Abstract: A cutting insert may include a first surface, a second surface, a third surface and a cutting edge. The first surface may include a corner, a first side, a first inclined surface located along the corner, a second inclined surface located further inside than the first inclined surface, a third inclined surface located along the first side, a fourth inclined surface located further inside the first surface than the third inclined surface, and a protruded part located further inside than the second inclined surface and the fourth inclined surface. An inclination angle of the protruded part may be smaller than an inclination angle of the second inclined surface in a cross section along a bisector of the corner. The inclination angle of the protruded part may be larger than a third inclination angle in a cross section orthogonal to the first side.

Abstract: A cutting insert according to the present disclosure includes a first raised portion and a second raised portion stepped from the first raised portion, which are formed on a top surface and along a center line connecting the center of the corner portion and the center of the top surface. The first raised portion is located closer to the corner portion than the second raised portion is, and the first raised portion is inclined downwardly from the second raised portion toward the corner portion. The second raised portion is formed at a higher position from the bottom surface than the first raised portion, and a side portion connected to the first raised portion is inclined downwardly from the second raised portion toward the first and second cutting edges.

Abstract: A cutting insert may include a first surface, a second surface and a third surface. The first surface may include a corner having a convex curvilinear shape and an inclined surface. The inclined surface may include a first inclined surface, a second inclined surface and a third inclined surface. The first inclined surface may be inclined at a first angle. The second inclined surface may be inclined at a second angle. The third inclined surface may be inclined at a third angle. The first inclined surface may have a concave curvilinear shape in a cross section orthogonal to a bisector of the corner. The second inclined surface may be a flat surface. The second angle may be smaller than either of the first angle and the third angle in a cross section which includes the bisector and is orthogonal to the reference plane.

Abstract: The first cutting insert is attached to a first pocket. The second cutting insert is attached to a second pocket. The third cutting insert is attached to a third pocket. The first pocket has a first seat surface, a second seat surface, a third seat surface, and a first swarf discharging groove. The second pocket has a fourth seat surface, a fifth seat surface, a sixth seat surface, and a second swarf discharging groove. The third pocket has a seventh seat surface, an eighth seat surface, a ninth seat surface, and a third swarf discharging groove. In a cross section perpendicular to an axis, an angle formed between a straight line along the sixth seat surface and a tangent of the second swarf discharging groove at a boundary between the outer circumferential surface and the second swarf discharging groove is more than 90°.

Abstract: A cutting insert 2 includes an upper surface 6, a lower surface 7 on a side opposite to the upper surface 6, and a peripheral side surface 8 connecting the upper surface 6 and the lower surface 7. A cutting edge 61 is formed in at least a part of a first ridgeline 60 where the upper surface 6 and the peripheral side surface 8 intersect. At least one bottomed recess 10 recessed from the lower surface 7 to the upper surface 6 is formed in an outer peripheral portion of the lower surface 7. Each of the recesses 10 is formed in a substantially triangular shape having a first vertex P, a second vertex Q, and a third vertex R. The first vertex P and the second vertex Q are respectively positioned on a second ridgeline 70 where the lower surface 7 and the peripheral side surface 8 intersect. The third vertex R is positioned on the lower surface 7 and separated from the second ridgeline 70.

Abstract: A cutting insert includes a first end surface and a second end surface, in which a first peripheral side surface includes a first rake surface adjacent to a first main cutting edge and a first concave surface connected to the second end surface and formed to be recessed from the first rake surface toward a central axis of a through hole, and the first concave surface has a first restraint surface provided at a position where a distance between the first restraint surface and a second main cutting edge is smaller than a distance between the central axis of the through hole and the second main cutting edge, when viewed from a direction parallel to the central axis of the through hole.

Abstract: A turning insert includes a top surface, an opposite bottom surface and a reference plane located parallel to and between the top surface and the bottom surface. A nose portion has a convex nose cutting edge, a first cutting edge and a second cutting edge. The nose cutting edge connects the first and second cutting edges. The first and second cutting edges form a nose angle (?) of 71-85° relative to each other. The nose portion includes a third convex cutting edge adjacent to the first cutting edge and a fourth cutting edge adjacent to the third convex cutting edge. The fourth cutting edge forms an angle (?) of 10-30° relative to a bisector. The distance from at least a portion of the fourth cutting edge to the reference plane increases as the distance from the nose cutting edge increases.

Abstract: An insert may include a first surface, a second surface, a ridge line located at an intersection of the first surface and the second surface. The first surface may include a first corner, a first side and a second side. The ridge line may include a corner cutting edge located on the first corner, a first cutting edge located on the first side, and a second cutting edge located on the second side. The first surface may further include a first region located from the first cutting edge toward a midportion of the first surface, a second region located from the second cutting edge toward the midportion of the first surface, and a concave part located on at least one of the first region and the second region.

Abstract: Disclosed is an indexable face milling cutting insert which comprises an insert body and a cutting body laminated on an upper surface of the insert body, and the insert body comprises multiple positioning side surfaces, an upper plane, and a positioning bottom surface; a projection of an edge of the positioning bottom surface, or an extension line thereof, on a rake face is intersected with a corresponding edge of the rake face, or an extension line thereof, to form a surface deflection angle and multiple flank faces are arranged between the rake face and the multiple positioning side surfaces, so as to avoid damaging the positioning side surfaces when a cutting edge is sharpened, thereby ensuring stability and long-term effect of a positioning reference, and a face cutting milling and a wiper face milling are applicable to a same face milling insert retaining slots.

Abstract: There is provided a cutting insert used for both drilling and turning. The cutting insert includes an insert main body having a front surface and a rear surface, the outline shapes of which are parallelogram shapes, peripheral side surfaces disposed on four sides of the insert main body, cutting edges provided on respective intersecting ridge lines between the front surface and the peripheral side surface and between the rear surface and the peripheral side surface of the insert main body, and a hole provided in the insert main body to incline with respect to the front surface and the rear surface, the hole being usable for attachment.

Abstract: A cutting insert (10) for a tool (100) for machining a workpiece. The cutting insert (10) is a four-bladed cutting insert which is in the form substantially of a rhomboid. The cutting insert (10) has two identical, oppositely arranged base sides (14a, 14b) and four identical main sides (16a-16d) which extend between the two base sides (14a, 14b). Each of the four main sides (16a-16d) comprises a rectilinear main cutting edge (12a-12d) and a rectilinear secondary cutting edge (26a-26d) which is arranged transversely thereto. The main and secondary cutting edges (12a-12d) and (26a-26d) of each main side (16a-16d) lie in each case in a common cutting plane which is aligned parallel to a contact surface (28a-28d) which is also provided on the main sides (16a-16d).

Abstract: An undersized indexable cutting insert being devoid of a through bore and has exactly three main cutting edges. The cutting insert has an inscribed circle which tangentially contacts only and all main cutting edges, and has an inscribed circle diameter of under 3.8 millimeters.

Abstract: A cutting insert has cutting edges having the same shape and provided at respective corners of a polygon in rotational symmetry about the center axis of the polygon, is clamped in an upright position to a holder, and has a negative side rake angle on a rake face of a side cutting edge. A side cutting edge is present at an intersection ridge between a polygonal face and an outer peripheral face. The outer peripheral face includes a rake face of the cutting edge and a flank of an end cutting edge of another cutting edge different from the side cutting edge. The flank has a positive slope angle in opposition to a negative side rake angle of the side cutting edge. A breaker groove extending in a front-rear direction is formed in the rake face and cuts into the flank, in such a manner as to divide the rake face.

Abstract: A cutting edge includes a nose portion, a first cutting edge portion, and a second cutting edge portion. When a boundary between a first inclined portion and a first breaker portion, a boundary between a first step surface and a second breaker portion, a boundary between a second inclined portion and a third breaker portion, and a boundary between a second step surface and a fourth breaker portion are a first position, a second position, a third position, and a fourth position, respectively, the second position is higher than the first position and the fourth position is higher than the third position in a direction perpendicular to the seating surface, and a distance between the first position and the third position is greater than a distance between the second position and the fourth position in a direction parallel to the seating surface.

Abstract: The technical problem to be solved by the present disclosure is to provide a single-sided high feed cutting insert which can have increased edge strength and reduced cutting load so as to be suitable for high feed machining. To this end, the single-sided high feed cutting insert of the present disclosure comprises: a short cutting edge disposed between a major surface and a short lateral surface; a long cutting edge disposed between the major surface and a long lateral surface; and a corner cutting edge disposed between the short cutting edge and the long cutting edge, wherein the short cutting edge has an outwardly convex curved shape when viewed from the major surface, and a minor surface has a straight shape when viewed from the short and long lateral surfaces, respectively.

Abstract: The present disclosure's technical object is to provide a high feed cutting insert capable of providing a sufficient entering angle while ensuring rigidity of a cutting tool's bottom part.

Abstract: A turning insert includes a top surface, an opposite bottom surface, a side surface connecting the top and bottom surfaces, and a cutting edge formed at an intersection between the top surface and the side surface. The cutting edge including a corner cutting edge, a first cutting edge, and a second cutting edge. The top surface having a first surface in the form of a depression, which borders at least a major portion of the corner cutting edge. The first and the second cutting edges subtending an angle ? which is 75-85°. At least a part of the corner cutting edge is concave in a front view.

Abstract: A metal cutting drill insert for a drill tool having a chip disruptor provided at a rake face. The chip disruptor is further configured with a chamfer at a leading cutting edge region to increase cutting resistance and facilitate chip breakage.

Abstract: A cutting tool according to an aspect of the present disclosure includes a cutting edge portion which contains at least one of cubic boron nitride and polycrystalline diamond. The cutting edge portion includes a rake face, a flank face, and a cutting edge. The flank face is contiguous to the rake face. The cutting edge is provided as a ridge line between the rake face and the flank face. The radius of curvature of the cutting edge is 2 ?m or more and 8 ?m or less.

Abstract: A turning insert arranged for longitudinal turning of metal work pieces includes a nose cutting edge that slopes from a trailing cutting edge in direction towards a leading cutting edge. A turning tool is also disclosed.

Abstract: A cutting insert based on a non-limiting aspect has a first member and a second member joined to the first member. The second member has an upper surface and a side surface adjacent to the upper surface. The upper surface includes a first side, a second side and a corner. The upper surface has a first convex portion extending toward the corner, and a second convex portion extending from the first convex portion toward the first side. The second convex portion has a first end portion and a second end portion located closer to the corner than the first end portion. A first length from the first end to the first side is less than a second length from the second end portion to the first side in a top view.

Abstract: A cutting insert may include a first surface and a second surface. The first surface may include a first side, a first corner, a second corner, and a breaker part. The breaker part may include a first segment, a second segment, and a third segment. The first segment may be an inclined surface inclined so as to approach the second surface as going away from the first side. The third segment may be an inclined surface inclined so as to separate from the second surface as going away from the second segment. In a front view of the first surface, a maximum value at a side of the second corner may be greater than a maximum value at a side of the first corner in a distance from the first side to a top portion of the third segment on an orthogonal line with respect to the first side.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a device (1) and a method for adjusting printheads (2) relative to one another, the printheads each being provided with a nozzle plate having multiple nozzles for printing, and having at least one round hole and/or at least one elongated hole in this nozzle plate for manufacturing and/or assembly purposes, including and using an assembly template for multiple printheads (2), wherein, for each printhead (2), at least one counterpart is provided, preferably in the form of a pin, that fits exactly into at least one round hole and/or at least one elongated hole in the corresponding nozzle plate, so that when the printheads (2) are inserted into the assembly template in such a way that the pairs of round hole counterparts and elongated hole counterparts engage with the corresponding round holes and elongated holes in the nozzle plate, the nozzles of all printheads (2) are aligned with one another in the desired manner.

Abstract: A vibration cutting insert includes a top surface having a rake face and a breaker face, a first side surface, a second side surface, and a bottom surface. In a cross section which includes a bisector of an angle formed between a first ridgeline and a second ridgeline when viewed in a direction from the top surface toward the bottom surface, and which is parallel to the direction from the top surface toward the bottom surface, a rake angle formed between the rake face and a plane parallel to the bottom surface has a positive angle. The angle formed between the first ridgeline and the second ridgeline is an acute angle. The rake face constitutes a cylindrical surface. The breaker face constitutes a flat surface.

Abstract: Provided is a cutting tool for back turning capable of improving chipping resistance. A cutting tool wherein a wall surface of a chip breaker includes a first wall surface that is formed along a first ridgeline, and a reinforcing surface that is connected to the first wall surface and a first end surface at an end portion of the chip breaker on the side of a first cutting edge, and that forms an angle of 90 degrees or an obtuse angle with the first end surface.

Abstract: Provided is a substrate structure, including a substrate having at least one chamfer formed on a surface thereof, and a plurality of conductive bodies formed to the substrate. Therefore, a stress generated during the packaging process is alleviated through the chamfer, and the substrate structure is prevented from being cracked. An electronic package employing the substrate structure is also provided.

Abstract: The edge portion includes an upper surface, a side surface, and a land surface. The side surface has a front side surface and a pair of lateral side surfaces. An intersection between the land surface and the front side surface forms a front cutting edge. An intersection between the land surface and each of the pair of lateral side surfaces form a corresponding one of a pair of lateral cutting edges. The edge portion contains 80 vol % or more of diamond. A chip breaker recess is provided between the upper surface and the land surface. The surfaces forming the chip breaker recess include a rake face and a breaker wall surface. The upper surface has a front edge portion opposite to the front cutting edge from the chip breaker recess. A pair of protruding portions are provided to extend from the front edge portion toward the front cutting edge.

Abstract: A turning insert for machining both Inconel and Titanium workpieces. The insert includes a chip forming arrangement including only a single v-shaped groove. The groove includes a specific depth and position to improve machining of both Inconel and Titanium work pieces.

Abstract: A cutting insert includes an upper surface and upper edge. The upper surface includes a second side part, a first corner part, and a second corner part. The upper surface further includes a first surface and a second surface. The upper edge includes a first edge located at the first corner part, a second edge located at the second side part, and a third edge located at the second corner part. The second surface includes a first region extending toward the first corner part, and a second region extending toward the second corner part. A distance between the first region and the upper edge is smaller at a side of the second edge than at a side of the first edge. A distance between the second region and the upper edge is smaller at a side of the second edge than at a side of the third edge.

Abstract: In an embodiment, an insert includes an upper surface including a corner part, a lower surface, a side surface, and a cutting edge. The side surface is between the upper surface and the lower surface. The cutting edge is at least at a part of a first region in which the upper surface intersects with the side surface. The cutting edge includes a first cutting edge at the corner part, a second cutting edge, a third cutting edge, and a fourth cutting edge. The second cutting edge is next to the first cutting edge, and also next to the third cutting edge. The third and fourth cutting edges: each have a convex curvilinear shape with first and second radii of curvature, respectively; and extend downward and upward, respectively, in a side view as going farther from the second cutting edge. The second radius smaller than the first radius.

Abstract: A cutting insert in the present disclosure includes an upper surface, a lower surface, a side surface, and an edge. The upper surface includes a first corner part and a second corner part. The edge is located in a region which is located between the first corner part and the second corner part. The edge includes a first edge located at a side of the first corner part, a second edge located at a side of the second corner part, and a third edge located between the first edge and the second edge. The edge has a curvilinear shape being recessed toward the lower surface in a side view. Each of a radius of curvature R1 of the first edge and a radius of curvature R2 of the second edge is smaller than a radius of curvature R3 of the third edge in a side view.

Abstract: A rotary cutting tool insert according to one embodiment of the present invention includes: an annular rake face provided with at least one recess portion; and a cutting edge formed at an outer circumference of the rake face, the recess portion having a width of more than or equal to 1.2 mm and less than or equal to 3.0 mm in a circumferential direction of the rake face, a distance between the cutting edge and an end of the recess portion at the outer circumference side of the rake face being more than or equal to 0.1 mm and less than or equal to 0.5 mm. According to the rotary cutting tool insert according to the one embodiment of the present invention, roughness of a processed surface and vibration due to a cutting process can be prevented.

Abstract: An insert includes an upper surface including at least one corner part and a plurality of side parts, and a side surface. The upper surface includes a corner region. The corner region includes a first corner surface, a second corner surface, a third corner surface, and a fourth corner surface which are located sequentially in order from a side of the corner part. The first corner surface is inclined downward. The second corner surface, the third corner surface and the fourth corner surface are inclined upward. An inclination angle ?12 of the second corner surface is greater than an inclination angle ?13 of the third corner surface. An inclination angle ?14 of the fourth corner surface is greater than the inclination angle ?12 of the second corner surface.

Abstract: A swiss turning tool assembly includes an insert and a tool holder. The tool holder includes a head portion which in turn includes an insert pocket and a fastener hole opening out to a flank side of the tool and to a pocket opening in the insert pocket. The insert pocket also includes a tool clamping arrangement which in turn includes a tool base surface and at least one tool abutment surface forming an external acute angle with the tool base surface. The insert includes an insert base surface which in turn includes at least one insert abutment surface forming an internal acute angle with the insert base surface. To achieve a clamped position, a single fastener, accessed from the tool's flank side abuts the insert.

Abstract: An insert includes a first surface having a corner portion, a second surface, a third surface, and a cutting edge. The cutting edge is provided with a first cutting edge located on the corner portion and a second cutting edge adjacent to the first cutting edge, and the third surface is provided with a first portion located along the first cutting edge and a second portion located along the second cutting edge. the second portion includes a first region having a first end portion and a second end portion, and a second region having a third end portion and a fourth end portion. An inclination angle ?212 at the second end portion is greater than an inclination angle ?211 at the first end portion, and an inclination angle ?222 at the fourth end portion is smaller than an inclination angle ?221 at the third end portion.

Abstract: In an embodiment, a cutting insert includes an upper surface, a front end surface, and a front cutting edge. The upper surface includes a first protrusion and a second protrusion, and a first surface, a second surface, and a third surface, each of which is located between the first protrusion and the second protrusion. The first surface is inclined downward at a first inclination angle. The second surface is inclined upward at a second inclination angle. The third surface is inclined upward at a third inclination angle. The second surface is located lower than an upper end of each of the first protrusion and the second protrusion. The third surface extends further upward than the upper end of each of the first protrusion and the second protrusion. The third inclination angle is smaller than the second inclination angle.

Abstract: The technical objective of the present invention is to provide a double-sided cutting insert having a high feed rate, which can increase the edge strength and reduce the cutting load, and thus can be suitable for high feed rate processing.

Abstract: A milling insert includes a first axial face, a second axial face, a first radial face, a second radial face parallel with the first radial face, a cutting face, and a generally V-shaped seating face formed with a first seating surface and a second seating surface. The first axial face defines a secondary clearance surface that is at least partially axially recessed from the first axial face and oblique to the first radial face. The first seating surface and the second seating surface are formed at an angle substantially equal to a radial rake angle when the cutting insert is mounted in the insert seat of the milling cutter. As a result, the seating face produces at least one seating surface that is substantially perpendicular to the tangential cutting force, FT, thereby reducing movement of the insert when tangentially mounted in the insert seat of the milling cutter.

Abstract: A detachable cutting insert for an indexable rotary cutting tool, has a cutting edge portion that includes a major cutting edge continuous with a first end of a first corner edge near a short-side-direction side surface, which is formed into a straight line. The cutting insert has a first minor cutting edge that is continuous with a second end of the major cutting edge, which is formed into a circular arc. The cutting insert has a second minor cutting edge that is continuous with a third end of the first minor cutting edge, which is formed into a straight line. In a cross-sectional view of a rake face of the second minor cutting edge, perpendicular to the second minor cutting edge, a cross-sectional ridgeline of the rake face of the second minor cutting edge is formed into a convex shape protruding above a cross-sectional ridgeline of a reference plane.

Abstract: A cutting tool replacement member including: a lower surface which serves as a seating surface; an upper surface opposed to the lower surface; and a side surface connected to the upper surface and the lower surface. In a top view, the upper surface includes, in an intersection between the upper surface and the side surface, a reference side edge and an inclined side edge inclined relative to the reference side edge. The side surface includes a first side surface part connected to the reference side edge of the upper surface, and a second side surface part connected to the inclined side edge of the upper surface. At least one of the first side surface part and the second side surface part is provided with an overhanging part that, in a top view, protrudes outwardly with respect to the reference side edge or the inclined side edge.

Abstract: In a cutting insert of an embodiment of the present invention, an upper surface includes a first corner, and a second corner and a third corner respectively adjacent to both sides of the first corner. The upper surface sequentially includes a rake surface located along an upper cutting edge and inclined toward a lower surface as going inward from the upper cutting edge at a rake angle on a basis of a perpendicular plane perpendicular to a central axis extending between the upper and lower surfaces, and a connection surface located more inward than the rake surface and inclined toward the lower surface as going inward at a connection angle on the basis of the perpendicular plane. An intersecting part of the rake surface and the connection surface includes a highest position in a portion of the intersecting part corresponding to the minor rake surface. A cutting tool with the cutting insert, and a method of producing a machined product by using the cutting tool are also provided.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a cutting insert. The cutting insert according to the exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure has a dot formed between a main cutting edge and a chip breaker, and the dot has a bridge formed between the main cutting edges. Therefore, a chip, which is produced during a cutting process, may come into contact with three points on a main cutting edge land portion, the bridge, and the dot. The chip may discharge heat generated from the cutting insert while the chip comes into contact with the three points.

Abstract: There is provided a rotary tool including a rotary tool body and a blade provided to the rotary tool body and having a cutting edge, the blade containing 80% by volume or more of diamond, and the blade including a land surface extending along the cutting edge, and a chip breaker having a recess located opposite to the cutting edge with the land surface therebetween.

Abstract: A cutting tool having a cutting edge member which forms at least one corner part, wherein a material for the cutting edge member is selected from either diamond, an ultrahigh-pressure sintered body containing cubic boron nitride or a PVD or CVD coating applied to a surface of the ultrahigh-pressure sintered body. At least part of an intersecting edge between an end surface of the cutting edge member and a peripheral side surface thereof is provided with a cutting edge. A chip breaker comprising a breaker wall surface is formed in the end surface of the cutting edge member. The breaker wall surface has at least one projected surface part which bulges outwardly from the cutting tool. As viewed from the end surface, the recessed surface part is arranged so as to be apart from a virtual plane A which is defined so as to divide the corner part into halves.

Abstract: A cutting insert has a first end surface and a second end surface which are opposed to each other. The first end surface has at least one apex and two side edges which extend so as to sandwich the apex. At least part of the two side edges serves as a cutting edge. The first end surface has a rake surface which is connected to the cutting edge. As viewed in a cross-section which intersects with the two side edges and which is orthogonal to the second end surface, the rake surface is inclined relative to the second end surface.

Abstract: According to the present disclosure, a cutting insert includes an upper surface having a polygonal shape and includes a corner, a side surface adjacent to the upper surface, a cutting edge and a protrusion. The cutting edge is located at a ridge part in which the upper surface intersects with the side surface and includes a corner part located at the corner. The protrusion is located on the upper surface. The protrusion includes a first protrusion on a bisector of the corner in a top view. The protrusion further includes a second protrusion adjacent to the first protrusion in a direction orthogonal to the bisector. The second protrusion is closer to the corner than the first protrusion in the top view.

Abstract: In accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure, a method of designing a drill bit comprises determining placements on a drill bit for a plurality of cutting elements at a plurality of radial coordinates of the drill bit. The method further comprises determining a substrate-based critical depth of cut for a substrate of each cutting element and generating a substrate-based critical depth of cut control curve based on the substrate-based critical depth of cut at each radial coordinate. The method also comprises comparing the substrate-based critical depth of cut control curve and the threshold critical depth of cut control curve and adjusting a drill bit design parameter if the substrate-based critical depth of cut control curve is less than or equal to the threshold critical depth of cut control curve at a radial coordinate.

Abstract: A single-sided four-way indexable cutting insert includes a positive basic shape, a rake surface, a peripheral surface including four side abutment surfaces, a base bearing surface and a screw hole connecting the rake and base bearing surfaces. The insert has an imaginary square frustum which defines a square base containing the cutting insert's base bearing surface, and further defines four isosceles trapezoid side surfaces respectively containing the cutting insert's four side abutment surfaces. A material volume VF of the cutting insert and a void volume VS of the insert fulfill the condition VS/VF?0.25.

Abstract: Indexable, double-sided turning inserts for turning operations and and a turning tool are provided with cutting edges at alternating corners on opposite sides of the insert. Chipbreaker structures can be provided without interfering with providing large supporting surfaces. When the insert is used in a cutting operation, chips from one of the cutting edges in use are unlikely to damage cutting edges that are not in use but are on adjacent corners.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a method of singulating semiconductor die from a semiconductor wafer includes forming a material on a surface of a semiconductor wafer and reducing a thickness of portions of the material. Preferably, the thickness of the material is reduced near where singulation openings are to be formed in the semiconductor wafer.