Abstract: A wavelength-selectable laser device generally includes an array of laser emitters and a filtered external cavity for filtering light emitted from the laser emitters and reflecting different wavelengths back to each of the laser emitters such that lasing occurs at different wavelengths for each of the laser emitters. Each laser emitter includes a gain region that emits light across a plurality of wavelengths including, for example, channel wavelengths in an optical communication system. The filtered external cavity may include a dispersive optical element that receives the light from each of the laser emitters at different angles and passes or reflects different wavelengths of the light at different angles such that only wavelengths associated with the respective laser emitters are reflected back to the respective laser emitters. By selectively emitting light from one or more of the laser emitters, one or more channel wavelengths may be selected for lasing and transmission.

Abstract: A wavelength-selectable laser device providing spatially-selectable wavelength(s) may be used to select one or more wavelengths for lasing in a tunable transmitter or transceiver, for example, in a wavelength division multiplexed (WDM) optical system such as a WDM passive optical network (PON). The wavelength-selectable laser device uses a dispersive optical element, such as a diffraction grating, to disperse light emitted from a laser emitter and to direct different wavelengths of the light toward a reflector at different spatial positions such that the wavelengths may be selected by allowing light to be reflected from selected spatial position(s) back into the laser emitter. Thus, the reflected light with a wavelength at the selected spatial position(s) is allowed to complete the laser cavity.

Abstract: A system and communication method for the system interconnecting the optical network with the radio communication network is provided. The solution mainly applies to an optical access network employing fiber for transmission and the radio communication network connected to the optical access network, wherein a base station of the radio communication network is connected to the optical access network and communicates to an entity in the optical access network to achieve interconnection between the optical network and the radio communication network. After the interconnection is established, a user equipment can enjoy communication services through the interconnected radio communication network and the optical network.

Abstract: Technology to provide linked control of bandwidth allocation to a plurality of optical network units among the plural wavelengths by a bandwidth allocation section coupled to the plural optical network units.

Abstract: An optical line terminal calculates a requirement threshold for each optical subscriber unit based on a difference between the time average allocated bandwidth of each optical subscriber unit and the target bandwidth, and notifies a corresponding optical subscriber unit of the calculated requirement threshold. The corresponding optical subscriber unit then notifies, based on the data amount accumulated in a buffer, the optical line terminal of a data amount, as a transmission requirement, up to a data separation that is less or equal to the notified requirement threshold and in which a maximum transmission amount can be transmitted. The optical line terminal then notifies the corresponding optical subscriber unit of a transmission permission amount in which the data equal to the transmission requirement of which the optical line terminal is notified can be transmitted. The corresponding optical subscriber unit then transmits the data amount corresponding to the transmission permission amount.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are described for “Smart” RF over Glass (RFoG) CPE Unit with Seamless PON Upgrade Capability. A method includes operating a customer premises equipment device including transporting upstream cable return services with a laser; and switching a drive source for the upstream laser from an analog driver to a digital driver by using a managed electrical switch to reuse a wavelength of the laser. An apparatus includes a customer premises equipment device including a laser for transporting upstream cable return services; and a managed electrical switch coupled to the laser that is used to switch a drive source for the upstream laser to reuse a wavelength of the laser.

Abstract: According to a method of reducing power in an optical access network, upon the application of power, an optical network terminal (ONT) operates normally in an activation mode. The ONT then determines whether the requirements for switching from activation mode to power-saving mode are satisfied. If the requirements are satisfied, the ONT transmits a sleep signal to an optical line terminal (OLT), which is a message notifying that the ONT will soon switch to power-saving mode. Thereafter, the ONT switches to power-saving mode and cuts off power for all functions except for power for monitoring and controlling external inputs. The ONT then determines whether the requirements for switching from power-saving mode to activation mode are satisfied. If the requirements are satisfied, the ONT transmits a wake-up signal to the OLT and switches to the activation mode for normal operation.

Abstract: An optical transmission system is provided. The optical transmission system includes a user side optical repeater device, a central office side optical repeater device, and wavelength multiplexing and wavelength de-multiplexing functions. The user side optical repeater device is to be connected with a user side optical network unit, transmits data in two ways, and is used for wavelength division multiplexing. The central office side optical repeater device is to be connected with a central office side optical line terminal, transmits data in two ways, and is used for wavelength division multiplexing. The wavelength multiplexing and wavelength de-multiplexing functions are used for relaying between the user side optical repeater device and the central office side optical repeater device.

Abstract: ONU 2A for P-P includes a signal-type discriminating unit 22A that discriminates whether a type of a downstream signal transmitted from OLT is for the P-P or not, and outputs an enable/disable control signal that controls an optical transmitter to an enable state or a disable state, and a control unit 21 that controls the optical transmitter to the enable state or the disable state according to the enable/disable control signal, wherein the signal-type discriminating unit 22A outputs to the control unit 21 a disable control signal that controls the optical transmitter to the disable state under an initial state before the type of the downstream signal is discriminated, and outputs to the control unit 21 an enable control signal that controls the optical transmitter to the enable state after the downstream signal is discriminated to be for the P-P.

Abstract: An OLT, which is one of the embodiments of the present invention, is provided with: an allocation request receiving unit that receives a bandwidth allocation request from each of 1G-ONUs and each of 10G-ONUs; an allocation execution unit that allocates to each of the ONUs a time slot for data transmission in accordance with an allocation rule based on fairness in time allocation or an allocation rule based on fairness in throughput allocation; and an allocation result notification unit that notifies each of the ONUs of information regarding the time slot.

Abstract: A passive optical network is disclosed that enables burst mode operation without some of the disadvantages for doing so in the prior art. An embodiment of the present invention comprises a receiver that receives optical signals from transmitters of a plurality of optical network units. For each transmission from an optical network unit, the receiver provides an output signal based on a comparison of the optical signal and a reference voltage that is specific to that optical network unit. A digital-to-analog converter generates the reference voltage in a data rate-independent manner based on information provided to it from the control plane.

Abstract: The disclosure provides a long-distance box and a method for processing uplink/downlink light thereof. The method includes that: the uplink/downlink light (uplink light and downlink light) from different PON systems is split, and the uplink/downlink light from different PON systems is transmitted through different optical paths; and the uplink/downlink light from different PON systems is processed by long-distance boxes belonging to corresponding systems in different optical paths, and then output to the OLTs/ONUs of respective systems. By means of the method provided in the disclosure, a simple and reliable solution is provided for operators to solve the long-distance problem caused by the coexistence of multiple PON systems; furthermore, in the disclosure, modification for the system is slightest, reliability of the system is highest, and an efficiency of the system is highest, so that time and cost are saved for the operators.

Abstract: A method of managing forward error correction (FEC) initialization and auto-negotiation in ethernet passive optical networks includes receiving FEC data from an optical network unit (ONU), and the optical line terminal (OLT) responds to the ONU with FEC data. Upon receiving data not forward error corrected from an ONU, the OLT responds with data not coded for FEC. Similarly, upon receiving forward error corrected data from the OLT, the ONU responds with forward error corrected data; and upon receiving data not forward error corrected from the OLT, the ONU responds with data not forward error corrected. The communications quality from the ONU is monitored, if the communications quality is not sufficient, the OLT transmits forward error corrected data to the ONU; otherwise, the OLT transmits non-FEC data to the ONU.

Abstract: Optical networks interconnect a plurality of optical network units (ONUs) to an optical line terminal (OLT). The OLT comprises a plurality of optical transceivers that are wavelength division multiplexed and connected to a WDM metro network. The metro network is configured to facilitate communication of a plurality of wavelengths between the OLT and local nodes, the local nodes including a wavelength sharing network configured to connect at least one of the wavelengths communicated with the OLT to a plurality of feeder fibers. The feeder fibers connect the wavelength sharing network to remote nodes that comprise WDM devices that have pluralities of output ports. An optical combiner allows the first and second ONUs to share the same transceiver in the OLT.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for enabling multiple optical line termination (OLT) devices to share a feeder fiber are disclosed. For example, the optical network comprises a plurality of optical line termination (OLT) devices, where each OLT device having a transceiver for sending and receiving optical signals. The optical network further comprises a wave division multiplexer (WDM) combiner, coupled to the plurality of OLT devices, for combining optical signals received from the plurality of OLT devices. The optical network further comprises an optical extender box comprising at least one hybrid SOA-Raman amplifier, wherein the optical extender box is coupled to the WDM combiner via a first standard single mode fiber section. Finally, the optical network further comprises at least one optical splitter coupled to the optical extender box via a second standard single mode fiber section.

Abstract: A signal strength corresponding to an incoming optical burst from each of a plurality of optical nodes is measured. The measurements can be performed at system start-up, configuration/installation of the optical nodes and/or at certain intervals of operation of the optical nodes. Signal strength information for the optical nodes based on the measurements is stored in memory. When scheduling the optical nodes for transmission, a preferred transmission order is determined in response to the stored signal strength information. In an embodiment, the preferred order is determined to reduce differences in signal strength levels between consecutive optical bursts.

Abstract: Systems and methods for bandwidth doubling in an Ethernet passive optical network (EPON) enable an optical line terminal (OLT) to transmit downlink to at least one double rate optical network unit (ONU). The double rate transmission is preferably facilitated by use of single rate devices (OLT and ONU) functionally connected to provide the double rate capability. The methods include packet-by-packet multiplexing, bit-by-bit line code interleaving, doubling an inter-packet gap (IPG) length, defining windows of transmission for different transmission rates, using the 8B/10B code, removing the 8B/10B code from just the downlink transmission and symbol-by-symbol multiplexing is downlink transmissions from the double rate OLT.

Abstract: When a frame is received from one of PON ports 12a to 12c of ONUs 1a to 1c, an OLT 3 compares VPIDs contained in Preamble/SFD regions A of the received Ethernet® frame with VPIDs assigned to LAN ports 31 and 32 of the OLT 3. Upon coincidence, a PON MAC process is started. When a frame is received from a PON port 33 of the OLT 3, each of the ONUs 1a to 1c compares a VPID contained in a Preamble/SFD region of the received Ethernet® frame with VPIDs assigned to the ONUs 1a to 1c. Upon coincidence, a PON MAC process is started.

Abstract: The present invention provides an optical signal-selection switch module which is used in a method for simultaneous real-time status monitoring and troubleshooting of a high-capacity single-fiber hybrid passive optical network that is based on wavelength-division-multiplexing techniques.

Abstract: A method and an optical network component for data processing in an optical network. A first signal and a second signal are influenced by a tunable element. The first signal is an incoming optical signal, and the second signal is a local oscillator signal generated by a laser. The laser has an optical gain element that is tuned by the tunable element. A communication system is provided with the optical network component.

Abstract: The present invention provides a bidirectional optical signal traffic-directing and amplification module which is used in a method for simultaneous real-time status monitoring and troubleshooting of a high-capacity single-fiber hybrid passive optical network that is based on wavelength-division-multiplexing techniques.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a laser diode. The laser diode includes: a semiconductor substrate, a waveguide layer and a light wave limiting layer. The waveguide layer is disposed on the semiconductor substrate, and comprises a quantum well layer. The light wave limiting layer is disposed on a surface of the waveguide layer, and is configured to limit a light wave to be transmitted in the waveguide layer. The quantum well layer includes a plurality of quantum well regions that are disposed along a transmission direction of the light wave, and the quantum well regions respectively have gain peaks of different wavelengths. The embodiments of the present disclosure further provide a manufacturing method of a laser diode and a passive optical network system using the laser diode.

Abstract: An optical transceiver apparatus includes a gain medium, a photoelectric converter, at least one AWG, and a partial reflection mirror. The at least one AWG includes two common ports and multiple branch ports. One of the two common ports functions as a signal sending port, and the other functions as a signal receiving port, where bandwidth of the signal sending port is less than that of the signal receiving port. The gain medium and the photoelectric converter are connected to one of the branch ports of the AWG. The AWG and the partial reflection mirror are configured to cooperatively perform wavelength self-injection locking on an optical signal provided by the gain medium, and output the optical signal through the signal sending port. The AWG is further configured to demultiplex an optical signal received by the signal receiving port to a branch port. A WDM-PON system is also provided.

Abstract: A Wavelength Division Multiplexed Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access Passive Optical Network (WDM-OFDMA-PON) includes a passive last-mile optical split terminated by optical network units (ONUs) with OFDMA transceivers; a standard single mode fiber (SSMF) link; a central office optical line terminal (CO-OLT) coupled to SSMF link and the passive last-mile optical split, wherein the CO-OLT comprises an OFDMA transceiver, burst-mode-free operation, inline optical dispersion compensation free operation, and WDM-enabled operation.

Abstract: Techniques and a control architecture (apparatus and logic) are provided for an adaptive hybrid DWDM-aware computation scheme. The architecture is one that is a hybrid of a centralized control scheme and a distributed control scheme that performs adaptive physical impairment computations for an optical network. A central control server is connected to multiple client control devices each of which resides in a node in a dense wavelength division multiplexed (DWDM) optical network, wherein each client control device is part of an optical control plane associated with the optical network. The control server obtains data for path route analysis from the client control devices.

Abstract: An optical media converter system is divided into an outdoor installed optical media converter and an indoor installed unit, which are connected to each other through an electrical Ethernet cable. The indoor installed unit includes two electrical Ethernet terminations and a power source section for supplying an electrical power from indoor to outdoor. The outdoor installed optical media converter includes an optical-electric converter, optical Ethernet termination, electrical Ethernet termination, and a power source section for generating a power source by an electrical power supplied from the indoor. With the above configuration, there can be provided an optical media converter system in which the need to draw the fiber-optic cable into a home can be eliminated, cost involved in a wiring work can be reduced, and a circuit design thereof is advantageous in cost reduction.

Abstract: A method for processing traffic in an optical network. The optical network includes a transport network with a first fiber and a second fiber, wherein traffic over the first and second fibers is conveyed in opposite directions. A first traffic is branched off from the first fiber towards an optical entity and the first traffic is processed at the optical entity. A second traffic is fed from the optical entity onto the second fiber. There is also described a corresponding optical network.

Abstract: Disclosed is a wavelength division multiplexing passive optical network for simultaneously providing a broadcasting service and a data service by employing a broadband light source, which uses mutually injected Fabry-Perot laser diodes, as well as a central office used for the same.

Abstract: A system for generating an optical CATV comb comprising a plurality of wavelength division multiplexed (WDM) optical CATV signals. A set of one or more lasers generate a plurality of narrow-band continuous wave (CW) lights, each CW light having a respective predetermined wavelength and optical power level. An optical MUX couples the plurality of CW lights into a WDM continuous wave light. A broadband optical modulator responsive to a CATV signal modulates the WDM continuous wave light to generate the optical CATV comb.

Abstract: In an optical communication system that communicates between an optical line terminal (OLT) and a plurality of optical network units (ONU), an ONU can decide an operation time period of communicating with the OLT and an idle time period of reduced or suspended communication with the OLT by using a timer. The OLT can decide a software renewal time period based on the operation time period and the idle time period. Accordingly, the ONU can supply electrical power to its own communication circuit during the operation time period or the software renewal time period, or cut off or reduce the electrical power if a present time does not occur in either the operation time period or the software renewal time period.

Abstract: Wireless communication systems are provided including a transmitter and a receiver. The transmitter is configured to transmit a first polarized signal and a second polarized signal to the receiver, and in accordance with an instruction from the receiver, halt transmission of the second polarized signal. The receiver is configured to receive the polarized signals from the transmitter, determine whether or not the reception quality of the second polarized signal is below a threshold, and if so, instruct the transmitter to halt transmission of the second polarized signal.

Abstract: A system and method for power saving in IEEE 802-style and ITU-T G.984-style networks overcomes the limitations of conventional techniques using information from user and network devices for initiating power savings by the user or network device, enabling power savings on links such as optical networks. This innovative technique provides a system and method for communications between user and network devices, facilitating either the user or network device initiating a sleep mode for the user device. The implementation of a sleep mode in a device allows powering down of the device's transmitter and receiver for a specified length of time, during which the transmitter and receiver (also referred to as the physical interface of the device) consume diminished power.

Abstract: A distribution node of a passive optical network (PON) comprises a first port for receiving a first optical continuous envelope modulated downstream data signal at a first wavelength (?C) from a first optical line termination unit (OLT1) and a second port for receiving a second optical continuous envelope modulated downstream data signal at a second wavelength (?L) from a second optical line termination unit (OLT2). A first converter (FBG-1) performs continuous envelope modulation-to-intensity modulation conversion of the first optical downstream data signal and forwards the converted first optical downstream data signal (?C) to the first group of optical network units (ONU1 . . . N). A second converter (FBG-2) performs continuous envelope modulation-to-intensity modulation conversion of the second optical downstream data signal and forwards the converted second optical downstream data signal (?L) to the second group of optical network units (ONUN+1 . . . 2N).

Abstract: A passive optical network (PON) system supporting wireless communication includes an optical line terminal (OLT) configured on a central office, an optical distribution network (ODN), and a plurality of optical network units (ONUs) respectively configured on user ends. The ODN is connected to the OLT and the ONUs in a one-to-many manner. The OLT sends a downstream optical signal to the ODN, and receives an upstream optical signal. The ODN circularly guides the optical signal to each ONU. Each ONU receives and reflects the downstream optical signal, processes the received downstream optical signal, receives and processes the upstream optical signal, carries an electrical signal to be uploaded into the upstream optical signal, and carries data received by a remote antenna into the upstream optical signal. Through the above architecture, the PON system supports wireless communication.

Abstract: A method, apparatus and system for aligning frames in which an Optical Network Unit (ONU) receives a frame comprising frame delimitation information and synchronization-related information; performs a first verification based on a comparison of the frame delimitation information and a fixed pattern; performs a second verification based on a comparison of the synchronization-related information and a value associated with synchronization-related information in a previously received frame; proceeds to a synchronization state if both the first verification and the second verification are successful; and returns to a hunt state if either the first verification or the second verification fails.

Abstract: One embodiment provides an EPON for transporting RF signals. The system includes a reference clock, an ONU, and an OLT. The ONU includes a mechanism for receiving a frequency and phase-reference signal from the OLT, a mechanism for receiving an RF signal, an ADC for converting the RF signal into a digital signal using a sampling signal associated with the frequency and phase-reference signal, a mechanism for assembling at least a portion of the digital signal into a packet, a mechanism configured to timestamp the packet, and an optical transceiver. The OLT includes a mechanism for receiving the packet, a buffer, a delay mechanism configured to delay reading the received packet from the buffer for a predetermined amount of time, and a DAC for converting the digital signal included in the packet back to RF domain using a clock signal associated with the frequency and phase-reference signal.

Abstract: An optical network (10) comprising an optical network element (12) comprising a first optical transmitter (14), a first controller (16), an optical receiver (18), a second optical transmitter (22), a second controller (24) and optical receiver apparatus (26). Said first controller is arranged to control said first optical transmitter to generate and transmit a first optical signal in response no second optical signal being detected. Said first controller is arranged to iteratively generate and transmit said first optical signal at different wavelengths of a plurality of wavelengths until said second optical signal is detected, and is further arranged to subsequently maintain generation and transmission of said first optical signal at said wavelength at which said second optical signal is detected. Said second controller is arranged to control said second optical transmitter to generate and transmit said second optical signal following detection of said first optical signal by said optical receiver apparatus.

Abstract: An optical network component, architecture and method for a wavelength division multiplexed passive optical network includes a band coupler configured to demultiplex first and second wavelength division multiplexed content transmitted from an optical line terminal into a first band signal and a second band signal. An arrayed wavelength grating is configured to receive the first band signal and to further demultiplex the first band signal into different wavelengths to provide a plurality of wavelength signals. An optical splitter is configured to split the second band signal into sub-signals and multiplex the sub-signals with each of the wavelength signals such that the first and second wavelength division multiplexed content is provided on a single wavelength to a user.

Abstract: Provided is a point-to-multipoint optical communication system capable of extending a transmission distance between a subscriber apparatus and a station apparatus without changing wavelengths of an upstream optical signal and a downstream optical signal, which are used in both of the apparatuses. The point-to-multipoint optical communication system includes, as a basic configuration thereof, an optical network for connecting one station apparatus (1) to a plurality of (n) subscriber apparatuses (4). Among m basic configurations, one station-side wavelength multiplexer/demultiplexer (22), one optical fiber transmission line (30), and one subscriber-side wavelength multiplexer/demultiplexer (12) are shared. The point-to-multipoint optical communication system further includes a station-side repeating unit (20) and a subscriber-side repeating unit (10) each including the one wavelength multiplexer/demultiplexer (22 or 12) and m wavelength converters (21 or 11).

Abstract: In a passive optical network system, a parent station includes a reception circuit that receives an optical signal from each of child stations using a threshold used to identify if the optical signal is 0 or 1; a bandwidth setting unit that determines a time at which each child station sends an optical signal; a storage unit that stores thresholds and intensities of optical signals received from the child stations; and a control unit that sets a threshold, stored corresponding to a sending time, in the reception circuit to control a reception of an optical signal. The control unit has a function that compares an intensity of a signal received from each child station at an optical signal reception time with information stored in the storage unit to detect and determine a fault in the child station or in the optical fiber connected to the child station.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a transmission device of a low-noise optical signal having a low-noise multi-wavelength light source, a transmission device of broadcast signals using a low-noise multi-wavelength light source, and an optical access network having the same. The present invention uses a low-noise multi-wavelength light source (LMLS) which has sufficiently low noises at respective wavelengths, while being lasing at a multi-wavelength. Noises at respective wavelengths are not increased, even though an output light of such an LMLS passes through a wavelength division multiplexer/demultiplexer (a tunable optical filter or an arrayed waveguide grating (AWG), etc.). When using an LMLS, it is possible to embody an optical access network capable of transmitting optical signals at a high-speed and simultaneously transmitting a multicast signal. Further, when embodying an optical amplifier by using a gain medium for an LMLS, it is possible to obtain gain at a broad band without cross-coupling.

Abstract: In a WDM-PON system wherein a plurality of ONUs transfer signals by sharing wavelengths, one wavelength dedicated to a ranging procedure is set, and the ranging is performed with only the dedicated wavelength, so as to measure reciprocating delay times. At the other wavelengths, transmission signals from a plurality of ONUs are transferred in time division multiplexing based on the obtained reciprocating delay times. An OLT includes a burst receiver circuit for only the wavelength dedicated to the ranging, and subsequently to the ranging, the OLT adjusts transmission amplitudes and transmission phases for the ONUs, so as to equalize received amplitudes and received phases in the OLT. For this purpose, the OLT includes means for measuring the amplitudes and phases of received signals, as the burst receiver circuit, and it includes a table for managing the received amplitudes and received phases of the respective ONUs.

Abstract: There is provided an abnormal light cut-off system in which even when a high power light is inputted from an optical fiber connected to a user side apparatus by a malicious user or an accident, a trouble rate is low, the abnormal light is cut off at high sensitivity, and security is high.

Abstract: A passive optical network is provided, which includes an optical central office connected to a line termination device by a branch of the network including a passive amplification medium. The central office is adapted to send/receive a first data optical signal and has a first amplifier for sending a second amplification optical signal. The second signal exciting the amplification medium to amplify the optical power of an optical signal. The line termination device is adapted to receive the first optical signal, modulate the second amplification optical signal; and inject the modulated second signal into the network.

Abstract: Various example embodiments are disclosed. According to an example embodiment, a dual split passive optical network (PON) may be provided that includes an optical splitting device, and a first and second distribution fibers connected to the optical splitting device. A first cyclic AWG may be coupled to the optical splitting device via the first distribution fiber and a second cyclic AWG may be coupled to the optical splitting device via the second distribution fiber. In other example embodiments, an asymmetric power splitting ratio may be used for the splitting device, or optical seeds and/or optical data signals may be allocated to each of the cyclic AWGs based on a performance of the optical data signals and/or power loss/attenuation of the respective distribution fibers.

Abstract: Methods and systems for processing communication signals in an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA)-Passive Optical Network (PON) are disclosed. An optical carrier at a wavelength generated at an optical line terminal (OLT) may be reused by optical network units (ONUs) in the network for upstream transmission of data signals to the OLT. In addition, each ONU may perform carrier suppression to avoid broadband beating noise resulting from the simultaneous transmission of upstream data signals on the same wavelength. Further, the optical source at the OLT used to generate the optical carrier may be reused as a local oscillator for coherent detection of received upstream signals to minimize any frequency offsets.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for implementing a hybrid SOA-Raman amplifier in a central office in order to enable multiple passive optical networks to share one or more enhancement service sources, e.g., to share a source for a broadcast service are disclosed.

Abstract: A communication system has a plurality of nodes adapted to provide for a communication with one or more devices, a central node, a passive optical network having a multiplexer/demultiplexer device adapted to demultiplex a first optical signal from the central node to the plurality of nodes, and to multiplex second optical signals from one or more of the nodes, each node having allocated a wavelength for generating its optical signal, wherein for directly transmitting signals from one node to at least one of the other nodes, the one node is adapted to generate an optical signal at the wavelength allocated to the at least one of the other nodes, the optical signal including the signal to be transmitted, and wherein the multiplexer/demultiplexer device of the passive optical network is adapted to combine the optical signal from the one node with the first optical signal.

Abstract: The invention is directed to an optical network terminal (ONT) for use in a passive optical network (PON) that provides reliable battery status reporting and, optionally, remote monitoring and configuration of an uninterruptible power supply (UPS) unit. In particular, the UPS unit provides power to the ONT via a power line and transmits data to the ONT via the power line. Generally, the described invention supports one-way or two-way communication of status, alarm, and configuration signals using a single power line. Specifically, such signals may be transmitted over the power line by inserting a carrier frequency, such as a carrier frequency of approximately 1 MHz, onto the power line. In this manner, the invention may provide a simple battery status monitoring system while also reducing the cost of installation.

Abstract: A wireless communication network system includes a central office network, a plurality of cell sites, each for communicating wirelessly with external cellular phones within its transmission range, and a passive optical network (PON)-based wireless backhaul system that transfers communication information between the cell sites and the central office network. The PON-based wireless backhaul system further includes at least a source optical network terminal (ONT), an optical line terminal (OLT), and a quality of service (QoS) converter in each of the source ONT and OLT to allow for quality of service-enabled communication between the cell sites and the central office network via the PON-based wireless backhaul system.