the first side; a port that extends forward from the bottom and the first and second sides; and an optical block cavity defined by the bottom and the first and second sides that extends rearward from the port. The MUX or DEMUX may be positioned in the optical block cavity in an optical path between the port of the optical block and the active optical devices.

Abstract: Exemplary apparatus for method for forming at least one spectral encoding endoscopy configuration. For example, it is possible to modify a spacer configuration and an lens optics configuration to have respective predetermined lengths, and also to modify a dispersive optics configuration to have a further predetermined length. Further, the modified spacer and modified lens optics configurations can be attached to one another to form a combined spacer-lens optics configuration. The modified dispersive optics configuration can be attached to a substrate to form to form a grating substrate configuration. Additionally, the combined spacer-lens optics configuration can be connected to an optical fiber, and the modified attached dispersed optics configuration can be connected to the modified attached lens optics configuration to form the spectral encoding endoscopy configuration(s) which can extends along a particular axis.

Abstract: An optical coupling efficiency detection assembly includes a first housing accommodating a beam splitter and a fiber port, a second housing accommodating a ferrule enclosing a monitoring fiber, and an attachment block attaching the first housing to the second housing to establish a parfocal arrangement among the beam splitter, the fiber port, and the ferrule. Further, an assembly method for the optical coupling efficiency detection assembly is disclosed. The assembly method may include providing a beam splitter and a fiber port in a first housing, providing a ferrule enclosing a monitoring fiber in a second housing, and attaching the second housing to the first housing via an attachment block to establish a parfocal arrangement among the beam splitter, the fiber port, and the ferrule.

Abstract: An optical package for providing efficient coupling between a distributed feedback laser diode (DFB-LD) and a silicon photonic integrated-circuit chip (Si PIC) edge couplers with low return loss, as well as variations thereof, is described. The optical package may include a DFB-LD, a Si PIC, a single mode fiber or fiber array assembly, a lens and a spacer. The Si PIC may include an input edge coupler and an output edge coupler. The single mode fiber or fiber array assembly may be aligned to the output edge coupler. The lens may be disposed between the DFB-LD and the input edge coupler, and may be configured to minimize a mismatch between an output spot size of the DFB-LD and a spot size of the input edge coupler of the Si PIC. The spacer may be bonded to a facet of the input edge coupler with an index matching fluid.

Abstract: An N×N parallel optical transceiver includes a printed circuit board, a laser driving control chip, one or more lasers, two GRIN lenses, an optical band-pass filter, a multimode fiber array and a photodiode array. In the transmitter, laser beams of the same wavelength simultaneously output from the laser chip are first focused by the first GRIN lens, then the beams pass through a wavelength band-pass filter and are refocused by the second GRIN lens, and enter the channels in the multimode fiber array. In the receiver, laser beams of a different wavelength from the multimode fiber array are focused by the second GRIN lens, then reflected by the band-pass filter, refocused by the second GRIN lens, and received by the photodiode array. The multi-channel parallel transceiver has a small form, and can integrate a DFB or FP laser chip and GRIN lenses.

Abstract: A system may include a first light source configured to generate a first beam of light at a first wavelength; a second light source configured to generate a second beam of light at a second wavelength; a third light source configured to generate a third beam of light at a third wavelength; and a fourth light source configured to generate a fourth beam of light at a fourth wavelength. The system may also include a thin-film filter, a first polarization beam splitter (PBS), a wave plate and a second PBS. The thin-film filter, the first PBS, the wave plate, and the second PBS may be configured to combine the first beam, the second beam, the third beam and the fourth beam into a combined beam of light.

Abstract: Optical connectors are provided for connecting sets of optical waveguides (110), such as optical fiber ribbons to each other, to printed circuit boards, or to backplanes. The provided connectors include a waveguide alignment member (105) for receiving and aligning a plurality of optical waveguides (110) such that central light rays of light exiting the plurality of optical waveguides propagate along a same incident direction (115) in a same incident plane XY. The optical connectors also include a light redirecting side that comprises a plurality of segments (130) forming a row of segments (130a, 130b, . . . ), each segment corresponding to a different optical waveguide. A first segment (130a) redirects light along a first redirected direction (140a) and a second segment (130b) redirects light along a second redirected direction (140b) different from the first redirected direction. Other segments redirect light to either a first redirected direction or a second redirected direction.

Abstract: Provided is a lens array in which a plurality of convex lenses bidimensionally regularly-arranged along a predetermined reference face. The plurality of convex lenses is arranged so as to be inclined variedly mutually among the plurality of convex lenses around a vertex of a convex face of a reference posture as a rotation axis with respect to the reference posture mutually common to the plurality of convex lenses.

Abstract: A lens having an extended range of focus is made of a transparent material and has two optical surfaces. The lens defines an optical axis and a focal power distribution (Ftot) which, in relation to a plane perpendicular to the optical axis, changes as a function of the radial height (r) and of the azimuth angle (phi) of the aperture between a calculated basic value of the focal power (Flens) not equal to zero and a maximum value Fspiral max(r, phi).

Abstract: A single-channel or multiple-channel connector for collimated optical fibers. A female part body of connector includes a receiving cavity with a guide bush and a lensed socket. The lensed socket includes an optical fiber contained in a ferrule and held in a tubular casing guided and fitted in the guide bush. The optical fiber is held axially in the guide bush in the free position flush with the front face of the female part by a spring acting axially on the lensed socket, thereby permitting the lens can be cleaned easily. A male part of the connector includes a lensed pin with an optical fiber contained in a ferrule held in a tubular casing. The lensed pin is flush with the front face of the male part.

Abstract: Devices and methods for optical-fiber processing for connector applications are disclosed, wherein the devices and methods utilize a quantum cascade laser operated under select processing parameters to carry out end face polishing. The method includes supporting the optical fiber in a ferrule so that a bare end section of the fiber protrudes from an end of the ferrule by a protrusion distance. The method then includes irradiating the end face with light from the quantum cascade laser to polish the end face. The quantum cascade laser can also be used to form a bump in a central portion of the end face, wherein the bump facilitates physical contact between respective end faces of connected optical fibers.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing an optical connector includes mounting a lens member to which a lens is formed to another optical connector by inserting a guide pin provided on the another connector into a hole of the lens member, mounting a ferrule body to the lens member by inserting the guide pin into a hole of the ferrule body, and bonding the lens member and the ferrule body in a state where the guide pin is accommodated in the hole of the lens member and the hole of the ferrule body.

Abstract: To provide an optical probe for OCT and a method of manufacturing the optical probe that can reduce reflected light generated at a boundary portion between an optical fiber and a lensed fiber. An optical probe for OCT includes an optical fiber that transmits irradiation light and back-scattered light and a lensed fiber that is fusion spliced to an end face of the optical fiber, that emits irradiation light toward the inside of a living body while collimating the irradiation light, and that collects and guides back-scattered light to the end face of the optical fiber. A refractive index adjusting material is added to the lensed fiber, and the refractive index adjusting material is diffused in an end part of the optical fiber.

Abstract: A waveguide that includes a first cladding layer, the first cladding layer having an index of refraction, n3; a gradient index layer positioned adjacent the first cladding layer; an assist layer positioned adjacent the gradient index layer, the assist layer having an index of refraction, n2; a core layer positioned adjacent the assist layer, the core layer having an index of refraction, n1; and a second cladding layer, the second cladding layer having an index of refraction, n4, wherein n1 is greater than n2, n3, and n4; and n2 is greater than n3 and n4.

Abstract: An optical module providing a semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA), and a process to assembly the optical module are disclosed. The optical module provides front and rear coupling units each optically coupled with the SOA and fixed to the housing enclosing the SOA. The housing has a slim wall fixing a lens holder soldered to the slim wall. The front and/or rear coupling unit is fixed to the lens holder by YAG laser welding after the active alignment by using a spontaneous emission of the SOA, and amplified emission of externally provided test beam.

Abstract: The invention relates to a spectrometer arrangement comprising successively in the light propagation direction: —a converging optical unit (3), designed for focusing and orienting the incident light onto an entrance slit (4), and —an imaging system disposed downstream of the entrance slit (4) and having at least one dispersive element, designed for imaging a dispersion spectrum of the incident light beam (2) onto a spatially resolving detection device. According to the invention, in a spectrometer arrangement of this type —the entrance slit (4) is embodied in a reflective fashion, and —at least the converging optical unit (3), the entrance slit (4) and an imaging grating (5, 13) are combined in a module (1), wherein they are integrated as components in a monolithic main body (6), or are embodied as optically active forms or structures on a monolithic main body (6).

Abstract: For achieving an expanded observation range without sacrificing resolution, a scanning optical system according to the present invention includes a scanner that deflects laser light from a light source while changing a deflection angle of the laser light; a polarization beam splitter that is capable of splitting-off the laser light from an optical path of the laser light deflected by the scanner; a polarization beam splitter that is disposed between the light source and the scanner and that causes the laser light split-off by the polarization beam splitter to travel toward the scanner; and a first relay optical system that has 1× relay magnifying power and that is disposed between the polarization beam splitter and the polarization beam splitter.

Abstract: A hand held dental instrument for curing light-curable compounds including a housing with a handle portion and a barrel portion configured for being manipulated for positioning a tip end of the barrel portion proximate to a curing site. A plurality of solid state, light-emitting elements are mounted in a collective array to collectively form a beam of light. The array of elements is operable for collectively emitting a beam of light having wavelengths within a band of wavelengths and at a power to cure a dental compound. The array of elements is positioned proximate to the tip end of the barrel portion and the emitted light beam from the array illuminating a curing site. A radiation focusing device is positioned proximate the array of elements at the tip end of the barrel portion to focus the beam of light before it illuminates the curing site.

Abstract: An expanded-beam connector comprising a sleeve for holding at least one fiber and one lens body, the sleeve having an interior surface having a certain geometry, a fiber having a fiber end face, and a lens body, the lens body being formed with a first face and a second face, the first and second faces being substantially planar, the first face having an interface point for optically coupling with the fiber end face, the second face having a convex surface, the interface point and the convex surface being optically coupled through the lens body, the lens body having an outer periphery at least a portion of which has the certain geometry such that the lens body is held in a precise radial position relative to the sleeve when disposed in the sleeve.

Abstract: Fiber optic module assemblies and optical-electrical connectors incorporating the same are disclosed. The fiber optic module assembly generally includes a total-internal-reflection (“TIR”) module having TIR body including a TIR surface to direct light to active optical components. The TIR body is coupled to a lens module including a lens body having a plurality of lens surfaces. A plurality of optical fibers may be secured within fiber support features of the TIR body that aligns ends of the optical fibers to the lenses defined by the lens body. Alignment features and index-matching adhesive may be used to couple the TIR body to the lens body. Optical-electrical connectors employing such two-piece fiber optic module assemblies are also disclosed, as well as kits of parts for providing optical communication of light between an active optical component and an optical fiber.

Abstract: Methods of forming a total-internal-reflection (TIR) optical fiber lens are disclosed. The methods include heating an end of an optical fiber with a defocused infrared laser beam to form a bulbous tip having a curved outer surface that defines a lens surface. The bulbous tip is laser cleaved to define a TIR facet. Light traveling in the fiber diverges at an effective fiber end and is reflected by the TIR facet through the lens surface to form an image at an image plane.

Abstract: A structure for optically aligning an optical fiber to a photonic device and method of fabrication of same. The structure optically aligns an optical fiber to the photonic device using a lens between the two which is moveable by actuator heads. The lens is moveable by respective motive sources associated with the actuator heads.

Abstract: An optical rotating data transmission device for polarization-maintaining transmission of linearly polarized light includes at least one first collimator for coupling on first light-waveguides, and also a second collimator for coupling on second light-waveguides, the second collimator being supported to be rotatable relative to the first collimator about a rotation axis. At least two ?/4 plates for converting linear polarization to circular polarization and vice-versa are provided in between a plate for attaching optical fibers and a micro lens system.

Abstract: An apparatus comprises a first array of angled ferrules and a second array of angled ferrules, a plurality of angled fibers, wherein first ends of the plurality of angled fibers are held in the first array of angled ferrules and second ends of the plurality of angled fibers are held in the second array of angled ferrules, a first array of non-angled ferrules and a second array of non-angled ferrules, a first plurality of non-angled fibers held in the first array of non-angled ferrules, a second plurality of non-angled fibers held in the second array of non-angled ferrules, wherein the first array of angled ferrules is aligned and connected with the first array of non-angled ferrules and the second array of angled ferrules is aligned and connected with the second array of non-angled ferrules.

Abstract: A heat-assisted magnetic recording (HAMR) write apparatus is coupled with a laser that provides energy. The HAMR write apparatus includes a pole, at least one coil, a waveguide, a near-field transducer (NFT) and at least one antireflective mechanism. The pole writes to a region of the media and includes a media-facing surface. The coil(s) energize the pole. The waveguide is optically coupled with the laser and includes a core and cladding. The waveguide is for directing a portion of the energy toward the NFT, which is located in a transmission direction from the core of the waveguide. The antireflective mechanism(s) are in at least one of a first position in the waveguide, a second position in the NFT and a third position between the waveguide and the NFT.

Abstract: An example embodiment includes an optical transmission device. The optical transmission device includes an optical source, a collimator lens, and an optical monitor. The optical source is configured to transmit a channel of light. The collimator lens is configured to reflect a portion of the channel of light. The optical monitor is arranged to receive at least a first portion of the reflected channel of light directly from the collimator lens, and is configured to communicate a gross electrical signal representative of received light including the first portion of the reflected channel of light.

Abstract: An optical lens for an optical communication system is provided. The optical lens includes a front portion, a back portion opposite to the front portion, and a converging lens. The front portion includes a front end surface. The front portion defines a recess in the front end surface. The front portion includes a protrusion step protruding from a bottom surface of the recess. The converging lens is formed on the protrusion step.

Abstract: An optical connector comprising a plug housing having a pin cavity; a pin having a front and rear orientation and disposed at least partially in the pin cavity, the pin comprising at least a pin sleeve having a pin sleeve length, the pin sleeve at least partially containing a pin ferrule and a pin lens; a receptacle housing having a socket cavity; a socket having a front and rear orientation and disposed at least partially in the socket cavity, the socket comprising at least a socket sleeve having a socket sleeve length, the socket sleeve at least partially containing a socket ferrule and a socket lens; and an alignment sleeve between the pin and socket, wherein, when in a mated state, a pin front portion of the pin sleeve and a socket front portion of the socket sleeve are disposed in the alignment sleeve, wherein the pin front portion and the socket front portion are at least ? the length of the pin sleeve and socket sleeve, respectively.

Abstract: An optical coupling element, for coupling a light emitting element to a light transmission element, includes a light guide element. The light guide element has a light incident part, a total reflection surface and a light output part. The light incident path is formed at the light incident part corresponding to the light emitting element. The light reflection path is formed at the light output part corresponding to the light transmission element. The first included angle ?1 is formed between the light incident path and the total reflection surface and is not equal to 45 degrees. The light emitting element is adapted to emit a beam toward the total reflection surface along the light incident path by passing through the light guide element from the light incident part. Moreover, the beam is reflected by the total reflection surface and is outputted toward the light transmission element.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for converting laser radiation (21) into laser radiation having an M profile, comprising separating means (34), which can separate the laser radiation (21) into at least two partial beams (22, 23) which, at least in some sections or partially, move in different directions or are arranged offset from one another, and optics means (38), which can introduce the at least two partial beams (22, 23) in a working plane and/or can, at least in some sections, superimpose the at least two partial beams (22, 23) in the working plane, wherein the separating means (34) comprise a lens array (39, 41) having at least two lenses (40, 42).

Abstract: The disclosure generally relates to sets of optical waveguides such as optical fiber ribbons and embedded optical waveguides, and optical interconnects useful for connecting multiple optical waveguides such as in optical fiber ribbon cables and printed circuit boards (PCBs) having optoelectronic capabilities. In particular, the disclosure provides an efficient, compact, and reliable optical waveguide connector that incorporates microlenses and re-directing elements which combine the features of optical waveguide alignment, along with redirecting and shaping of the optical beam.

Abstract: An optical module that installs a plurality of laser diodes (LDs) and a composite prism to condense optical beams emitted from the LDs is disclosed. The LDs are arranged on a line so as to level the optical beams within a plane. The composite prism includes input surfaces and output surfaces each corresponding to respective one of the input surfaces. The composite prism outputs optical beams whose intervals are narrowed compared with intervals of the optical beams entering therein.

Abstract: A structure for aligning an optical element includes a baseplate including a set position for mounting at least one optical element, a first reference hole, and a second reference hole spaced by a first distance from the first reference hole. The set position is determined by a first baseline that passes the first reference hole and the second reference hole and a second baseline that intersects with the first baseline at a second distance from the first reference hole on an opposite side to the second reference hole with respect to the first reference hole. The second distance is shorter than the first distance.

Abstract: An optical receiver for coherent optical communication, includes: a splitting element that splits a signal light into two optical axes; optical hybrids each of which is coupled with the two split optical axes; a skew adjustment element that is arranged on one of the optical axes, and adjusts a difference between optical path lengths of the two optical axes between the splitting element and the optical hybrids; a carrier; an adhesive that is filled between the skew adjustment element and the carrier; and a void that is located at an end portion of an optical axis direction of the skew adjustment element in a region where the skew adjustment element and the carrier are opposed to each other, the void being not filled up with the adhesive.