Abstract: A system and method with a modified bit-interleaved coded modulation with iterative decoding (BICM-ID). Coded and interleaved bits are combined and coded with a second FEC code that is then mapped to a modulation format. The second FEC code may be a single parity check (SPC) and the scheme may be referred to as a SPC-BICM-ID scheme.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure disclose a service transmission method and a device and a system for implementing the method. The method includes: recognizing a type of a received client service, encapsulating an OTN service, and generating an OTN signal frame or a lower order ODU; querying a tag forwarding base to acquire forwarding information of the OTN signal frame or the lower order ODU; acquiring tag information, and inserting the tag information into an overhead of the OTN signal frame or the lower order ODU; and forwarding the OTN signal frame according to the forwarding information. Therefore, in the embodiments of the present disclosure, the forwarding and the transmission of the service may be performed in an OTN plane only, thereby reducing hardware modules of an MPLS plane.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and a device. The method includes: mixing a multi-carrier optical signal with a local optical signal having the same center frequency as that of the multi-carrier optical signal; performing photoelectric conversion and analog-to-digital conversion on an optical signal obtained through the mixing to obtain a digital signal; performing FFT on the digital signal to obtain a frequency domain signal; grouping the frequency domain signal according to each frequency band corresponding to its respective carrier in the multi-carrier optical signal, and performing IFFT on each frequency domain signal group to obtain a corresponding time domain signal for each carrier; and performing data restoration on each time domain signal corresponding to its respective carrier to obtain data carried on each carrier. The solutions of the present invention only require one set of coherent reception device, and have low cost and low power consumption.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for performing a navigation service in a mobile terminal is provided. Map information and an IDentification (ID) of an information spot, which is connected to a map server, are received from the information spot. A current position is determined. The map information and the current position are displayed A destination input by a user is received. An optimal path from the current position to the destination is calculated and displayed by using the map information. When the mobile terminal receives an ID of a general spot from the general spot, a current position of the mobile terminal is re-determined. When the re-determined current position is on the optimal path, the optimal path is updated and the updated optimal path from the re-determined current position to the destination is displayed.

Abstract: Signal format conversion apparatus and methods involve converting data signals between a first signal format associated with a first reference clock rate and a second signal format that is different from the first signal format and is associated with a second reference clock rate different from the first reference clock rate. A period of the second signal format is changed to match a period of a third signal format by controlling a synchronized second reference clock rate that is applied in converting data signals between the first signal format and the second signal format. The synchronized second reference clock rate is different from the second reference clock rate and is synchronized with a third reference clock rate. The third reference clock rate is associated with the third signal format. Such synchronization simplifies conversion of signals between the second and third signal formats.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an optical transmission system to which a spatial multiplexing optical fiber is applied as a transmission line. The optical transmission system performs optical transmission using the spatial multiplexing optical fiber as an optical transmission line for transmission of signal light. Namely, the optical transmission is carried out in accordance with a modulation format in which a Q-factor of the signal light propagating in certain propagation mode light propagating in the spatial multiplexing optical fiber and a ratio of a signal light power to a square of the shortest distance between modulation symbols in the modulation format satisfy a predetermined relational expression.

Abstract: Enhancements in optical beam propagation performance can be realized through the utilization of ultra-short pulse laser (USPL) sources for laser transmit platforms, which are can be used throughout the telecommunication network infrastructure fabric. One or more of the described and illustrated features of USPL free space-optical (USPL-FSO) laser communications can be used in improving optical propagation through the atmosphere, for example by mitigating optical attenuation and scintillation effects, thereby enhancing effective system availability as well as link budget considerations, as evidenced through experimental studies and theoretical calculations between USPL and fog related atmospheric events.

Abstract: It is necessary to completely remove overlapping of signals between plural PONs in order to make the PONs coexist. Accordingly, it is required to share or intensively manage bandwidth use conditions over an optical fiber that serves as a common band between plural systems. Therefore, transmission clocks should be synchronized with high accuracy between plural systems. A reference clock is provided from an external device or a representative OLT to the entire systems to perform clock synchronization between plural systems, so that the overall systems are synchronized by synchronizing each OLT with the reference clock. A hierarchical management method is selected that manages ONUs under the control of each OLT by managing band use information arranged for each OLT with respect to an external device or a representative OLT for sharing of bandwidth use conditions between plural systems.

Abstract: An improved algorithm for calculating multimode fiber system bandwidth which addresses both modal dispersion and chromatic dispersion effects is provided. The radial dependence of a laser transmitter emission spectrum is taken into account to assist in designing more effective optical transmission systems.

Abstract: Using polarization modulation techniques to simultaneously transmit two different data streams (formatted according to two different protocols) over a single optical wavelength. A first data stream that is encapsulated for transport using a first transport protocol, and a second data stream that is encapsulated for transport using a second transport protocol are received. The first data stream is modulated on a wavelength with a first polarization mode of a polarization division modulation scheme to produce a first modulated data stream and the second data stream is modulated on the wavelength with a second polarization mode of the polarization division multiplex transmission scheme to produce a second modulated data stream having the second polarization mode. The second polarization mode is orthogonal to the first polarization mode. The first and second data streams are combined onto a single wavelength for transmission over a single optical fiber using a polarization beam combiner.

Abstract: An optical network having a tree-like structure with a main line and a plurality of branches, at least two of the branches comprising a monitoring unit for upstream signalling to the main line, wherein each of the monitoring units comprises a signal generation unit with a light source for generation of a pre-defined optical signal, and the monitoring units are construed to generate pre-defined optical signals which are different from each other, as well as a monitoring unit for generating a periodic upstream signal in such an optical network and a method for monitoring such an optical network.

Abstract: In one embodiment, an optical system for processing space-multiplexed optical signals includes an input fiber that propagates multiple spatially-separated optical signals, a photonic signal processor that receives the multiple spatially-separated optical signals and simultaneously processes those signals, and an output fiber that receives at least one of the processed signals.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a wavelength-division multiplexing passive optical network (WDM-PON) capable of high-bandwidth transmission for optical signals by using modulation format having high spectral efficiency. The WDM-PON according to the present invention provides a larger capacity and higher bandwidth transmission economically (at lower costs) by using a modulation format where spectral efficiency (a transmission bit number per a unit band width) is high, while using a low noise part of a light source.

Abstract: Multi-channel optical modules are provided. The multi-channel optical module may include a plurality of optical devices receiving or transmitting optical signals, a housing for optically coupling the plurality of optical devices to an optical fiber, at least one optical filter separating or multiplexing the optical signals according to wavelengths of the optical signals between the optical fiber and the plurality of optical devices, and at least one filter holder protruding into an inside of the housing. The optical filter may be mounted on the filter holder to align optical paths between the optical fiber and the optical devices.

Abstract: A demand accommodation design system for accommodating a demand specifying a signal transmission route from a start-point node to an end-point node within an optical network includes an analytical unit to acquire at least one optical path candidate for minimizing cost of the optical network by solving an objective function incorporating cost of optical path candidates by bandwidth, the optical path candidate being a candidate for an optical path composing a demand, and a mathematical programming problem employing a constraint condition incorporating a bandwidth of an optical path pattern candidate connecting the start-point node and the end-point node of the demand and a bandwidth of the acquired optical path candidate, the optical path pattern candidate being the acquired optical path candidate itself or being obtained by combining the optical path candidates, and an allocation unit to allocate the demand to the acquired optical path candidate to accommodate the demand.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an optical access system for dual service network, which mainly comprises an optical modulation device which is used to receive on-off keying (OOK) signal from cable network and radio frequency (RF) signal from wireless network, the optical modulation device then modulates the OOK signal and the RF signal to an optical signal and send out an output optical signal. Lastly, the output optical signal is being delivered to an optical receiving device through an optical fiber transmission channel, and the optical receiving device can access the OOK signal and RF signal from the output optical signal. In addition, the present invention does not require remote nodes (receiver side) to use any optical filter to discern on-off keying signal from cable network and RF signal from wireless network. The present invention can also apply to the field of wavelength-division multiplexing system.

Abstract: In the configuration of an optical communication system interconnecting a parent station and a plurality of child stations via an optical fiber network equipped with an optical splitter, RE is provided having a measuring unit for measuring a transmission distance or time to a child station, a determining unit for determining a timing when a child station transmits a signal, in accordance with a transmission bandwidth request from the child station, and a signal processing unit for processing a signal received from a child station and transmitting the processed signal to the parent station. When a burst signal is received from each child station at the determined timing, a portion of the header of the burst signal is deleted, and a dummy signal is inserted into the deleted area and a gap area between received burst signals to convert the burst signals into a series of signals to be sent to the parent station.

Abstract: Various methods and apparatuses are described for a wavelength division multiplexing passive optical network (WDM-PON) that performs bi-directional communication. The WDM-PON may include two or more remote distribution nodes in between a central office and the most distant optical network unit. Each remote distribution node is located in a physically separate location. A first remote distribution node has two or more optical network units connected to the first remote distribution node. Each remote node separates one or more wavelength channels from a composite optical signal distributed through that remote distribution node.

Abstract: Multiple input, multiple output (MIMO) communication systems and a method using multimode media are provided. A MIMO communication system includes an array of emitters that receives a data signal and outputs a plurality of signals (e.g., modulated light, or other signal types) representative of the data signal, a multimode medium (e.g., a multimode fiber, a fiber bundle, a bundle of cables) that receives the plurality of signals from the array of emitters and carries the plurality of signals in a plurality of modes, and an array of detectors that receives the plurality of signals carried by the multimode medium and outputs the data signal. The system can include a demultiplexer that demultiplexes a single high-speed data stream into the array of emitters as the data signal. The system can also include a multiplexer that multiplexes the data signal from the array of detectors back into the single high-speed data stream.

Abstract: The polarization multiplexed light transmitter takes out a part of a polarization multiplexed light to be transmitted as a monitor light; makes orthogonal polarization components contained in the monitor light to interfere with each other, to generate a polarization interfering light; converts the polarization interfering light into an electric signal; measures the power of an alternate current component contained in the electric signal after eliminating a direct current component thereof; and feedback controls delay amount varying sections so that an inter-polarized channel delay time judged based on a change in the measured power reaches a predetermined value. Thus, the delay time between the orthogonal polarization components in the polarization multiplexed light can be varied flexibly at a high speed with a simple configuration, and thus, it becomes possible to suppress transmission characteristics degradation of the polarization multiplexed light due to a change in system state.

Abstract: An optical transport system having an optical add-drop multiplexer configured to reduce inter-channel crosstalk by driving Mach-Zehnder pulse carvers in its optical transmitters with electrical drive signals whose swing range is smaller than voltage 2V? of said Mach-Zehnder pulse carvers.

Abstract: A base station includes multiple transmitter-receiver elements coupled to multiple antennas. The activation of additional baseband signal processing resources, dynamically mapped via a programmable digital interface module to a subset of the original transmitter-receiver sets in the base station to double capacity of the system or facilitate simultaneous operation of multiple air interface technologies with minimal or no hardware modifications to the base station or cell site. With a base station having four transmitter-receivers, the system transmits and receives the same signal on all transmitter-receivers to provide a 4×2 downlink and a 1×4 uplink. The system can be reconfigured by splitting the transmitter-receiver sets into two logically separate units. An additional base station modem resource is activated to double the capacity of the radio system or to implement a different communication protocol allowing transition between technologies.

Abstract: An optical transceiver unit for an optical WDM transmitting and receiving device is taught, with a transmitting unit to which a data signal can be fed to a specified channel input port of a multiplexer unit, wherein a separate channel wavelength is allocated to each channel input port, and the transmitting unit can be tuned with respect to optical carrier wavelength across a specified range of wavelengths. The transmitting unit is constructed so that, within the specified range of wavelengths, discrete wavelengths can be set that correspond to the channel wavelengths. In tuning mode, the controller unit can drive the transmitting unit so that the possible channel wavelengths are scanned through. The controller unit evaluates the reception signal fed to it from the receiving unit for whether abort criteria for tuning mode have been fulfilled or not, wherein the scanning process is continued until the abort criteria are fulfilled.

Abstract: A system is provided for high speed optical fiber data transmission by generating artificial wavefronts along multiple paths exhibiting spatial mutual orthogonality. Multiple independent signal streams are “structured” over a group of different propagation paths that are coherently organized by wavefront multiplexing and de-multiplexing techniques. Therefore, signal streams with enhanced throughput and reliability may be fully recovered at destinations via embedded diagnostic signals and optimization loops. Multiple optical channels are matched with multiple orthogonal wavefronts created by a signal pre-processor. A receiving end signal post-processor dynamically aligns propagation paths via diagnostic signals and orthogonality of the propagation wavefronts electronically. The multiple optical channels are coherently bonded into a single virtual channel, thereby increasing data bandwidth while reducing interference and unwanted multi-path effects.

Abstract: An optical transmission system includes an optical transmitting unit that outputs at least one optical signal having a wavelength included in an operation wavelength band and a holey fiber that is connected to the optical transmitting unit. The holey fiber includes a core and a cladding formed around the core. The cladding includes a plurality of holes formed around the core in a triangular lattice shape. The holey fiber transmits the optical signal in a single mode. A bending loss of the holey fiber is equal to or less than 5 dB/m at a wavelength within the operation wavelength band when the holey fiber is wound at a diameter of 20 millimeters.

Abstract: A method for processing optical signals includes performing frequency mixing, photoelectric detection, analog/digital conversion, and dispersion compensation on received input optical signals. First-path polarization multiplexing optical signals and second-path polarization multiplexing optical signals. An initialization update process is performed on filter coefficients. Polarization compensation is performed on the first-path polarization multiplexing optical signals and the second-path polarization multiplexing optical signals by using the filter coefficients on which the initialization update is performed to obtain initialized x-path optical signals and initialized y-path optical signals. Preset x-path training sequences and y-path training sequences are synchronized by using the initialized x-path optical signals and the initialized y-path optical signals. If a synchronization result indicates that polarization cross occurs, the polarization cross is rectified.

Abstract: A wavelength selective switch (WSS) based on an array of MEMS mirrors tiltable in 1-dimension about only one axis exhibits “hitting” or unwanted port connections during switching. Two WSS's can be cascaded to create M×N switching functionality in a hitless manner by the inclusion of block ports at specified positions in one or both of the WSS's. Greater use efficiency of ports can be achieved if quasi-hitless performance is acceptable.

Abstract: In optical networks new links are added between nodes over time to satisfy the increasing traffic demands of the network. Existing links are normally not changed, resulting in a network that does not have the lowest energy consumption. A method provides a way to reduce the energy consumption of the overall network while supporting the required traffic demands at all times. The network includes a multiple source nodes, and multiple destination nodes. The network is represented by a graph of nodes connected by edges, wherein each node represents an optical network element and each edge represents a path connecting two optical network elements. Each edge is labeled with a demand. The non-bridge edge with a lowest demand is removed from the graph, and the lowest demand is added to the non-bridge edge with a highest demand. These steps are repeated until a termination condition is reached.

Abstract: A method of transferring data in a projectile launching device includes providing a projectile launching device that has a transmitter and a receiver. An external device also includes its own transmitter and receiver. The receivers are in range with the transmitters. Data is sent from the transmitter on the projectile launching device to the either or both the receiver on the projectile launching device and the receiver on the external device. Data is sent from the transmitter on the projectile launching device to either or both the receiver on the projectile launching device and the receiver on the external device. As a result, the projectile launching device communicates with the external device.

Abstract: In a PON system in which communication is performed at a plurality of types of transmission rate (L, M, and H) in an upstream direction from a plurality of terminals connected to a station apparatus through optical fibers, within a discovery period for allowing an unregistered terminal to be recognized by station apparatus, the terminal makes a discovery response at one type of transmission rate (L). With this configuration, station apparatus can wait for a discovery response with a receive function being allowed to support transmission rate (L).

Abstract: A communication device includes an addition unit which outputs a result of adding a predetermined number to the number of data blocks of a first signal, a comparison unit which, on the basis of comparison of the addition result with the number of data blocks of a second signal outputs the addition result of subtracting the number of data blocks of the second signal from the addition result, as a selection result, a data insertion unit which, on the basis of comparison of the selection result with the number of data blocks of the first signal, inserts either of the first signal and adjustment data into the second signal, and a storage unit which stores the selection result, and outputs the selection result stored last time to the addition unit, as the predetermined number.

Abstract: An optical communication device includes a transmitter module and a receiver module. The transmitter module includes a two laser sources, two optical modulators optically coupled to the two light sources, respectively, and an optical coupler, a semiconductor optical amplifier, an optical coupler, four optical band-pass filters or a demultiplexer, and an optical multiplexer optically coupled in series. The laser beams emitted from the two laser sources are converted into four laser beams having different frequencies due to a four-wave mixing effect occurring in the semiconductor optical amplifier. The receiver module includes a demultiplexer and four photoelectric conversion elements to receive the four laser beams respectively and convert them to electrical signals.

Abstract: A photonic device assembly including a photonic device fabricated on a chip substrate, the chip substrate having a physical alignment feature fabricated therein, and a frame to couple an external optical lens or interconnect to the photonic device. The frame has a frame facet abutted to a complementary facet of the physical alignment feature. An adhesive permanently affixes the frame to the photonic device as aligned by the abutted facets. A method of forming a photonic device assembly includes microfabricating a physical alignment feature in a chip substrate of a photonic device and joining a frame to the chip substrate by abutting a facet of the coupling to a complementary facet of the fabricated physical alignment feature.

Abstract: In an apparatus for accommodating and multiplexing asynchronous client signals in which an idle signal is defined, the transmission side transmits client signals after synchronizing the client signals by inserting or removing, with reference to a specific client signal, an idle signal to/from the same type of another client signal, and in the receiving side, a PLL part is shared by recovering a clock from a client signal and distributing the clock for another client signal.

Abstract: Embodiments of a system that includes an array of chip modules (CMs) is described. In this system, a given CM in the array includes a semiconductor die that is configured to communicate data signals with one or more adjacent CMs through electromagnetic proximity communication using proximity connectors. Note that the proximity connectors are proximate to a surface of the semiconductor die. Moreover, the given CM is configured to communicate optical signals with other CMs through an optical signal path using optical communication, and the optical signals are encoded using wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM).

Abstract: Used bandwidth counts for each of multiple client streams are maintained. A used bandwidth count for a client stream is increased when data from the client stream is put in a Generic Framing Procedure (GFP) frame onto the GFP path and is decreased once every time period by allocated bandwidth credits value. The used bandwidth count for a client stream is compared with a bandwidth limit before sending data in the client stream in a GFP frame onto the GFP path.

Abstract: There is provided a filter assembly for combining a wavelength multiplexed optical signal by multiplexing optical signals of different wavelength emitted from respective optical devices, and/or for dividing a wavelength multiplexed optical signal into optical signals of different wavelength and causing the optical signals of different wavelength to enter respective optical devices. This filter assembly comprises: a light transmitting member within which each optical signal propagates; plural optical filters disposed on an upper face of the light transmitting member at a predetermined spacing wherein each optical signal passes through the optical filters; upper reflective layers respectively provided between adjacent ones of the optical filters; and a lower reflective layer provided on a lower face of the light transmitting member, and wherein the wavelength multiplexed optical signal propagates along the same optical path within the light transmitting member.

Abstract: A method of communicating count value information in an Optical Transport Network (OTN) signal frame. The method comprises determining a count value indicating a number of payload bytes to be sent in a next OTN signal frame; determining that a change in the count value (?) with respect to a current count value is within a predetermined range; selecting an inversion pattern indicating the change in the count value; determining a cyclic redundancy check (CRC) code associated with the inversion pattern; and, inserting the inversion pattern and the CRC code in a Generic Mapping Procedure (GMP) overhead of the OTN signal frame.

Abstract: Methods and systems for encoding multi-level pulse amplitude modulated signals using integrated optoelectronics are disclosed and may include generating a multi-level, amplitude-modulated optical signal utilizing an optical modulator driven by two or more electrical input signals. The optical modulator may include optical modulator elements coupled in series and configured into groups. The number of optical modular elements and groups may configure the number of levels in the multi-level amplitude modulated optical signal. Unit drivers may be coupled to each of the groups. The electrical input signals may be synchronized before communicating them to the unit drivers. Phase addition may be synchronized utilizing one or more electrical delay lines. The optical modulator may be integrated on a single substrate, which may include one of: silicon, gallium arsenide, germanium, indium gallium arsenide, polymers, or indium phosphide.

Abstract: Techniques are provided for increasing spectral efficiency over data channels in a storage or communication system. In some embodiments, data may be encoded and transmitted over multiple channels. The transmitted data from the multiple channels may be considered together as a channel bundle, thereby increasing the edge transitions of the group of signals to improve clock recovery and reduce coding constraints. In some embodiments, the channel bit size is reduced to maximize data rates based on the reduced coding constraints. Furthermore, the channel bundle has only one channel with timing markers, so that a receiver may receive information from the channel bundle and recover clocking based on the timing markers in the one channel.

Abstract: The invention relates to a communications node (10) for routing an optical signal 5 comprising at least one data packet, the node (10) having an input optic fiber (12) and an output optic fiber (14) in communication with each other, the input optic fiber (12) in communication with an optical splitter (20) which is arranged to split an incoming optical signal into at least two substantially identical optical signals, the optical splitter (20) further arranged to pass one of the optical signals to an optical correlator (22) and the other of the optical signals to an input optical switch (24), the optical correlator (22) being arranged to compare an address of the packet with a reference address (40) and to generate a trigger if the reference address (40) matches the address of the packet, the input optical switch (24) being arranged to route the data packet to an optical to electrical converter (28) in response to the trigger.

Abstract: A communication system and method that allows a transmitter segment (ground end of uplink segment) to dynamically combine power from a plurality of propagation channels (transponders) to improve power levels of signals being transmitted, without affecting the receiver segment (user end of downlink segment) and the propagation segment (space segment), and without modifying propagation apparatus configurations (satellite). Specifically, the transmitter segment generates mixtures of input signals by using Wavefront-Multiplexing and transmits wavefront-multiplexed (WFM) signals through propagation channels to a receiver segment that coherently separates the mixtures of received WFM signals by using adaptive equalization and Wavefront-De-Multiplexing.

Abstract: A spatially multiplexed optical link having a plurality of transmission paths, wherein at least one transmission path is configured to carry an optical-pump signal while one or more other transmission paths carry data-bearing signals. Disposed within the optical link are an optical signal-distribution module and an amplifier module. The optical signal-distribution module is configured to couple portions of the optical-pump signal into the data-bearing transmission paths. The amplifier module is configured to amplify the data-bearing signals using these portions of the optical-pump signal as a power source in a suitable all-optical amplification scheme. The optical-pump signal can optionally be tapped and applied to a photovoltaic element configured to directly power a device, e.g., an optical performance monitor, or to charge the battery of that device to enable its autonomous operation if external electrical power is not available where the device is deployed.

Abstract: A system and method for data synchronization in Passive Optical Networks are disclosed. According to an embodiment, the present invention provides a method for providing upstream data synchronization in an optical communication network. The method includes sending data from an Optical Network Unit. The data includes a first data frame, which includes a header sequence, a synchronization segment, and a data segment. The synchronization segment includes 66 bits, which includes a first number of bits having nonzero values and a second number of bits having a value of zero. The first number is different from the second number. The method further includes receiving at least the first data frame by an Optical Line Terminal. The method also includes processing the first data frame. The method additionally includes selecting a first segment of the first data frame, the first segment including 66 bits.

Abstract: Distributed CMTS device for a HFC CATV network serving multiple neighborhoods by multiple individual cables, in which the QAM modulators that provide data for the individual cables are divided between QAM modulators located at the cable plant, and remote QAM modulators ideally located at the fiber nodes. A basic set of CATV QAM data waveforms may be transmitted to the nodes using a first fiber, and a second set of IP/on-demand data may be transmitted to the nodes using an alternate fiber or alternate fiber frequency, and optionally other protocols such as Ethernet protocols. The nodes will extract the data specific to each neighborhood and inject this data into unused QAM channels, thus achieving improved data transmission rates through finer granularity. A computerized “virtual shelf” control system for this system is also disclosed. The system has high backward compatibility, and can be configured to mimic a conventional cable plant CMTS.

Abstract: A method comprising identifying a data demand of an optical channel request; identifying available resources for satisfying the optical channel request; selecting light paths to a destination based on the identified available resources, wherein each light path is distinct; selecting one or more optical carriers for each light path; optically transmitting data pertaining to the optical channel request based on the selected light paths, wherein each selected optical carrier of each light path carries a portion of the data and a total of the one or more optical carriers associated with the light paths collectively carry an entire portion of the data; receiving the one or more optical carriers of the light paths at the destination; identifying a latency between the one or more optical carriers of the light paths; adjusting the latency between the one or more optical carriers of the light paths; and assembling the data.

Abstract: A method for implementing the subscriber port positioning by broadband access equipments, includes: when the subscriber initiates an access request, the multi-port terminal equipment captures the access request message, adds the subscriber basic information into the access request message, and transmits it to the office equipment; the single-port terminal equipment forwards the access request message to the office equipment directly; the office equipment captures the access request message, adds the terminal basic information into the access request message and forwards it to the broadband access server; for the multi-port terminal equipment, the terminal basic information and the subscriber basic information comprises the subscriber port positioning information; for the single-port terminal equipment, the terminal basic information is taken as the subscriber port positioning information; after the broadband access server receives the access request message, it extracts the subscriber port positioning informa

Abstract: The present invention provides a remodulating channel selector for a wavelength division multiplexed optical communication system. The remodulating selector receives a WDM input signal, selects a particular optical channel from the WDM signal and places the information from the selected signal onto a newly-generated optical output signal. The wavelength of the output optical signal can be the same as or different from one of the optical channels which comprises the WDM input signal. When used in a WDM optical communication system with remodulators at the transmission input, the remodulating selectors provide complete control over the interfaces with optical transmitters and receivers, permitting use with a broad range of optical equipment.

Abstract: An optical hybrid circuit includes a multimode interference coupler; a first 2:2 optical coupler; a second 2:2 optical coupler; a third 2:2 optical coupler; and a phase controlling region. The first 2:2 optical coupler, the second 2:2 optical coupler, and the third 2:2 optical coupler are coupled to one of the pair of first output channels, the pair of second output channels, the pair of third output channels, and the pair of fourth output channels of the multimode interference coupler. The phase controlling region is provided in one or both of each pair of at least two pairs of output channels from among three pairs of output channels to which the first 2:2 optical coupler, the second 2:2 optical coupler, and the third 2:2 optical coupler are coupled, respectively.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a remote electronic component, such as a remote radio head, for a wireless communication system, to a remote electronic component array and to an external distributor unit. The electronic component includes at least one optical input connector for connecting the remote electronic component with a control device using an optical data line, at least one optical output connector, and at least one optical splitter/combiner unit that is connected to the at least one input connector for splitting an optical path into a first optical paths connected to an internal circuitry communicating with an antenna and a second optical path connected to an optical output connector to be coupled to at least one second remote electronic component. Alternatively, an external distributor unit with an optical splitter/combiner unit may be provided.