Abstract: Methods and apparatus for a reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer (ROADM) cluster node are provided. In some embodiments, the ROADM cluster node includes a set of g line chassis for performing line functionality. In some embodiments, the ROADM cluster node further includes a set of h add-drop chassis for performing add-drop functionality. In some embodiments, each of the g line chassis includes a set of N line cards and a set of M interconnect cards. In some embodiments, the ROADM cluster node further includes a set of M interconnect chassis configured for interconnecting each line chassis to each other line chassis. In some embodiments, the set of M interconnect chassis is further configured for interconnecting each line chassis to each of the h add-drop chassis. In some embodiments, the ROADM cluster node separates the line functionality and add-drop functionality. In some embodiments, 1.15N?M?1.5N.

Abstract: A passive optical communication network includes two optical line terminals configured respectively to receive a communication signal from information systems and at least two optical network units configured to receive the communication signal. At least two optical switches, one part of which is connected at input to a first terminal via a primary nominal operating path and to the second terminal via a secondary path, and the other part of which is connected at input to a second terminal via a primary nominal operating path and to the first terminal via a secondary path. Each switch being connected at output to at least one optical network unit. A command controller connected to the switches and configured to control the switches such that, when a fault is detected on a primary path, the switch associated with the path is toggled.

Abstract: This disclosure describes devices and methods related to multiplexing optical data signals. A method may be disclosed. The method may comprise receiving, by a dense wave division multiplexer (DWDM), one or more optical data signals. The method may comprise combining, by the DWDM, the one or more optical data signals. The method may comprise outputting, by the DWDM, the combined one or more optical data signals to a first circulator. The method may also comprise combining, by the WDM, the second optical data signal and one or more third signals, and outputting an egress optical data signal to an optical switch. The method may also comprise outputting, by the optical switch, the egress optical data signal on a primary fiber.

Abstract: A system may use a single fiber combining module (SFCM) that combines multiple wavelength channels of different optical technologies over a single fiber. In an example, a SFCM may include a original band (O-band) port, wherein the O-band passes signals at a first wavelength range; a XGS PON port, wherein the XGS-PON port passes signals at a second wavelength range; a dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM) port, wherein the DWDM port passes signals at a third wavelength range, wherein the first frequency range, the second frequency range, and the third wavelength range are different; and a common port connected with a fiber, the common port simultaneously combining signals from the O-band port, XGS-PON port, and the DWDM port.

Abstract: Method for operating at least one apparatus for additively manufacturing of three-dimensional objects by means of successive layerwise selective irradiation and consolidation of layers of a build material which can be consolidated by means of an energy beam, wherein at least one object is being built by successively irradiating layers of the object in a build plane, wherein at least one part of at least one layer of the object is assigned to be irradiated by a first energy beam and at least one other part of at least one layer of the object is assigned to be irradiated by another energy beam, wherein the parts of layers are assigned to be irradiated by one of the at least two energy beams based on a Huffman coding.

Abstract: An optical communication system including a hub optical transceiver, a power splitter, and a plurality of spoke transceivers. The hub optical transceiver is configured for receiving a spectrum of wavelengths. The power splitter is coupled to the hub optical transceiver, and operates as a passive device that is configured to replicate the spectrum of wavelengths and output a plurality of replicated spectrum of wavelengths, and each replicated spectrum of wavelengths has a corresponding power that is a fraction of a total power received from the hub optical transceiver. The plurality of spoke transceivers is coupled to the power splitter and each of the plurality of spoke transceivers is configured to receive a corresponding one of the plurality of replicated spectrum of wavelengths, wherein each spoke transceiver is tunable to select a band of wavelengths that set a bandwidth for the each spoke transceiver.

Abstract: An optical device may include a communication interface and processing logic configured to receive a broadcast contention-based allocation from an optical line terminal (OLT), wherein the contention-based allocation is associated with activation of the optical device in an optical network. The processing logic may also be configured to transmit a message in response to the contention-based allocation, wherein the message includes information identifying the optical device and receive, from the OLT, an assignment message or a feedback message in response to the transmitted message. The processing logic may be further configured to execute a retransmission procedure based on the assignment or feedback message indicating that a collision occurred.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices for network communications to reduce optical beat interference (OBI) in upstream communications are described. For example, a fiber node may provide a seed source to injection lock upstream laser diodes. Therefore, upstream communications from each injection locked laser diode may primarily include the wavelength associated with each seed source. The seed sources may be unique to each end device and configured to minimize OBI. That is, the upstream laser diodes may be generic, but the collected seed source may enable upstream communications at varying wavelengths. The end device may provide upstream communications by externally modulating a signal generated by the injection locked laser diode.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for wavelength allocation for bidirectional optical access. The wavelength allocation method sets a first central wavelength for the optical path terminal to perform downstream transmission to the optical network unit, and a second central wavelength for the optical network unit to perform upstream transmission to the optical network terminal. At this time, the first center wavelength and the second center wavelength are separated by a predetermined wavelength interval, and the first center wavelength is set larger than the second center wavelength.

Abstract: A system for routing signals in a Distributed Antenna System (DAS) includes one or more local Digital Access Units (DAUs) located at a local location and one or more remote DAUs located at one or more remote locations. Each of the one or more local DAUs includes an optical port coupled to an upstream unit. The upstream unit includes at least one of a repeater, a baseband unit, a Base Transceiver Station (BTS), or a DAU. The one or more remote DAUs are coupled to the one or more local DAUs via one or more optical cables. A distance between the local location and each of the one or more remote locations is greater than two kilometers.

Abstract: An apparatus for generating a broadband single-sideband signal based on a laser diode includes a first optical coupler configured to receive an optical carrier signal to divide the optical carrier signal into signals corresponding to a plurality of paths, a hybrid coupler configured to perform Hilbert transform on a radio frequency (RF) signal, a first slave laser and a second slave laser each configured to modulate optical output powers of the divided optical carrier signals by using a Hilbert-transformed RF signal, and a second optical coupler configured to receive an optical output power-modulated optical carrier signal to output a single-sideband signal.

Abstract: A system for data transport in a Distributed Antenna System (DAS) includes a plurality of remote Digital Access Units (DAUs) located at a Remote location. The plurality of remote DAUs are coupled to each other and operable to transport digital signals between the plurality of remote DAUs. The system also includes a plurality of central hubs. Each of the plurality of central hubs is in communication with one of the remote DAUs using an electrical communications path. The system further includes a plurality of transmit/receive cells. Each of the plurality of transmit/receive cells includes a plurality of remote hubs. Each of the remote hubs in one of the plurality of transmit/receive cells is in communication with one of the plurality of central hubs using an optical communications path.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices for network communications to reduce optical beat interference (OBI) in upstream communications are described. For example, a fiber node may provide a seed source to injection lock upstream laser diodes. Therefore, upstream communications from each injection locked laser diode may primarily include the wavelength associated with each seed source. The seed sources may be unique to each end device and configured to minimize OBI. That is, the upstream laser diodes may be generic, but the collected seed source may enable upstream communications at varying wavelengths. The end device may provide upstream communications by externally modulating a signal generated by the injection locked laser diode.

Abstract: In one embodiment, an optical line terminal judges whether the optical network unit operates at a correct uplink wavelength and a correct downlink wavelength during an optical network unit activation progress; and broadcasts a wavelength configuration message if the optical network unit does not operate at the correct uplink wavelength and the correct downlink wavelength to instruct the optical network unit to tune its uplink wavelength and downlink wavelength respectively to the correct uplink wavelength and the correct downlink wavelength.

Abstract: An OLT configures combinations of wavelength pairs used for upstream and downstream signals, in a wavelength multiplexing optical communication system which performs single-core bidirectional transmission of a plurality of upstream and downstream signals, in such a way that the maximum value of the chromatic dispersion delay amount calculated from each wavelength pair is less than the maximum value of the chromatic dispersion delay amounts calculated when the combinations of wavelength pairs used for upstream and downstream signals are both allocated from the short wave side.

Abstract: A wireless station of a wireless network generates a single layer-2 frame containing multiple layer-3 packets in its payload. Each of the multiple layer-3 packets is destined to a corresponding different destination. The wireless station transmits the layer-2 frame to an access point (AP) of the wireless network. The AP receives the layer-2 frame, disassembles the payload into individual layer-3 packets, and transmits each of the individual layer-3 packets separately towards the corresponding destinations. In an embodiment, the wireless network is according to IEEE 802.11 standards, each layer-3 packet is an IP packet, and the layer-2 frame is a MAC frame.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising a signal generator configured to produce a modulation signal, a filter coupled to the signal generator and configured to filter the modulation signal to produce a cancellation signal, and a reflective semiconductor optical amplifier (RSOA) coupled to the signal generator and the filter, wherein the RSOA is configured to generate an optical signal according to a difference between the modulation signal and the cancellation signal and transmit the optical signal towards a partial reflection mirror (PRM).

Abstract: The communication system has first and second optical systems and an optical feed fiber in communication with the first optical system and arranged to convey a feeder optical signal to the second optical system. The first optical system includes a multiplexer configured to multiplex/demultiplex between a first optical line terminal signal, a second optical line terminal signal, and the feeder optical signal. The feeder optical signal includes the first optical line terminal signal and the second optical line terminal signal. The first optical line terminal signal includes a first upstream free spectral range and a first downstream free spectral range. The second optical line terminal signal includes a second upstream free spectral range and a second downstream free spectral range. The second optical system is in communication with the optical feed fiber and is configured to multiplex and demultiplex between the feeder optical signal and optical network unit signals.

Abstract: A method for activating an ONU in a multi-wavelength PON. Other ONUs may be already active and transmit upstream signals to the OLT on various upstream channels. The new ONU transmits an activation signal superimposed to such upstream signals. Since the ONU may include an uncalibrated tunable transmitter, initially the activation signal wavelength might be different from that upon which the ONU shall be activated. The activation signal optical power is lower than the other upstream signals, so as not to impair their reception at the OLT. The OLT operates the ONUs already active on the upstream channel on which the new ONU shall be activated to suspend transmission for one or more time gaps, during which the OLT detects the activation signal. This improves activation signal detection conditions, thereby allowing to increase its bitrate. An acceptable duration of the activation procedure can then be achieved.

Abstract: A data communication system comprises an optical transferring device, optical network units, and user processors. The optical transferring device splits a received optical signal into split optical signals. Each optical network unit transforms a respective split optical signal into M first electronic signals, M>1. Each user processor comprises an input mapping unit to map the respective M first electronic signals into N second electronic signals, N?M; an equalization processor to equalize the N second electronic signals and generate a set of N equalized electronic signals; a wave-front demultiplexer to perform a wave-front demultiplexing transform on the N equalized electronic signals, and output N wave-front demultiplexed signals, each of the N wave-front demultiplexed signals being a unique linear combination of the N equalized electronic signals; and an output mapping unit to map the N wave-front demultiplexed signals into at least M third digital electronic data signals.

Abstract: An analog radio over fiber (AROF) wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) system and method for reducing adjacent channel leakage ratio (ACLR) in a radio frequency signal provided by an AROF WDM system are provided. The AROF WDM system comprises a plurality of transmitters, a multiplexer, a demultiplexer, a plurality of receivers and a controller. Each transmitter is for receiving a radio frequency input signal and for modulating the radio frequency input signal onto an optical signal to obtain a modulated optical signal. The multiplexer is for receiving each modulated optical signal from the plurality of transmitters and for combining the modulated optical signals into a combined optical signal to be sent a distance over an optical fiber. The multiplexer has a pluralities of passbands with each passband having a center wavelength. The demultiplexer is for receiving the combined optical signal and for separating the combined optical signal back into the individual modulated optical signals.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide a method and an apparatus for virtualizing a passive optical network, and a passive optical network virtualization system. The method includes: receiving a virtualized passive optical network creation message, where the virtualized passive optical network creation message includes an ID of a to-be-created VPON and at least one wavelength flow identifier ?-flow ID; and establishing, according to the VPON ID and the at least one ?-flow ID, a communication connection relationship with at least one optical network unit in the virtualized passive optical network identified by the VPON ID. According to the method provided by the embodiments of the present invention, on one hand, complex networking performed to deal with different application scenarios is avoided.

Abstract: The present disclosure discloses a method and device for channel switching, an Optical Network Unit (ONU) and a system for Time Wavelength Division Multiplexing (TWDM). The method for channel switching includes that: an ONU acquires channel information of a first TWDM channel, wherein the channel information of the first TWDM channel is used for indicating an uplink wavelength and/or downlink wavelength of the first TWDM channel; and the ONU tunes the uplink wavelength and/or downlink wavelength of the ONU into the uplink wavelength and/or downlink wavelength of the first TWDM channel according to the channel information of the first TWDM channel. By means of the present disclosure, the problem of high cost caused by specially building a standby channel for each TWDM channel in a system for TWDM Passive Optical Network (PON) to provide service protection is solved, and the cost of deploying the TWDM PON system is reduced.

Abstract: An optical communication system to automatically configure remote optical nodes. The optical communication system comprising a core router configured to transmit a control optical signal at a control transmit wavelength. The optical communication system further comprising one or more remote optical nodes configured to receive the control optical signal at the control transmit wavelength and to transmit an attach request at the control transmit wavelength to the core router. The core router is further configured to receive the attach request and to assign an Internet Protocol (IP) address, a data transmit wavelength, and a mode to the remote optical nodes. The remote optical node are further configured to tune to the assigned data transmit wavelength and operate in the assigned mode.

Abstract: Systems and methods for optical narrowcasting are provided for transmitting various types of content. Optical narrowcasting content indicative of the presence of additional information along with identifying information may be transmitted. The additional information (which may include meaningful amounts of advertising information, media, or any other content) may also be transmitted as optical narrowcasting content. Elements of an optical narrowcasting system may include optical transmitters and optical receivers which can be configured to be operative at distances ranging from, e.g., 400 meters to 1200 meters. Moreover, the elements can be implemented on a miniaturized scale in conjunction with small, user devices such as smartphones, thereby also realizing optical ad-hoc networking, as well as interoperability with other types of data networks. Optically narrowcast content can be used to augment a real-world experience, enhance and/or spawn new forms of social-media and media content.

Abstract: A passive optical network includes one or more multi-service terminals each having a housing and a plurality of ruggedized plug-receiving distribution ports accessible from outside the housing. The multi-service terminals also each include an optical power splitter or wave division multiplexer for splitting an optical signal and directing the split signal to the plug-receiving distribution ports. Some of the multi-service terminals provide a different power split ratio from others of the multi-service terminals.

Abstract: The communication system has first and second optical systems and an optical feed fiber in communication with the first optical system and arranged to convey a feeder optical signal to the second optical system. The first optical system includes a multiplexer configured to multiplex/demultiplex between a first optical line terminal signal, a second optical line terminal signal, and the feeder optical signal. The feeder optical signal includes the first optical line terminal signal and the second optical line terminal signal. The first optical line terminal signal includes a first upstream free spectral range and a first downstream free spectral range. The second optical line terminal signal includes a second upstream free spectral range and a second downstream free spectral range. The second optical system is in communication with the optical feed fiber and is configured to multiplex and demultiplex between the feeder optical signal and optical network unit signals.

Abstract: Systems and methods for data transport, including receiving one or more signals into a reconfigurable and flexible rate shared rate multi-transponder network architecture, wherein the network architecture includes one or more transponders with multiple line side interfaces and one or more client side interfaces. The transponders are configured to map one or more signals to multiple parallel Virtual Ethernet Links, remove idle characters from the one or more signals, buffer one or more blocks of characters using an intermediate block buffer, activate and deactivate one or more portions of input/output electrical lanes of an Ethernet module, multiplex and demultiplex the one or more signals to and from the input/output electrical lanes to enable sharing of a single optical transceiver by multiple independent signals, and insert blocks of idle characters to enable transmission over a lower rate transmission pipe.

Abstract: An optical network node includes first and second node inputs receiving first and second multiplexed optical signals, respectively. The optical network node includes node outputs, each outputting a separate replicated or demultiplexed optical signal. The optical network node includes a first optical power splitter having a first splitter input connected to the first node input and first splitter outputs connected to the node outputs. The optical network node includes a second optical power splitter having a second splitter input connected to the second node input and second splitter outputs connected to the node outputs. The optical network node includes an arrayed waveguide grating having a grating input connected to the first node input and grating outputs connected to the node outputs, the arrayed waveguide grating demultiplexing the first multiplexed optical signal, when the first multiplexed optical signal is wavelength division multiplexed.

Abstract: A visible ray communication system and method that improve transmission rate and remove an influence of inter-color interference to improve the communication quality. A transmission apparatus included in the visible ray communication system allocates each carrier signal component of an OFDM signal, which is modulated into transmission information, to a plurality of LEDs of different colors. The information is added to a combination of a carrier frequency and an LED wavelength, when a carrier signal is allocated to an, in addition to each carrier signal being modulated into the information.

Abstract: An improved active antenna system is distinguished inter alia by the following features: comprising a first antenna group (5) which is provided for transmitting and receiving operation, comprising a second antenna group (10) which is provided for receiving operation, the two antenna groups (5, 10) are arranged above one another, and the supply network (N11, N12) of the first antenna group (5) has an amplitude distribution which is frequency-dependent, i.e. dependent on a transmitting and a receiving frequency.

Abstract: A data transmission technique where high speed data is transmitted differentially in a forward channel by way of a serial link, and relatively low speed data is differentially modulated onto the forward channel signal for transmission in a reverse channel via the link. By utilizing differential modulation in both forward and reverse channels, the resulting signal has a common mode voltage that is substantially constant, resulting in low EM!. The spectral content of the signal associated with the high speed data may be substantially non-overlapping with the spectral content of the signal associated with the low speed data. This facilitates the recovery of the high speed data and low speed data with minimal interference. The differential signaling lends itself for communicating data via an inexpensive medium, such as twisted wire pair or parallel PCB traces. The data transmission technique applies to various communication network topologies: point-to-point, daisy-chain, and point-to-multiple points.

Abstract: This invention relates to provisioning wavelength-selective switches and reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexers to minimize the bandwidth narrowing effect from the optical filters. Novel architectures and methods are disclosed that can significantly reduce bandwidth-narrowing on channels in a reconfigurable WDM network where a large number of optical filter elements are cascaded. Instead of blocking unused channels as in the prior art, unused channels are selectively provisioned depending on the state of their adjacent channels. Unused adjacent channels of an active channel are provisioned to follow the same path as the active channels. As each channels is deployed, the channel frequency is selected so as to minimize bandwidth narrowing.

Abstract: A headend communications device communicates via a network to downstream network elements, such as cable modems coupled behind optical network units, and allocates and grants timeslots for upstream transmissions from the network elements. The headend communications device has a scheduler for managing and controlling timeslot allocations in a manner avoiding interference such as optical beat interference or FM carrier collisions. The scheduler identifies two or more cable modems or like customer network elements served by the headend communications device that will cause at least a pre-determined intolerable level of interference when allocated overlapping timeslots for upstream transmissions and prevents these two or more cable modems or network elements from being allocated and granted overlapping timeslots.

Abstract: A system for routing signals in a Distributed Antenna System includes a plurality of local Digital Access Units (DAUs) located at a Local location. Each of the plurality of local DAUs is coupled to each other and operable to route signals between the plurality of local DAUs. Each of the plurality of local DAUs includes one or more Base Transceiver Station (BTS) RF connections. Each of the plurality of BTS RF connections is operable to be coupled to one of one or more sectors of a BTS. The system also includes a plurality of remote DAUs located at a Remote location. The plurality of remote DAUs are coupled to each other and operable to transport signals between the plurality of remote DAUs.

Abstract: An arrangement at a Remote Node, a Remote Node, a Central Office, a WDM-PON and a method in an arrangement at a Remote Node, and a method in a Central Office are provided for supervision of the WDM-PON. The arrangement comprises at least one filter connected to the feeder fiber links and adapted to separate a data signal and an original OTDR signal received on either of the feeder fiber links. Further, the arrangement comprises a first splitter adapted to receive, from the at least one filter, the original OTDR signal, to split the original OTDR signal into a plurality of OTDR sub-signals and to output, to an N*M AWG, the plurality of OTDR sub-signals. The at least one filter is further adapted to output the original OTDR signal to the first splitter and to output the data signal to the AWG, thereby enabling supervision of the WDM-PON.

Abstract: The present application provides a wavelength configuration method for a multi-wavelength passive optical network, which includes: scanning, by an ONU, a downstream receiving wavelength, and receiving, downstream wavelength information of each downstream wavelength channel that is broadcast by an OLT separately through each downstream wavelength channel of a multi-wavelength PON system; establishing, by the ONU, a downstream receiving wavelength mapping table, where an entry of the downstream receiving wavelength mapping table includes downstream receiving wavelength information, drive current information of a downstream optical receiver and receiving optical physical parameter information of the ONU; selecting, by the ONU, one downstream wavelength from the downstream wavelength information broadcast by the OLT, and setting, according to the drive current information of the downstream optical receiver recorded in a related entry of the downstream receiving wavelength mapping table, an operating wavelength of

Abstract: The disclosure provides a long-distance box and a method for processing uplink light and downlink light of the long-distance box, uplink light and downlink light from different Passive Optical Network (PON) systems are split, the uplink light from the different PON systems is transmitted through a first optical path, and the downlink light from the different PON systems is transmitted through a second optical path; wherein the uplink light from the different PON systems is amplified by an Optical Amplifier (OA) and then output to Optical Line Terminals (OLT) of respective systems; the downlink light from different PON systems with the different wavelengths is transmitted through different optical sub-paths of the second optical path according to the wavelengths of the downlink light, and the downlink light is amplified by different Optical-Electrical-Optical (OEO) conversion devices on the different optical sub-paths and then output to Optical Network Units (ONUs) of the respective systems.

Abstract: A system comprising a first optical line terminal (OLT) comprising a first integrated optical network unit (ONU), and a first OLT transceiver, and a second OLT coupled to the first OLT, wherein the second OLT comprises a second integrated ONU, and a second OLT transceiver. Included is a first OLT comprising an optical transceiver, at least one processor coupled to the optical transceiver, wherein the processor working in conjunction with the optical transceiver is configured to determine an upstream wavelength corresponding to a second OLT, join, via a first ONU in the first OLT, the second OLT using the upstream wavelength corresponding to the second OLT, and transmit data to the second OLT by the first OLT via the first ONU, wherein the second OLT comprises a second ONU.

Abstract: An RF hardline coaxial cable plant to facilitate voice and/or data services to subscriber premises in one or more neighborhood nodes of a cable communication system by conveying upstream information over an upstream path bandwidth. One or more upstream radio frequency (RF) signals have a carrier frequency of between approximately 5 MHz and 19.6 MHz and are modulated using quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) with voice and/or data information constituting at least some of the upstream information. An example RF signal defines a channel having an average channel power, and a highest value for an average noise power between 5 MHz and 19.6 MHz in the upstream path bandwidth of a given neighborhood node, as measured over at least a 24 hour period, is at least 25 decibels (dB) below the average channel power and/or less than 20 decibels (dB) above a noise floor associated with the neighborhood node.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and computer-readable media can facilitate digitizing a broadcast transmission and transporting the digitized broadcast transmission along with one or more digitized narrowcast transmissions to a subscriber. In embodiments, a digitized broadcast transmission and one or more digitized narrowcast transmissions can be separately demodulated and the transmissions can be combined at one or more receiving nodes. In embodiments, a digitized broadcast transmission can be combined with one or more digitized narrowcast transmissions. Lossless compression and de-compression techniques can be used to optimally transport digitized broadcast and narrowcast signals.

Abstract: An optical line terminal (OLT) comprises a receiver configured to receive a first message, a processor coupled to the receiver and configured to process the first message, and generate a second message based on the first message, wherein the second message comprises an identification (ID) structure identifying a traffic-bearing entity associated with an optical network unit (ONU), and wherein the ID structure comprises a wavelength ID field, and a transmitter coupled to the processor and configured to transmit the second message.

Abstract: One or more overlay wavelengths are applied to a GPON architecture to provide sufficient, cost-effective forward bandwidth per home for targeted, unique narrowcast services to allow traditional HFC operators to use a PON architecture with their existing HFC equipment. A separate return path capability using a separate coaxial cable with RF signals to the GPON may also be used. This return capability may be provided either by a fiber optic link or coaxial link from the home.

Abstract: A method is provided for provisioning time-varying traffic demands in an optical transport software-defined network. The method includes pre-provisioning an amount of bandwidth for best effort traffic. The method further includes iteratively applying, using a processor, an iterative simulated annealing-based traffic provisioning procedure to determine candidate bandwidths for the best effort traffic in a set of iterations. The method also includes selecting a particular candidate bandwidth that has a corresponding blocking value lower than a given blocking requirement ? and that requires a minimum amount of spectrum as compared to other candidate bandwidths. The iteratively applying step includes varying the amount of bandwidth for best effort traffic in each iteration to determine the candidate bandwidths.

Abstract: A technique for providing time division multiplexing (“TDM”) and wavelength division multiplexing (“WDM”) communication services to customer premises (“CP”) over a passive optical network (“PON”) includes multiplexing a downstream TDM signal with downstream WDM signals onto a fiber trunk line coupled between a central office and a remote node (“RN”), separating the downstream WDM signals from the downstream TDM signal at the RN with a wavelength selective filter, power splitting the downstream TDM signal at the RN onto a plurality of fiber access lines as split TDM signals; and recombining each of the WDM signals with a corresponding one of the split TDM signals onto a corresponding one of the fiber access lines.

Abstract: A method for communicating in a passive optical network (PON), includes receiving traffic from a plurality of optical network units (ONUs) transmitting in an upstream transmission channel, wherein each of the ONUs may transmit at any wavelength within a wavelength band associated with the upstream transmission channel. The method also includes dividing the upstream transmission channel into a plurality of sub-channels, that each include a subset of the wavelength band associated with the upstream transmission channel. The method further includes determining the identity of each of the plurality of ONUs transmitting in each of the sub-channels, assigning a plurality of ONUs transmitting in the upstream transmission channel to each of at least two of the sub-channels based on the determination of the ONUs transmitting in that sub-channel, and allocating transmission timeslots for time-shared transmission by the ONUs in one or more of the sub-channels.

Abstract: One or more overlay wavelengths are applied to a GPON architecture to provide sufficient, cost-effective forward bandwidth per home for targeted, unique narrowcast services to allow traditional HFC operators to use a PON architecture with their existing HFC equipment. A separate return path capability using a separate coaxial cable with RF signals to the GPON may also be used. This return capability may be provided either by a fiber optic link or coaxial link from the home.

Abstract: An optical network has an optical line termination coupled to a backbone network, in particular to an optical long haul network and a local exchange coupled to an optical access network. The local exchange provides an optical connection between an optical network unit of a tree topology and the optical line termination, which is part of a ring topology. There is also described a method for processing data in such an optical network.

Abstract: A method for data processing in an optical network includes providing several main wavelengths and processing a subcarrier modulation for the several main wavelengths. An optical network component and a communication system including such an optical network component are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention is an optical terminal device comprising a signal modulator configured to generate a first signal modulated onto a first optical sideband of a first optical wavelength signal and a second signal modulated onto a second sideband of the first optical wavelength signal, the first signal being a different type than the second signal; a receiver configured to receive a third signal modulated onto the first optical sideband of a second optical wavelength signal and a fourth signal modulated onto a second sideband of the second optical wavelength signal, the third signal being a different type than the fourth signal; and a circulator coupled to the signal modulator and the receiver, wherein the circulator is configured to communicate with a node of an integrated network via an optical fiber. A remote node, a communication terminal, and a method of performing integrated network access are also disclosed.