Abstract: An inexpensive, disposable heating element is prepared for medical applications using layers of biologically-compatible materials disposed about a heating element that is formed of an electrically conductive material which exhibits positive temperature coefficient of resistance and that is then operated by a power controller which responds to the resistance of the heating element or to other electrical indication of operating temperature in order to control the level of power supplied to the heating element. A fuse is distributed about the periphery of the heating element to disconnect electrical power from the heating element in response to excessive heating of the element attributable to a portion of the heating element, usually including the periphery, not being immersed in liquid being warmed.

Abstract: Control device (1) for an electrical household appliance for the preparation of infusion beverages, having a housing (2) enclosing a reservoir (3) for cold water, a heating plate (4) supported an infusion collector (5), a water heater (6) connected thermally to the plate (4) and having a conduit (6') connected to the cold water reservoir (3) and a rising conduit (6") connected to a water pipe (7) of an infusion filter (8) disposed above the infusion collector (5). An electrical heating resistance (9) for the water heater (6) is connected to an electrical supply circuit (10) switchingly controlled by the device. The device supplies the electrical resistance (9) in a first phase intermittently by current pulses of predetermined duration, separated by pause times also of predetermined duration, and in a second phase supplies the electrical resistance (9) with a direct current.

Abstract: A heated tube with a electric heater comprising a braid structure of bare strands of resistance wire connected in an arrangement to form a number of resistance circuits in parallel in a zone formed between exposed core portions of an electrical feeder line. The electric heater is braided directly on a tube, or is braided in a flat shape and then wound in a large spiral around a tube and a feeder line with cores having exposed portions arranged along the tube. When power is supplied to the feeder line, the electric heater generates heat at each zone and a fluid flowing through the heated tube is uniformly heated.

Abstract: A heatable hose assembly having a helically corrugated central polymer tube of polyether ether ketone wrapped with a layer of polymer tape. A means for heating the central polymer tube is arranged on the layer of high strength tape as is a means for monitoring and controlling the means for heating the central polymer tube. Surrounding the arrangement is a layer of thermal insulation and a protective jacket. The heatable hose assembly is of utility for use in systems for the monitoring of acid gases from emission stacks.

Abstract: A coffeemaker includes a housing and a water reservoir contained within the housing. A carafe is supported on a base portion of the housing. A spreader is mounted within the housing. A hot water generator has an inlet connected to the water reservoir and an outlet connected to the spreader. The hot water generator has a generally shallow V-shape. An enclosure is supported within the housing and surrounds the hot water generator. The contact area between the surfaces of the generator and the enclosure is relatively minimal. The major portion of the surfaces of the enclosure and the hot water generator are spaced from each other to form an insulating air barrier to retain the heat generated by the hot water generator within the enclosure.

Abstract: A heater for heating processing gases used in semiconductor processing equipment; the heater including a chamber whose walls are heated by a strip heater whereby gases flowing through the chamber are heated by said heated walls.

Abstract: An espresso coffee making system includes an unpressurized boiler vessel with an electric heating element arranged outside the boiler vessel for heating water in the boiler vessel for delivery to a perforated filter holder of the espresso coffee maker. A tube is provided between the electric heating element and the boiler vessel that is in thermal contact with both the heating element and the boiler vessel. A valve allows water from the boiler vessel to be recirculated by a pump through the tube to generate steam, without overheating the water contained in the boiler vessel.

Abstract: A system for electrically heating a volume of windshield cleaning fluid in a motor vehicle includes a metallic vessel connected between a windshield fluid reservoir and a nozzle for spraying the windshield with the fluid. The vessel has a metal heater wall heated by PTC thermistors thereon and provided with a plurality of metal heat exchange pins extending into an internal chamber in the vessel through which the fluid flows to be heated. A control circuit is provided and includes an electronic timer circuit for controlling the length of time the thermistors are energized to heat the fluid in accordance with the prevailing ambient temperature, an engine speed sensor including a pulse stretching circuit for preventing energization of the thermistors if the engine of the vehicle is not running, and a differential input circuit for simplifying the attachment of the system to a standard windshield cleaning fluid pump.

Abstract: A windshield cleaning system with a wiper shaft for driving a wiper arm-and-blade assembly is described, which windshield cleaning system comprises an axial bore for forming a washing liquid channel, whereby at least one electric conductor for heating the washing liquid is assigned to the washing liquid channel. Thereby the electric conductor is anchored on a pipe, which is arranged in the bore of the wiper shaft, whereby this pipe extends the end of the wiper shaft by way of at least one end portion and can detachably be connected there with a counter contact piece. Due to the plug connection of the electric conductor an easy assembly is possible.

Abstract: An electrically heated nozzle for use in injection molding is positionable between an injection apparatus and a die in an injection molding operation. The disclosed nozzle is formed in three sections an end cap integrally formed with a sleeve, a housing surrounding the sleeve, and a nozzle tip also surrounding the sleeve forwardly of the housing. A coil of electrical resistance heating wire is wrapped around the sleeve inside the housing. A control box is provided for varying the current flow to the coil heater wire.

Abstract: A technique for installing and replacing, if necessary, readily bendable electrical heat-tracing cable on and insulating a network of installed pipes including straight sections, straight joints, and elbow sections is disclosed herein. In accordance with this technique, initially provided heat-tracing cable is installed in individual continuous sections along the length of and adjacent to the straight pipe sections, joints and elbow sections. Routing guides are placed over and/or under lengthwise surfaces of at least those segments of the heat-tracing cable adjacent to the joints and elbows and retained in place along with the cable itself. With the cable and routing guides so retained, a layer of thermal insulation is placed over the network of pipes as well as the cable and routing guides so that opposite ends of individual cable sections are readily accessible for connection with the source of electrical power or a section of replacement cable.

Abstract: A temperature control system for an adhesive application system in which adhesive is delivered from a pump to a nozzle for application in bead form to a part. The control system includes a hose assembly extending from the pump to the nozzle and including an inner hose for carrying the adhesive and an outer hose defining an annular space between the outer hose and the inner hose for passage of water in a direction opposite to the direction of flow of the adhesive; a water conditioner selectively heating and cooling the water; and a controller receiving a reference signal representing a desired temperature of the adhesive at the nozzle and an actual adhesive temperature signal provided by a temperature sensor sensing the temperature of the adhesive being delivered to the nozzle and operative to compare the signals and generate appropriate signals for control of the water conditioner in a sense to maintain the desired water temperature and thereby the desired adhesive temperature.

Abstract: An electrically heated continuous flow heater control system includes an electric switching element that has an open and a closed switching position and is electrically connected in series to a thermostat. Switching element (26) is always closed in the brewing process while it can be opened and closed again in the keep-warm process by a control circuit. The control circuit includes a temperature sensor which is in good heat contact with the infusion beverage. When in the initial phase of the keep-warm process the sensor temperature is in excess of a definable switching temperature, the control circuit keeps the switching element in its open position for as long as the sensor temperature remains higher than the switching temperature in the course of the consequently occurring cooling of the infusion beverage.

Abstract: A coffee or tea maker includes a base shell including a vertically-oriented connecting sleeve; a flow heater accommodated in the base shell and having a vertically-oriented inlet nipple received in the connecting sleeve; a mains cable connection situated in the base shell; a machine switch situated in the base shell; an electric circuit board connected to the mains cable connection and to the machine switch and having plug-in pins; and a bottom closing off the base shell and locked thereto by a detent joint. All the plug-in and detent connections define a vertical joining direction for relative movement toward one another into a locked state during an assembling operation.

Abstract: A liquid heating apparatus 1 has a flow path 2 surrounded by a quartz glass tube 5 inside a tubular ceramic heater 4 which radiates infrared rays and has a PTC characteristic, and a flow path 3 which is formed between two quartz glass tubes 6, 7 which are disposed outside the tubular ceramics tube 4 in a coaxial manner. The liquid heating apparatus can effectively heat purified water used for manufacturing electronics-related products without contamination of the purified water, and provides a compact size while having a high heat capacity.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a transportation pipe or conduit (10, 20, 30) which preferably is adapted to be installed on the seabed between a permanent or floating off-shore platform (3) and an on-shore terminal (4). The transportation conduit comprises an inner tube or pipe (21, 31) which primarily is constructed for the transmission of gas and/or oil or similar, a plurality of elements (23, 33) provided preferably as a layer outside the pipe (21, 31) and being adapted for transmission of preferably electric power. The elements (23, 33) which preferably might be made of copper or another material of appropriate electric conductivity, is insulated against the outer environment, for example by means of an appropriate thermal insulation material (24, 34). The inner tube (21, 31) might be manufactured from steel or a flexible material of considerable strength, and be surrounded by a corrosion preventing layer (22, 32).

Abstract: A system for transporting liquefied, highly viscous waterproofing membrane from a kettle where the membrane is heated and stored to a remote location. The system comprises a pump assembly for pumping membrane out of the kettle, a pipe assembly coupled with the pump assembly for providing a passageway along which the membrane may be transported from the pump assembly to an intermediate location, and a lugger for receiving membrane discharged from the pipe assembly and for transporting the membrane to the remote location. The pipe assembly and the lugger include heating devices for maintaining the temperature of membrane being transported thereby at a selected temperature, typically in the range of 375.degree. F. to 425.degree. F.

Abstract: The heat of a heater sheath wire is both the heat that is directly transmitted to a heated nozzle main body, and the heat that is indirectly transmitted to the heated nozzle main body via a metal strip and both provide the effect of efficiently heating the heated nozzle main body and producing a significant increase in the performance. The heated nozzle for plastic injection molding according to the present invention is configured so as to have a spiral-shaped groove on its outer periphery, the heater sheath wire that is pressed into the spiral-shaped groove and the metal strip that is wound around the surface of the outer periphery of the heated nozzle main body and is welded to the heated nozzle main body.

Abstract: A supplementary passenger compartment heating assembly for use in conjunction with an automobile HVAC system having a forced air duct opening to the compartment includes a generally rectangular cross section air distribution duct molded integrally with the forced air duct from a heat conductive PTC polymer material. The air distribution duct has a pair of sides separated by a plurality of ribs extending therebetween so as to provide increased heat transfer area to the air forced therethrough.

Abstract: A household coffeemaker comprises a cold water reservoir (1) supplying a water heater (2) of the circulating type whose outlet is connected to a water channel (3) of a coffee filter (4). The water heater comprises a heating resistance (7) whose supply circuit is connected to the terminals (8) of a source of alternating current. The supply circuit of the resistance (7) comprises a device (11) for changing the electric power supplied to the resistance (7) so as to supply, during a first so-called pre-steeping phase, a low power to obtain a low flow rate of hot water, and during a second so-called infusion phase, a higher power to obtain a higher flow rate of hot water. The invention is applicable to drip coffeemakers.

Abstract: A flow heater is provided for water in a machine which produces hot water. The machine includes a water tube having an inflow end for receiving water and an outflow end for dispensing hot water, and a heating tube connected to the water tube in a heat conductive manner. The heating tube is divided over its extent into a plurality of regions of different heating outputs for, respectively, intensely heating the water to below the boiling point in a first zone of the water tube adjacent the inflow end, followed by a less intense heating of the water to attain the boiling point in a second zone of the water tube, followed by an intense heating of the water until a vigorous formation of vapor bubbles occurs in a third zone of the water tube, and finally followed by a less intense heating of the water for reheating the water in a fourth zone of the water tube adjacent the outflow end.

Abstract: A fluid heater having a fluid chamber with a base wall and an upright sidewall is positioned above a feed chamber having an upper wall. A plurality of identical tubular passage heaters, each having an upper outlet end connected to the fluid chamber base wall and an inlet end connected to the upper wall of the feed chamber, are disposed in at least one lateral protective niche recessed with respect to the fluid chamber upright wall. Return ducts located inwardly of the passage heaters connect the base wall of the fluid chambers to the upper wall of the feed chamber. Thermostatically controlled electric heating elements helically disposed on the passage heaters produce a thermosphonic circulation of fluid from the feed chamber through the passage heaters to the fluid chamber and back to the feed chamber through the return ducts. The heating capacity of the fluid heater can be varied within wide limits by energizing different numbers of passage heaters.

Abstract: A process for the production of an injection nozzle comprising an essentially tubular inner part (16) and at least one essentially wire-type heating element (14, 15) which is embedded entirely inside a solid metal body (12, 13) lying in a close-fitting manner around the inner part in which one or more separate, essentially tubular metal bodies (12, 13) with a heating element (14, 15) embedded therein are formed by placing the heating element and the metal in a molten state in a mold, so that the heating element is completely enclosed by the molten metal, and subsequently allowing the metal to set, following which the body thus formed is removed from the mold and this tubular body or these tubular bodies thus obtained is or are then slid over the tubular inner part up to a certain point.

Abstract: A water heater (10) overcomes the disadvantage of complicated structure in the prior art and can effectively prevent water in the tank from flowing back into main supply outside the tank, remove impurities in hot water to improve water quality, assure effective and safe operation of the water heater and prolong its service life through the use of a simple ventilating member (20) having small holes (26) preventing water from flowing back, a guiding pipe (24) which makes water swirl, a downwardly projecting periphery (14) of the bottom of the tank, a sand collector (16) and a manually operated sand removing valve (18).

Abstract: A system for transporting liquefield, highly viscous waterproofing membrane from a kettle where the membrane is heated and stored to a remote location. The system comprises a pump assembly for pumping membrane out of a kettle, a pipe assembly coupled with the pump assembly for providing a passageway along which the membrane may be transported from the pump assembly to an intermediate location, and a lugger for receiving membrane discharged from the pipe assembly and for transporting the membrane to the remote location. The pipe assembly and the lugger include heating devices for maintaining the temperature of membrane being transported thereby at a selected temperature, typically in the range of 375.degree. F. to 425.degree. F.

Abstract: For reducing the unwanted escape (dripping) of oil from a burner nozzle, nozzle holder, oil warmer apparatus is provided to continuously regulate the oil temperature during operation of a oil fired heating system to maintain a nearly constant oil volume in the nozzle holder, oil warmer unit. The apparatus includes a pair of oil pipes that are encapsulated and connected between the nozzle and pump connections, there being a pair of heating elements that are also encapsulated for heating the oil pipes. The first heating element is permanently energized during the operation of the heating system while the second heating element is energized only when oil is being feed to the burner nozzle.

Abstract: An improved single heating element for a furnace, and method of designing the circuit is provided.In the method of design and constructing the heating element, the voltage level of the furnace is determined, the operating temperature of the furnace is determined and then the watt level output is selected. A resistance wire is selected and the watt-density of the wire is calculated as if it were to be connected in a single strand in series. If the calculation yields a value greater than the maximum safe watt density, the watt-density is recalculated as if the wire were connected as two wires in parallel, and this calculation is repeated with an additional wire in parallel as many times as necessary to provide a watt-density less than the maximum safe watt density and constructing a furnace heating element with said finally determined number of wires in parallel.

Abstract: A flow through fluid heater having a tubular hollow body having a flattened region on which is printed and sintered a resistive paste to form an electric heating element. The hollow body can be made of aluminum oxide or steel with a ceramic coating.

Abstract: A hot water boiling apparatus includes a hot water storage tank. The storage tank has an inner tank storing water therein, an outer tank surrounding the inner tank, and a vacuum heat insulation layer defined between the inner and outer tanks and surrounding the inner tank. An electrically heated bubble pump unit is arranged outside the storage tank and used for drawing water from the inner tank through a water supply port formed at the bottom of the inner tank and, after heating the water, supplying it into the inner tank through a hot water supply port formed at the top of the inner tank. First and second connecting pipe respectively connect the bubble pump unit to the top and bottom water supply ports of the inner tank. The portions of the connecting pipes extending through the vacuum insulation space are oriented horizontally to minimize convection heat losses. The portion of the connecting pipe which passes through the vacuum heat insulation space is oriented horizontally.